164 lines
13 KiB
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164 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a15ec661-e796-4207-8509-756590c75c0e" ID-PMC="PMC4389221" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-493-1" ID-PubMed="25878545" ID-ZBK="1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-493-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 493" ModsDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" checkinTime="1451244490299" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Noort, Simon van, Buffington, Matthew L. & Forshage, Mattias" docDate="2015" docId="FCFB909C79F65CBF316EEE598E3D5B6B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 493: 1-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 493" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" docTitle="Dilyta Foerster 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="DD2DFF8EFFC4FFA2FFD7FFE4FFB46007" masterDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1668160156725" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>493</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>176</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-493-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152059204" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCFB909C79F65CBF316EEE598E3D5B6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCFB909C79F65CBF316EEE598E3D5B6B" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Figitidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName authority="Foerster, 1869" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Dilyta
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Common. Revised for the region by
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<bibRefCitation author="Paretas-Martinez, J" journalOrPublisher="African Entomology" pageId="157" pageNumber="158" pagination="207 - 214" title="Description of four new species of Dilyta from the Afrotropical region." url="10.4001/003.017.0211" volume="17" year="2009">Paretas-Martinez et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Mostly tiny and dark brown charipines. Separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Apocharips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apocharips" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apocharips</taxonomicName>
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by lacking lateral ridges on scutellum, having at most a small posterior ridge, and by usually having T2 discernable as a separate sclerite. May be confused with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Alloxysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alloxysta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alloxysta</taxonomicName>
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, but has an oval-rounded metasoma covered in the major part by a syntergite (no posterior tergites visible) and has the two apical articles of the female antenna immovable conjoined. Furthermore,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Alloxysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alloxysta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alloxysta</taxonomicName>
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are usually larger, paler, has more pubescence, and have a more smoothly convex mesoscutum;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dilyta</taxonomicName>
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have a characteristic anterior hump in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Figure 15.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dilyta</taxonomicName>
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species (Madagascar). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorso-lateral view C scutellum, posterio-dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Holarctic and Old World Tropics. Afrotropical records: Cameroon (
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<bibRefCitation author="Lebel, TJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Agronomy" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" pagination="37 - 44" title="Parasitism of Mesohomotomatessmanni Aulmann (Psylloidea, Carsidaridae) Psyllid Pest of Theobromacacao and Octolobusspectabilis (Sterculiaceae) in Cameroon and Taxonomy of Parasitoids." url="10.3923/ja.2007.37.44" volume="6" year="2007">Lebel and Modesta 2007</bibRefCitation>
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), Democratic Republic of Congo (
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<bibRefCitation author="Benoit, PLG" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" pagination="437 - 440" title="Deux Cynipidae-Charipinae inédits du Congo Belge." volume="53" year="1956 e">Benoit 1956e</bibRefCitation>
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), Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Somalia, South Africa (
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<bibRefCitation author="Paretas-Martinez, J" journalOrPublisher="African Entomology" pageId="157" pageNumber="158" pagination="207 - 214" title="Description of four new species of Dilyta from the Afrotropical region." url="10.4001/003.017.0211" volume="17" year="2009">Paretas-Martinez et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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), Madagascar (
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<bibRefCitation author="Pujade-Villar, J" journalOrPublisher="Orsis" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" pagination="135 - 140" title="First records of genus Dilyta from Madagascar with description of Dilytaparetasmartinezi n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.168.2030" volume="26" year="2012">Pujade-Villar and Ferrer-Suay 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), Rwanda, Zimbabwe (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ferrer-Suay, M" journalOrPublisher="African Entomology" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="255 - 266" title="A review of Alloxysta species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Charipinae) from Africa." url="10.4001/003.021.0222" volume="21" year="2013">Ferrer-Suay et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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), Central African Republic, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen (here).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Biology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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Hyperparasitoids attacking encyrtid wasps on psyllids (
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<bibRefCitation author="Menke, AS" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="136 - 158" title="North American Charipidae, key to genera, nomenclature, species checklist and a new species of Dilyta Foerster (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea)." volume="93" year="1991">Menke and Evenhuis 1991</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="species richness">
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Species richness.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta africana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">Dilyta africana</taxonomicName>
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(Benoit, 1956e) (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Alloxysta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alloxysta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alloxysta</taxonomicName>
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) (Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta australafricana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australafricana">Dilyta australafricana</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paretas-Martínez">Paretas-Martinez</normalizedToken>
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& Pujade-Villar, 2009 (South Africa)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta camerounensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camerounensis">Dilyta camerounensis</taxonomicName>
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Lebel & Modeste, 2007 (Cameroon)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta ghanana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghanana">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Dilyta</pageBreakToken>
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ghanana
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paretas-Martínez">Paretas-Martinez</normalizedToken>
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, Pujade-Villar & Melika, 2009 (Central African Republic, Ghana)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta kenyana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">Dilyta kenyana</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paretas-Martínez">Paretas-Martinez</normalizedToken>
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& Pujade-Villar, 2009 (Kenya)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta paretasmartinezi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paretasmartinezi">Dilyta paretasmartinezi</taxonomicName>
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Pujade-Villar & Ferrer-Suay, 2012 (Madagascar)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta somaliana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somaliana">Dilyta somaliana</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paretas-Martínez">Paretas-Martinez</normalizedToken>
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, Pujade-Villar & Evenhuis, 2009 (Botswana, Somalia, South Africa)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Dilyta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dilyta subclavata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subclavata">Dilyta subclavata</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
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, 1869 (Madagascar; a European species)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |