treatments-xml/data/B5/52/54/B5525419D02BFFFCFF7BFE93FD36FA9B.xml

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<mods:title id="3DD1D431A0A532E28F643D765E7207F1">Gastropods from the Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous seep deposits in Spitsbergen, Svalbard</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF7BFE93FF70FE52" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF7BFE93FDF7FEB3" blockId="11.[151,620,332,391]" box="[151,620,332,358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<heading id="660C5263D02BFFFCFF7BFE93FDF7FEB3" bold="true" box="[151,620,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" reason="1">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF7BFE93FDF7FEB3" bold="true" box="[151,620,332,358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFF7BFE93FD93FEB3" ID-CoL="79QM4" authority="Nakrem, 2017" authorityName="Nakrem" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,520,332,358]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Sassenfjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sassenfjordensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF7BFE93FD93FEB3" bold="true" box="[151,520,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Sassenfjordia sassenfjordensis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="14BC8466D02BFFFCFDE3FE93FDF7FEB3" box="[527,620,332,358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF7BFEB1FF70FE52" blockId="11.[151,620,332,391]" box="[151,235,366,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
(
<figureCitation id="A5C0F98AD02BFFFCFF73FEB1FF78FE52" box="[159,227,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,989,1011]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,967]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,195,967]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sassenfjordia sassenfjordensis sp. nov., holotype (PMO 217.512), Seep deposit # 9, Sassenfjorden, Svalbard; late Berriasian (Early Cretaceous)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1003026/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF7BFE69FCC4FE19" box="[151,863,438,461]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="description">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF7BFE69FCC4FE19" blockId="11.[151,863,438,461]" box="[151,863,438,461]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
2015 Gastropoda gen. et sp. indet. B; 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFDF9FE69FC90FE19" author="Hryniewicz" box="[533,779,438,461]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Hryniewicz, K., Nakrem H. A., Hammer, O., Little, C. T. S., Kaim, A., Sandy, M. R. &amp; Hurum, J. H. (2015 a) The palaeoecology of the latest Jurassic - earliest Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates from Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Lethaia, 58, 353 - 374. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / let. 12112" type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
Hryniewicz 
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFD7EFE67FD5EFE19" box="[658,709,438,461]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">et al.</emphasis>
2015a
</bibRefCitation>
, table 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF7BFE26FD53FDE0" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF7BFE26FD53FDE0" blockId="11.[151,1437,505,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF7BFE26FE91FDC7" bold="true" box="[151,266,505,530]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Large multispiral protoconch ornamented with spiral bands. Naticiform teleoconch with stongly prosocline growth lines and deeply incised suture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF2BFD9EFA87FDAB" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF2BFD9EFC60FD8F" blockId="11.[151,1437,505,1358]" box="[199,1019,577,602]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF2BFD9EFEA6FD8F" bold="true" box="[199,317,577,602]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Holotype:</emphasis>
PMO 217.512, H = 
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, W = 
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; one specimen only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF2BFDBAFA87FDAB" blockId="11.[151,1437,505,1358]" box="[199,1308,613,638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<materialsCitation id="8D93EF52D02BFFFCFF2BFDBAFA87FDAB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1664833088" box="[199,1308,613,638]" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Berriasian" location="Seep" municipality="Sassenfjorden area" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="E2405BADD02BFFFCFF2BFDBAFE99FDAB" box="[199,258,613,638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Type</typeStatus>
locality and age:
</emphasis>
<location id="3824B3D4D02BFFFCFE3FFDB9FD91FDAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5525419D02BFFFCFF7BFE93FD36FA9B:3824B3D4D02BFFFCFE3FFDB9FD91FDAB" box="[467,522,614,638]" country="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" county="Berriasian" municipality="Sassenfjorden area" name="Seep" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Seep</location>
# 
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<collectingMunicipality id="DD207F75D02BFFFCFDBDFDBAFCBCFDA8" box="[593,807,613,638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Sassenfjorden area</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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; late 
<collectingCounty id="D4259D83D02BFFFCFC3FFDBAFBD2FDAB" box="[979,1097,613,638]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Berriasian</collectingCounty>
, Early Cretaceous.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF2BFD56FE90FCE7" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="description">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF2BFD56FE90FCE7" blockId="11.[151,1437,505,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF2BFD56FEC2FD77" bold="true" box="[199,345,649,674]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Description.</emphasis>
Protoconch only partially preserved but large (
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in diameter) and ornamented by strong spiral bands. Demarcation between protoconch and teleoconch poorly preserved but seemingly expressed by a change in coiling geometry. Teleoconch naticiform with incised suture and strongly convex whorls. Shell flanks smooth apart from well expressed and strongly prosocline growth lines. Aperture and umbilical region not preserved.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF2BFCE2FF46FAD0" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF2BFCE2FF46FAD0" blockId="11.[151,1437,505,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF2BFCE2FEA0FC83" bold="true" box="[199,315,829,854]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Remarks.</emphasis>
In spite of having only a single and imperfectly preserved specimen, we decided to describe a new genus and species, warranted by the unique set of characters, including a naticiform shell with strong, prosocline growth lines and a large protoconch ornamented by spiral bands. The most similar teleoconchs are observed in members of the 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFEA0FC76FDCBFC17" authority="Wenz, 1938" authorityName="Wenz" authorityYear="1938" box="[332,592,937,962]" class="Gastropoda" family="Gyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
Gyrodidae 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFE24FC75FDCBFC17" author="Wenz" box="[456,592,938,962]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Wenz, W. (1938) Gastropoda. Teil 1: Prosobranchia. In: Schindewolf, O. H. (Ed.), Handbuch der Palaozoologie. Band 6. Verlag von Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, pp. 1 - 240." type="book chapter" year="1938">Wenz, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which are considered either as ampullospirids (Campaniloidea) by 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFAA4FC75FED5FC33" author="Kase" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Kase, T. &amp; Ishikawa, M. (2003) Mystery of naticid predation history solved: Evidence from a &quot; living fossil &quot; species. Geology, 31, 403 - 406. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0091 - 7613 (2003) 031 % 3 C 0403: MONPHS % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">
Kase &amp; 
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(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
or naticoids by 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFDEAFC12FD33FC33" author="Bandel" box="[518,680,973,998]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Bandel, K. (1999) On the origin of the carnivorous gastropod group Naticoidea (Mollusca) in the Cretaceous with description of some convergent but unrelated groups. Greifswalder Geowissenschaftliche Beitrage, 6, 143 - 175." type="journal article" year="1999">Bandel (1999)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFD0CFC12FB97FC33" author="Bandel" box="[736,1036,973,998]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Bandel, K. &amp; Dockery, D. T. (2016) Mollusca of the Coon Creek Formation in Tennessee and Mississippi with a systematic discussion of the Gastropoda. Bulletin Alabama Museum of Natural History, 33, 34 - 96." type="journal article" year="2016">Bandel &amp; Dockery (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. However, gyrodids posses entirely smooth protoconchs (
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFE7CFC2EFDA2FBDF" author="Dockery" box="[400,569,1009,1034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Dockery, D. T. (1993) The streptoneuran gastropods, exclusive of the Stenoglossa, of the Coffee Sand (Campanian) of northeastern Mississippi. Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality Office of Geology Bulletin, 129, 1 - 191." type="journal article" year="1993">Dockery 1993</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFDA5FC2EFD7BFBDF" author="Bandel" box="[585,736,1009,1034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Bandel, K. (1999) On the origin of the carnivorous gastropod group Naticoidea (Mollusca) in the Cretaceous with description of some convergent but unrelated groups. Greifswalder Geowissenschaftliche Beitrage, 6, 143 - 175." type="journal article" year="1999">Bandel 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The only group having comparable large protoconch with spiral ornament we could trace is the naticoid subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFC8BFBCAFC24FBFB" authorityName="Woodring" authorityYear="1928" box="[871,959,1045,1070]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sininae">Sininae</taxonomicName>
. The protoconch of the Recent 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFABAFBC9FE23FB87" authority="(Say, 1831)" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1831" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Sinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perspectivum">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFABAFBC9FEB7FB84" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Sinum perspectivum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFED0FBE5FE34FB87" author="Say" box="[316,431,1082,1106]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Say, T. (1831) American Conchology. Part 3. Thomas Say, New Harmony, Indiana, 10 pls. [pls. 21 - 30]" type="journal article" year="1831">Say, 1831</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFDB3FBE6FC99FB87" author="Bandel" box="[607,770,1081,1106]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Bandel, K. (1999) On the origin of the carnivorous gastropod group Naticoidea (Mollusca) in the Cretaceous with description of some convergent but unrelated groups. Greifswalder Geowissenschaftliche Beitrage, 6, 143 - 175." type="journal article" year="1999">Bandel (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, is large (
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of diameter) and strongly ornamented by spiral ribs. However, in contrast to 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFDACFB81FC83FBA3" authorityName="Nakrem" authorityYear="2017" box="[576,792,1117,1142]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Sassenfjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sassenfjordensis">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFDACFB81FC83FBA3" box="[576,792,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">S. sassenfjordensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the teloconch of 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFC03FB81FBAEFBA0" box="[1007,1077,1118,1141]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Sinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFC03FB81FBAEFBA0" box="[1007,1077,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Sinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also possesses a strong spiral ornament. Our identification of 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFE11FB5DFD54FB4F" authorityName="Nakrem" authorityYear="2017" box="[509,719,1153,1178]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Sassenfjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sassenfjordensis">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFE11FB5DFD54FB4F" box="[509,719,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">S. sassenfjordensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFD1AFB5EFCFDFB4F" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1834" box="[758,870,1153,1178]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Naticidae</taxonomicName>
: 
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remains, however, tentative, as according to 
<bibRefCitation id="596A98FED02BFFFCFF55FB79FE46FB6B" author="Kase" box="[185,477,1189,1214]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" refString="Kase, T. &amp; Ishikawa, M. (2003) Mystery of naticid predation history solved: Evidence from a &quot; living fossil &quot; species. Geology, 31, 403 - 406. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / 0091 - 7613 (2003) 031 % 3 C 0403: MONPHS % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">
Kase &amp; 
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(2003)
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the oldest confirmed 
<taxonomicName id="FAFB9E8CD02BFFFCFD0BFB7AFCC9FB6B" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1834" box="[743,850,1189,1214]" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Naticidae</taxonomicName>
come from the Campanian (Late Cretaceous). A Berriasian (Early Cretaceous) age would be a large backward extension to the fossil record (approx. 60 myr) of this taxon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF2BFACEFDA3FAFF" box="[199,568,1297,1322]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF2BFACEFDA3FAFF" blockId="11.[151,1437,505,1358]" box="[199,568,1297,1322]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF2BFACEFEFBFAFF" bold="true" box="[199,352,1297,1322]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Distribution.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="E2405BADD02BFFFCFE8BFACDFE04FAFF" box="[359,415,1298,1322]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Type</typeStatus>
locality only.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75E1B684D02BFFFCFF2BFAEAFD36FA9B" box="[199,685,1333,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="3D44E50FD02BFFFCFF2BFAEAFD36FA9B" blockId="11.[151,1437,505,1358]" box="[199,685,1333,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="0F8F391DD02BFFFCFF2BFAEAFED5FA9B" bold="true" box="[199,334,1333,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Etymology.</emphasis>
After its 
<typeStatus id="E2405BADD02BFFFCFE54FAE9FE73FA9B" box="[440,488,1334,1358]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">type</typeStatus>
area in 
<collectingCountry id="45ECA59FD02BFFFCFDAEFAEAFD32FA9B" box="[578,681,1333,1358]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>