231 lines
16 KiB
XML
231 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55b70366-a93b-420b-bee8-2a947098a45f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249983" ID-ZooBank="F0B7652D-6E64-44CE-9181-5A10C8D594C7" checkinTime="1460428426774" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina" docDate="2014" docId="C23A87C6FFF4FF9FFF11FEB21D8CFAFA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03805p129.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3805 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@77e6d936" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.monograph" docTitle="Myrmekioderma laminatum Rützler, Piantoni, Van & Díaz, 2014, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="72" masterDocId="3E03FFBEFFB3FFD8FF86FF901C06FFFF" masterDocTitle="Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay" masterLastPageNumber="129" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1645141290648" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rützler, Klaus</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Piantoni, Carla</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Díaz, Cristina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3805</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>129</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">55b70366-a93b-420b-bee8-2a947098a45f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">249983</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F0B7652D-6E64-44CE-9181-5A10C8D594C7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6130364" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119429384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6130364" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C23A87C6FFF4FF9FFF11FEB21D8CFAFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C23A87C6FFF4FF9FFF11FEB21D8CFAFA" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,641,290,350]" box="[151,641,290,316]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,641,290,316]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,641,290,316]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName box="[151,490,290,316]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="laminatum" status="new species">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,490,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Myrmekioderma laminatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[498,641,290,316]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,641,290,350]" box="[151,328,325,350]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[158,267,325,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1692,1714]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1670]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1670]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. In-situ photographs of new sponge species reported in this contribution (measurements in parentheses are picture widths): a, Wigginsia curlewensis (8 cm); b, Phorbas aurantiacus (10 cm); c, Myrmekioderma laminatum (12 cm); d, Niphates arenata (10 cm); e, Siphonodictyon occultum (10 cm); f, Xestospongia purpurea (8 cm); g, Aplysina sciophila (20 cm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249987/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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Figures
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<number box="[251,267,326,350]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="4.0">4</number>
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</figureCitation>
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c,
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<number box="[292,321,326,350]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="37.0">37</number>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,262,397,422]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Material.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus box="[268,376,397,422]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[387,468,398,422]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">USNM</collectionCode>
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<number box="[475,576,397,422]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1229076.0">1229076</number>
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, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, inner reef slope (near sand rough), between sheets of coralline algae under coral overhang,
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<quantity box="[604,664,433,457]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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; K. Ruetzler col.
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<date box="[860,1013,433,458]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1975-05-14">
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<number box="[860,888,433,457]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="14.0">14</number>
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May
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<number box="[954,1013,433,458]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1975.0">1975</number>
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</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" box="[199,814,469,494]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<typeStatus box="[199,302,470,494]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Paratype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[312,393,470,494]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">USNM</collectionCode>
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<number box="[399,500,470,494]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1229077.0">1229077</number>
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, Same location as
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<typeStatus box="[708,810,469,494]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,321,505,530]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName box="[328,513,505,530]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[328,513,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Myrmekioderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with smooth, even or slightly bumpy surface, with long, smooth oxeas and styles, short, microspined oxeas, and one size class of raphids.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,463,577,602]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">External morphology.</emphasis>
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Crusts on dead coral and coralline algae, penetrating crevices and forming multiple layers. Size, as sampled, up to
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<number box="[512,526,614,638]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="8.0">8</number>
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<date box="[536,573,613,638]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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x
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<quantity box="[559,573,613,638]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="cm" value="6.0">6</quantity>
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</date>
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cm,
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<quantity box="[634,730,614,638]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">3–9 mm</quantity>
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thick, depending on spaces between substratum pieces. Firm consistency, difficult to compress. Surface smooth or slightly bumpy, rough to the touch, with a few dispersed oscula (
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<quantity box="[238,332,686,710]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
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diameter). Color is orange at the surface, yellowish orange to ochre in the interior.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,427,721,746]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Skeleton structure.</emphasis>
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The ectosome shows a layer of embedded sediment and phalanx of perpendicular small acanthoxeas. The choanosome contains large oxeas and styles, acanthoxeas, and raphids in criss-cross fashion, without orientation except for a few short tracts.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,304,829,854]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Spicules.</emphasis>
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Long, thin, smooth oxeas and styles, with frequent modifications to strongyloxeas of large size range:
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<number box="[228,339,865,890]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="677.0" valueMax="1050.0" valueMin="304.0">
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304–
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<date box="[284,339,865,890]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1050-10-05" valueMax="1050-10-16" valueMin="1050-10-05">1050</date>
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</number>
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x
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<number box="[367,423,865,890]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="10.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="5.0">5–16</number>
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(
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<emphasis box="[439,536,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<number box="[439,481,866,890]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="897.0">897</number>
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<date box="[488,536,866,890]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="2013-10">
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x
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<number box="[508,536,866,890]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="13.0">13</number>
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</date>
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</emphasis>
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) Μm; microspined oxeas, with common styloid, strongylote, or (rare) tylostyloid modifications:
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<number box="[321,419,902,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="364.5" valueMax="440.0" valueMin="289.0">289–440</number>
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<date box="[427,505,901,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1916-10-07">
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x
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<number box="[449,505,901,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="11.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="7.0">7–16</number>
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</date>
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(
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<emphasis box="[523,622,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<number box="[523,565,901,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="365.0">365</number>
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<date box="[573,622,902,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="2012-10">
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x
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<number box="[594,622,902,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="12.0">12</number>
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</date>
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</emphasis>
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) Μm; very thin (
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<number box="[810,895,901,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="0.3" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.5</number>
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µm), smooth raphids, about
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<number box="[1225,1295,902,926]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="68.5" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="7.0">7–130</number>
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µm long, in preparations often wrapped around megascleres making length determinations difficult.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" box="[199,1330,973,998]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,299,973,998]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Ecology.</emphasis>
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In the shade of a forereef coral overhang, encrusting and invading crevices of rubble,
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<specimenCount box="[1266,1330,974,998]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="generic">
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||
<quantity box="[1266,1326,974,998]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[199,438,1009,1034]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" box="[199,438,1009,1034]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,352,1009,1034]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[359,434,1009,1034]" name="Belize" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Belize</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,1045,1070]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species name reflects the growth pattern in sheets, sandwiched between layers of coralline algae and coral rubble: lamina (Latin) = plate, sheet.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[151,1437,397,1286]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,335,1117,1142]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Comments.</emphasis>
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Two other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[597,782,1117,1142]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[597,782,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Myrmekioderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occur in similar reef habitats,
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<taxonomicName authority="Alcolado" authorityName="Alcolado" box="[1142,1436,1117,1142]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gyroderma">
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<emphasis box="[1142,1305,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">M. gyroderma</emphasis>
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(Alcolado)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Diaz" box="[158,355,1153,1178]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Diaz, M. C., Pomponi, S. A. & van Soest, R. W. M. (1993) A systematic revision of the central West Atlantic Halichondrida (Demospongiae, Porifera). Part III: Description of valid species. In: Uriz, M. - J. & Rutzler, K. (Eds.), Recent Advances in Ecology and Systematics of Sponges. Scientia Marina, 57 (4), pp. 283 - 306." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Diaz
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<emphasis box="[222,287,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">et al.,</emphasis>
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<number box="[295,355,1154,1178]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1993.0">1993</number>
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</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<number box="[368,413,1154,1178]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="303.0">303</number>
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, figs. 39, 45; as
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<taxonomicName box="[604,679,1154,1177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rea">
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<emphasis box="[604,679,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">M. rea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName box="[747,822,1154,1177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rea">
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<emphasis box="[747,822,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">M. rea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(de Laubenfels) (see below). Our new species differs from both by lacking meandering surface grooves and thick, robust oxeas as megascleres. The microspined acanthoxeas are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName box="[562,638,1226,1249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rea">
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<emphasis box="[562,638,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">M. rea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below), whereas in
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<taxonomicName box="[931,1093,1225,1250]" class="Demospongiae" family="Heteroxyidae" genus="Myrmekioderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gyroderma">
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<emphasis box="[931,1093,1225,1250]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">M. gyroderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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they are replaced by smooth, short and stout oxeas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |