343 lines
46 KiB
XML
343 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="279803" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.103379" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eb170358-f3ba-40ec-bb6b-d4b2af4f4cbc" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-96-1031" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A78B959177345DB398619DD71EE5C461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10405215" ID-ZooBank="88FF9B1FD65E4F08B7ED7A5D40530176" ModsDocID="1314-2607-96-1031" checkinTime="1701287246614" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Polasek, Ozren & de Beer, Len" docDate="2023" docId="EB2BCB57F8F15600BBCDAC166DCCCFB4" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 96: 1031-1044" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 96" docPubDate="2023-11-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.103379" docTitle="Ropalidia jemmae Polasek & de Beer 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="13ADD49A-3E0A-45B6-9889-22AB94EB40D4" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="A78B959177345DB398619DD71EE5C461" lastPageNumber="1031" masterDocId="A78B959177345DB398619DD71EE5C461" masterDocTitle="A new species of social wasp from Madagascar with an inverted nest architecture (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)" masterLastPageNumber="1044" masterPageNumber="1031" pageNumber="1031" updateTime="1719623423846" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:mods id="8EDD28FF0E2B88DD454E60415FEF9D86" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CC64791D5888C6A1BDE7E0B82DF9BA7A">
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<mods:title id="0306429A582D07E18546DE55E0C06296">A new species of social wasp from Madagascar with an inverted nest architecture (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="63026EB29CF5882CE02DCA7EF1891097" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="12900BEA9FB5FB1824C80A9C4EE2409E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5FE010574497548D502B8EE04D39F3FB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D9CB09A8D9B76697EB9F8CE5F926DB58">Polasek, Ozren</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="675FC0C91F33927B72A3A037B2404E13" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5765-1862</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="91AFF142932A0F01F9981110369A7DDE">Croatian Science Foundation, Zagreb, Croatia & University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia & Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="768D56C05169D2170C6807AB703D65F3" type="email">opolasek@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="46227D5D53BD005C9BB101176738CD6B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E3ACB6C76730B9ECFBEF15BFB05DED5D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DDABF684BEEBA0B10E06BA2669AD4EEF">de Beer, Len</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="61A692C8DA304814C0F4AEE5121DED7E">Eden Reforestation Projects, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B2210E8905BD058939DEA3643B9EBEA1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3E8CF9A8D4A67AA3B62581107AFE1129">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="59A847E8B55AA73FCB4B198BA36AF06E">
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<mods:date id="F0149DC2B4435A7BBE825731674796AC">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="12C7394856924BA57913A2281EE6B4BF">2023-11-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="548D1B796AEC54D31A6952CC6001C61C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="8E725947F985A0C0588CE392BA388CDA">96</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="4035E6631C7DD31ACB63EE8ACD97D226">1031</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="1B3949598C79C0862336713ED5CB6B3B">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.103379</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="B9C87208AE443C1C80618F63756488A2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="0C2976A4D5369DB5089F1611CF02D02F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.103379</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="45B01178264DB48E77C33EB3E41015AC" type="Pensoft-UUID">A78B959177345DB398619DD71EE5C461</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="33E9407ADCAE7FD562FF1C7F2C4960AD" type="Zenodo-Dep">10405215</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="EB2BCB57F8F15600BBCDAC166DCCCFB4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="219300204" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:13ADD49A-3E0A-45B6-9889-22AB94EB40D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB2BCB57F8F15600BBCDAC166DCCCFB4" lastPageNumber="1031" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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<subSubSection id="08F8981A5966EE90D7B8E67FBD23D415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1138EFAD2189491AE0A38E07507D94C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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<taxonomicName id="9B1651C97973748CF33801033B26FCD9" LSID="https://zoobank.org/13ADD49A-3E0A-45B6-9889-22AB94EB40D4" authority="Polašek & de Beer" authorityName="Polasek & de Beer" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ropalidia jemmae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jemmae" status="sp. nov.">
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Ropalidia jemmae
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<normalizedToken id="4EFD839A00B8F2E37A7D592EF4C0FCE4" originalValue="Polašek">Polasek</normalizedToken>
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& de Beer
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="60C44693940E2A5B971EA95B009A1830" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C9B823CABCF01AC3D461C25BF46AC3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="description">
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<paragraph id="379349D89061BF08F0EF96CB557FA2B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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<figureCitation id="AFE0DF14AD9D53F5676DBA094358AC55" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Figs 1-5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6539EFA6898038B95BF5D7FC6DFD85DE" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">, holotype labels Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5D8F0CACD0EF57C9DF7BF16C08435686" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A507827A1F2CA3E982DE68AD7CCCEA5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="22A4301C57D4632DE7770EBD835570BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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<materialsCitation id="8913BABE667598F0BE4CA4DC37926104" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis id="DCF45C73FE8D3ECB8F7FE9B8058059EB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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<typeStatus id="CD96B13E57681C2416FE1DC68B2A31DF" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<normalizedToken id="84C00195B74E2F6FF9FA6DFF8C018BDB" originalValue="“Ankafobe/Ambohitantely”">"Ankafobe/Ambohitantely"</normalizedToken>
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,
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<specimenCount id="55B253FA2848F858EF6BF677A39E868E" count="1" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3539FF1F9F1C53E79778D6F299467C42" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<emphasis id="B4F8F11E0FAAABAE15D06059D02E255C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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<typeStatus id="A345ED9083163DA23635F74F6044B578" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: the same location as the holotype,
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<specimenCount id="294616159154881EF5DF1B64B5F385E5" count="2" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
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. The nest from the same series also has an additional label "5. 52/(RP)", [nest A] (all in MSNV)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="15259001FC0EB2635974F0113C4A4540" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="observation data">
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<paragraph id="F49B5BA1762302887FFFA78CFED40110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Observation data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F009178E0D6C1F512972802FE076B3D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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Ankafobe [
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<geoCoordinate id="1839A7364EF15FCA7B9AA2B4DC6A0B08" degrees="18.10492" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.10492">-18.10492</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="770C2D2C64715BDD4B1AD5BBAAAA7B38" degrees="47.187227" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.187225">47.187227</geoCoordinate>
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], 27 Oct 2022 and 10 Nov 2022, 2♀♀ and a nest [nest B], obs. Len de Beer [https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/141686572, https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/140282514].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AB6689DF44BFE3FE6B911B64F5FD3A74" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F741F6821D22E7BA6A9751A7C910ADFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="643A7C2DAED399EF643A924FE50CE3DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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This species is characterized by the combination of the following characters: T1 shape streamlined, propodeal excavation impunctate, black basal colour and variably expressed whitish-green markings on the head and mesosoma, green markings only on coxa II, widened posterior yellow-green bands on T1 and T2, and overall longer pilosity.
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<emphasis id="A2347C4167DFDB1A2468672887512080" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Wing length</emphasis>
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: 7.9 [7.8-8.0] mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="27DB38A3E76E830317D5EE9599797A00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="description">
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<paragraph id="960BB5749B2891CEE37C601DF0FE05B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="648637A2264C43DCA70E9D7223A6CB35" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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<emphasis id="C4351C81EB8B9E5067580B68E44B7262" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
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Female.
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<emphasis id="9D4B01BCFE5ED0F232D3576B27C52B29" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Colour</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Basal body colour black (Figs
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<figureCitation id="31932E01324377C2A422657A2B4ADF25" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="75F2A13E63F2567F17D1B1D944D7E0A1" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</figureCitation>
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). Head black, with green line in apical fourth of clypeus (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B67A65C3F084A4C3C445C2E58635B5E1" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</figureCitation>
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). Interantennal area and inner orbits with faint green markings, mandible with basal green spot (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="69A7D3DA21A373940819A3C80259F5A3" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</figureCitation>
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). Gena and tempora suffused brown-green (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="509F59A951392F88D06604F1F4280825" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
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). Antennal scape, pedicel and AF1 green ventrally, flagellum dorsally black, remaining flagellomeres ventrally orange (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="238C0172AA44C4EAEDAB8B8A1CF5062A" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum suffused green, with stronger green hue close to carina; inferior angle darker; mesonotum without green markings (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="1272607CB7BB75778B540D57703ADDCA" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</figureCitation>
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). Suffused green spot high on mesopleuron, posterior third of tegula green (Figs
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<figureCitation id="5414D13B65AE0194C312F2C389545AFD" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D5C6DB8BB404612F728EBCEC7756B03B" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</figureCitation>
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). Scutellum with two green spots; metanotum with two green spots that have stronger margins than those on scutellum (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E04076101D8DEA950F17BA032231A19E" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">4</figureCitation>
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). Propodeum black (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="2ED45C06A14D6FF43064465AEBC38359" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">4</figureCitation>
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). Coxa I and III black, coxa II with lateral green quadrant (very faint in one specimen). Femora black with elongated or circular green spot near distal margin on femora II and III. Tibia with two shades of green; tarsi green, distally light brown (Figs
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<figureCitation id="879F0B1B6F1E8E5EF08794DD3699D270" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5C881D22742C23770CA2DDE22B5F4D11" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</figureCitation>
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). Wings translucent, with some yellowing anteriorly; nervature yellow to brown, stigma yellowish and translucent, apical spot faintly developed in anterior third of marginal cell (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="5E3299B266DDA129E70AFF876D6215F1" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
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). T1 with posterior yellow band that occupies about half of the total surface, thin connecting green suffused area and a dorsal remaining black diamond-shaped area (one paratype has mainly black T1, with thin remaining green band). T2 with posterior widened band, characterized by two larger attached areas and two remaining spots in basal colour near posterior margin, located close to T2/S2 suture (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="332E8C007D1BC10928D60F116D909C88" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
|
||
; band substantially reduced in one paratype, shown in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B717A187AB2BEB40C61616F7B2D8BA1E" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). This pattern extends on S2 as short and smaller yellow-green spot, integrated with posterior band (very reduced in one specimen). Remaining terga and sterna in basal colour or somewhat brownish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3E66D65624757F319529418FBDE8B1F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="5D153C0DDAEA0E227EEDFC8F25968900" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="977AB8DFE4F282A58AC735DB287D7813" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Head frontally 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D0609457838C43ECAA74459A49CDF03F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as wide as high; clypeus 1.15
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CCC158CA1EB32D81D9AE5908D02FD34E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as wide as long (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="35EA342E050A218EAEB3AE40379C1152" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeal base elongated, lateral margins parallel, juxtamandibular lobe moderately developed, apex pointy and projecting (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2CFB068D09844BA558E38320ECF71050" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus surface with basal sculpture and evenly spaced and well-defined small punctures, obscured by pubescence; punctures on apex coarser and converting into poorly defined craters (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD85AB3F5E05E9721D9A7C3C7894B255" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frons with dense, moderately sized and comparatively shallow punctures, vertex behind ocelli with diminishing punctures, area close to occipital carina impunctate and shiny. Gena and tempora with equally sized, but shallower punctures. Gena posteriorly 0.6-0.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6AB646B3B4ABB1ED36217C77D355C049" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as wide as eye, mainly parallel to posterior eye margin; occipital carina complete, reaches mandible. Clypeus and frons covered by dense and straight silvery-yellowish pubescence and yellowish protruding setae, about equally long as forward ocellus diameter (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="78BCA181F3BA74C0D1485F01CD4DE27D" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Compound eyes setose (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="85FB2436985DA5C19C1C8526BE4E7BC4" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ocellar triangle equidistant; distance between lateral ocelli about 0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EF0D6B4389E66F58EC44544F793D5F39" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of ocelli-eye distance. Scape equally long as AF1, AF1 equally long as AF2+3+4, AF2 about 1.4-1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AD2429C0C4F8586EA39E863578170BD3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E119DEC2EF8AE3F34183386CCD3E613C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="E9630E2884FCBD24EB52E1C9A06C32E9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="42988DBFD99BCF38459BEE6FF775F40C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Mesosoma about 1.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3813D99BE4B7F03714FEE2BD467E3B2C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide in dorsal view, mesonotum 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4DFDB8DEB17AADEA9D59B4064160E572" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DA7C270BE099C39B9D54694F7C450DDD" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head wider than pronotal carina width (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5EDE1C901CF335710165AC1CFD68B7F3" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotal carina developed as translucent rim, twice wider dorsally than laterally; entire pronotum covered by shallow and very dense punctures separated from each other by their diameter; inferior pronotal corner with increasingly larger punctures (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="612C4FB673069DFA1AB936FF75FEF5E4" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesonotum punctures less dense and shallow, somewhat denser close to scutellum. Mesopleuron densely punctate. Metapleuron shiny, with an occasional very weak punctum that can only be visualized in specimen rotation. Scutellum densely punctate, with shallower punctures than those on mesonotum. Median scutellar carina developed and thin, reaches about half of scutellar length. Metanotum dorsally punctate, with shiny impunctate posterior triangle with small projecting area towards propodeum. Propodeal excavation shallow, without strong carina; upper half with cuticular surface, lower with minute striae; entire propodeal excavation completely impunctate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2DF091FECD2BACB88D68B25FC6E607D2" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Entire mesosoma covered by silvery-yellowish pubescence and some protruding setae; setae on dorsal side of pronotum silvery, those on mesonotum yellowish. Propodeal excavation covered by longer silvery setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4ED4564AE208A713A45098E7465DFD5A" doi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" start="Figures 1–6" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph id="0FCDAA31E574C34A3A1F5A812BD061F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="BE551B39F4B0DD1416D15BA310871A5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Figures 1-6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="98508818E44C4787137B7A9EA2397696" lsidName="R. jemmae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" rank="species" species="jemmae">
|
||
<emphasis id="147B03C1D9948E93DDFECF0E26D45BA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">R. jemmae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., female, habitus
|
||
<emphasis id="19609F3D09C479AE54886B6E4187D934" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="DE468DEEF68F64BB4918DE8E32D8D5C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="0720B1C14EC841E3A8AB6303D6536825" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">3</emphasis>
|
||
head in frontal view
|
||
<emphasis id="4C9120358030E12571C5C3F0416C4180" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">4</emphasis>
|
||
propodeal excavation
|
||
<emphasis id="A6D1DDE7708E2C5DF3489ED8A11C87EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">5</emphasis>
|
||
distal margin of T2
|
||
<emphasis id="9AA9526F352CF11E23D6C0365F178530" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">6</emphasis>
|
||
label of the holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E7F164F6B6899717D2F88B21B02E134" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="288D3F1AB9FB52D7A43E6E1F8FDF3BE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="40A2FE0C8DDEED44C3D11FBE7D552819" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
T1 pyriform and elongated, with developed dorsal part, but not globular in shape; posterior sulcus very weak (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="A106DDB7D8F58DDD853B916753803F90" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="8B552B9073F52BA5FF54359CAF72464E" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). T1 shallowly punctate, punctures poorly defined. T2 shiny, with shallow, dense and small punctures, covered by silvery pubescence and longer silvery-yellowish protruding setae that extend well over lamella (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="77722271C822AE85C994FAABAD8D19CD" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). T2 somewhat shorter than S2, visible in dorsally oblique lamella (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="ABE83B5C90DB733F9E42335DB66276CF" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. R. jemmae sp. nov., female, habitus 1 lateral view 2 dorsal view 3 head in frontal view 4 propodeal excavation 5 distal margin of T 2 6 label of the holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Remaining metasomal segments with weakly developed punctures and pubescence longer than that on T2 and S2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C3BF2B70CC16F93A43C66F967B230443" doi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" start="Figures 7–12" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="A056A216D80FE9379BF16FD3B1C376CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D15343B08AE698C740C1FF098D6B67" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Figures 7-12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58D945E2805AB9A35D3B79FB27C19F4D" lsidName="R. jemmae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" rank="species" species="jemmae">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB8EB882F716663C15805E6DFCAB9AFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">R. jemmae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. nest
|
||
<emphasis id="91F199B208B2F924086D56D6A5973B61" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">7</emphasis>
|
||
nest B, in situ, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="C6EFBE478ED7F1F143758525539B4439" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">8</emphasis>
|
||
with wasps
|
||
<emphasis id="1FF2B47240AC9E4CDBBBED4C428E0F15" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">9</emphasis>
|
||
nest A, cell openings
|
||
<emphasis id="4100814F68A555EEBC8DBF727260ECB0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">10</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="E77CD03EB18C1CBA5828B662AD5BBD9C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">11</emphasis>
|
||
outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard)
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F23B1A441BAE6BD189B44C74B364B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">12</emphasis>
|
||
greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="39762D5C986828462E47CF8638613F29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BBBB6713D78D4E522167839380023F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Males</emphasis>
|
||
are unknown (two more pre-hatching larvae were recovered from the cocoons of nest A, macerated and examined, but both were females). Notably, at least one male was observed on nest B (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="663F1725376BCB7C433FEE6B65C02E20" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">8</figureCitation>
|
||
), with entirely yellow clypeus. However, in the absence of the specimen, the male remains undescribed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="961363AAF5B05AF75B6A701169BF9A35" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="similar species">
|
||
<paragraph id="21348997C29D0A5E97A4833057407E8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Similar species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F7D565C131C0D8F2CE43E24B79CC3C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
Several Malagasy species have a similar morphology and a general colour pattern. In order to provide sufficient support to separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="042E64969C84923C93913FB17BCD879E" lsidName="R. jemmae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" rank="species" species="jemmae">
|
||
<emphasis id="0A88A0A84D23EE86E5F1FC9251F05141" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">R. jemmae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. from previously described species, a partial key is provided here. The key is designed to separate the four similar species from others (key couplet 1). The key couplet 2 can be treated as 25b in the previous key to Malagasy species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F883F4D902C35B755F62606FAF3C5D2F" author="Giordani Soika, A" journalOrPublisher="Lavori Societa Veneziana di Scienze Naturali" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" pagination="79 - 90" refId="B6" refString="Giordani Soika, A, 1991. Vespoidei raccolti da L. A. NILSSON nel Madagascar con una tabella per determinazione delle Ropalidia del Madagascar (Hymenoptera Vespoidea). Lavori Societa Veneziana di Scienze Naturali 16: 79 - 90" title="Vespoidei raccolti da L. A. NILSSON nel Madagascar con una tabella per determinazione delle Ropalidia del Madagascar (Hymenoptera Vespoidea)." volume="16" year="1991">Giordani Soika 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4AAB4E98E05135BF5D7302F1764F11AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="nest">
|
||
<paragraph id="52D33093311397FD011AD75A64DE3B3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Nest.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="70C6ABC9119E430F5B71FDC561D048E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
The nest is the single most interesting feature of this species, with unique architecture in the entire genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9453465F20093F0864FE0D158C25E019" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ropalidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ropalidia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6CD812F12C06B481BD8D2402AEADCFA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Ropalidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Instead of the cell openings oriented outwardly, the nests
|
||
<emphasis id="AA171DD1E6162BE624365A4A702A4C8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E1259180C1BAA43C3F53AA044FE3C96" lsidName="R. jemmae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" rank="species" species="jemmae">R. jemmae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp. nov. are inverted, with the cell openings oriented towards the nesting surface and the cell bottoms oriented outwardly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5DB3817663F0F9177510E44A961C30CE" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The loosely built cell bottoms thus correspond to the rugged texture of the tree bark or the lichen and provide excellent concealment of the nest (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1DA7A78AD98E20CD50F06B37E0027DDA" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">8</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition, the nest is built with greenish-grey material, mostly homogenous, without streaks of different colours integrated into the cell walls, which are common in some other species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="69512B8FC08BD6EDB6F74D38D3B2BED3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
The first examined nest, nest A, has a total of 43 cells, arranged in the 7*9 cells maximum. The nest is somewhat elongated, with six enclosed cells (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3AEA93832A8D827FCA0D6DE2B6F489C6" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">9</figureCitation>
|
||
). The paper structure is brittle, visible in several collapsed cells (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9985B5061444D43699A1D53633737C8E" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Approximately 50%-75% of the cell length overlap between the cell rows (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F522519625B5B559C5CE186A7DD39684" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). The stalk of the same nest is also inverted, suggesting attachment on the cell openings side (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="65D0E26A950348D85CE2ABB2B3A8771B" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). The outer (bottom-exposed) side of the cells has a very textured surface with numerous arches, which do not reflect the cell wall structure but are located much more densely, providing a heavily textured outer surface (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="79D09BCE2C2667A441B2900BCD3A1AAE" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">11</figureCitation>
|
||
). The greater magnification shows no elongated fibres, but only clumps of heavily masticated and mostly rounded chips (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1FB41801553643AF1F887C2A576FD502" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="02F549F91C3927420DA09411A968F73B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
The second, nest B, was only observed
|
||
<emphasis id="62815090489598708962FEED7087C542" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="022882F30B9F82E75BE52F3C3D061CF3" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="58FD976744DD6C6E54667D61304C7773" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The nest was on the tree trunk, 1.3 m above the ground. The nest colour and shape resemble the nearby greyish-green lichen patch (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="880915B007F822AF7EB8C9260D9EBB8E" captionStart="Figures 7–12" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 7 - 12. R. jemmae sp. nov. nest 7 nest B, in situ, lateral view 8 with wasps 9 nest A, cell openings 10 lateral view 11 outer view (notably, the spot in the middle is the glue that connected the nest to the underlying cardboard) 12 greater magnification, showing a brittle paper structure." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.96.103379.figures7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/944487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5DE5EB1E37BC348A1E232CCB4EBAE14" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">
|
||
In comparison, the nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C124B0C692ECC7748CEB2A407C9BBFC" lsidName="R. ranavali" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" rank="species" species="ranavali">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4FF731462D3791C6061A0B17EC6AB6D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">R. ranavali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are elongated with a pointy tip, suspended from similarly coloured branches (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/63188743, https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/9173358). The nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69EE23EA94E6EE93D8482CC04CB4214E" lsidName="R. venustula" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" rank="species" species="venustula">
|
||
<emphasis id="22A0C34CCE6FA094945A7E36495808BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">R. venustula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF312B75897296E93644D5F729766174" lsidName="R. scottiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" rank="species" species="scottiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="12AC26C324A203824A397456495C25DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">R. scottiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E136CCBC48C23B5B5656119045789189" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7DD3E8D5DDE8A58018357027990F91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5ADDFBF18641D002213189EC4A972ACC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">The name is given after Jemma de Beer, who participated in the nest B discovery.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2F92E3DB5DFBDC1DCAF2A039AEB097F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="60DBF1AB1BFAA53B68B016822FA650E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="97CCD99C72B50499D3F9D3AA60543EA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1031">All the examined specimens and observations originated from a narrow area (of no more than 16 km of distance) in central Madagascar near Ankafobe, at the edge of the Ambohitantely forest.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |