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<document id="12E586CEC96A2DE8FD6DEFAF511DE7AA" ID-CLB-Dataset="45638" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55b70366-a93b-420b-bee8-2a947098a45f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249983" ID-ZooBank="F0B7652D-6E64-44CE-9181-5A10C8D594C7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460428426774" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. &amp; Díaz, Cristina" docDate="2014" docId="C23A87C6FFBFFFD6FF11F9031F4DF88A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03805p129.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3805 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Plakinastrella onkodes Uliczka 1929" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="3E03FFBEFFB3FFD8FF86FF901C06FFFF" masterDocTitle="Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay" masterLastPageNumber="129" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698331087754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="10F4BE7D865285D6C55D52DA2310DBC5">Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6288AE60A39ABD83FC0018577E898926">Rützler, Klaus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4DEB2DE1D8934EA4C688BD54265D5DE">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="18E728E50AF0FB6BE0E78A871AD33974">Díaz, Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="C23A87C6FFBFFFD6FF11F9031F4DF88A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6130241" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119429289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6130241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C23A87C6FFBFFFD6FF11F9031F4DF88A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C23A87C6FFBFFFD6FF11F9031F4DF88A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection id="0289655BFFBFFFD4FF11F9031880F8EC" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBFFFD4FF11F9031E5CF952" blockId="12.[151,602,1683,1742]" box="[151,602,1683,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="116481BCFFBFFFD4FF11F9031E5CF952" bold="true" box="[151,602,1683,1709]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="8D934D53FFBFFFD4FF11F9031E5CF952" ID-CoL="4JHZB" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,602,1683,1709]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakinastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="onkodes">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBFFFD4FF11F9031E5CF952" bold="true" box="[151,602,1683,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBFFFD4FF11F9031DACF952" bold="true" box="[151,426,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Plakinastrella onkodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2E024B21FFBFFFD4FE34F9031E5CF952" author="Uliczka" box="[434,602,1683,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westindien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement, 16, pp. 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBFFFD4FF11F9251D0EF931" blockId="12.[151,602,1683,1742]" box="[151,264,1717,1742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
(
<figureCitation id="D2A82A55FFBFFFD4FF18F9251CF8F931" box="[158,254,1717,1742]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1388,1410]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1366]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1366]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Plakinastrella onkodes, spicules (SEM): a, diods; b, triods; c, calthrops." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249989/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figure 6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBFFFD4FF11F96D1880F8EC" blockId="12.[151,1158,1789,1811]" box="[151,1158,1789,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Synonymy and references.
<taxonomicName id="8D934D53FFBFFFD4FE22F96D1F25F8EC" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[420,803,1789,1811]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakinastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="onkodes">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBFFFD4FE22F96D1E8AF8EC" box="[420,652,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Plakinastrella onkodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2E024B21FFBFFFD4FD14F96D1F25F8EC" author="Uliczka" box="[658,803,1789,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westindien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement, 16, pp. 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="2E024B21FFBFFFD4FCABF96E1FA7F8EC" author="Zea" box="[813,929,1789,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe Colombiano: Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida, Verongida, Haplosclerida, Poecilosclerida, Halichondrida, Axinellida, Desmophorida y Homosclerophorida. Editorial Catalogo Cientifico, Colombia, pp. 1 - 286." type="book chapter" year="1987">Zea (1987)</bibRefCitation>
: 227, fig. 83, pl. 13: 9.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0289655BFFBFFFD6FF11F8D0195FF8B0" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBFFFD5FF11F8D01D37FF07" blockId="12.[151,1436,1856,2025]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBFFFD4FF11F8D01D00F8A6" bold="true" box="[151,262,1856,1881]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="2C82AE15FFBFFFD4FE8AF8D01D5BF8A7" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[268,349,1856,1880]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
1228890, Carrie Bow Cay, back reef near reef crest, underside of
<taxonomicName id="8D934D53FFBFFFD4FBBAF8D1190FF8A6" box="[1084,1289,1856,1881]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="palmata">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBFFFD4FBBAF8D1190FF8A6" box="[1084,1289,1856,1881]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Acropora palmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coral rubble,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBFFFD4FF11F8F41CD9F883" box="[151,223,1892,1916]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="0.3">0.3 m</quantity>
; K. Ruetzler col.
<date id="3E2D1010FFBFFFD4FE31F8F41E55F883" box="[439,595,1892,1916]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1974-04-23">23 Apr 1974</date>
.
<collectionCode id="2C82AE15FFBFFFD4FDE4F8F41EB5F883" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[610,691,1892,1916]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
1228891, Carrie Bow Cay reef flat, under
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBFFFD4FB3AF8F5196EF883" box="[1212,1384,1893,1916]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Porites porites</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="8D934D53FFBFFFD4FF11F8191D81F85F" box="[151,391,1929,1952]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Acropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBFFFD4FF11F8191D81F85F" box="[151,391,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Acropora cervicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coral rubble,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBFFFD4FDA0F8181E6CF85F" box="[550,618,1928,1953]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
; K. Ruetzler col.
<date id="3E2D1010FFBFFFD4FCB4F8181FB9F85E" box="[818,959,1928,1953]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1986-01-29">29 Jan 1986</date>
.
<collectionCode id="2C82AE15FFBFFFD4FC4DF818181AF85F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[971,1052,1928,1952]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
1228892, 1228893 Curlew Bank, forereef cave,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBFFFD4FEBEF83C1D73F83B" box="[312,373,1964,1988]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
; C. Piantoni col.
<date id="3E2D1010FFBFFFD4FDB1F83C1EC2F83B" box="[567,708,1964,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2007-06-29">29 Jun 2007</date>
.
<collectionCode id="2C82AE15FFBFFFD4FD49F83C1F26F83B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[719,800,1964,1988]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
1228894 Curlew Bank, forereef cave,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBFFFD4FB53F83C1914F83B" box="[1237,1298,1964,1988]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
; C. Piantoni col.
<date id="3E2D1010FFBFFFD4FF4EF8401D42F817" box="[200,324,2000,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2007-07-02">2 Jul 2007</date>
.
<collectionCode id="2C82AE15FFBFFFD4FED6F8401DA7F817" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[336,417,2000,2024]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
1228895, Carrie Bow Cay South, back reef, lower surface of rock slab,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBFFFD4FB5BF840190AF817" box="[1245,1292,2000,2024]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
; K. Ruetzler col.
<date id="3E2D1010FFBEFFD5FF40FF081D1EFF50" box="[198,280,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2013-03">13 Mar</date>
0 9.
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1228896 Curlew Bank, forereef slope framework cave,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBEFFD5FB8CFF081843FF50" box="[1034,1093,152,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
; C. Piantoni &amp; M. Parrish, col.
<date id="3E2D1010FFBEFFD5FF11FF2C1D28FF2B" box="[151,302,188,212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2012-08-22">22 Aug 2012</date>
.
<collectionCode id="2C82AE15FFBEFFD5FEBEFF2C1D8FFF2B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[312,393,188,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">USNM</collectionCode>
1228897 Curlew Bank, forereef slope framework cave,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBEFFD5FB85FF2C1839FF2B" box="[1027,1087,188,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
; C. Piantoni &amp; M. Parrish, col.
<date id="3E2D1010FFBEFFD5FF11FF701D2BFF07" box="[151,301,224,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2012-08-23">23 Aug 2012</date>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1EEC6658FFBEFFD5FF11F80F1926F84A" box="[151,1312,1951,1973]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249988/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[151,1436,331,1928]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBEFFD5FF11F80F1926F84A" blockId="13.[151,1312,1951,1973]" box="[151,1312,1951,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBEFFD5FF11F80F1D14F84B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1951,1973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBEFFD5FE9FF8301E21F84A" box="[281,551,1951,1973]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="8D934D53FFBEFFD5FE9FF8301E25F84A" box="[281,547,1951,1973]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Corticium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="quadripartitum">Corticium quadripartitum</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
spicules (SEM): a, calthrops; b, lophocalthrops; c, candelabras; d, spheres.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1EEC6658FFBDFFD6FF11FAFC1FF6FA7D" box="[151,1008,1388,1410]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249989/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1366]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBDFFD6FF11FAFC1FF6FA7D" blockId="14.[151,1008,1388,1410]" box="[151,1008,1388,1410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FF11FAFC1D14FA7E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1388,1410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FE9FFAFC1E01FA7D" box="[281,519,1388,1410]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="8D934D53FFBDFFD6FE9FFAFC1E05FA7D" box="[281,515,1388,1410]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakinastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="onkodes">Plakinastrella onkodes</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
spicules (SEM): a, diods; b, triods; c, calthrops.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBDFFD6FF41FA391FAAF9CF" blockId="14.[151,1436,1449,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FF41FA391DD7FA3D" bold="true" box="[199,465,1449,1474]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">External morphology.</emphasis>
Encrusting,
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thick, with a few oscula (up to
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBDFFD6FBD8FA3918A2FA3E" box="[1118,1188,1449,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
diameter) irregularly dispersed, some elevated on cone-shaped lobes. Horizontal spread to about
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBDFFD6FB88FA401851FA18" box="[1038,1111,1488,1512]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
2; parts of the body may be covered by crustose coralline algae. Surface slightly rough to the touch, consistency tough elastic. Color cream, orange, bluish or blackish brown; no dark exudates upon preservation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBDFFD6FF41F9AC1DD4F962" blockId="14.[151,1436,1449,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FF41F9AC1DABF9AA" bold="true" box="[199,429,1596,1621]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Skeleton structure.</emphasis>
The ectosome shows a dense reticulation of small diactines (diods), some protruding brush-like from the surface. The choanosome is also very dense with spicules, some in mesh-like formation, many without specific orientation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBDFFD6FF41F9371E90F8D2" blockId="14.[151,1436,1449,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FF41F9371D36F93F" bold="true" box="[199,304,1703,1728]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Spicules.</emphasis>
Diods occur in a great size range, most with the characteristic (for the group) kinks or swellings at or near the center: 20175 x &lt;18 (
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FD89F95C1E48F91B" box="[527,590,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<date id="3E2D1010FFBDFFD6FD89F95C1E48F91B" box="[527,590,1740,1764]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1992-10-05">92 x5</date>
</emphasis>
) Μm. They are accompanied by delicate triods and more robust calthrops; triods: 3575 (57) Μm; calthrops: 3575 (51) Μm. Despite similar overall size and lengths of rays, the bases of rays average 4.8 Μm in triods, 6.2 Μm in calthrops.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBDFFD6FF41F8A7195FF8B0" blockId="14.[151,1436,1449,1909]" box="[199,1369,1847,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FF41F8A71D2DF8AF" bold="true" box="[199,299,1847,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ecology.</emphasis>
On the lower surfaces of back-reef coral plates and rubble and inside forereef caves,
<quantity id="8D6B9B35FFBDFFD6FB6EF8A81952F8B0" box="[1256,1364,1848,1872]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.03" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="10.15" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="0.3">
0.3
<specimenCount id="5C95FD59FFBDFFD6FA9EF8A81952F8B0" box="[1304,1364,1848,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0289655BFFBDFFD6FF41F8CC1F4DF88A" box="[199,843,1884,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4A2C36D0FFBDFFD6FF41F8CC1F4DF88A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1449,1909]" box="[199,843,1884,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="78E7EAC2FFBDFFD6FF41F8CC1D66F88A" bold="true" box="[199,352,1884,1909]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</emphasis>
Common throughout the Caribbean region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>