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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.741.21036" ID-GBIF-Dataset="221ec296-9cef-4e01-9146-eeab6444e830" ID-PMC="PMC5906742" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970--181" ID-PubMed="29674893" ID-ZBK="73E7AAF291F54248B1508E0C9412E77A" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970--181" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys " ModsDocTitle="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis, a new species of centipede from high altitude forest in central Taiwan (Chilopoda, Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae)" checkinTime="1555317550495" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chao, Jui-Lung, Lee, Kwen-Shen &amp; Chang, Hsueh-Wen" docDate="2018" docId="87D2447F5CF1CFC2F4E2F4520412F076" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 741: 181-192" docOrigin="ZooKeys 741" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.741.21036" docTitle="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis Chao, Lee &amp; Chang, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="C7382703-E3CE-445D-8166-6A3C34416C04" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="188" masterDocId="AF36FF8BDD4A3552FFB33D437040FFC4" masterDocTitle="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis, a new species of centipede from high altitude forest in central Taiwan (Chilopoda, Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="192" masterPageNumber="181" pageNumber="183" updateTime="1668165505718" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis, a new species of centipede from high altitude forest in central Taiwan (Chilopoda, Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chao, Jui-Lung</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lee, Kwen-Shen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chang, Hsueh-Wen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>741</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>181</mods:start>
<mods:end>192</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.741.21036</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.741.21036</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970--181</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">73E7AAF291F54248B1508E0C9412E77A</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156200078" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C7382703-E3CE-445D-8166-6A3C34416C04" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/87D2447F5CF1CFC2F4E2F4520412F076" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="183" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/C7382703-E3CE-445D-8166-6A3C34416C04" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="183">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="183" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
Holotype ♂ (NMNS7634-073): Taiwan, Nantou County, Mei-Feng Farm, apple orchard,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="24.083334">24°05'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="121.166664">121°10'E</geoCoordinate>
, 2080 m, 19 Feb 2002, leg. Sheng-Hai Wu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Paratypes:1♂ (NMNS7634-072), grassland; 1♂ (NMNS7634-074), plum orchard; 1♂ (NMNS7634-075); 1♀ (NMNS7634-068), pear orchard; 2♀ (NMNS7634-071), waste land; 1♂1♀ (NMNS7634-070), grassland; same data as holotype.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="183" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">1♀ (NMNS7634-096), pear orchard; 3♀ (NMNS7634-098), plum orchard; 1♂1♀ (NMNS7634-099), plum orchard; 1♂ (NMNS7634-100), pear orchard; 1♂4♀ (NMNS7843-006), grassland; 2♂1♀ (NMNS7843-007), grassland; 1♂2♀ (NMNS7843-003), grassland; 2♂5♀ (NMNS7843-004), plum orchard; 2♀ (NMNS7843-005), pear orchard; 2♀ (NMNS7843-002), grassland; 1♂ (NMNS7843-001), pear orchard; 2♂5♀ (NMNS7843-009), grassland; 2♂1♀ (NMNS7843-008), pear orchard; same locality as holotype, 15 Apr 2002, leg. Sheng-Hai Wu.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="183" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Refers to the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="183" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
A species of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
Leach, 1814, subgenus
<taxonomicName lsidName="(Monotarsobius)" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Monotarsobius</taxonomicName>
Verhoeff, 1905, normally with 19+19 elongate antennal articles, body length approximately 9 mm; cephalic plate 0.8-0.9 times as long as wide; six ocelli [one posterior and three dorsal, two ventral] on each side, posterior ocellus comparatively large;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tömösvárys">Toemoesvary's</normalizedToken>
organ moderately small, slightly larger than adjacent ocelli; 2+2 coxosternal teeth; porodonts moderately slender, posterolateral to the outer tooth; posterior angles of all tergites lacking triangular projections; tarsi fused on legs 1-13; male secondary sexual characters on legs 15, a large ventral domed swelling on femur (Figure 1), and a dorsal shallow excavation on tarsus 2; coxal pores round, 3333 in males, 3443 or 3444 in females; female gonopods with 2+2 sharp coniform spurs, claw undivided.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
Figure 1.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., A ♂(NMNS7843-004), lateral view of male 15th legs B ♂(NMNS7634-074), lateral view of male 15th femur.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Body length: 7.0-9.8 mm. Body colour (in alcohol): yellowish with dark patches.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Antennae with 19 articles (Figure 2A); basal three articles typically wider than long, following articles markedly longer than wide; distal article much longer than wide, up to 2.8 times as long as wide; abundant setae on antennal surface, less so on basal articles, gradual increase in density to around fourth article, then more or less constant in number.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. ♂ (NMNS7843-007), A habitus, dorsal view B cephalic plate C small pores of flexo-canal epidermal glands (gp) and large pores of recto-canal epidermal glands (gp*) on the cephalic plate.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
Cephalic plate smooth, convex, 0.8-0.9 times as long as wide; posterior marginal ridge moderately broader and weakly concave (Figure 2B); small pores of flexo-canal epidermal glands (gp), large pores of recto-canal epidermal glands (gp*) and setae scattered sparsely over the whole surface (Figure 2C) (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
, 2009).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Six ocelli on each side, one posterior and three dorsal, two ventral, arranged in two irregular row (Figure 3A); the posterior ocellus comparatively large; ocelli domed, translucent, usually darkly pigmented.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
Figure 3.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A ♂(NMNS7843-004), six ocelli on right side B ♂ (NMNS7843-008),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tömösvárys">Toemoesvary's</normalizedToken>
organ (To).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="184" start="start">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tömösvárys">Toemoesvary's</normalizedToken>
</pageBreakToken>
organ comparatively small, nearly rounded; situated at anterolateral margin of cephalic plate, slightly bigger than the adjoining ocelli (Figure 3B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">Forcipular coxosternite sub-trapezoidal, anterior margin narrow, external side lightly longer than internal side; median longitudinal cleft moderately deep (Figure 4A); anterior border with 2+2 large triangular coxosternal teeth, inner tooth slightly larger than outer one; porodonts moderately slender, setiform, posterolateral to the outer tooth (Figure 4B); some scattered setae on the ventral side of coxosternite.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., A ♂ (NMNS7634-070), ventral view of the head B ♂ (NMNS7843-008), coxosternal teeth and porodonts.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">Tergites smooth, without wrinkles, backside slightly hunched; T1 generally trapeziform, posterior margin narrower than anterior margin, narrower than T3 and the cephalic plate; T3 slightly narrower than the cephalic plate; posterior margin of TT1, 3, 5, 8, 10 and 12 weakly concave; TT1, 3 and 5 with continuous lateral and posterior marginal ridges, other tergites with discontinuous posterior marginal ridges; posterior angles of all tergites lacking triangular projections (Figure 2A); tiny setae scattered very sparsely over the surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">Sternites narrower posteriorly, generally trapeziform, comparatively smooth, setae emerging from pores scattered very sparsely over the surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
Legs: tarsi fused on legs 1-13 (Figure 5A), well-defined on legs 14-15; all legs with fairly long claws, curved ventrally; anterior and posterior accessory spines on legs 1-14, the anterior one moderately slender, the posterior spine short and thick (Figure 5B); legs15 lack anterior accessory spines; legs 14-15 with numerous large pores (9.1-11.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) of the telopodal glands on the inner surfaces of femur, tibia, tarsus 1 and tarsus 2 (Figure 5C), the pores each opening into the centre of a bell-shaped cavity (3.5-3.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) (Figure 5C), some small pores (1.4-1.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) of flexo-canal epidermal glands sparsely distributed along the border of the epidermal cells (Figure 5D). Male 15th legs with secondary sexual character; female legs 15 and other legs without secondary sexual characters on femur or tibia (Figure 7A). Leg plectrotaxy as in Table 1.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
Figure 5.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A, B, ♀NMNS7843-009: A the 1st to 4th leg-bearing segments, ventral view B the claw of 4th leg C, D ♂ NMNS7634-070): C left 15th leg and right 14th leg, lateral-ventral view D large pores of the telopodal glands (tp) and small pore of flexo-canal epidermal gland (gp) on the 15th leg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="E3756217F05B05D5E4DCD4DE8738C089" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E3756217F05B05D5E4DCD4DE8738C089" pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
Table 1. Leg plectrotaxy of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<table pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="2">leg</th>
<th colspan="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">Ventral</th>
<th colspan="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">Dorsal</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="184">
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">C</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">t</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">P</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">F</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">Ti</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">C</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">t</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">P</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">F</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="184" rowspan="1">Ti</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="185">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="185" start="start">Male</pageBreakToken>
secondary sexual character on leg 15: a large domed swelling on the ventral surface of femur, covering almost 50% (Figure 1, 6A); the surface of femoral swelling lacks the large pores of the telopodal glands (Figure 6B); the gently curved apical region bears approximately 20 short setae, and numerous very small pores (0.8-1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) of flexo-canal epidermal glands densely distributed (Figure 6C); a dorsal shallow excavation on the tarsus 2 (Figure 5C).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="185">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="185">
Figure 6.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
<normalizedToken originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
♂ NMNS7634-070): A the femur and tibia of male 15th leg, ventral view B a large domed swelling on the ventral surface of male 15th femur C apical region of the swelling on the male 15th femur D ♂ NMNS7843-008, male genital sternite and 15th sternite.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="186">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="186" start="start">Coxal</pageBreakToken>
pores: 3333 in males, 3443 or 3444 in females, round, coxal pore field set in a relatively shallow groove, margin of coxal pore-field with slightly eminence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="186">Male sternite 15: trapeziform, posterolaterally narrower than anterolaterally, posterior margin straight, long setae scattered sparsely over the surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="186">Male first genital sternite: wider than long, usually well chitinised; posterior margin quite deeply concave between the gonopods, without a medial bulge (Figure 6D); comparatively long setae evenly scattered on the ventral surface; gonopods short and small, with 2-3 long setae, apically slightly chitinized.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="186">Female sternite 15: generally trapeziform, anterolaterally broader than posterolaterally, posterior margin straight, long setae scattered sparsely over the surface; the sternite of genital segment well chitinised, wider than long; posterior margin of genital sternite deeply concave (Figure 7B); short to long setae sparsely scattered over the ventral surface of the genital segment.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="186">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="186">
Figure 7.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A (♀ NMNS7843-005): 15th leg and female gonopod; B, C (♀ NMNS7843-009): B female genital sternite C terminal claw of female gonopod.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="186">Female gonopod: first article fairly broad, bearing 11-13 long setae, arranged in three irregular rows; 2+2 sharp coniform spurs, inner spur smaller (Figure 7A, B); second article with 7-9 rather long setae arranged in two irregular rows on its ventral side; third article usually with 2-3 long setae on its ventral surface; terminal claw undivided, bearing a few thick sensilla coeloconica on its dorsodistal and ventral surface (Figure 7C).</paragraph>
<subSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="5" pageNumber="186" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="186">Remarks</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="5" pageNumber="186">
Some
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lithobius</taxonomicName>
species, all from Russia, also have distinct sexual characters on male leg 15: the proximal part of male 15th tibia of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) kurcheavae" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurcheavae" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) kurcheavae</taxonomicName>
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="187" start="start">described</pageBreakToken>
by
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="187">Zalesskaja (1978)</bibRefCitation>
has a large swelling bearing a tuft of long bristles, and a longitudinal deep excavation on the dorsal surface; the dorsal surface of the male 15th tibia of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) evsyukovi" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evsyukovi" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) evsyukovi</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Zuev, RV" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="15 - 24" title="Two new species of lithobiid centipedes (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha) from the northern Caucasus, Russia." volume="26" year="2017">Zuev 2017</bibRefCitation>
) a large, flat, ovoid wart supporting a few short setae at apex; the dorsal surface of 15th tibia
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) ferganensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferganensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) ferganensis</taxonomicName>
(Trotzina, 1894) a small cylindrical wart supporting a few short setae at apex; while the male 15th tibia of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Chinobius) yuchernovi" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yuchernovi" subGenus="Chinobius">Lithobius (Chinobius) yuchernovi</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Farzalieva, SG" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="8" pageNumber="189" pagination="95 - 108" title="Lithobius (Chinobius) yuchernovi, a new lithobiid species from northeastern Siberia and the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia (Chilopoda, Lithobiomorpha)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.14769" volume="693" year="2017">Farzalieva et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
) is characterized by a tubercle supporting a cluster of curved and long setae on the ventral surface.
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. differs from those by its unique male secondary sexual character on the ventral surface of 15th femur, a large swelling with approximately 20 short setae and numerous very small pores, not found in any of those congeners.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
Records of the species of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius)" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius)</taxonomicName>
from Taiwan by Takakuwa and Wang are listed as follows: locality: old name = new name; place name ??: unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) ramulosus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramulosus" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) ramulosus</taxonomicName>
(Takakuwa, 1941)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
[1]
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius ramulosus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramulosus">Monotarsobius ramulosus</taxonomicName>
Takakuwa, 1941a - Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 31 (213): 294-295; fig. 5, 6 (original description, key) (locality: Keisyu = Xizhou)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius ramulosus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramulosus">Monotarsobius ramulosus</taxonomicName>
: Takakuwa, 1941b - Fauna Nippon. 9(8-3): 74; fig. 84; (description, key) (locality: Keisyu = Xizhou)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius ramulosus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramulosus">Monotarsobius ramulosus</taxonomicName>
: Takakuwa, 1942 -Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 32(231): 360 (locality: Keisyu = Xizhou)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius ramulosus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramulosus">Monotarsobius ramulosus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="13 - 16" title="Serica 1 a: Records of myriapods on Formosa with description of new species." volume="8" year="1955">Wang 1955</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 8(1): 16 (locality: Taipei)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius ramulosus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramulosus">Monotarsobius ramulosus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="155 - 159" title="Serica 1 e: Records of myriapods on Formosa with description of new species (2)." volume="9" year="1956">Wang 1956</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 9(2): 159 (locality: Hualien)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) obtusus</taxonomicName>
(Takakuwa, 1941)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
[1]
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">Monotarsobius obtusus</taxonomicName>
Takakuwa, 1941a - Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 31 (213): 293-294; fig. 2 (original description, key) (locality: Keisyu = Xizhou, Shaka = Shalu, Tikunan = Zhunan)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">Monotarsobius obtusus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="187">Takakuwa 1941b</bibRefCitation>
- Fauna Nippon. 9(8-3): 75; fig. 85; (description, key) (locality: Keisyu = Xizhou, Shaka = Shalu)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">Monotarsobius obtusus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="13 - 16" title="Serica 1 a: Records of myriapods on Formosa with description of new species." volume="8" year="1955">Wang 1955</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 8(1): 16 (locality: Shin-Tien = Hsintien)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">Monotarsobius obtusus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="155 - 159" title="Serica 1 e: Records of myriapods on Formosa with description of new species (2)." volume="9" year="1956">Wang 1956</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 9(2): 159 (locality: Hualien)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">Monotarsobius obtusus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="23 - 29" title="Serica 1 f: Records of myriapods on Taiwan Islands (3) - Pescadore Islets, Kao-Yung, Pingtung, Changhua and Taipei." volume="10" year="1957">Wang 1957</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 10(1): 28 (locality: Kao Yung ??)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">Monotarsobius obtusus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="195 - 199" title="Serica 1 j: On Chilopoda from Taiwan with a new Lithobid." volume="12" year="1959">Wang 1959</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 12(3, 4): 198 (locality: Taipei, Kao Yung ??)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus">Monotarsobius obtusus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="89 - 96" title="Serica 1 q: Millipedes and Chilopoda of Quemoy, Fukien Province and Taiwan Island, Botel Tobago (Lan Yu), Taiwan province and of Singapore." volume="16" year="1963">Wang 1963</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 16(1, 2): 95 (locality: Rai Wu ??)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) holstii" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holstii" subGenus="Monotarsobius">
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="188" start="start">Lithobius</pageBreakToken>
(Monotarsobius) holstii
</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
[1]
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius crassipes" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="crassipes" subspecies="holstii">Monotarsobius crassipes holstii</taxonomicName>
(+
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. takakuwai" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="takakuwai">M. takakuwai</taxonomicName>
):
<bibRefCitation author="Takakuwa, Y" journalOrPublisher="Transaction of Natural History Society Formosa" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="292 - 297" title="Ueber Einige Japanische Lithobiiden." volume="31" year="1941 a">Takakuwa 1941a</bibRefCitation>
- Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 31 (213): 292-293; fig. 1(description, key)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius crassipes" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="crassipes" subspecies="holstii">Monotarsobius crassipes holstii</taxonomicName>
(+
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. takakuwai" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="takakuwai">M. takakuwai</taxonomicName>
):
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="188">Takakuwa 1941b</bibRefCitation>
- Fauna Nippon. 9 (8-3): 78-79; fig. 90-91; (description, key) (locality: Puli, Taipei)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
[2]
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius crassipes" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassipes">Monotarsobius crassipes</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="195 - 199" title="Serica 1 j: On Chilopoda from Taiwan with a new Lithobid." volume="12" year="1959">Wang 1959</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 12 (3, 4): 198 (locality: Nantou, Taipei)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius crassipes" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassipes">Monotarsobius crassipes</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, YHM" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="190" pagination="89 - 96" title="Serica 1 q: Millipedes and Chilopoda of Quemoy, Fukien Province and Taiwan Island, Botel Tobago (Lan Yu), Taiwan province and of Singapore." volume="16" year="1963">Wang 1963</bibRefCitation>
- Quar. J. Taiwan Mus. 16 (1, 2): 95 (locality: Shao Tso Kiang ??)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="8" pageNumber="189" pagination="177 - 187" title="Some records and descriptions of chilopods from Japan and other oriental areas." volume="65" year="1952">Chamberlin and Wang (1952)</bibRefCitation>
recorded two species of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Monotarsobius</taxonomicName>
from three specimens allegedly collected by Takakuwa in 1933 from Taiwan:
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius rhysus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhysus">Monotarsobius rhysus</taxonomicName>
Attems, 1934 and
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Monotarsobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monotarsobius argaeensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argaeensis">Monotarsobius argaeensis</taxonomicName>
Attems, 1934. However, Takakuwa never came to Taiwan, and never reported these two species in any of his publications. Wang came to Taiwan and studied Taiwanese chilopods since 1953, and he did not record these two species again. We consider that the record of the two species is questionable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is morphologically close to
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) ramulosus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramulosus" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) ramulosus</taxonomicName>
(Takakuwa, 1941),
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) obtusus" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) obtusus</taxonomicName>
(Takakuwa, 1941) and
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius) holstii" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holstii" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius) holstii</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), with which it shares the following characters: antennae composed of 19-20 articles, six ocelli on each side of cephalic plate, 2+2 coxosternal teeth. It can however be distinguished using the following key.
</paragraph>
</subSection>
<subSection pageId="7" pageNumber="188" type="key to the taiwanese species of lithobius (monotarsobius)">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
Key to the Taiwanese species of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lithobius (Monotarsobius)" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Monotarsobius">Lithobius (Monotarsobius)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<table pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. (M.) obtusus" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="obtusus" subGenus="M.">L. (M.) obtusus</taxonomicName>
Takakuwa, 1941
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. (M.) ramulosus" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="ramulosus" subGenus="M.">L. (M.) ramulosus</taxonomicName>
Takakuwa, 1941
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rowspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rowspan="1">5C</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. (M.) meifengensis" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="meifengensis" subGenus="M.">L. (M.) meifengensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="188">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. (M.) holstii" pageId="7" pageNumber="188" rank="species" species="holstii" subGenus="M.">L. (M.) holstii</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>