208 lines
27 KiB
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208 lines
27 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2FF52A3BE12A76334456CFBC6529A172">Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE688FBC5C065" blockId="60.[151,1026,767,829]" box="[151,1026,767,793]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE688FBC5C065" authority="(Jorgensen, 1905) Kurihara and Matsuoka, 2010" authorityName="Jorgensen, Kurihara and Matsuoka" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Jorgensen" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,1026,767,793]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE688FE5CC065" box="[151,411,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lophophaena laticeps</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC474EAE688FBC5C065" bold="true" box="[418,1026,767,793]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC474E2E688FDB1C065" author="Jorgensen, E." box="[426,630,767,793]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="114 - 141" refId="ref90366" refString="Jorgensen, E. (1905) The protist plankton and the diatoms in bottom samples. VII. Radiolaria. In: Nordgaard, O. (Ed.), Hydrographical and Biological investigations in Norwegian Fiords. Bergen Museum Skrifter, Bergen, pp. 114 - 141." type="book chapter" year="1905">Jørgensen, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC477CEE688FBC5C065" author="Kurihara, T. & Matsuoka, A." box="[646,1026,767,793]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="83 - 92" refId="ref90877" refString="Kurihara, T. & Matsuoka, A. (2010) Living radiolarian fauna of late autumn (November 13, 2008) in surface-subsurface waters of the Japan Sea off Tassha, Sado Island, central Japan. Scientific Report, Niigata University, Geology, 25, 83 - 92." type="journal article" year="2010">Kurihara and Matsuoka, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFAFFFC475DFE754FE50C041" box="[151,407,803,829]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE754FE50C041" blockId="60.[151,1026,767,829]" box="[151,407,803,829]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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Plate 23,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFAFFFC47448E754FEA5C041" box="[256,354,803,829]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,737,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-139@15.[151,1436,736,1440]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorallium calvata (Haeckel, 1887) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544070/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
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–
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFAFFFC4743BE754FE55C041" box="[371,402,803,829]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,562,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-182@18.[164,1422,561,1294]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorys umbellifera (Haeckel, 1862) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544072/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">7B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFAFFFC475DFE710FC6BC74B" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE710FD30C0FC" blockId="60.[151,940,871,1080]" box="[151,759,871,896]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE710FEA9C003" authorityName="Jorgensen" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,366,871,895]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE710FEA9C003" box="[151,366,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lithomelissa laticeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFAFFFC4743CE71FFE6BC003" box="[372,428,872,895]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC474FFE71FFD99C003" author="Jorgensen, E." box="[439,606,871,896]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="114 - 141" refId="ref90366" refString="Jorgensen, E. (1905) The protist plankton and the diatoms in bottom samples. VII. Radiolaria. In: Nordgaard, O. (Ed.), Hydrographical and Biological investigations in Norwegian Fiords. Bergen Museum Skrifter, Bergen, pp. 114 - 141." type="book chapter" year="1905">Jørgensen, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 16, fig. 84.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE7F1FCF3C0E2" blockId="60.[151,940,871,1080]" box="[151,820,902,927]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE7F1FD45C0E2" authority="Jorgensen, Schroder, 1914" authorityName="Jorgensen, Schroder" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,642,902,927]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps">
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||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE7F1FEA9C0E2" box="[151,366,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lithomelissa laticeps</emphasis>
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||
Jørgensen,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC474AEE7F1FD45C0E2" author="Schroder, O." box="[486,642,902,926]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref95149" refString="Schroder, O. (1914) Die nordischen Nassellarian. In: Brandt, K. & Apstein, C. (Eds.), Nordisches Plankton. Vol. 17. Verlag von Lipsius und Tischer, Kiel und Leipzig, pp. 67 - 146. [in German]" type="book" year="1914">Schröder, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, text-figs. 58–59.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE7D2FCFAC0C1" blockId="60.[151,940,871,1080]" box="[151,829,933,957]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE7D2FDB4C0C1" authority="Jorgensen, Benson, 1966" authorityName="Jorgensen, Benson" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,627,933,957]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps">
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||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE7D2FEA9C0C1" box="[151,366,933,957]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lithomelissa laticeps</emphasis>
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||
Jørgensen,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC474AEE7D2FDB4C0C1" author="Benson, R. N." box="[486,627,933,957]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref85564" refString="Benson, R. N. (1966) Recent Radiolaria from the Gulf of California. PhD dissertation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 577 pp." type="book" year="1966">Benson, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 24, figs. 14–15.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE7B3FCA8C0A0" blockId="60.[151,940,871,1080]" box="[151,879,963,988]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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||
non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC4758CE7B3FD24C0A7" authority="Jorgensen, Petrushevskaya, 1975" authorityName="Jorgensen, Petrushevskaya" authorityYear="1975" box="[196,739,963,988]" family="Lophophaenidae" genus="Botryopera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Sarcomastigophora" rank="species" species="laticeps">
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||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC4758CE7B3FE4BC0A7" box="[196,396,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Botryopera laticeps</emphasis>
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||
Jørgensen,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC4774CE7B4FD24C0A7" author="Petrushevskaya, M. G." box="[516,739,963,987]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref93509" refString="Petrushevskaya, M. G. (1975) Cenozoic radiolarians of the Antarctic, Leg 29, DSDP. In: Kennet, J. P., Houtz, R. E., Andrews, P. B., Edwards, A. R., Gostin, V. A., Hajos, M., Hampton, M. A., Jenkins, D. G., Margolis, S. V., Ovenshine, A. T. & Perch- Nielsen, K., Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Vol. 29. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 541 - 675. https: // doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 29.114.1975" type="book" year="1975">Petrushevskaya, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 20, fig. 3.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE795FD34C086" blockId="60.[151,940,871,1080]" box="[151,755,994,1019]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE795FDB4C086" authority="Jorgensen, Benson, 1983" authorityName="Jorgensen, Benson" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,627,994,1019]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE795FEA9C086" box="[151,366,994,1018]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lithomelissa laticeps</emphasis>
|
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Jørgensen,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC474AEE794FDB4C086" author="Benson, R. N." box="[486,627,994,1018]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="65" refId="ref85593" refString="Benson, R. N. (1983) Quaternary radiolarians from the mouth of the Gulf of California, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 65. In: Lewis, B. T. R., Robinson, P. T., Benson, R. N., Blackinton, G., Cambon, P., Day, R., Duennebier, F., Flower, M. F. J., Gutierrez-Estrada, M., Hattner, J. G., Kudo, A. M., Morrison, M. A., Rangin, C., Salisbury, M. H., Schmincke, H. U., Stephen, R. & Zolotarev, B. P., Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Vol. 65. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 491 - 523. https: // doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 65.123.1983" type="book chapter" year="1983">Benson, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 9, fig. 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE076FCBDC765" blockId="60.[151,940,871,1080]" box="[151,890,1025,1049]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE076FCE7C765" authority="Jorgensen, Kurihara and Matsuoka, 2010" authorityName="Jorgensen, Kurihara and Matsuoka" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Jorgensen" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,800,1025,1049]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE076FEBFC765" box="[151,376,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lophophaena laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
Jørgensen,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC474A7E076FCE7C765" author="Kurihara, T. & Matsuoka, A." box="[495,800,1025,1049]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="83 - 92" refId="ref90877" refString="Kurihara, T. & Matsuoka, A. (2010) Living radiolarian fauna of late autumn (November 13, 2008) in surface-subsurface waters of the Japan Sea off Tassha, Sado Island, central Japan. Scientific Report, Niigata University, Geology, 25, 83 - 92." type="journal article" year="2010">Kurihara and Matsuoka, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 3.7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE068FC6BC74B" blockId="60.[151,940,871,1080]" box="[151,940,1055,1080]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE068FD04C744" authority="Jorgensen, Trubovitz et al., 2020" authorityName="Jorgensen, Trubovitz" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,707,1055,1080]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE068FEA9C74B" box="[151,366,1055,1079]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lithomelissa laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
Jørgensen,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC474ADE068FD04C744" author="Trubovitz, S. & Lazarus, D. & Renaudie, J. & Noble, P. J." box="[485,707,1055,1080]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref96304" refString="Trubovitz, S., Lazarus, D., Renaudie, J. & Noble, P. J. (2020) Marine plankton show threshold extinction response to Neogene climate change. Nature Communications, 11 (5069), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41467 - 020 - 18879 - 7" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Trubovitz
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC47707E057FD40C74B" box="[591,647,1055,1079]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, supplementary data 7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFAFFFC475DFE011FC67C5E0" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC475DFE011FDA1C66C" blockId="60.[151,1437,1126,1728]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE011FECCC7FC" bold="true" box="[151,267,1126,1152]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was originally described under the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC4763DE011FBC3C7FC" authorityName=", Nishimura" authorityYear="1990" box="[885,1028,1126,1152]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC4763DE011FBC3C7FC" box="[885,1028,1126,1152]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lithomelissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it does not have an apical spine passing freely through the cephalis and thus does not satisfy modern usage of this genus definition.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC47040E0FDFE91C7B4" author="Kurihara, T. & Matsuoka, A." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="83 - 92" refId="ref90877" refString="Kurihara, T. & Matsuoka, A. (2010) Living radiolarian fauna of late autumn (November 13, 2008) in surface-subsurface waters of the Japan Sea off Tassha, Sado Island, central Japan. Scientific Report, Niigata University, Geology, 25, 83 - 92." type="journal article" year="2010">Kurihara and Matsuoka (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed this species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC47777E0D9FD1EC7B4" authorityName="Ehrenberg, 1847 emend. Petrushevskaya" authorityYear="1971" box="[575,729,1198,1224]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC47777E0D9FD1EC7B4" box="[575,729,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lophophaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but did not discuss the genus transfer. We agree that this species best fits the definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC474E3E0A5FD82C790" authorityName="Ehrenberg, 1847 emend. Petrushevskaya" authorityYear="1971" box="[427,581,1234,1260]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC474E3E0A5FD82C790" box="[427,581,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lophophaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because the cephalis is relatively high with maximum width near the top, and the apical spine runs along the shell wall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC4758FE16DFC67C5E0" blockId="60.[151,1437,1126,1728]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
This species could be closely related to some morphotypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC476D3E16DFB4EC648" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[923,1161,1306,1332]" class="Polycystina" family="Pterocorythidae" genus="Stichopilium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="bicorne">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC476D3E16DFB4EC648" box="[923,1161,1306,1332]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Stichopilium bicorne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the notoriously cryptic group that is characterized by two strong spines running along opposite sides of the cephalis and has a wide variety of thorax shapes and sizes. In this paper, Plate 23,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFAFFFC47786E115FC9AC600" box="[718,861,1378,1404]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1090,1114]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,181,1066]" captionTargetId="figure-22@24.[177,1411,181,1066]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 8. Internal skeletal structure of Botryopera amabie n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544074/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs. 8A–8B</figureCitation>
|
||
illustrate one such morphotype that is often identified (sometimes tentatively) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC474BCE1F1FD1AC6DC" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[500,733,1414,1440]" class="Polycystina" family="Pterocorythidae" genus="Stichopilium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="bicorne">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC474BCE1F1FD1AC6DC" box="[500,733,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Stichopilium bicorne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the literature (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFAFFFC4769AE1F1FBABC6DC" author="Lazarus, D." box="[978,1132,1414,1440]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="120" refId="ref91160" refString="Lazarus, D. (1992) Antarctic Neogene radiolarians from the Kerguelen Plateau, Legs 119 and 120. In: Wise, S. W. Jr., Schlich, R., Julson, A. A. P., Aubry, M. P., Berggren, W. A., Bitschene, P. R., Blackburn, N. A., Breza, J., Coffin, M. F., Harwood, D. M., Heider, F., Holmes, M. A., Howard, W. R., Inokuchi, H., Kelts, K., Lazarus, D. B., Mackensen, A., Maruyama, T., Munschy, M., Pratson, E., Quilty, P. G., Rack, F., Salters, V. J. M., Sevigny, J. H., Storey, M., Takemura, A., Watkins, D. K., Whitechurch, H. & Zachos, J., Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. Vol. 120. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., pp. 785 - 809. https: // doi. org / 10.2973 / odp. proc. sr. 120.192.1992" type="book chapter" year="1992">Lazarus 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 9, fig. 14). Comparison of this morphotype with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC474E7E1DDFD6FC6B8" authorityName="Jorgensen, Kurihara and Matsuoka" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Jorgensen" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[431,680,1450,1476]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC474E7E1DDFD6FC6B8" box="[431,680,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Lophophaena laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pl. 23,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFAFFFC47641E1DDFCABC6B8" box="[777,876,1450,1476]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,737,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-139@15.[151,1436,736,1440]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorallium calvata (Haeckel, 1887) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544070/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
–
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFAFFFC47633E1DDFC5CC6B8" box="[891,923,1450,1476]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,562,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-182@18.[164,1422,561,1294]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorys umbellifera (Haeckel, 1862) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544072/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
) yields some striking similarities, such as the structure of the cephalis and pronounced lobe on the dorsal side of the neck area, suggesting a possible link between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC475DFE185FE42C570" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,389,1522,1548]" class="Polycystina" family="Pterocorythidae" genus="Stichopilium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="bicorne">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC475DFE185FE42C570" box="[151,389,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Stichopilium bicorne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the lophophaenids. However, even the most lophophaenid-like morphotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFAFFFC47005E185FEF9C54C" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" class="Polycystina" family="Pterocorythidae" genus="Stichopilium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="bicorne">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC47005E185FEF9C54C" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Stichopilium bicorne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
figured in pl. 23, figs. 8A–B, differs in that it has a more reduced cephalis with relatively longer cephalic horns, lacks buttressing of the cephalic horns, and has a proportionally larger lobe in the neck region. Thus, we are not suggesting these specimens are conspecific, but rather that they could have an evolutionary relationship that justifies further study to potentially resolve this enigmatic group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFAFFFC4758FE2D1FDB0C5BC" box="[199,631,1702,1728]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFAFFFC4758FE2D1FDB0C5BC" blockId="60.[151,1437,1126,1728]" box="[199,631,1702,1728]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFAFFFC4758FE2D1FEDDC5BC" bold="true" box="[199,282,1702,1728]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Early Pliocene, EEP (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E2EBFDFFAFFFC4775BE2D1FDA1C5BC" box="[531,614,1702,1728]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="84.[151,248,834,860]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="TABLE 1. Occurrence chart of Late Neogene–Recent lophophaenids in the EEP." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" tableUuid="DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |