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<document id="F11F7175E423807CC34C03B855DE540F" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.336.3.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720188" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725658609491" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Devecchi, Marcelo F., Thomas, William W. &amp; Pirani, José R." docDate="2018" docId="855987EDFFE5FFABFF632C31A5180480" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.336.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 336 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.3.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Homalolepis planaltina Devecchi &amp; Pirani 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="257" masterDocId="7960FF95FFE4FFAEFFEB2A3CA1560535" masterDocTitle="Two new dwarf species of Homalolepis (Simaroubaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado (Neotropical savanna)" masterLastPageNumber="262" masterPageNumber="252" pageNumber="253" updateTime="1725670162883" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="2D8CC8ADEA8AFB326EA9B469F729F980" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="0FBA20779D48DCD1ED6FCEA8A48D3B43">Two new dwarf species of Homalolepis (Simaroubaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado (Neotropical savanna)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="84A5127CD5F5E91CFCFC874C4955407C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D2DF08CAB8D9A4DCEE22ABB609711AA0">
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<mods:namePart id="7F819B8F418B25DB7E1F9221B87BB78C">Devecchi, Marcelo F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6D3947DD6AB33049E9E241671A41B2D5">Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Edifício do Herbário SPF, Rua do Matão 277, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0FBD768960DD0B7B3E9C16A98BD8087E">Thomas, William W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="51934CE1D027071E92394A7607485CF0">Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY, 10458 - 5126 U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ADAEBD612B69B42754F26CD0621D0961">Pirani, José R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E057A210043A17EFE023506A480380E5">Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Edifício do Herbário SPF, Rua do Matão 277, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F9F7B4A258A3CB2DEFC7A34EBF9A9E13">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AE71D8C87F8694C4B0ADEE7406CA3040">
<mods:date id="60BC280816B38805C69F80C5B932B554">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="880B86590ADFB35059CD7ADAE43D6CE5">2018-02-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CD4882C086E8472D232676228ED559D2">336</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CAA49C004045F172B62A7191FB3F91FB">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7DEA91E9FB3084F7D05F4FFE74534E77" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.336.3.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="839FCFABF1B7167CAFB1ED632001F182" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="855987EDFFE5FFABFF632C31A5180480" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720388" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720388" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:855987EDFFE5FFABFF632C31A5180480" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/855987EDFFE5FFABFF632C31A5180480" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFE5FFAFFF632C31A558031D" box="[136,1038,1549,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE5FFAFFF632C31A558031D" blockId="1.[136,1038,1549,1576]" box="[136,1038,1549,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">
<heading id="56078197FFE5FFAFFF632C31A558031D" box="[136,1038,1549,1576]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE5FFAFFF632C31A324031D" ID-CoL="3MD9T" authority="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,626,1549,1576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE5FFAFFF632C31A0C1031D" bold="true" box="[136,407,1549,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">Homalolepis planaltina</emphasis>
Devecchi &amp; Pirani
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE5FFAFFD962C33A384031D" box="[637,722,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="24B75792FFE5FFAFFD962C33A384031D" box="[637,722,1551,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE5FFAFFD332C33A2D6031D" box="[728,896,1551,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1788,1809]" captionTargetBox="[180,1384,201,1742]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[151,1436,187,1760]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Homalolepis planaltina. A. Habit, vegetative stage. B. Stem thickened with underground development. C. Portion of a leaf showing the opposite and subopposite leaflets. D. Habit, reproductive stage; the inflorescence grows near ground level. E. Flower F. and G. Stamens with anther, filament and filament appendage. H. Flower with petals removed showing the gynoecium on top of a gynophore and style (A–H. Devecchi &amp; Bordon 320)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720190/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">Figures 1 A–H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE5FFAFFC602C33A283031D" box="[907,981,1551,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[194,1392,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-13@3.[194,1393,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Homalolepis planaltina. A. Habit. B. Apex of a leaflet showing the gland. C. Distal part of the inflorescence with floral buds and glandular bracts. D. Underground system with a young inflorescence. E. Individual with ramified underground system, the inflorescence and leaves located on different branches. F. Flowers with five and six petals on a same inflorescence. G. Individual in reproductive stage, without leaves." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720192/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">2 A–G</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE5FFAFFC122C33A55F031D" box="[1017,1033,1551,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[170,1389,221,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-14@8.[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map showing the distribution of the two new species and their closely related species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">5</figureCitation>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFE5FFAAFF632C09A1850698" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE5FFAFFF632C09A1A203A7" blockId="1.[136,1451,1589,1682]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">
<materialsCitation id="BD983CA6FFE5FFAFFF632C09A1A603A7" collectingDate="2014-09-02" collectionCode="M, F, N, SPF, K, NY, RB" collectorName="de Cachoeirinha" country="Brazil" elevation="1157" latitude="-19.715223" location="Distrito de Cachoeirinha" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-46.020084" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" specimenCode="BR 262" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="75E7766BFFE5FFAFFF3D2C09A066037F" box="[214,304,1589,1610]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFE5FFAFFED22C09A0EA037F" box="[313,444,1589,1610]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: Córrego Danta,
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Distrito
<collectorName id="A005532DFFE5FFAFFD462C09A21A037F" box="[685,844,1589,1610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">de Cachoeirinha</collectorName>
</location>
, margem leste do trecho de intersecção da rodovia BR-354 com a
<specimenCode id="5D569E80FFE5FFAFFF242C65A04D035B" box="[207,283,1625,1646]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">BR 262</specimenCode>
,
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,
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,
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<collectingDate id="690AE9D3FFE5FFAFFD732C65A251035B" box="[664,775,1625,1646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" value="2014-09-02">2 Sep 2014</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE5FFAFFCF92C65A27E035B" box="[786,808,1625,1646]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE5FFAFFCC02C65A26D035B" box="[811,827,1625,1646]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
. Devecchi &amp;
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE5FFAFFC562C65A286035B" box="[957,976,1625,1646]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
. Bordon 320
</emphasis>
(
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:
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE5FFAFFB502C65A5BC035B" box="[1211,1258,1625,1646]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
!;
<typeStatus id="D24B8859FFE5FFAFFB122C65A41D035B" box="[1273,1355,1625,1646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE5FFAFFABE2C65A43A035B" box="[1365,1388,1625,1646]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE5FFAFFA902C65A4F2035B" box="[1403,1444,1625,1646]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE5FFAFFF562C41A1B203A7" box="[189,228,1661,1682]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE5FFAFFF632C80A2EB0274" blockId="1.[136,1452,1724,2073]" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">
Similar to
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE5FFAFFEE92C80A0A203E0" box="[258,500,1724,1749]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE5FFAFFEE92C80A0A203E0" box="[258,500,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">Homalolepis praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differing by the narrow elliptic to oblong-elliptic or oblong-ovate (vs. ovate to elliptic-ovate) leaflet shape, the acuminate to acute (vs. obtuse with a drip tip) leaflet apex, the narrow and congested inflorescence (vs. wide and loose), the presence of glandular trichomes scattered on the pedicels (vs. glandular trichomes lacking), and the
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE5FFAFFE2B2D14A3110274" box="[448,583,1832,1857]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="6.05" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="5.7">5.7–6.4 mm</quantity>
(vs.
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE5FFAFFD952D14A2500274" box="[638,774,1832,1857]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="7.7" valueMin="6.8">6.8–7.7 mm</quantity>
) long filaments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE5FFAAFF562D70A2C00628" blockId="1.[136,1452,1724,2073]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="1" pageNumber="253">
Subshrubs,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE5FFAFFED52D70A0ED0250" box="[318,443,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" unit="m" value="0.22499999999999998" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.15">0.15–0.3 m</quantity>
tall, geoxylic (with a thickened, ramified underground system, and a very short aerial stem). Leaves imparipinnate, clustered at the aerial stem apex, deciduous; petiole cylindrical,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE5FFAFFB9B2D4CA5A602BC" box="[1136,1264,1904,1929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="6.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" unit="cm" value="7.7" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="6.9">6.9–8.5 cm</quantity>
long, pubescent only along the upper surface, slightly swollen at base; rachis cylindrical,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE5FFAFFC452DA8A54D0298" box="[942,1051,1940,1965]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" unit="cm" value="24.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="20.0">20–28 cm</quantity>
long, smooth, pubescent only along the upper surface; petiolules
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE5FFAFFE2D2D84A31A02E4" box="[454,588,1976,2001]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, base not swollen, smooth and glabrescent; leaflets (11–)15–21, opposite or subopposite; blades of the terminal leaflet and of the lateral-distal leaflets 6.8–8.2 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE5FFAFFB652DE0A44402C0" box="[1166,1298,2012,2037]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="253" unit="cm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.9 cm</quantity>
, the terminal leaflet widely obovate, the lateral ones narrow elliptic to oblong-elliptic or oblong-ovate, the apex acuminate to acute, the base cuneate or slightly oblique, margin slightly to conspicuously revolute; venation brochidodromous, midvein prominent on the abaxial surface, slightly to sharply sulcate on the adaxial surface, secondary veins slightly sulcate on adaxial surface and slightly prominent on the abaxial surface; leaflet blades chartaceous to subcoriaceous, discolorous, the adaxial surface dark green and shiny, the abaxial surface pale green and dull, laminar glands absent, apical gland generally present but not conspicuously developed, glabrous except for short non-glandular trichomes along the midvein and secondary veins. Inflorescence a congested, subterminal thyrse, the main axis
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFBF62B68A5DD0458" box="[1053,1163,340,365]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="14.0">14–26 cm</quantity>
long, the proximal lateral branches
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFF192B44A00404A4" box="[242,338,376,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="5.0">5–13 cm</quantity>
long, the distal branches gradually shorter towards the apex, puberulent to pubescent, with scattered glandular trichomes; bracts 1.5–4.8 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFDDC2BA0A3E90480" box="[567,703,412,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1–2.3 mm</quantity>
obovate to spathulate, reddish-green, puberulent, tip swollen with a gland or the whole bract modified as an obovoid gland. Floral buds oblong to oblong-obovoid. Flowers: pedicel
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFF632BD8A04704C8" box="[136,273,484,509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="3.4">3.4–4.6 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent, with scattered glandular trichomes; calyx green to ferrugineous, externally pubescent, internally glabrous, tube and lobes of equal length; sepals (4–)5(–6), apex obtuse; petals (4–)5(–6), slightly imbricate, 9–12 ×
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFF082810A0390770" box="[227,367,556,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="3.65" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.1">3.1–4.2 mm</quantity>
, oblong to oblong-obovate, apex acute to rounded, cream to greenish, turning yellowish, with few and short trichomes internally, pubescent externally; stamens (9–)10(–12); filaments
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFB7B286CA44C075C" box="[1168,1306,592,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="6.05" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="5.7">5.7–6.4 mm</quantity>
long, terete, glabrous, the adaxial appendage
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFE1C2848A32907B8" box="[503,639,628,653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.1 mm</quantity>
long, apex obtuse to rounded, slightly reflexed and obscuring the ovary, not forming a pseudotube by intertwining of the trichomes, the basal half of the appendage adnate to the filament, the distal half free, abaxially villous, adaxially glabrous; anthers dorsifixed, ca.
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFC242880A57207E0" box="[975,1060,700,725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
long, yellow; gynophore subterete, slightly 10–costate,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFE8C28DCA0B807CC" box="[359,494,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.3 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent; ovary ca.
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFCF628DCA22407CC" box="[797,882,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
long, velutinous; style subterete,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFB0C28DCA43B07CC" box="[1255,1389,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9499999999999997" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="2.9499999999999997" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="1.3">1.3–4.6 mm</quantity>
long, bristly near the base; stigma slightly (4–)5(–6)–lobed. Fruits not seen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="598F6673FFE6FFACFF632CC0A34B0248" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720190/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="254" startId="2.[136,229,1788,1809]" targetBox="[180,1384,201,1742]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE6FFACFF632CC0A34B0248" blockId="2.[136,1452,1788,1917]" pageId="2" pageNumber="254">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE6FFACFF632CC0A1AE0224" bold="true" box="[136,248,1788,1809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="254">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE6FFACFEEE2CC0A0A60224" box="[261,496,1788,1809]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="254">
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE6FFACFEEE2CC0A0BA0224" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[261,492,1788,1809]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="2" pageNumber="254" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">Homalolepis planaltina</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Habit, vegetative stage. B. Stem thickened with underground development. C. Portion of a leaf showing the opposite and subopposite leaflets. D. Habit, reproductive stage; the inflorescence grows near ground level. E. Flower F. and G. Stamens with anther, filament and filament appendage. H. Flower with petals removed showing the gynoecium on top of a gynophore and style (A–H.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE6FFACFECC2D54A3460248" box="[295,528,1896,1917]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="254">Devecchi &amp; Bordon 320</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="598F6673FFE7FFADFF632D9DA0810D17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13720192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720192/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="255" startId="3.[136,229,1953,1974]" targetBox="[194,1392,190,1929]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE7FFADFF632D9DA0810D17" blockId="3.[136,1452,1953,2082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE7FFADFF632D9DA1AC0283" bold="true" box="[136,250,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="255">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE7FFADFEE32D9DA0B80283" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[264,494,1953,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="255" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE7FFADFEE32D9DA0B80283" box="[264,494,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="255">Homalolepis planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habit. B. Apex of a leaflet showing the gland. C. Distal part of the inflorescence with floral buds and glandular bracts. D. Underground system with a young inflorescence. E. Individual with ramified underground system, the inflorescence and leaves located on different branches. F. Flowers with five and six petals on a same inflorescence. G. Individual in reproductive stage, without leaves.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE0FFAAFF562914A1850698" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF562914A3840674" bold="true" box="[189,722,808,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
Additional specimen examined (
<typeStatus id="D24B8859FFE0FFAAFDDD2914A3F10674" box="[566,679,808,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="75E7766BFFE0FFAAFD392914A26D0674" box="[722,827,808,833]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFE0FFAAFCA82914A28D0674" box="[835,987,808,833]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: Córrego Danta, Distrito de Cachoeirinha, margem leste da rodovia ligando Campos Altos a Tapiraí (trecho da intersecção da
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE0FFAAFBD12970A5090650" box="[1082,1119,844,869]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">BR</collectionCode>
262 com a
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE0FFAAFB0C2970A45A0650" box="[1255,1292,844,869]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">BR</collectionCode>
354), do lado oposto ao povoado Cachoeirinha,
<geoCoordinate id="68C4503CFFE0FFAAFDF2294CA3FB06BC" box="[537,685,878,905]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" precision="1" seconds="55.4" value="-19.71539">
19
<superScript id="FA859BB3FFE0FFAAFDDE2952A36A0649" attach="none" box="[565,572,878,892]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">°</superScript>
42’55.4”S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="68C4503CFFE0FFAAFD51294CA20F06BC" box="[698,857,878,905]" degrees="46" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" precision="1" seconds="16.7" value="-46.021305">
46
<superScript id="FA859BB3FFE0FFAAFD3D2952A38B0649" attach="none" box="[726,733,878,892]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">°</superScript>
01’16.7”W
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFC82294CA29306BC" box="[873,965,880,905]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="m" value="1090.0">1090 m</quantity>
,
<date id="794E103BFFE0FFAAFC3D294CA5C606BC" box="[982,1168,880,905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" value="2015-10-02">2 October 2015</date>
,
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<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE0FFAAFB4B294CA5E606BC" box="[1184,1200,880,905]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE0FFAAFB5F294CA59E06BC" box="[1204,1224,880,905]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">R</collectionCode>
. Pirani et al. 6591
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6BE1AE3EFFE0FFAAFF7A29A8A1910698" box="[145,199,916,941]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
!)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFE0FFAAFF562984A51406C0" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE0FFAAFF562984A51406C0" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF562984A03206E4" bold="true" box="[189,356,952,977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFDAC2984A3EC06E4" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[583,698,952,977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFDAC2984A3EC06E4" box="[583,698,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the Portuguese word “planalto”, referring to the habitat of the new species, on top of flat tableland (“chapada”) in the Central Brazilian Plateau.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="45EA6570FFE0FFABFF562E3CA5180480" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE0FFAAFF562E3CA393000C" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF562E3CA353012C" bold="true" box="[189,517,1024,1049]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Distribution and ecology:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFDEE2E3CA25A012C" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[517,780,1024,1049]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFDEE2E3CA25A012C" box="[517,780,1024,1049]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Homalolepis planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a restricted distribution, known only from the population from which the type and
<typeStatus id="D24B8859FFE0FFAAFE4D2E18A3500108" box="[422,518,1060,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
specimens were collected, close to the locality of Cachoeirinha, in Córrego Danta municipality, in the state of
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFE0FFAAFE2D2E74A30B0154" box="[454,605,1096,1121]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE0FFAAFD862E74A3E50154" box="[621,691,1096,1121]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[170,1389,221,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-14@8.[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map showing the distribution of the two new species and their closely related species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720200/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). The habitat of the new species is a low cerrado vegetation on top of a flat plateau (“chapada”) with a ferrugineous rocky soil, locally called “canga”, which is a conglomerate substrate usually consisting of fragments of iron-formation and hard hematite cemented by limonite and hydrated iron oxide (
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFF7B2E88A07501F8" author="Rizzini, C. T." box="[144,291,1204,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" refId="ref6815" refString="Rizzini, C. T. (1997) Tratado de fitogeografia do Brasil. Ambito Cultural, Rio de Janeiro." type="book" year="1997">Rizzini 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFEC62E88A08E01F8" author="Simmons, G. C." box="[301,472,1204,1229]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref6877" refString="Simmons, G. C. (1968) Geology and iron deposits of the Western Serra do Curral, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Geological Survey Professional Paper 341: 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1968">Simmons 1968</bibRefCitation>
). The vegetation type covering this substrate in the type locality is an open cerrado where treelets of
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFEEA2EE4A0CA01C4" box="[257,412,1240,1265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vochysiaceae" genus="Vochysia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFEEA2EE4A03301C4" box="[257,357,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Vochysia</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFE472EE4A31C01C4" box="[428,586,1240,1265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vochysiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Vochysiaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFDB52EE4A27801C4" box="[606,814,1240,1265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFDB52EE4A3A101C4" box="[606,759,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Erythroxylum</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFCD52EE4A2AF01C4" box="[830,1017,1240,1265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Erythroxylaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFBD12EE4A59801C4" box="[1082,1230,1240,1265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFBD12EE4A5C101C4" box="[1082,1175,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Miconia</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFB352EE4A4F201C4" box="[1246,1444,1240,1265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Melastomataceae</taxonomicName>
) prevail. The sites with canga soil are recognized as places harboring either high endemism levels (
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFB3D2EC0A194000C" author="Vincent, R. C. &amp; Meguro, M." pageId="4" pageNumber="256" pagination="377 - 388" refId="ref7088" refString="Vincent, R. C. &amp; Meguro, M. (2008) Influence of soil properties on the abundance of plant species in ferrugineos rocky soils vegetation, southeastern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Botanica 31: 377 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0100 - 84042008000300002" type="journal article" year="2008">Vincent &amp; Meguro 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and rare species (
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFE7F2F1CA084000C" box="[404,466,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFE322F1CA3EF000C" author="Giulietti, A. M. &amp; Rapini, A. &amp; Andrade, M. J. &amp; Queiroz, L. P. &amp; Silva, J. M. C." box="[473,697,1312,1337]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" refId="ref6372" refString="Giulietti, A. M., Rapini, A., Andrade, M. J. G, Queiroz, L. P. &amp; Silva, J. M. C. (2009) Plantas raras do Brasil. Conservation International, Belo Horizonte, 496 pp." type="book" year="2009">
Giulietti
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFDD62F1CA338000C" box="[573,622,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE0FFAAFF562F78A51D0068" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" box="[189,1099,1348,1373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF562F78A0090068" bold="true" box="[189,351,1348,1373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Phenology:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFEB42F78A33E0068" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[351,616,1348,1373]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFEB42F78A33E0068" box="[351,616,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Homalolepis planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected in flower in September.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE0FFAAFF562F54A1B50238" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF562F54A07000B4" bold="true" box="[189,294,1384,1409]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Notes:—</emphasis>
The habit of subshrubs with large leaves
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFD192F54A2DA00B4" box="[754,908,1384,1409]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.17" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="2.69" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="cm" value="31.7" valueMax="36.5" valueMin="26.9">26.9–36.5 cm</quantity>
long and terminal thyrsoid bearing flowers with petal length between
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFE952FB0A0BD0090" box="[382,491,1420,1445]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 mm</quantity>
long, provided with haired staminal appendages forming a short pseudotube places
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFF632F8CA04800FC" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,286,1456,1481]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF632F8CA04800FC" box="[136,286,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">H. planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFEA92F8CA2B200FC" authority="(Engler) Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" baseAuthorityName="Engler" box="[322,996,1456,1481]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Grandiflorae">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFEA92F8CA08700FC" box="[322,465,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Homalolepis</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFDF82F8CA3F100FC" box="[531,679,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Grandiflorae</emphasis>
(Engler) Devecchi &amp; Pirani
</taxonomicName>
(
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). This is also supported by strong molecular evidence (
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFE0E2FE8A3C000D8" author="Devecchi, M. F." box="[485,662,1492,1517]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" refId="ref5917" refString="Devecchi, M. F. (2017) Phylogeny and Systematics of Simaba Aubl. (Simaroubaceae) PhD. thesis. Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo: Universidade de Sao Paulo. 294 pp." type="book" year="2017">Devecchi 2017</bibRefCitation>
). The flowers of the new species are similar but smaller than those of
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFF632FC4A3700324" authority="Hassler (1907: 723)" authorityName="Hassler" authorityPageNumber="723" authorityYear="1907" box="[136,550,1528,1553]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF632FC4A0680324" box="[136,318,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Simaba praecox</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFEAD2FC4A3700324" author="Hassler, E." box="[326,550,1528,1553]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" pagination="723 - 724" refId="ref6424" refString="Hassler, E. (1907) Plante paraguariensis. Un Simaba suffrutescent nouveau. Bulletin de Herbier Boissier 2: 723 - 724." type="journal article" year="1907">Hassler (1907: 723)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(to be transferred to
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFCFD2FC4A2F30324" authorityName="Turczaninow" authorityYear="1848" box="[790,933,1528,1553]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFCFD2FC4A2F30324" box="[790,933,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Homalolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), in all of its parts: the pedicel is
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFACF2FC4A4FA0324" box="[1316,1452,1528,1553]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="3.4">3.4–4.6 mm</quantity>
long (vs.
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), the filaments are
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFD8E2C20A3B90300" box="[613,751,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="6.05" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="5.7">5.7–6.4 mm</quantity>
long (vs.
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFC8C2C20A2A40300" box="[871,1010,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="7.7" valueMin="6.8">6.8–7.7 mm</quantity>
) and the staminal appendages
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFAB32C20A1E2036C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.1 mm</quantity>
long (vs.
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFECD2C7CA0E7036C" box="[294,433,1600,1625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="3.55" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="3.4">3.4–3.7 mm</quantity>
). Flowers of the two species also differ in the extension of the adnate and free parts of the staminal appendages. Moreover, the two species display remarkable allopatric distributions.
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFB7C2C58A4580348" authorityName="Hassler" authorityYear="1907" box="[1175,1294,1636,1661]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Simaba" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praecox">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFB7C2C58A4580348" box="[1175,1294,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">S. praecox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to open areas with sandy soils surrounded by forests in the northern region of the department of
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFE0FFAAFB732CB4A45F0394" box="[1176,1289,1672,1697]" country="Paraguay" name="Caaguazu" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Caaguazú</collectingRegion>
,
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and in
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near the limits with
<collectingCountry id="75E7766BFFE0FFAAFE0A2C90A31F03F0" box="[481,585,1708,1733]" name="Paraguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
at elevations of
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(Cavalcante 1983;
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFB8B2C90A5B003F0" author="Pirani, J. R." box="[1120,1254,1708,1733]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" refId="ref6579" refString="Pirani, J. R. (1987) Simaroubaceae. In: Bocquet, G. F. &amp; Crosby, M. R. (Eds.) Flora del Paraguay. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville Geneve. Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis." type="book" year="1987">Pirani 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="69614B0AFFE0FFAAFB192C90A4F603F0" author="Devecchi, M. F." box="[1266,1440,1708,1733]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" refId="ref5917" refString="Devecchi, M. F. (2017) Phylogeny and Systematics of Simaba Aubl. (Simaroubaceae) PhD. thesis. Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo: Universidade de Sao Paulo. 294 pp." type="book" year="2017">Devecchi 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFF632CECA0C203DC" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,404,1744,1769]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF632CECA0C203DC" box="[136,404,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Homalolepis planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from
<collectingRegion id="CF34F819FFE0FFAAFD612CECA23403DC" box="[650,866,1744,1769]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Minas Gerais state</collectingRegion>
, southeastern
<collectingCountry id="75E7766BFFE0FFAAFBEE2CECA51A03DC" box="[1029,1100,1744,1769]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, at elevation of
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. (
<figureCitation id="95CB2A7EFFE0FFAAFF7B2CC8A1830238" box="[144,213,1780,1805]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[170,1389,221,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-14@8.[151,1436,190,1099]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map showing the distribution of the two new species and their closely related species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13720200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13720200/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE0FFAAFF562D24A046024C" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
The occurrence of scattered tetramerous and hexamerous flowers in the inflorescences of
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFB212D24A4370204" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" box="[1226,1377,1816,1841]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFB212D24A4370204" box="[1226,1377,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">H. planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not unusual in the genus; similar situation was recently reported in a study of floral structure of four other species (Alves
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF632D5CA196024C" box="[136,192,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">et al.</emphasis>
2017).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE0FFAAFF562DB8A2C60D3C" blockId="4.[136,1452,160,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFF562DB8A08A02A8" bold="true" box="[189,476,1924,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Conservation status:—“</emphasis>
Critically endangered” - CR A4cd; B2b (ii,iii,iv,v)+ D1- The occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="CAF04D78FFE0FFAAFAF72DB8A1AD02F4" authorityName="Devecchi &amp; Pirani" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Homalolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planaltina">
<emphasis id="3F84EAE9FFE0FFAAFAF72DB8A1AD02F4" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">Homalolepis planaltina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is associated with patches of highland vegetation in the cerrado domain. The species has a restricted distribution (AOO =
<quantity id="CA089B1EFFE0FFAAFE9E2DF0A0F802D0" box="[373,430,1996,2021]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="256" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
<superScript id="FA859BB3FFE0FFAAFE462DF6A0E302ED" attach="left" box="[429,437,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="256">2</superScript>
) and is under threat, with a very small population size, and projected reductions in area of occupancy, habitat quality, and subpopulations of mature individuals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D4F36FBFFE1FFABFF562A9CA5180480" blockId="5.[136,1452,160,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="257">
The new species has a population of ca. 50 mature individuals and it occurs outside of any protected area (the nearest ones are the State Park of Campos Altos, ca.
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W of the
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locality; and the Serra da Canastra National Park, further west). The main threats are the expansion of agricultural crops and degradation of native vegetation and soils. The area of occurrence of the species lies very close to the small village of Cachoeirinha. In addition, the species is threatened by the local use of its underground stem for medicinal purposes. It is estimated a high population reduction to 80% considering the loss of habitat and the threats incidents in the last 80 years and level of exploitation of medicinal plant projected for the next 20 years. Efforts have been made recently by experts to search for other subpopulations in the region and areas with similar vegetation, but without success so far.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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