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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4834" ID-PMC="PMC4411497" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-3-4834" ID-PubMed="25941452" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1314-2828-3-e4834" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 3" ModsDocTitle="Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Turkish Thrace, with a new record for Turkey" checkinTime="1451253136992" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sirin, Uemit Davut, Caliskan, Hakan &amp; Sahin, Yalcin" docDate="2015" docId="F20632CA569029EE9BC5982309C1737C" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 3: e4834" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 3" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4834" docTitle="Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen 1818" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="4834" masterDocId="FFCEFF99FFFEFFB6FFF0F01FAD59FFC4" masterDocTitle="Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Turkish Thrace, with a new record for Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="4834" masterPageNumber="4834" pageNumber="4834" updateTime="1668123005021" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Turkish Thrace, with a new record for Turkey</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sirin, Uemit Davut</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Caliskan, Hakan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sahin, Yalcin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>4834</mods:start>
<mods:end>4834</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4834</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4834</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-3-4834</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F20632CA569029EE9BC5982309C1737C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F20632CA569029EE9BC5982309C1737C" lastPageNumber="4834" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<taxonomicName authority="Meigen, 1818" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium (Simulium) variegatum" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatum" subGenus="Simulium">Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="24.05.2002 / 09.07.2003" country="Turkey" latitude="41.48037" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.953289" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-larva="3" specimenCount-pupa="7" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
/
<specimenCount type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tekirdağ">Tekirdag</normalizedToken>
; county: Saray; locationRemarks: 23; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.48037">41°28'49.33&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.953289">27°57'11.84&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
133; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="24.05.2002 / 09.07.2003">24.05.2002 / 09.07.2003</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="05/24/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="41.549366" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.04237" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-larva="6" specimenCount-pupa="5" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">6 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tekirdağ">Tekirdag</normalizedToken>
; county: Saray; locationRemarks: 24; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.549366">41°32'57.72&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.04237">28°2'32.53&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
134; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="05/24/2002">05/24/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="05/24/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="41.560123" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.064157" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="16" specimenCount-larva="6" specimenCount-male="1" specimenCount-pupa="9" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: sex:
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
; lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">9 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">6 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tekirdağ">Tekirdag</normalizedToken>
; county: Saray; locationRemarks: 25; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.560123">41°33'36.45&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="28.064157">28°3'50.97&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
135; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="05/24/2002">05/24/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="05/24/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="41.649822" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.9673" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="15" specimenCount-larva="7" specimenCount-pupa="8" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">8 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">7 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kırklareli">Kirklareli</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kıyıköy">Kiyikoey</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 26; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.649822">41°38'59.36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.9673">27°58'2.28&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
136; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="05/24/2002">05/24/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="05/25/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="41.73845" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.626734" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-larva="4" specimenCount-pupa="6" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">6 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kırklareli">Kirklareli</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pınarhisar">Pinarhisar</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 31; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.73845">41°44'18.42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.626734">27°37'36.24&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
137; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="05/25/2002">05/25/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="25.05.2002 / 08.07.2003" country="Turkey" latitude="41.781204" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.705229" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-larva="7" specimenCount-pupa="5" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">4 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">7 larvae</specimenCount>
/
<specimenCount type="pupa">1 pupae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kırklareli">Kirklareli</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pınarhisar">Pinarhisar</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 32; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.781204">41°46'52.34&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.705229">27°42'18.82&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
138; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="25.05.2002 / 08.07.2003">25.05.2002 / 08.07.2003</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="05/27/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="41.802216" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.454065" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-larva="1" specimenCount-pupa="3" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">3 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">1 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kırklareli">Kirklareli</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Üsküp">Ueskuep</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 41; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.802216">41°48'7.98&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.454065">27°27'14.63&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
139; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="05/27/2002">05/27/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="05/28/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="41.94749" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.061388" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-larva="3" specimenCount-pupa="5" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: sex:
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
; lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kırklareli">Kirklareli</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kofçaz">Kofcaz</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 52; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.94749">41°56'50.96&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.061388">27°3'41.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
140; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="05/28/2002">05/28/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="06/08/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="40.827503" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.385714" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-larva="5" specimenCount-pupa="6" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">6 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tekirdağ">Tekirdag</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kumbağ">Kumbag</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 106; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="40.827503">40°49'39.01&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.385714">27°23'8.57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
141; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="06/08/2002">06/08/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="06/08/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="40.80776" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.38569" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-larva="5" specimenCount-pupa="4" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">4 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tekirdağ">Tekirdag</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kumbağ">Kumbag</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 107; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="40.80776">40°48'27.93&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.38569">27°23'8.49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
142; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="06/08/2002">06/08/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="06/08/2002" country="Turkey" latitude="40.798054" location="Turkey" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.36357" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-larva="3" specimenCount-pupa="8" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: lifeStage:
<specimenCount type="pupa">8 pupae</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
; Taxon: scientificName: Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Simuliidae; genus: Simulium; subgenus: Simulium; scientificNameAuthorship: Meigen, 1818; Location: continent: Europe; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Turkey</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tekirdağ">Tekirdag</normalizedToken>
; county:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kumbağ">Kumbag</normalizedToken>
; locationRemarks: 108; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="40.798054">40°47'52.99&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.36357">27°21'48.85&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identificationID:
<normalizedToken originalValue="esoguent-th-ıd-">esoguent-th-id-</normalizedToken>
143; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" value="06/08/2002">06/08/2002</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">
The most diagnostic character of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium variegatum" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatum">Simulium variegatum</taxonomicName>
is the presence of two large thoracic bulges (patagia) near the pupal gill bases. We observed this feature in all specimens collected from 11 sites. This species is widely distributed in Turkey (
<bibRefCitation author="Crosskey, R. W." journalOrPublisher="Aquatic Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="4834" pagination="21 - 48" title="New faunal records, with taxonomic annotations, for the blackflies of Turkey (Diptera, Simuliidae)" volume="29" year="2007">Crosskey and Zwick 2007</bibRefCitation>
) and also common over most of Europe, western Asia and North Africa (
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="4834">Adler and Crosskey 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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