209 lines
23 KiB
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209 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="23C7FFA3F83D583BB0EC575994370618">Effect of Monochamus galloprovincialis feeding on Pinus pinaster and Pinus pinea, oleoresin and insect volatiles</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ADEF94A3B6DA1A6EF53A7A2B06791834">Gonçalves, Elsa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="54FCE40C2A2CFA4467D292D97FC73034">∗ & Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM Lisboa), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), Centro de Biotecnologia Vegetal (CBV),</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CF84B56E9578D8FBE9C19F5DE2146026">Figueiredo, A. Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D3D999B2B993AD32EEFAB762B9C06E50">Barroso, José G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8EF469CE14DE957193AC12A3D3558995">Henriques, Joana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BEC2A55079A06D99E1539115E06F95D6">Sousa, Edmundo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="40FE54957CBCDCB029BB46C0DF8B0C5A">Bonifácio, Luís</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BB199009255B0FA70B04FC98D4D65936">Phytochemistry</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EEEDBA28FA3031D1FBF1BCE56FBD4972">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="1CC6590157601340AA0CFE1665B806D4" type="DOI">10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112159</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B7520FF663FFEBFC99E99FFCB8967D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7520FF663FFEBFC99E99FFCB8967D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7520FF663FFEBFC99E99FFCB8967D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C304B092F663FFE8FC99E99FFC6C9464" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1E319F663FFE8FC99E99FFC6C9464" blockId="5.[818,1487,1526,1545]" lastBlockId="5.[818,943,1554,1573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0E95475F663FFE8FC99E99FFA0C9448" bold="true" box="[818,1487,1526,1545]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF663FFE8FC99E99FFA0C9448" bold="true" box="[818,1487,1526,1545]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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2.5. Volatiles collected from
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF663FFE8FB9FE99FFA839448" ID-CoL="445TC" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[1076,1344,1526,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">Monochamus galloprovincialis</taxonomicName>
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after feeding on
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</emphasis>
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<heading id="D0E95475F663FFE8FC99EA7BFC6C9464" box="[818,943,1554,1573]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF663FFE8FC99EA7BFC6C9464" ID-CoL="77KSH" ID-ENA="71647" authority="Aiton" box="[818,943,1554,1573]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinaster">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF663FFE8FC99EA7BFC6C9464" bold="true" box="[818,943,1554,1573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pinus pinaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C304B092F663FFEBFCF8EA23FCB8967D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA1E319F663FFEBFCF8EA23FF3491D4" blockId="5.[818,1487,1610,1992]" lastBlockId="6.[100,770,842,1224]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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To determine which compounds from the blend of tree volatiles can be found in the insect after feeding, the insect volatiles were also determined. Although the SPME wipe sampling of the insect cuticle has been used for determination of insect cuticular hydrocarbons (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8F9EE8F663FFE8FA38EAF4FBC7948D" author="Ginzel, M. D. & Blomquist, G. J." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="221 - 252" refId="ref11034" refString="Ginzel, M. D., Blomquist, G. J., 2016. Insect hydrocarbons: biochemistry and chemical ecology. In: Cohen, E., Moussian, B. (Eds.), Extracellular Composite Matrices in Arthropods. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 221 - 252." type="book chapter" year="2016">Ginzel and Blomquist, 2016</bibRefCitation>
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), headspace SPME is not the most effective method of collection of trace amounts of volatiles adsorbed to the cuticle. Thus, whole-body extraction with pentane was chosen to evaluate the volatiles from
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF663FFE8FC49EB64FB529561" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[994,1169,1805,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF663FFE8FC49EB64FB529561" bold="true" box="[994,1169,1805,1824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">M. galloprovincialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a whole. The insects were extracted together, without separation of sexes or by the chemotype of tree they had fed upon. The resulting pentane extracts were complex mixtures in which 48 components were identified, representing ≥72% of the total volatiles. The identified components are listed in
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<tableCitation id="C69CD6A2F663FFE8FADBEB15FA7495CE" box="[1392,1463,1916,1935]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="8.[100,150,161,177]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 5 Composition of the pentane extracted volatiles from Monochamus galloprovincialis after feeding on Pinus pinaster. The average percentage is given for each component from the 29 insects analysed." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Table
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<quantity id="4CE64EFCF663FFE8FA00EB15FA7495CE" box="[1451,1463,1916,1935]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="5.0">5</quantity>
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</tableCitation>
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in order of their elution on the DB-1 column, arranged according to the lowest and the highest percentages found for each component. α-Pinene (1–8%), β-pinene (1–7%), and abietic acid (traces-17%) were the phytochemicals detected in the extracts of beetles which had fed on the host pine trees.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF61B391F660FFEBFFCFEE98FEBB915D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8293577" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8293577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8293577/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[100,130,753,770]" targetBox="[352,1228,171,717]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BA1E319F660FFEBFFCFEE98FEBB915D" blockId="6.[100,1487,753,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFFCFEE98FF5E9143" bold="true" box="[100,157,753,770]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
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Relation of the number of wounded
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFE73EE9BFDF79142" box="[472,564,754,771]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinea">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFE73EE9BFDF79142" bold="true" box="[472,564,754,771]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pinus pinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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trees, after
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFD31EE98FC489143" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[666,907,753,770]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFD31EE98FC489143" bold="true" box="[666,907,753,770]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Monochamus galloprovincialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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feeding, the average number of wounds per tree, and wound length and width. Bars: standard error.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BA1E319F660FFEBFF2EEFF4FECD9689" blockId="6.[100,770,842,1224]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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The straight-chain
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFE96EFF7FE8B91F0" bold="true" box="[317,328,926,945]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
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-alkanes heptacosane (
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFD88EFF7FDED91F0" bold="true" box="[547,558,926,945]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
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-C27), nonacosane (
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFD5BEFF7FD3891F0" bold="true" box="[752,763,926,945]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
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- C29) (both 4–12%), and pentacosane (
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFE4BEFD3FE28918C" bold="true" box="[480,491,954,973]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
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-C25, 4–9%), along with the methyl-branched hydrocarbons 3-methylnonacosane (3-meC29, 5–8%), 2-methyloctacosane (2-meC28, 4–8%) and 3-methylheptacosane (3- meC27, 3–8%) were among the main components in the extracts. A similar profile was found in parallel studies of extracts of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFD38E840FF6F9616" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFD38E840FF6F9616" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M. galloprovincialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at different stages of development (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8F9EE8F660FFEBFDB3E82CFD379619" author="Goncalves, E. & Figueiredo, A. C. & Barroso, J. G. & Millar, J. G. & Henriques, J. & Sousa, E. & Bonifacio, L." box="[536,756,1093,1112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="2014" refId="ref11141" refString="Goncalves, E., Figueiredo, A. C., Barroso, J. G., Millar, J. G., Henriques, J., Sousa, E., Bonifacio, L., 2019. Volatiles Characterization of Arhopalus syriacus, Monochamus galloprovincialis and Pogonocherus perroudi that Colonize Pinus pinaster in Portugal. Final Report Project PTDC / AGR-FOR / 4391 / 2014." type="journal article" year="2019">Gonçalves et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
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||
). These compounds are typical insect cuticular hydrocarbons, which have dual roles in preventing desiccation while also being used as contact pheromones involved in recognition of species and sex (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8F9EE8F660FFEBFD33E8F1FEC39686" author="Ginzel, M. D. & Blomquist, G. J." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="221 - 252" refId="ref11034" refString="Ginzel, M. D., Blomquist, G. J., 2016. Insect hydrocarbons: biochemistry and chemical ecology. In: Cohen, E., Moussian, B. (Eds.), Extracellular Composite Matrices in Arthropods. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 221 - 252." type="book chapter" year="2016">Ginzel and Blomquist, 2016</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1E319F660FFEBFFCFE892FF3F974F" blockId="6.[100,252,1275,1294]" box="[100,252,1275,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D0E95475F660FFEBFFCFE892FF3F974F" bold="true" box="[100,252,1275,1294]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFFCFE892FF3F974F" bold="true" box="[100,252,1275,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3. Conclusions</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1E319F660FFEBFF2EE95AFF7A9448" blockId="6.[100,771,1331,1992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of how the profile of volatiles emitted by
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFE27E926FE2E9723" box="[396,493,1359,1378]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinaster">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFE27E926FE2E9723" bold="true" box="[396,493,1359,1378]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pinaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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changes after feeding by
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFD42E926FF37973C" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFD42E926FF37973C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M. galloprovincialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the first report of the volatiles emitted from oleoresin exuded from feeding wounds. We also characterized the profile of volatiles associated with the beetles after they had fed on their host trees. For comparison purposes,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFE75E9D7FDE89790" box="[478,555,1470,1489]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinea">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFE75E9D7FDE89790" bold="true" box="[478,555,1470,1489]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was used in parallel control experiments, because unlike
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFE6BE9B3FDDC97AC" box="[448,543,1498,1517]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinaster">
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<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFE6BE9B3FDDC97AC" bold="true" box="[448,543,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pinaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFD87E9B3FDB697AC" box="[556,629,1498,1517]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFD87E9B3FDB697AC" bold="true" box="[556,629,1498,1517]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not affected by
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F7BDCF660FFEBFF29E99FFF779448" box="[130,180,1526,1545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PWD</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1E319F660FFEBFF2EEA7BFDA294D5" blockId="6.[100,771,1331,1992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Whereas most studies on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFE2EEA7BFE259464" box="[389,486,1554,1573]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFE2EEA7BFE769464" bold="true" box="[389,437,1554,1573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pinus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
volatiles and oleoresin have evaluated the constitutive composition using different isolated plant parts (branches, needles, among others), or in lab induced injury, this study aimed to bring together the host and the insect vector of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F7BDCF660FFEBFD1FEA0FFD259438" box="[692,742,1638,1657]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PWD</collectionCode>
|
||
, to evaluate
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFF10EAE8FF3194D5" bold="true" box="[187,242,1665,1684]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
the volatiles induced by insect injury.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1E319F660FFEBFF2EEAF7FA57911C" blockId="6.[100,771,1331,1992]" lastBlockId="6.[818,1487,842,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFF2EEAF7FF2B94F1" box="[133,232,1693,1713]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinaster">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFF2EEAF7FF2B94F1" bold="true" box="[133,232,1693,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pinaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
emitted constitutive volatiles showed the presence of chemotypes and the evaluation of volatiles emitted by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFDCAEAD0FD7C948D" box="[609,703,1721,1740]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinaster">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFDCAEAD0FD7C948D" bold="true" box="[609,703,1721,1740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pinaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
during feeding by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFF7AEABCFE4294A9" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[209,385,1749,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFF7AEABCFE4294A9" bold="true" box="[209,385,1749,1768]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M. galloprovincialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
revealed different patterns of responses according to the tree chemotypes, with the different chemotypes responding in different ways to insect damage. The main compounds involved in the host response should now be tested in bioassays individually and in blends, to determine which compounds or groups of compounds may mediate the attraction of the insect to its host plants. Further studies of tree-insect relationships and their combined relation to genetic expression are also required. Moreover, considering that the chiral components occur in specific enantiomeric ratios in the host plant, the influence of each enantiomer should also be assessed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1E319F660FFEBFCF8EF0FFCB8967D" blockId="6.[818,1487,842,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The studies reported here on the volatiles emitted by host trees attacked by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFC3AEFEBFBFD91D5" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[913,1086,897,917]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFC3AEFEBFBFD91D5" bold="true" box="[913,1086,897,917]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M. galloprovincialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may contribute to the development of new methods of protecting pine forests against
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F7BDCF660FFEBFB78EFF7FAC691F0" box="[1235,1285,926,945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PWD</collectionCode>
|
||
, for example, by development of efficient lures for trapping the insect vector, and particularly, the newly emerged insects which are not yet responsive to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E989AF660FFEBFC99EF98FC229645" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1795" box="[818,993,1009,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Monochamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3F0BF660FFEBFC99EF98FC229645" bold="true" box="[818,993,1009,1028]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M. galloprovincialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
aggregation pheromone. Such methods may help to prevent the infection and death of thousands of pines in southern Europe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |