676 lines
71 KiB
XML
676 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3683.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4f6d65aa-8c5b-48ca-9d27-ee17d022a1b9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5641557" ID-ZooBank="2A3C7450-C8D8-479C-A295-C2BB49A151EF" checkinTime="1629866806485" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="FISCHER, G. & FISHER, B. L." docDate="2013" docId="A93CCE11FFDC4638FF31E1A3FBE730A8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03683p356.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3683 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3683.4.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pheidole fervens Smith, F." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="325" masterDocId="5505B669FFC94620FFA6E56CFFB7346C" masterDocTitle="A revision of Pheidole Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the islands of the Southwest Indian Ocean and designation of a neotype for the invasive Pheidole megacephala" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="322" updateTime="1679677401739" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Pheidole Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the islands of the Southwest Indian Ocean and designation of a neotype for the invasive Pheidole megacephala</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>FISCHER, G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>FISHER, B. L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2013-07-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3683</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>301</mods:start>
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<mods:end>356</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3683.4.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3683.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">4f6d65aa-8c5b-48ca-9d27-ee17d022a1b9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5641557</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2A3C7450-C8D8-479C-A295-C2BB49A151EF</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391512" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194286117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6391512" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A93CCE11FFDC4638FF31E1A3FBE730A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A93CCE11FFDC4638FF31E1A3FBE730A8" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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<subSubSection box="[151,471,1231,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,471,1231,1290]" box="[151,471,1231,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,471,1231,1257]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" ID-ENA="614969" authority="Smith, F." authorityName="Smith, F." box="[151,471,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,471,1231,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,352,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
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Smith, F.
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,309,1266,1290]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,471,1231,1290]" box="[151,309,1266,1290]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
(
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<figureCitation box="[159,301,1266,1290]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1735,1758]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,318,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-215@22.[151,1436,318,1716]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 17 Pheidole fervens Mayr, full-face view (A), profile (B), and dorsal view (C) of minor worker (CASENT006581) and full-face view (D), profile (E), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT0060250)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5641591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5641591/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Figs. 17A–F</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,564,1338,1360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,564,1338,1360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,564,1338,1360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority="Smith, F. 1858: 176" authorityName="Smith, F." authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1858" box="[151,561,1338,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
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<emphasis box="[151,327,1338,1360]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
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Smith, F. 1858: 176
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3736261402" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Singapore" location="SINGAPORE" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" specimenCode="CASENT0901520" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus box="[576,677,1339,1360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(1 major
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<specimenCount box="[796,869,1338,1360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[885,1074,1338,1360]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">CASENT0901520</specimenCode>
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) [designated here]:
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<collectingCountry box="[1294,1436,1338,1360]" name="Singapore" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[206,285,1369,1391]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">BMNH</collectionCode>
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) [examined]
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3736261356" box="[426,1410,1369,1391]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" specimenCode="CASENT0901519" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
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<typeStatus box="[426,562,1369,1391]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">paralectotype</typeStatus>
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(1 minor
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<specimenCount box="[663,736,1369,1391]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="worker">worker</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[747,939,1369,1391]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">CASENT0901519</specimenCode>
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): same data as
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<typeStatus box="[1090,1183,1369,1391]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">lectotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[1196,1275,1369,1391]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">BMNH</collectionCode>
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) [examined].
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[151,533,1400,1422]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,533,1400,1422]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,533,1400,1422]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
<treatmentCitation ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6295625" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6295625" author="Smith, F." box="[151,529,1400,1422]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2FC4424ED6923DDAC2542DFCBC3648E" page="48" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1861">
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<taxonomicName authority="Smith, 1861: 48" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,529,1400,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Solenopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pungens">
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<emphasis box="[151,351,1400,1422]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Solenopsis pungens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith" box="[360,529,1400,1422]" firstAuthor="Smith" page="48" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="36 - 48" refId="ref50118" refString="Smith, F. (1861) Catalogue of hymenopterous insect collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace in the Islands of Ceram, Celebes, Ternate, and Gilolo. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 6, 36 - 48. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1861. tb 00927. x" type="journal article" year="1861">Smith, 1861: 48</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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<typeStatus box="[540,641,1400,1421]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(major worker), designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[970,1121,1400,1422]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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||
:
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||
<collectingCountry box="[1133,1271,1400,1422]" name="Indonesia" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion box="[1286,1380,1400,1422]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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) [not examined]. Combination in
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<treatmentCitation author="Donisthorpe, H. S. J. K." box="[488,897,1430,1453]" page="469" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1932">
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||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="6N3K" authority=": Donisthorpe, 1932: 469" authorityName="Donisthorpe" authorityPageNumber="469" authorityYear="1932" box="[488,897,1430,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidologeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis box="[488,635,1431,1453]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidologeton</emphasis>
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||
:
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Donisthorpe" box="[651,897,1430,1452]" firstAuthor="Donisthorpe" page="469" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="441 - 476" refId="ref46782" refString="Donisthorpe, H. S. J. K. (1932) On the identity of Smith's types of Formicidae collected by Alfred Russell Wallace in the Malay Archipelago, with descriptions of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 441 - 476." type="journal article" year="1932">Donisthorpe, 1932: 469</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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; in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1839" box="[936,1026,1431,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[936,1026,1431,1453]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<treatmentCitation author="Bolton, B." box="[1042,1231,1430,1452]" page="328" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation author="Bolton" box="[1042,1231,1430,1452]" firstAuthor="Bolton" page="328" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refId="ref46312" refString="Bolton, B. (1995) A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">Bolton, 1995: 328</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Junior synonym of
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<treatmentCitation author="Eguchi, K." box="[199,571,1461,1483]" page="198" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="2004">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority=": Eguchi, 2004: 198" authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="2004" box="[199,571,1461,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
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<emphasis box="[199,368,1461,1483]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
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||
:
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<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[381,571,1461,1483]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" page="198" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi, 2004: 198</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[151,483,1491,1514]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,483,1491,1514]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,483,1491,1514]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
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||
<treatmentCitation author="Mayr, G." box="[151,479,1491,1514]" page="98" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1867">
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<taxonomicName authority="Mayr, 1867: 98" authorityName="Mayr" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,479,1491,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javana">
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||
<emphasis box="[151,316,1492,1514]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole javana</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Mayr" box="[321,479,1491,1513]" firstAuthor="Mayr" page="98" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="33 - 117" refId="ref49071" refString="Mayr, G. (1867) Adnotationes in monographiam formicidarum Indo - Neerlandicarum. Tjidschrift voor Entomologie, 10, 33 - 117." type="journal article" year="1867">Mayr, 1867: 98</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[489,590,1492,1513]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(major worker), designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[906,1055,1491,1513]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1064,1202,1491,1513]" name="Indonesia" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1215,1263,1491,1513]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
) [not examined]. Junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=": Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45" authorityName=": Wilson & Taylor" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1967" box="[395,851,1522,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[395,564,1522,1544]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, E. & Taylor, R. W." box="[577,851,1522,1544]" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 109" part="14" refId="ref50926" refString="Wilson, E. O & Taylor, R. W. (1967) The ants of Polynesia. Pacific Insects Monograph, 14, 1 - 109." title="The ants of Polynesia" type="journal article" year="1967">Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,556,1553,1575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,556,1553,1575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,556,1553,1575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Emery, C." box="[151,552,1553,1575]" page="464" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1887">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Emery, 1887: 464" authorityName="Emery" authorityPageNumber="464" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,552,1553,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavannae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,349,1553,1575]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole cavannae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Emery" box="[359,552,1553,1575]" firstAuthor="Emery" page="464" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="427 - 473" refId="ref47093" refString="Emery, C. (1887) Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte terza. Formiche della regione Indo - Malese e dell'Australia (continuazione e fine). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 25, 427 - 473." type="journal article" year="1887">Emery, 1887: 464</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[566,653,1553,1575]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(s) (major worker(s)):
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[889,1105,1553,1575]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">NEW CALEDONIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined]. Subspecies of
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Emery, C." box="[199,583,1584,1606]" page="401" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1914">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYH8" authority=": Emery, 1914: 401" authorityName="Emery" authorityPageNumber="401" authorityYear="1914" box="[199,583,1584,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oceanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,386,1584,1606]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole oceanica</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Emery" box="[400,583,1584,1606]" firstAuthor="Emery" page="401" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="393 - 437" refId="ref47172" refString="Emery, C. (1914) Les fourmis de la Nouvelle - Caledonie et les iles Loyalty. In: Sarasin, F. & Roux, J. (Eds.): Nova Caledonia Zoologie 1. Wiesbaden, pp. 393 - 437." type="book chapter" year="1914">Emery, 1914: 401</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=": Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45" authorityName=": Wilson & Taylor" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1967" box="[789,1246,1584,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[789,959,1584,1606]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, E. & Taylor, R. W." box="[972,1246,1584,1606]" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 109" part="14" refId="ref50926" refString="Wilson, E. O & Taylor, R. W. (1967) The ants of Polynesia. Pacific Insects Monograph, 14, 1 - 109." title="The ants of Polynesia" type="journal article" year="1967">Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,732,1614,1637]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,732,1614,1637]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,732,1614,1637]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Forel, A." box="[151,676,1614,1637]" page="184" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1902">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Forel, 1902: 184" authorityName="Forel" authorityPageNumber="184" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,676,1614,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="javana" variety="dharmsalana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,316,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole javana</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[366,499,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">dharmsalana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forel" box="[506,676,1614,1636]" firstAuthor="Forel" page="184" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="165 - 249" refId="ref47942" refString="Forel, A. (1902) Myrmicinae nouveaux de l'Inde et de Ceylan. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 10, 165 - 249." type="journal article" year="1902">Forel, 1902: 184</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 198.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[738,839,1615,1636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(major worker), designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1158,1307,1614,1636]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1317,1389,1614,1636]" name="India" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined]. [Also described as new by
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Forel, A." box="[617,798,1645,1667]" page="546" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1902">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forel" box="[617,798,1645,1667]" firstAuthor="Forel" page="546" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="165 - 249" refId="ref47942" refString="Forel, A. (1902) Myrmicinae nouveaux de l'Inde et de Ceylan. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 10, 165 - 249." type="journal article" year="1902">Forel, 1902: 546</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
]. Subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Wilson & Taylor" authorityYear="1967" box="[973,1146,1645,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[973,1146,1645,1667]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Bolton, B." box="[1164,1358,1645,1667]" page="320" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bolton" box="[1164,1358,1645,1667]" firstAuthor="Bolton" page="320" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refId="ref46312" refString="Bolton, B. (1995) A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">Bolton, 1995: 320</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Junior synonym of
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Eguchi, K." box="[325,697,1675,1698]" page="198" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="2004">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority=": Eguchi, 2004: 198" authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="2004" box="[325,697,1675,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[325,495,1676,1698]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[508,697,1675,1697]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" page="198" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi, 2004: 198</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,480,1706,1728]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,480,1706,1728]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,480,1706,1728]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitation ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6290134" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6290134" author="Forel, A." box="[151,476,1706,1728]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AFEF0B5FB9C77E59584344D4A820F8C3" page="60" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FY73" authority="Forel, 1912: 60" authorityName="Forel" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,476,1706,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amia">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,301,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole amia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forel" box="[311,476,1706,1728]" firstAuthor="Forel" page="60" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="45 - 81" refId="ref48158" refString="Forel, A. (1912) H. Sauter's Formosa - Ausbeute: Formicidae. Entomologische Mitteilungen, 1, 45 - 81." type="journal article" year="1912">Forel, 1912: 60</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[489,590,1707,1728]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(major worker), designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[926,1078,1706,1728]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1092,1190,1706,1728]" name="Taiwan" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined]. Junior synonym of
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Eguchi, K." box="[325,697,1737,1759]" page="197" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="2004">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority=": Eguchi, 2004: 197" authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityPageNumber="197" authorityYear="2004" box="[325,697,1737,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[325,495,1737,1759]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[508,697,1737,1759]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" page="197" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi, 2004: 197</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,652,1768,1790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,652,1768,1790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,652,1768,1790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitation ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6290130" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6290130" author="Forel, A." box="[151,648,1768,1790]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CBCD1CCCAA3DB4D69B13B884D1177778" page="60" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Forel, 1912: 60" authorityName="Forel" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,648,1768,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="javana" variety="dolenda">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,322,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole javana</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[384,466,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">dolenda</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forel" box="[478,648,1768,1790]" firstAuthor="Forel" page="60" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="45 - 81" refId="ref48158" refString="Forel, A. (1912) H. Sauter's Formosa - Ausbeute: Formicidae. Entomologische Mitteilungen, 1, 45 - 81." type="journal article" year="1912">Forel, 1912: 60</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[664,765,1768,1789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(major worker), designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1114,1269,1768,1790]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1285,1382,1768,1790]" name="Taiwan" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined]. Subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityYear="2004" box="[464,634,1799,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[464,634,1799,1821]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Bolton, B." box="[647,834,1798,1820]" page="320" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bolton" box="[647,834,1798,1820]" firstAuthor="Bolton" page="320" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refId="ref46312" refString="Bolton, B. (1995) A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">Bolton, 1995: 320</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Junior synonym of
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Eguchi, K." box="[1040,1412,1798,1821]" page="198" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="2004">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority=": Eguchi, 2004: 198" authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="2004" box="[1040,1412,1798,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1040,1209,1799,1821]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1222,1412,1798,1820]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" page="198" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi, 2004: 198</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,766,1829,1851]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,766,1829,1851]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,766,1829,1851]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Santschi, F." box="[151,761,1829,1851]" page="48" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1928">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Santschi, 1928: 48" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,761,1829,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oceanica" subSpecies="nigriscapa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,345,1829,1851]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole oceanica</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,544,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">nigriscapa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Santschi" box="[557,761,1829,1851]" firstAuthor="Santschi" page="48" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="41 - 58" refId="ref49708" refString="Santschi, F. (1928) Insects of Samoa and Other Samoan Terrestrial Arthropoda 5. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. London, pp. 41 - 58." type="book chapter" year="1928">Santschi, 1928: 48</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[778,871,1829,1851]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(1 major worker, 7 minor workers):
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1291,1382,1829,1851]" name="Samoa" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">SAMOA</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined].
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A93CCE11FFDC4638FF31E1A3FBE730A8:244A29DCFFDC4635FE98E22FFECA3335" box="[318,381,1859,1881]" country="Samoa" name="Junior" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Junior</location>
|
||
synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=": Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45" authorityName=": Wilson & Taylor" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1967" box="[514,971,1859,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[514,684,1860,1882]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, E. & Taylor, R. W." box="[697,971,1859,1881]" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 109" part="14" refId="ref50926" refString="Wilson, E. O & Taylor, R. W. (1967) The ants of Polynesia. Pacific Insects Monograph, 14, 1 - 109." title="The ants of Polynesia" type="journal article" year="1967">Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,1042,1890,1912]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,1042,1890,1912]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,1042,1890,1912]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Cheesman, L. E. & Crawley, W. C." box="[151,1038,1890,1912]" page="516" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1928">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cheesman & Crawley, 1928: 516" authorityName="Cheesman & Crawley" authorityPageNumber="516" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,1038,1890,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="oceanica" subSpecies="nigriscapa" variety="tahitiana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,341,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole oceanica</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis box="[423,531,1891,1912]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">nigriscapa</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[587,678,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">tahitiana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cheesman & Crawley" box="[687,1038,1890,1912]" firstAuthor="Cheesman" page="516" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="514 - 525" refId="ref46488" refString="Cheesman, L. E. & Crawley, W. C. (1928) A contribution toward the Insect Fauna of French Oceania. Part III. Formicidae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2, 514 - 525." type="journal article" year="1928">Cheesman & Crawley, 1928: 516</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
TAHITI [not examined]. Unavailable name; material referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Wilson & Taylor" authorityYear="1967" box="[468,638,1921,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[468,638,1921,1943]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, E. & Taylor, R. W." box="[676,950,1921,1943]" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 109" part="14" refId="ref50926" refString="Wilson, E. O & Taylor, R. W. (1967) The ants of Polynesia. Pacific Insects Monograph, 14, 1 - 109." title="The ants of Polynesia" type="journal article" year="1967">Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 45</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,667,1952,1974]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" box="[151,667,1952,1974]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,667,1952,1974]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Wheeler, W. M." box="[151,663,1952,1974]" page="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1929">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Wheeler, 1929: 2" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,663,1952,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="javana" variety="desucta">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,322,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole javana</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[385,462,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">desucta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler" box="[475,663,1952,1974]" firstAuthor="Wheeler" page="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref50766" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1929) Some ants from China and Manchuria. American Museum Novitates, 361, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1929">Wheeler, 1929: 2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="322" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,1338,2005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[680,781,1952,1973]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(major worker), designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1131,1287,1952,1974]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 155" refId="ref46899" refString="Eguchi, K. (2001) A revision of the Bornean species of the ant genus Pheidole. Tropics, 2, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="2001">Eguchi (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1302,1382,1952,1974]" name="China" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined]. Subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Wilson & Taylor" authorityYear="1967" box="[464,634,1983,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[464,634,1983,2005]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Bolton, B." box="[647,834,1982,2004]" page="320" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bolton" box="[647,834,1982,2004]" firstAuthor="Bolton" page="320" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refId="ref46312" refString="Bolton, B. (1995) A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">Bolton, 1995: 320</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Junior synonym of
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Eguchi, K." box="[1040,1399,1982,2005]" page="53" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" year="2001">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority=": Eguchi, 2001: 53" authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="2001" box="[1040,1399,1982,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1040,1209,1983,2005]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1222,1399,1982,2004]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" page="53" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 155" refId="ref46899" refString="Eguchi, K. (2001) A revision of the Bornean species of the ant genus Pheidole. Tropics, 2, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="2001">Eguchi, 2001: 53</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,670,152,174]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1436,152,266]" box="[151,670,152,174]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,670,152,174]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Santschi, F." box="[151,666,152,174]" page="369" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" year="1937">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Santschi, 1937 b: 369" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="369" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,666,152,174]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="javana" variety="soror">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,320,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Pheidole javana</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[378,432,153,174]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">soror</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Santschi" box="[442,666,152,174]" firstAuthor="Santschi" page="369" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" pagination="361 - 388" refId="ref49855" refString="Santschi, F. (1937 b) Fourmis du Japon et de Formose. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 77, 361 - 388." type="journal article" year="1937" yearSuffix="b">Santschi, 1937b: 369</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1436,152,266]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[680,781,152,173]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(major worker), designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1120,1273,152,174]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1287,1385,152,174]" name="Taiwan" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined]. Subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityYear="2001" box="[464,634,183,205]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[464,634,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Bolton, B." box="[647,834,182,204]" page="330" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bolton" box="[647,834,182,204]" firstAuthor="Bolton" page="330" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" refId="ref46312" refString="Bolton, B. (1995) A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">Bolton, 1995: 330</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Junior synonym of
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Eguchi, K." box="[1040,1412,182,205]" page="198" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" year="2004">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority=": Eguchi, 2004: 198" authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="2004" box="[1040,1412,182,205]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1040,1209,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1222,1412,182,204]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" page="198" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi, 2004: 198</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,669,213,235]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1436,152,266]" box="[151,669,213,235]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,669,213,235]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="6N3H" authority="Santschi, 1941: 274" authorityName="Westwood" authorityPageNumber="274" authorityYear="1839" box="[151,665,213,235]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,313,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Pheidole nodus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Santschi, F." box="[327,665,213,235]" page="274" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" year="1941">
|
||
st.
|
||
<emphasis box="[363,436,214,235]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">azumai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Santschi" box="[449,665,213,235]" firstAuthor="Santschi" page="274" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" pagination="273 - 279" refId="ref49886" refString="Santschi, F. (1941) Quelques fourmis japonaises inedites. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 18, 273 - 279." type="journal article" year="1941">Santschi, 1941: 274</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1436,152,266]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[681,782,214,235]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(major worker), designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[1134,1289,213,235]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1306,1382,213,235]" name="Japan" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
[not examined]. Junior synonym of
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Eguchi, K." box="[514,886,243,266]" page="198" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" year="2004">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4FYC2" authority=": Eguchi, 2004: 198" authorityName=": Eguchi" authorityPageNumber="198" authorityYear="2004" box="[514,886,243,266]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[514,684,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[697,886,243,265]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" page="198" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi, 2004: 198</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5641591" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5641591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5641591/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" startId="22.[151,250,1735,1758]" targetBox="[151,1436,318,1716]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1436,1735,1788]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,283,1735,1758]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">FIGURE 17</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[290,524,1736,1758]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[290,460,1736,1758]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, full-face view (A), profile (B), and dorsal view (C) of minor worker (CASENT006581) and full-face view (D), profile (E), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT0060250).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="324" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1436,1833,2038]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="324" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,323,1833,1858]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Large species (WL major 1.06–1.17, WL minor 0.82–0.91), minor workers with relatively long scapes and legs (SI 133–154, FI 142–158) and major workers with long scapes and relatively long legs (SI 61–71, FI 84–91), both with promesonotal processes well developed and postpetiolar ventral process inconspicuous or very shallow.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[311,387,1941,1966]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Major</emphasis>
|
||
with frontal carinae reaching at least 4/5 of the distance to the posterior head margin, face longitudinally rugose, scrobe area and interspaces at sides of head punctate to weakly punctate, head in full-face view with coarse suberect hairs, eyes moderately large (EI 13–15), in profile metanotal groove vestigial to absent, propodeum sloped down toward spines, postpetiole in dorsal view trapezoidal and almost twice as wide as petiole (PpWI 172-195).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[352,428,187,212]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Minor</emphasis>
|
||
head oval and rounded posteriorly, occipital carina visible in full-face view but not well developed, face mostly smooth, often with fine, long rugulae at the sides, sometimes together with superficial punctures. Eyes moderately large (EI 21–25), dorsal promesonotum smooth, promesonotal process developed, subangulate in profile, metanotal groove well developed, impressed, propodeum relatively high and sloped toward spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,566,367,392]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Description of major workers:</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (n=5): HW 1.13–1.31 (1.25), HL 1.13–1.38 (1.28), SL 0.80– 0.86 (0.83), MDL 0.61–0.71 (0.67), EL 0.16–0.17 (0.17), WL 1.06–1.17 (1.14), PNH 0.41–0.49 (0.45), PNW 0.54–0.59 (0.56), MNH 0.72–0.79 (0.77), PDH 0.34–0.39 (0.36), PTL 0.36–0.40 (0.38), PPL 0.23–0.26 (0.24), PTH 0.22–0.26 (0.24), PPH 0.16–0.22 (0.20), PTW 0.17–0.20 (0.19), PPW 0.31–0.39 (0.34), PSL 0.13–0.17 (0.15), MFL 1.03–1.13 (1.08), MTL 0.77–0.84 (0.82), CI 95–100 (98), SI 61–71 (67), MDI 50–56 (53), EI 13–15 (13), FI 84–91 (87), PSLI 10–14 (12), LPpI 110–144 (120), DPpI 133–150 (143), PpWI 172–195 (183), PpLI 60– 68 (64), PpHI 70–95 (86).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Head almost as wide as long (CI 95–100), sides convex in full-face view. Mandibles smooth, moderately long (MDI 50–56), clypeus smooth, median carina absent and two weak lateral carinae present. Frontal carinae well developed and reaching at least 4/5 of the distance to posterior head margin, antennal scrobe present and punctate. Face longitudinally rugose, interspaces on frons superficially punctate, sides of head and posterolateral lobes with additional cross-meshes between rugae or weakly reticulate, interspaces punctate or weakly punctate. Scapes long (SI 61–71) with decumbent to subdecumbent pilosity and few longer, erect hairs on outer edge. Eyes well developed, moderately large (EI 13–15). Submedian hypostomal teeth and median process small to inconspicuous. Promesonotum high-domed, convex, posteriorly subangulate, in profile with prominent angulate promesonotal process and transverse groove. Dorsum of pronotum mostly smooth with some weak to superficial transverse rugulae, lateropronotum smooth except for weak to superficial curved rugulae, rest of mesosoma punctate, dorsally more weakly so, metanotal groove in profile not impressed or very shallow, with cross-ribs often reduced, dorsum of propodeum in profile usually weakly sloped toward spines and about as long as posterior declivity. Propodeal spines short-spiniform, acute, sometimes very weakly curved posteriorly, slightly shorter than distance between their bases (PSLI 10–14). Metatibia moderately long (FI 84–91), pilosity mostly subdecumbent, along outer edge also with longer suberect hairs. Postpetiole on average 1.4 times wider than long (DPpI 133–150) and 1.8 times wider than petiole (PpWI 172–195), postpetiole shape in dorsal view trapezoidal to hexagonal, sides angulate, ventral process absent or inconspicuous. Dorsum of petiole weakly to superficially punctate, of postpetiole smooth, remainder of both waist segments punctate. Gaster smooth. Standing hairs relatively coarse and abundant, of medium length to moderately long, yellowish, with shorter subdecumbent pilosity between. Color usually brown to darker brown, with darker gaster.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,566,1339,1364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Description of minor workers:</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (n=5): HW 0.52–0.61 (0.58), HL 0.66–0.71 (0.68), SL 0.80– 0.84 (0.81), MDL 0.40–0.44 (0.42), EL 0.13, WL 0.82–0.91 (0.86), PNH 0.30–0.31 (0.30), PNW 0.35–0.40 (0.37), MNH 0.57–0.59 (0.58), PDH 0.26–0.28 (0.27), PTL 0.22–0.30 (0.24), PPL 0.15–0.18 (0.16), PTH 0.14–0.18 (0.16), PPH 0.14–0.16 (0.15), PTW 0.11–0.13 (0.12), PPW 0.19–0.21 (0.19), PSL 0.06–0.08 (0.07), MFL 0.82– 0.90 (0.85), MTL 0.64–0.69 (0.66), CI 79–88 (85), SI 133–154 (140), MDI 70–77 (73), EI 21–25 (22), FI 142–158 (147), PSLI 10–13 (12), LPpI 50–53 (52), DPpI 117–133 (122), PpWI 161–173 (166), PpLI 61–70 (65), PpHI 89– 100 (96).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1440,151,1220]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Head shape roundly oval, longer than wide (CI 79–88), sides convex, posterior head margin relatively wide and weakly rounded, occipital carina visible in full-face view, narrow. Mandibles moderately long (MDI 70–77), longitudinally rugulose. Clypeus smooth, sometimes with short lateral carinae present. Face mostly smooth to superficially punctate, several strong oblique malar carinae present, reaching posterior eye level, sometimes with weak punctures in between, sculpture fading posterior of eyes. Scapes relatively long, about 1.2 times longer than head (SI 133–154), when laid back surpassing posterior head margin by about the length of eleventh funicular segment, with coarse, mostly suberect pilosity. Pronotum in profile flatly convex and subangulate, posterior promesonotal process well developed, bluntly subangulate and prominently produced, metanotal groove well developed and impressed, with weak to inconspicuous cross-ribs, propodeum slightly longer than high, in profile declining smoothly or convexly toward spines. Propodeal spines very short to short-triangular and acute, much shorter than distance between their bases (PSLI 14–19). Promesonotum usually smooth to mostly smooth, remainder of mesosoma punctate to weakly punctate. Metafemur relatively long (FI 142–158), metatibia mostly with subdecumbent to suberect pilosity. Postpetiole usually slightly longer than high (LPpI 100–113), on average 1.7 times wider (PpWI 161–173) and significantly shorter than petiole (PpLI 61–70), with ventral process inconspicuous or very small. Dorsum of petiolar node and postpetiole mostly smooth, remainder weakly to superficially punctate. Gaster smooth and shiny. Standing hairs moderately long, abundant, and blunt, with shorter subdecumbent to suberect pilosity. Color light to darker reddish brown, head usually darker.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="325" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="24.[151,1440,151,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,331,356]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[341,529,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[341,529,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Pheidole fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[720,836,332,356]" name="Singapore" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
, is a widespread invasive species and could be native to the Oriental or the Oceanic region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[578,725,367,391]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, E. & Taylor, R. W." box="[736,992,367,391]" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 109" part="14" refId="ref50926" refString="Wilson, E. O & Taylor, R. W. (1967) The ants of Polynesia. Pacific Insects Monograph, 14, 1 - 109." title="The ants of Polynesia" type="journal article" year="1967">Wilson & Taylor 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It usually nests in soil or under stones and usually prefers disturbed habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eguchi" box="[590,740,404,428]" firstAuthor="Eguchi" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" pagination="189 - 209" refId="ref46926" refString="Eguchi, K. (2004) Taxonomic revision of two wide-ranging Asian ants, Pheidole fervens and P. indica, and related species. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105, 189 - 209." type="journal article" year="2004">Eguchi 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). On
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[802,841,404,428]" name="Fiji" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fiji</collectingCountry>
|
||
it was collected in elevations between
|
||
<quantity box="[1288,1388,404,428]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.005" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.01" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" unit="m" value="400.5" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="1.0">1–800 m</quantity>
|
||
and tended to inhabit several different habitats from forest edge and mangrove forest to disturbed and undisturbed rainforest. On
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[318,430,476,500]" name="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which seems to be its western distribution limit, this ant was found in the leaf litter of lowland rainforest (
|
||
<quantity box="[371,444,511,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation). As with most other introduced ants, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1077,1228,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teneriffana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1077,1228,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. teneriffana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is unclear what effect, if any,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[316,429,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[316,429,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might have on the rest of the local ant fauna. Considering that the ecosystems of the
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[151,260,583,607]" name="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
islands have been severely altered and disturbed since the arrival of human settlers several hundred years ago, and native species must also contend with the invasions of introduced organisms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher" box="[1143,1283,620,644]" firstAuthor="Fisher" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" pagination="657 - 667" refId="ref47504" refString="Fisher, B. L. (2005) A new species of Discothyrea Roger from Mauritius and a new species of Proceratium Roger from Madagascar. Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciences, 56, 657 - 667." type="journal article" year="2005">Fisher 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ward" box="[1295,1424,620,644]" firstAuthor="Ward" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" pagination="3 - 5" refId="ref50372" refString="Ward, P. S. (1990) The endangered ants of Mauritius: Doomed like the Dodo? Notes from the Underground, 4, 3 - 5." type="journal article" year="1990">Ward 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), parts of the original ant fauna might have been marginalized or driven to extinction long ago. We speculate that the scarcity of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[278,389,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[278,389,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[552,661,692,716]" name="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
ant collections and its presence in the rainforest means that this ant has not yet become an invasive and dominant aggressor toward other ant species. Nevertheless, efforts to further investigate the presence and activity of introduced
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[774,969,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[774,873,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Pheidole</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are worthwhile, especially in the few remaining undisturbed habitats. The workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[712,825,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[712,825,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily confused with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1275,1429,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teneriffana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1275,1429,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. teneriffana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Morphologically the minor workers are best separated by coarse, mostly suberect scape pilosity, impressed metanotal groove, relatively smaller eyes and shorter spines (EI 21–25, PSLI 10–13) in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1234,1350,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1234,1350,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
versus decumbent to subdecumbent scape pilosity with longer suberect hairs along outer edge, inconspicuous metanotal groove in profile, and larger eyes and longer spines (EI 25–30, PSLI 14–19) in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1031,1181,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teneriffana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1031,1181,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. teneriffana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The major workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[151,263,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,263,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are recognizable by having longer scapes (SI 61–71 versus SI 49–62) and a narrower postpetiole in dorsal view than
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[341,491,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teneriffana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[341,491,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. teneriffana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(DPpI 133–150 and PpWI 172–195 versus DPpI 146–235 and PpWI 190–247). In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. fervens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the pilosity in the face and on the metatibia is coarser and at least partly suberect, and the punctures on the sides of the face are stronger than the thinner and more decumbent to subdecumbent pilosity and superficial punctures on the sides of the face in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[560,710,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teneriffana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[560,710,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">P. teneriffana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="325" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="24.[151,1440,151,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
||
Additional material examined:
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3736261325" collectingDate="2005-05-27" collectingDateMax="2007-05-06" collectingDateMin="2005-05-27" collectorName="B. L. Fisher" country="Mauritius" county="La Nicoliere Reserve" elevation="200" latitude="-20.3455" location="Brise Mt." longLatPrecision="7" longitude="57.7547" municipality="Bambous" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[601,764,1159,1184]" name="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[601,764,1159,1184]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">MAURITIUS</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A93CCE11FFDC4638FF31E1A3FBE730A8:244A29DCFFD14638FCB2E1E4FC3D30F3" box="[788,906,1160,1184]" country="Mauritius" county="La Nicoliere Reserve" latitude="-20.3455" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="57.7547" municipality="Bambous" name="Brise Mt." pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Brise Mt.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[926,1035,1160,1184]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Bambous</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1056,1180,1160,1184]" degrees="20.3455" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" precision="5" value="-20.3455">20.3455 S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1201,1328,1160,1184]" degrees="57.7547" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" precision="5" value="57.7547">57.7547 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[1349,1431,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" unit="m" value="200.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1349,1431,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, rainforest,
|
||
<date box="[272,382,1196,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" value="2005-05-27">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[272,382,1196,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" value="2005-05-27">27.v.2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[398,581,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
||
<collectorName box="[398,525,1196,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">B.L. Fisher</collectorName>
|
||
et al
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3736261470" box="[612,1099,1196,1220]" collectingDate="2007-05-06" collectingDateMax="2007-05-06" collectingDateMin="2005-05-27" collectorName="M. Madl" country="Mauritius" county="La Nicoliere Reserve" elevation="200" latitude="-20.3455" location="La Nicoliere Reserve" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="57.7547" municipality="Bambous" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[612,853,1196,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">La Nicolière Reserve</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[864,974,1196,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" value="2007-05-06">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[864,974,1196,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" value="2007-05-06">06.v.2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[991,1087,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
|
||
<collectorName box="[991,1087,1196,1220]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">M. Madl</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |