226 lines
28 KiB
XML
226 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="314A573AEA608EEC90DC51487A6E8D7B">
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<mods:title id="8AD1083F630B6B767D11424F8C6753B1">A revision of the Australian species of Howickia Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C3FC999F94535A0F1F36171719C5E348">Kuwahara, Gregory K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5435E375303CCDD90A081AABEB4F2D8B">Marshall, Stephen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6080B2FFD746E6C930BCB8BAE1976E9C" type="email">samarsha@uoguelph.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="DC1D6977EFD6BA2D3D151CC3EA7D7F2C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B8EB4E25E500ECF871001AEDAA9A3B56">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0F519B74FFD0AD34FF2C9219FC3CF829" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7143949" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202134516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7143949" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F519B74FFD0AD34FF2C9219FC3CF829" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F519B74FFD0AD34FF2C9219FC3CF829" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="CFE279E9FFD0AD34FF2C9219FCC8FE72" box="[151,865,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9219FCC8FE72" blockId="9.[151,952,367,454]" box="[151,865,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="DC0F9D0EFFD0AD34FF2C9219FCC8FE72" box="[151,865,367,393]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FF2C9219FDF9FE72" ID-CoL="BDD4H" authority="(Richards, 1973)" authorityName="Kuwahara & Marshall" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[151,592,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pleuroseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorrigonis" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FF2C9219FE25FE72" box="[151,396,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleuroseta dorrigonis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FE209219FDE1FE72" author="Richards, O. W." box="[411,584,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEBF4B0BFFD0AD34FDEC9219FCC8FE72" box="[599,865,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">NEW COMBINATION</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFE279E9FFD0AD34FF2C92E6FC11FE3D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C92E6FD04FE5C" blockId="9.[151,952,367,454]" box="[151,685,399,423]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A7E80D4CFFD0AD34FF2C92E6FD04FE5C" box="[151,685,399,423]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitation id="06590C73FFD0AD34FF2C92E6FD00FE5C" author="Richards, O. W." box="[151,681,399,423]" page="333" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1973">
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FF2C92E6FD00FE5C" ID-CoL="8CHNY" authority="Richards, 1973: 333" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="333" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,681,399,423]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Leptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorrigonis" subGenus="Biroina">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FF2C92E6FF57FE5C" box="[151,254,400,423]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leptocera</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FEB692E6FEF0FE5C" box="[269,345,400,423]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Biroina</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FED392F9FE7AFE5C" box="[360,467,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">dorrigonis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FE6292F9FD00FE5C" author="Richards, O. W." box="[473,681,399,423]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973: 333</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C92D8FC11FE3D" blockId="9.[151,952,367,454]" box="[151,952,430,454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A7E80D4CFFD0AD34FF2C92D8FC11FE3D" box="[151,952,430,454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FF2C92D8FE60FE3D" ID-CoL="LW2Z" authority="(Richards)" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[151,457,430,454]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorrigonis">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FF2C92D8FEFCFE3D" box="[151,341,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Biroina dorrigonis</emphasis>
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(Richards)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<treatmentCitation id="06590C73FFD0AD34FE6892D8FD0AFE3D" author="Marshall, S. A." box="[467,675,430,454]" page="602" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1989">
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<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FE6892D8FD0AFE3D" author="Marshall, S. A." box="[467,675,430,454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="601 - 607" refId="ref93510" refString="Marshall, S. A. (1989) 96. Family Sphaeroceridae. In: Evenhuis, N. L. (Ed.), Catalog of Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanic Regions. Bishop Museum Press and E. J. Brill, Honolulu, pp. 601 - 607." type="book chapter" year="1989">Marshall, 1989: 602</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="06590C73FFD0AD34FD1692D8FC1DFE3D" author="Rohacek, J. & Marshall, S. A. & Norrbom, A. L. & Buck, M. & Quiros, D. I. & Smith, I." box="[685,948,430,454]" page="125" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FD1692D8FC1DFE3D" author="Rohacek, J. & Marshall, S. A. & Norrbom, A. L. & Buck, M. & Quiros, D. I. & Smith, I." box="[685,948,430,454]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref94357" refString="Rohacek, J., Marshall, S. A., Norrbom, A. L., Buck, M., Quiros, D. I. & Smith, I. (2001) World Catalog of Sphaeroceridae. Slezske zemske Museum, Opava, 415 pp." type="book" year="2001">
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||
Roháček
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FCB792D9FC96FE3D" box="[780,831,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2001: 125
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFE279E9FFD0AD34FF2C9282FC3CF829" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9282FE2EFCF1" blockId="9.[151,1437,500,995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FF2C9282FEB6FDF5" bold="true" box="[151,287,500,526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Comments.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FE909282FE4CFDF5" author="Richards, O. W." box="[299,485,500,526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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originally described this species as a species of
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FB949283FB2DFDF5" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[1071,1156,501,526]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FB949283FB2DFDF5" box="[1071,1156,501,526]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Biroina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FB139282FABAFDF5" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1951" box="[1192,1299,500,526]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FB139282FABAFDF5" box="[1192,1299,500,526]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Howickia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). However, examination of many specimens of “
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FD8D916FFC70FDC9" authority="" (Richards, 1973)" authorityName="" (Richards" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[566,985,536,562]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorrigonis">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FD8D916FFCA1FDC9" box="[566,776,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Biroina dorrigonis</emphasis>
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” (
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<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FC9F916EFC79FDC9" author="Richards, O. W." box="[804,976,536,562]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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and photos of the
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<typeStatus id="584394C0FFD0AD34FB17916EFAA7FDC9" box="[1196,1294,536,562]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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showed that it is a species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FEE2914AFE78FDAD" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[345,465,572,598]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pleuroseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FEE2914AFE78FDAD" box="[345,465,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleuroseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, with three pairs of dorsocentral bristles (the anterior-most pair presutural), a sinuate R
|
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<subScript id="1B7C2827FFD0AD34FF119104FF6DFD7B" attach="left" box="[170,196,626,640]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">4+5</subScript>
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||
, non-telescopic female terminalia, extremely large male genitalia, maculated legs, a distinct patch of setae on the anepisternum, and the male hypandrium lacking the ventral and posterodorsal apodemes that define
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FA9191F2FA3CFD65" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1951" box="[1322,1429,644,670]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FA9191F2FA3CFD65" box="[1322,1429,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Howickia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. In
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||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FF0C91DEFE8BFD39" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1951" box="[183,290,680,706]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FF0C91DEFE8BFD39" box="[183,290,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Howickia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, all dorsocentral bristles are postsutural, R
|
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<subScript id="1B7C2827FFD0AD34FCB791CCFC8FFD33" attach="left" box="[780,806,698,712]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">4+5</subScript>
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is straight or slightly curved, the female terminalia are elongate and telescoping, the male genitalia are not so enlarged, at least the tibiae are not maculated, and the anepisternum is bare.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF7C9062FDCBFC18" blockId="9.[151,1437,500,995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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All of these characters are shared with the
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<typeStatus id="584394C0FFD0AD34FD019063FD43FCD4" box="[698,746,789,815]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FCD49062FC4EFCD5" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[879,999,788,814]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pleuroseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FCD49062FC4EFCD5" box="[879,999,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleuroseta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FC439063FAE4FCD5" authority="Richards, 1973" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[1016,1357,788,814]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pleuroseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wentworthi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FC439063FB3DFCD5" box="[1016,1172,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. wentworthi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FB259062FAE4FCD5" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1182,1357,788,814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In his descriptions of “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FEF6904FFD05FCA9" authority="", Richards (1973)" authorityName="", Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[333,684,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorrigonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FEF6904FFE49FCA9" box="[333,480,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. dorrigonis</emphasis>
|
||
”,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E3695793FFD0AD34FE42904EFD05FCA9" author="Richards, O. W." box="[505,684,824,850]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="297 - 401" refId="ref94252" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian region. Australian Journal of Zoology Supplemental Series, 22, 297 - 401. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not mention how it differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FBF2904EFB68FCA9" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[1097,1217,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pleuroseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FBF2904EFB68FCA9" box="[1097,1217,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleuroseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nor did he mention the presence of a lateral patch of setae on the anepisternum. However, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="584394C0FFD0AD34FC60902BFBA2FC8C" box="[987,1035,861,887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen is externally very similar to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="584394C0FFD0AD34FF6690F7FEA4FC60" box="[221,269,897,923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FE8890F7FE65FC61" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[307,460,896,922]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pleuroseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wentworthi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FE8890F7FE65FC61" box="[307,460,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. wentworthi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, clearly with the diagnostic patch of setae on the anepisternum and differing only in its darker overall body colouration, distinctly banded legs, and smaller male genitalia. Therefore, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FB0490D3FABDFC45" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[1215,1300,933,958]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FB0490D3FABDFC45" box="[1215,1300,933,958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Biroina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FA9D90D2FA35FC45" authorityName="", Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[1318,1436,932,958]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorrigonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FA9D90D2FA35FC45" box="[1318,1436,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">dorrigonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here treated as a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FE5890BEFDF2FC19" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1973" box="[483,603,968,994]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Pleuroseta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FE5890BEFDF2FC19" box="[483,603,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pleuroseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9742FEB0FBB5" blockId="9.[151,281,1076,1102]" box="[151,281,1076,1102]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FF2C9742FEB0FBB5" bold="true" box="[151,281,1076,1102]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phylogeny</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C970AFE1FFB6D" blockId="9.[151,438,1148,1174]" box="[151,438,1148,1174]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FF2C970AFE1FFB6D" bold="true" box="[151,438,1148,1174]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Character state matrix</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C97B2FBCDFAB1" blockId="9.[151,1437,1220,1355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
The plesiomorphic state is indicated by (0) and the apomorphic state(s) by (1–2). Multistate characters are treated as unordered. Polarity was established using
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FD25979EFC9FFAF9" authorityName="Papp" authorityYear="1973" box="[670,822,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Paralimosina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FD25979EFC9FFAF9" box="[670,822,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paralimosina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40F851E1FFD0AD34FCE2979EFC52FAF9" authorityName="Papp" authorityYear="2008" box="[857,1019,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Eximilimosina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B58CF670FFD0AD34FCE2979EFC52FAF9" box="[857,1019,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Eximilimosina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the outgroup. Characters marked with an asterisk are probable homoplasies associated with wing loss, and were excluded from the second analysis. Character numbers found in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1FC336E7FFD0AD34FE639646FDC3FAB1" box="[472,618,1328,1354]" captionStart="FIGURES 2.1" captionStartId="12.[152,270,1226,1250]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,187,1200]" captionTargetId="figure-33@12.[151,1436,181,1202]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 2.1. Phylogeny of Australian species of Howickia Richards based on the morphological character states in Table 1 and the associated character list, including all characters associated with wing loss. The cladogram was rooted by Paralimosina Papp + Eximilimosina Papp as the outgroup. Solid circles indicate unique synapomorphies, empty circles indicate homoplasies, and crossed circles indicate reversals. Numbers above circles indicate the character number, numbers below the circles indicate multistate character states (unordered). Species names highlighted in blue indicate apterous species and names highlighted in green indicate brachypterous species. Tree branches highlighted in red indicate tentative species placements due to weak morphological support." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7138652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7138652/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 2.1–2.3</figureCitation>
|
||
correspond to the 33 characters listed below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C960EFF7BFA69" blockId="9.[151,855,1400,1607]" box="[151,210,1400,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Head</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C96EAFCEBFA4D" blockId="9.[151,855,1400,1607]" box="[151,834,1436,1463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">1. Colour: (0) brown to black; (1) yellow to reddish-orange</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C96B6FCFEFA21" blockId="9.[151,855,1400,1607]" box="[151,855,1472,1499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2. Frons: (0) without stripes; (1) with microtomentose stripes</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9692FD0DFA05" blockId="9.[151,855,1400,1607]" box="[151,676,1508,1535]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3. Interfrontal bristles: (0) 3; (1) 4–5; (2) 1–2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C957EFD95F9D9" blockId="9.[151,855,1400,1607]" box="[151,572,1544,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">4. Orbital bristles: (0) 2; (1) 1; (2) 0</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C955AFC99F9BD" blockId="9.[151,855,1400,1607]" box="[151,816,1580,1607]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">5. *Ocelli: (0) present; (1) absent or significantly reduced</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9502FF41F975" blockId="9.[151,1098,1652,1823]" box="[151,232,1652,1678]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Thorax</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C95EEFCEBF949" blockId="9.[151,1098,1652,1823]" box="[151,834,1688,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6. Colour: (0) brown to black; (1) yellow to reddish-orange</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C95CBFD00F92D" blockId="9.[151,1098,1652,1823]" box="[151,681,1724,1751]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">7. Dorsocentral bristles: (0) 2 pairs; (1) 1 pair</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9596FCDFF900" blockId="9.[151,1098,1652,1823]" box="[151,886,1760,1787]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">8. Acrostichal setulae: (0) 8 rows; (1) 10–12 rows; (2) 4–6 rows</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9472FBE3F8E5" blockId="9.[151,1098,1652,1823]" box="[151,1098,1796,1823]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">9. *Scutellum: (0) normal, length 0.6–0.7x width; (1) broad, length 0.3–0.5x width</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C943BFF64F89C" blockId="9.[151,1130,1869,2003]" box="[151,205,1869,1895]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Legs</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C9406FBC3F871" blockId="9.[151,1130,1869,2003]" box="[151,1130,1904,1930]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">10. *Mid tibia: (0) distal half with 3 dorsal bristles; (1) distal half with 2 dorsal bristles</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C94E2FCE6F854" blockId="9.[151,1130,1869,2003]" box="[151,847,1940,1967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">11. Male mid tibia, apicoventral comb: (0) absent; (1) present</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87472A62FFD0AD34FF2C94CEFC3CF829" blockId="9.[151,1130,1869,2003]" box="[151,917,1976,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">12. Male mid tibia, stout apicoventral bristle: (0) present; (1) absent</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |