300 lines
29 KiB
XML
300 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c8d8e79-b176-41e6-87c9-fb6f4b5ff9a6" ID-PMC="PMC7591553" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-976-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" ID-PubMed="33173395" ID-ZooBank="B755A1D5D42D4CA589BE10C11EAB4580" ModsDocID="1313-2970-976-1" checkinTime="1603239875264" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2020" docId="9DA9686512CA5795A7A7C7637D9B041D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 976: 1-100" docOrigin="ZooKeys 976" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859" docTitle="Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169619115" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pholyotha, Arthit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-1164</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>976</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>100</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-976-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168504522" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9DA9686512CA5795A7A7C7637D9B041D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9DA9686512CA5795A7A7C7637D9B041D" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName LSID="9DA96865-12CA-5795-A7A7-C7637D9B041D" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1907" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sarika</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica, Taylor & Francis, London. Volume 1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B25" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1898, 1907. [1897-1914] Land and Freshwater Mollusca of India, Including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other Islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica, Taylor & Francis, London. Volume 2, 442 pp. [pls 63-158; 47-86, pls 70-82 [1898]; 147-238, pls 101-117 [1907]]" title="[1897 - 1914] Land and Freshwater Mollusca of India, Including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other Islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica, Taylor & Francis, London. Volume 2, 442 pp. [pls 63 - 158; 47 - 86, pls 70 - 82 [1898]; 147 - 238, pls 101 - 117 [1907 ]]" year="1898, 1907">Godwin-Austen 1907</bibRefCitation>
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: 179.
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<bibRefCitation author="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="Blanford, WT, Godwin-Austen, HH, 1908. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae." year="1908">Blanford and Godwin-Austen 1908</bibRefCitation>
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: 276.
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<bibRefCitation author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B95" refString="Zilch, A, 1959. Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin" title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1959">Zilch 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 325.
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<bibRefCitation author="Solem, A" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 110" refId="B82" refString="Solem, A, 1966. Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand. Spolia Zoologia Musei Hauniensis 24: 1 - 110" title="Some non-marine mollusks from Thailand." volume="24" year="1966">Solem 1966</bibRefCitation>
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: 36.
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<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1167 - 1307" refId="B76" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2002. Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 9. Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 1167 - 1307" title="Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 9. Helicarionidae, Gymnarionidae, Rhysotinidae, Ariophantidae." volume="2" year="2002">Schileyko 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 1288.
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<bibRefCitation author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 100" refId="B85" refString="Sutcharit, C, Panha, S, 2008. Taxonomic re-evaluation of Sarika diadema (Dall, 1897) and S. asamurai (Panha, 1997), two endemic land snails from Thailand (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae: Macrochlamydinae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56: 95 - 100" title="Taxonomic re-evaluation of Sarika diadema (Dall, 1897) and S. asamurai (Panha, 1997), two endemic land snails from Thailand (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae: Macrochlamydinae)." volume="56" year="2008">Sutcharit and Panha 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 96.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" author="Pholyotha, A" journalOrPublisher="Molluscan Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 204" refId="B69" refString="Pholyotha, A, Sutcharit, C, Tongkerd, P, Lin, A, Panha, S, 2020c. Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species. Molluscan Research 40: 183 - 204, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" title="Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" volume="40" year="2020 c">Pholyotha et al. 2020c</bibRefCitation>
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: 13, 14.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.674" author="Pholyotha, A" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 21" refId="B67" refString="Pholyotha, A, Sutcharit, C, Thach, P, Chhuoy, S, Ngor, PB, Panha, S, 2020a. Land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Cambodia, with description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 674: 1 - 21, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.674" title="Land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Cambodia, with description of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.674" volume="674" year="2020 a">Pholyotha et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
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: 5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix resplendens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="resplendens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helix resplendens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Philippi, RA" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B65" refString="Philippi, RA, 1846. Vier neue Konchylienarten. Zeitschrift fuer Malakozoologie 3, 191-192." title="Vier neue Konchylienarten. Zeitschrift fuer Malakozoologie 3, 191 - 192." year="1846">Philippi 1846</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation in
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<bibRefCitation author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica, Taylor & Francis, London. Volume 1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B25" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1898, 1907. [1897-1914] Land and Freshwater Mollusca of India, Including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other Islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica, Taylor & Francis, London. Volume 2, 442 pp. [pls 63-158; 47-86, pls 70-82 [1898]; 147-238, pls 101-117 [1907]]" title="[1897 - 1914] Land and Freshwater Mollusca of India, Including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other Islands of the Indian Ocean. Supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica, Taylor & Francis, London. Volume 2, 442 pp. [pls 63 - 158; 47 - 86, pls 70 - 82 [1898]; 147 - 238, pls 101 - 117 [1907 ]]" year="1898, 1907">Godwin-Austen 1907</bibRefCitation>
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: 179.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
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thin to moderately solid, semi-translucent, pale milky to brown, depressed discoidal to globosely depressed with 5-8 convex whorls. Shell surface smooth, glossy, with very fine growth lines. Body whorl rounded, angulated to shouldered. Aperture crescentic with simple lip or rarely expanded lip. Umbilicus narrowly opened.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genitalia</emphasis>
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with penial retractor muscle attached to tip of epiphallic caecum; penis generally without penial verge, except for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. consepta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="consepta">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. consepta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697305" author="Benson, WH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Musee ďHistoire Naturelle de Marseille, Serie II" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Benson, WH, 1860. Characters of new land-shells from Burmah and the Andamans. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 3, 6: 190-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697305" title="Characters of new land-shells from Burmah and the Andamans. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 3, 6: 190 - 195." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008697305" year="1860">Benson 1860</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. nana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. nana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Pholyotha & Panha, 2020 (see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.674" author="Pholyotha, A" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 21" refId="B67" refString="Pholyotha, A, Sutcharit, C, Thach, P, Chhuoy, S, Ngor, PB, Panha, S, 2020a. Land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Cambodia, with description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 674: 1 - 21, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.674" title="Land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Cambodia, with description of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.674" volume="674" year="2020 a">Pholyotha et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" author="Pholyotha, A" journalOrPublisher="Molluscan Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 204" refId="B69" refString="Pholyotha, A, Sutcharit, C, Tongkerd, P, Lin, A, Panha, S, 2020c. Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species. Molluscan Research 40: 183 - 204, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" title="Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" volume="40" year="2020 c">2020c</bibRefCitation>
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), rarely present pseudo-verge; flagellum short to long; gametolytic duct long; dart apparatus large cylindrical.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spermatophore</emphasis>
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long and needle-shaped with three recognizable sections: (i) head filament rather short, (ii) cylindrical sperm sac containing sperm mass, and (iii) tail filament long thick walled tube with small hole in cross section and several spines present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radular teeth</emphasis>
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with symmetrical tricuspid central tooth, asymmetrical tricuspid lateral teeth, and bicuspid marginal teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sarika</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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with well-developed mantle edge (mantle lobe) with four lobes (one shell lobe and three dorsal lobes) or five lobes (two shell lobes and three dorsal lobes); sole tripartite, lateral foot margin, caudal foss, and caudal horn present.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464384" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Schematic drawing of the mantle terminology of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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showing five mantle lobes (two shell lobes and three dorsal lobes).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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All species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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whose genital anatomy is known have a straight (un-coiled) epiphallic caecum and can be divided into three species groups. This informal subdivision is based on the number of mantle lobes, structure of genitalia and spermatophore (when available). It may be helpful as an alternative aid to identification.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Group I:
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika resplendens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="resplendens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika resplendens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group.
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</emphasis>
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Has five mantle lobes (with left shell lobe; Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Schematic drawing of the mantle terminology of Sarika showing five mantle lobes (two shell lobes and three dorsal lobes)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464384" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Living snails of group I: Sarika resplendens group. A Sarika resplendens specimen CUMZ 7843 showing left shell lobe lobes (lsl) B S. resplendens specimen CUMZ 7827 C mating pairs of S. resplendens CUMZ 7876 D S. dohrniana specimen CUMZ 7611 E S. obesior specimen CUMZ 7673 F S. limbata specimen CUMZ 7652. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9A</figureCitation>
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), penis without penial verge and pseudo-verge (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. An illustrated synopsis of the shell and penis. A shell shape B whorl periphery C inner sculpture of the penis D appendage inside penis (no penial verge, pseudo-verge, and penial verge). Yellow arrowheads indicate the invagination of the penial wall." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3D</figureCitation>
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) and spermatophore usually with three spines on the connection between sperm sac and tail filament (Fig.
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. An illustrated synopsis of the spermatophore. A sculpture of head filament B branching spines on the region near the sperm sac of the tail filament C cross section of tail filament with a hollow tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
|
|
). This group comprises 10 species:
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. resplendens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="resplendens">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. resplendens</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dohrniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dohrniana">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. dohrniana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. obesior" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="obesior">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. obesior</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. limbata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="limbata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. limbata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. heptagyra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="heptagyra">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. heptagyra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. kawtaoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kawtaoensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. kawtaoensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. caligina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="caligina">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. caligina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. lactospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lactospira">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. lactospira</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. megalogyne" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="megalogyne">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. megalogyne</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. subheptagyra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="subheptagyra">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. subheptagyra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
|
An illustrated synopsis of the shell and penis.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
shell shape
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
whorl periphery
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
inner sculpture of the penis
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
appendage inside penis (no penial verge, pseudo-verge, and penial verge). Yellow arrowheads indicate the invagination of the penial wall.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Group II:
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika hainesi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika hainesi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Has four mantle lobes (left shell lobe wanting; Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Living snails of group II: Sarika hainesi group. A Sarika bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 showing no left shell lobe (yellow arrow) B S. hainesi specimen CUMZ 7237 C S. bocourti specimen CUMZ 7591 D S. inferospira sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 7257 E S. melanospira sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7243, and F S. pellosa sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7517. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464415" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33A</figureCitation>
|
|
), penis without penial verge and pseudo-verge, and spermatophore usually with two spines on connection between sperm sac and tail filament (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. An illustrated synopsis of the spermatophore. A sculpture of head filament B branching spines on the region near the sperm sac of the tail filament C cross section of tail filament with a hollow tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
|
|
). This group comprises five species:
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. hainesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hainesi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. hainesi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. bocourti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bocourti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. bocourti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. inferospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inferospira">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. inferospira</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. melanospira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanospira">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. melanospira</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. pellosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pellosa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pellosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Group III:
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Has five mantle lobes as in group I, penis with pseudo-verge (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. An illustrated synopsis of the shell and penis. A shell shape B whorl periphery C inner sculpture of the penis D appendage inside penis (no penial verge, pseudo-verge, and penial verge). Yellow arrowheads indicate the invagination of the penial wall." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464385" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3D</figureCitation>
|
|
), which probably originates from an invagination of the penial wall to become a large papilla (penial verge like). Unfortunately, no information about the spermatophore. This group comprises two species:
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dugasti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. dugasti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
|
An illustrated synopsis of the spermatophore.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
sculpture of head filament
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
branching spines on the region near the sperm sac of the tail filament
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
cross section of tail filament with a hollow tube.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |