723 lines
62 KiB
XML
723 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5907200" ID-GBIF-Dataset="538ce22e-e191-496d-96ac-253d92fe7975" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192628968" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5907200" checkinTime="1629146184128" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Ouattara, Doudjo N., Stauffer, Fred W. & Bakayoko, Adama" docDate="2014" docId="0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795" docLanguage="fr" docName="Adansonia.36.1.53-61.pdf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 36 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/a2014n1a5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B98EC8A323C0F63E1C55336AD58D9273.1:Adansonia.2011-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="B98EC8A323C0F63E1C55336AD58D9273" docStyleName="Adansonia.2011-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Raphia sudanica A. Chev." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="F428FE53FFE1FFFA0275FF8AFFBC367A" masterDocTitle="Lectotypification de Raphia sudanica A. Chev. (Arecaceae, Calamoideae), et commentaires sur la biologie et la conservation de l’espèce" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="53" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1643218291777" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Lectotypification de Raphia sudanica A. Chev. (Arecaceae, Calamoideae), et commentaires sur la biologie et la conservation de l’espèce</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Ouattara, Doudjo N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Université de Genève, Faculté des Sciences, Sciences III, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet CH- 1211 Genève 4 (Suisse) & Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Laboratoire de systématique végétale et biodiversité, Chemin de l’Impératrice 1, 1292 Chambésy-Genève (Suisse)</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dojjoo@yahoo.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Stauffer, Fred W.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Laboratoire de systématique végétale et biodiversité, Chemin de l’Impératrice 1, 1292 Chambésy-Genève (Suisse)</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">fred.stauffer@ville-ge.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Bakayoko, Adama</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>UFR des Sciences de la Nature (SN), Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02 (Côte-d’Ivoire) et Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, 01 B. P. 1303 Abidjan 01 (Côte-d’Ivoire)</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Adansonia</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="series">
|
||
<mods:title>3</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2014-06-30</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>36</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>53</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>61</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/a2014n1a5</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5252/a2014n1a5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">538ce22e-e191-496d-96ac-253d92fe7975</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5208410</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5907200" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192628968" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5907200" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[801,1086,279,306]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[801,1086,279,306]" box="[801,1086,279,306]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<heading box="[801,1086,279,306]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" reason="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Chev." authorityName="A. Chev." box="[801,1086,279,306]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[801,982,279,306]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
A. Chev.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="A. Chev." page="95" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" year="1908">
|
||
<emphasis box="[699,1120,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Bulletin de la Société botanique de France</emphasis>
|
||
55,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mémoires</emphasis>
|
||
8: 95 (1908)
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="A. Chev." journal="Revue de Botanique Appliquee & d'Agriculture Tropicale" page="204" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" score="0.016620496440246407" volume="12" year="1932">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Chev." box="[677,905,410,434]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="humilis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,816,410,434]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Raphia humilis</emphasis>
|
||
A. Chev.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Revue de Botanique Appliquée & d’Agriculture Tropicale</emphasis>
|
||
12: 204 (1932)
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" box="[677,1126,484,508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[677,1126,484,508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Becc." box="[677,1122,484,508]" journal="Webbia" page="96" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" score="9.729594737742866" volume="3" year="1910">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Becc." authorityName="Becc." box="[677,909,484,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heberostris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,846,484,508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Raphia heberostris</emphasis>
|
||
Becc.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[918,989,484,508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Webbia</emphasis>
|
||
3: 96 (1910)
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="A. Chev." journal="Revue de Botanique Appliquee & d'Agriculture Tropicale" page="205" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" score="0.016620496440246407" volume="12" year="1932">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Chev." authorityName="A. Chev." box="[677,969,532,556]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bandamensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,871,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Raphia bandamensis</emphasis>
|
||
A. Chev.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Revue de Botanique Appliquée & d’Agriculture Tropicale</emphasis>
|
||
12: 205 (1932)
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
SPÉCIMENS TYPES. —
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760312" collectingDate="1905-03" collectionCode="P" collectorName="A. Chevalier" country="French Guiana" location="Kollangui" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="P01793096" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[905,1082,607,631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[905,1082,607,631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Guinée française</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF90638FDD4FB09340C" box="[1101,1205,606,630]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Kollangui" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Kollangui</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[674,758,632,656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1905-03">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[674,758,632,656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1905-03">III.1905</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[769,951,632,656]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectorName box="[769,884,632,656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">A. Chevalier</collectorName>
|
||
12867
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus box="[961,1008,632,656]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">lecto</typeStatus>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1009,1017,633,656]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">-</emphasis>
|
||
[désigné ici;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1142,1195,632,657]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[328,339,1680,1698]" captionTargetBox="[211,1111,215,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[211,1111,215,1621]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Lectotype de Raphia sudanica A. Chev., Chevalier 12867 (P01793096)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208412/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectionCode box="[675,693,659,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P</collectionCode>
|
||
![
|
||
<specimenCode box="[704,824,659,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P01793096</specimenCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760301" box="[849,987,659,683]" collectingDate="1905-03" collectionCode="P" collectorName="A. Chevalier" country="French Guiana" location="Kollangui" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isolectotype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[849,938,659,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">isolecto-</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[951,970,659,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P</collectionCode>
|
||
!).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
—
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760309" collectingDate="1905-03" collectionCode="P" collectorName="A. Chevalier" country="French Guiana" location="Timbo et environs (Fouta Djalon)" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="P01793089" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1030,1112,659,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Guinée française</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF9017FFD27FBEB34BF" box="[778,1111,685,710]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Timbo et environs (Fouta Djalon)" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Timbo et environs (Fouta Djalon)</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1120,1206,685,709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1905-03">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1120,1206,685,709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1905-03">III.1905</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,863,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectorName box="[677,794,712,736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">A. Chevalier</collectorName>
|
||
12531
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(syn-,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[931,948,712,736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P</collectionCode>
|
||
![
|
||
<specimenCode box="[959,1075,712,736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P01793089</specimenCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1098,1157,712,736]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[137,148,1680,1698]" captionTargetBox="[201,1123,215,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-20@4.[201,1123,215,1621]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — Syntype de Raphia sudanica A. Chev. Chevalier 12531 (P01793089). Noter le commentaire d’Otedoh en bas à droite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208414" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208414/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760306" collectingDate="2004-01-21" collectorName="R. Bayton" country="Burkina Faso" elevation="350" location="Lera" municipality="Loumana" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Leraba">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[979,1118,760,785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[979,1114,760,785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Province de
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[709,776,786,810]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Leraba</collectingRegion>
|
||
: département de
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[957,1054,786,809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Loumana</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, forêt sacrée de
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF900D3FCA7FD6D353E" box="[678,721,813,836]" country="Burkina Faso" municipality="Loumana" name="Lera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Leraba">Lera</location>
|
||
(10°35’N, 38’’5°18’25’’W, alt.
|
||
<quantity box="[1024,1091,812,836]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="350.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1024,1091,812,836]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date box="[1108,1146,812,836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="2004-01-21">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1108,1146,812,836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="2004-01-21">21.I</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.2004,
|
||
<collectorName box="[676,766,840,863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis box="[676,693,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">R</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[693,697,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[702,795,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Bayton 70</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(K).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
—
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760310" collectingDate="1909-06-26" collectorName="A. Chevalier" country="Ivory Coast" location="Cercle de Mankono" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[872,1000,840,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[872,1000,840,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF90180FCCDFB0C3525" box="[1013,1200,839,863]" country="Ivory Coast" name="Cercle de Mankono" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Cercle de Mankono</location>
|
||
: entre
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF900A3FCEBFC8F3503" box="[726,819,865,889]" country="Ivory Coast" name="Mankono" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mankono</location>
|
||
et la rivière
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF901EBFCEBFC763503" box="[926,970,865,889]" country="Ivory Coast" name="Bere" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Béré</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[977,1035,865,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1909-06-26">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[977,1035,865,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1909-06-26">26.VI</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.1909,
|
||
<collectorName box="[1097,1210,865,889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1097,1115,866,889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">A</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1115,1119,866,889]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Chevalier 21946</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(P[P01793093])
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760308" collectingDate="1989" collectionCode="G" collectorName="D. Gautier-Beguin & L. Gautier" country="Ivory Coast" location="Toumodi" municipality="Toumodi" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[920,1011,892,916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Toumodi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF90674FCF6FBE235EE" box="[1025,1118,892,916]" municipality="Toumodi" name="Toumodi" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Toumodi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[1128,1180,892,916]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="5.0">
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[1128,1180,892,916]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</locationDeviation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
au Sud,
|
||
<collectingDate box="[728,781,918,942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">1989</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[792,1020,919,942]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectorName box="[792,970,919,942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">D. Gautier-Béguin</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName box="[1003,1104,919,942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
L
|
||
<emphasis box="[1020,1024,919,942]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1031,1161,918,942]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Gautier 1222</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1176,1197,918,942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">G</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760304" collectingDate="1966-07-20" collectorName="L. Ake Assi" location="Vavoua" municipality="Vavoua" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[677,750,945,968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Vavoua</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
: savane humide à
|
||
<quantity box="[947,1001,945,969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="4.0">
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[947,1001,945,969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</locationDeviation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
au nord de
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF9061CFC3BFB0935B2" box="[1129,1205,945,968]" municipality="Vavoua" name="Vavoua" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Vavoua</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[678,803,971,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1966-07-20">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[678,803,971,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1966-07-20">20.VII.1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[814,918,971,995]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis box="[814,831,972,995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">L</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[831,835,972,995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[840,975,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Aké Assi 9115</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(K)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760305" box="[677,1205,998,1023]" collectingDate="V. 1934" collectorName="Irvine" country="Ghana" location="Ashanti Region" municipality="Ashanti Region" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[677,751,999,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[677,748,999,1023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[760,916,998,1022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Ashanti Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingDate box="[934,1010,998,1022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<date box="[934,953,998,1022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1934-05">V</date>
|
||
.1934
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1022,1141,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectorName box="[1022,1080,998,1021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Irvine</collectorName>
|
||
2488
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(GC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760302" collectingDate="1958-04-25" collectorName="P. B. Tomlinson" location="Sampa" municipality="Brong-Ahafo Region" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[677,882,1024,1048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Brong-Ahafo Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF901F1FB8AFC743262" box="[900,968,1024,1048]" municipality="Brong-Ahafo Region" name="Sampa" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Sampa</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[980,1094,1024,1048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1958-04-25">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[980,1094,1024,1048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1958-04-25">25.IV.1958</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1106,1119,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1120,1152,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">. B.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Tomlinson</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(GC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760303" collectingDate="1961-08-08" collectorName="J. B. Hall" location="Wenchi" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF9015BFB90FC3C3248" box="[814,896,1050,1074]" name="Wenchi" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Wenchi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[908,1036,1050,1074]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1961-08-08">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[908,1036,1050,1074]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1961-08-08">8.VIII.1961</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[1049,1148,1050,1074]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1049,1062,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">J</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1062,1096,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">. B.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1104,1210,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Hall 2040</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(GC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760307" collectorName="J. B. Hall" location="Mole Game Reserve" municipality="Northern Region" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[741,908,1077,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Northern Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF901E9FBBFFBDE3236" box="[924,1122,1077,1101]" municipality="Northern Region" name="Mole Game Reserve" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mole Game Reserve</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1131,1156,1077,1101]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">s.d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1168,1180,1078,1101]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">J</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1180,1203,1078,1101]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">. B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,902,1103,1128]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Hall &
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF90084FBDAFC83321D" box="[753,831,1104,1127]" municipality="Northern Region" name="Houston" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Houston</location>
|
||
45030
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(GC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760313" collectingDate="2011-11-23" collectionCode="G" collectorName="D. Ouattara" country="Ghana" elevation="189" location="Mole National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF901A4FBC5FB2B321D" box="[977,1175,1103,1127]" name="Mole National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mole National Park</location>
|
||
, au bord de la rivière
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF9013BFBE0FC3B32FB" box="[846,903,1130,1153]" name="Baraa" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Baraa</location>
|
||
, non loin du village de
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF9061DFBE0FB0532F8" box="[1128,1209,1130,1154]" name="Murugu" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Murugu</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[684,811,1156,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">9°15’37.7’’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[823,959,1156,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">1°51’02.2’W’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, alt.
|
||
<quantity box="[1005,1072,1156,1180]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.89" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="189.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1005,1072,1156,1180]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.89" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="189.0">189 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<date box="[1090,1206,1156,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="2011-11-23">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1090,1206,1156,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="2011-11-23">23.XI.2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,826,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectorName box="[677,795,1183,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">D. Ouattara</collectorName>
|
||
39
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[841,863,1183,1207]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">G</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3457760311" collectingDate="1905-04" collectorName="A. Chevalier" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Collengui" municipality="Fouta-Djalon" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[677,756,1211,1235]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[677,752,1211,1235]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Guinée</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[763,895,1209,1233]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Fouta-Djalon</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0811862BFFE2FFFD0154FE9DFC823795:856761E6FFE2FFF901FAFB33FC4E32AB" box="[911,1010,1209,1233]" country="Guinea-Bissau" municipality="Fouta-Djalon" name="Collengui" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Collengui</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1021,1103,1209,1233]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1905-04">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1021,1103,1209,1233]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" value="1905-04">IV.1905</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1114,1132,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">A</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1132,1136,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Chevalier s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(P).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
NOMS VERNACULAIRES. —
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[957,1095,1285,1309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Côte d’Ivoire</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chevalier" firstAuthor="Chevalier" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" pagination="93 - 213" refId="ref3849" refString="CHEVALIER A. 1932. - Nouvelles recherches sur les palmiers du genre Raphia. Revue de Botanique Appliquee & d'Agriculture Tropicale 12: 93 - 213." type="journal article" year="1932">Chevalier 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis box="[750,776,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Ba</emphasis>
|
||
(Malinké de Mankono ou Koyaka) (se réfère à
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Chev." authorityName="A. Chev." box="[693,978,1336,1360]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bandamensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[693,886,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Raphia bandamensis</emphasis>
|
||
A. Chev.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placé en synonymie).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[677,746,1364,1388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Guinée</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chevalier" box="[756,900,1363,1387]" firstAuthor="Chevalier" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" pagination="95 - 96" refId="ref3825" refString="CHEVALIER A. 1908. - Palmae. Bulletin de la Societe botanique de France 55; Memoires 8: 95 - 96." type="journal article" year="1908">Chevalier 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chevalier" box="[907,956,1363,1387]" firstAuthor="Chevalier" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" pagination="93 - 213" refId="ref3849" refString="CHEVALIER A. 1932. - Nouvelles recherches sur les palmiers du genre Raphia. Revue de Botanique Appliquee & d'Agriculture Tropicale 12: 93 - 213." type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis box="[975,1009,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">ban</emphasis>
|
||
(Malinké),
|
||
<emphasis box="[1116,1210,1363,1386]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Banguigné</emphasis>
|
||
(Peul de Timbo),
|
||
<emphasis box="[844,885,1389,1413]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Sébé</emphasis>
|
||
(Peul de Koïn),
|
||
<emphasis box="[1041,1086,1390,1413]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mpa</emphasis>
|
||
(Diallonké),
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,730,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">kéyan</emphasis>
|
||
(Kissi),
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,874,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Keloné</emphasis>
|
||
(Toma)
|
||
<emphasis box="[959,1030,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Nyanké</emphasis>
|
||
(Soussou).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1211,336,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[677,744,1443,1467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Ghana</emphasis>
|
||
(observation personnelle):
|
||
<emphasis box="[1015,1091,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">kpataha</emphasis>
|
||
ou
|
||
<emphasis box="[1132,1210,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">kpatatia</emphasis>
|
||
pour l’arbre (Hanga).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1210,1548,1700]" box="[677,848,1548,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">COMMENTAIRES</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[674,1210,1548,1700]" lastBlockId="5.[111,649,216,1002]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Otedoh" box="[677,827,1578,1604]" firstAuthor="Otedoh" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" pagination="145 - 189" refId="ref4084" refString="OTEDOH M. O. 1982. - A revision of the genus Raphia Beauv. Journal of the Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research 6 (22): 145 - 189." type="journal article" year="1982">Otedoh(1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a probablement considéré l’échantillon
|
||
<emphasis box="[674,849,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Chevalier 12531</emphasis>
|
||
comme le type. Cependant, nous ne désignons pas cet échantillon ici comme lectotype mais plutôt comme syntype restant. En effet, l’échantillon
|
||
<emphasis box="[245,410,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Chevalier 12867</emphasis>
|
||
est composé des parties médianes et apicales d’une feuille. Il permet donc l’extraction de plus d’informations par rapport à l’autre spécimen qui est composé seulement de la partie apicale d’une feuille (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[420,488,342,369]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[328,339,1680,1698]" captionTargetBox="[211,1111,215,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[211,1111,215,1621]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Lectotype de Raphia sudanica A. Chev., Chevalier 12867 (P01793096)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208412/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[507,524,343,369]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[137,148,1680,1698]" captionTargetBox="[201,1123,215,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-20@4.[201,1123,215,1621]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2. — Syntype de Raphia sudanica A. Chev. Chevalier 12531 (P01793089). Noter le commentaire d’Otedoh en bas à droite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208414" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208414/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ces deux échantillons sont à l’état végétatif alors que dans la même mission, un spécimen fertile a été récolté (
|
||
<emphasis box="[122,292,437,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Chevalier 12570</emphasis>
|
||
[P01793095]). On peut s’étonner de ce que Chevalier n’ait pas ajouté cet échantillon fertile dans la citation des types. Toutefois, la difficulté de rencontrer les palmiers africains en état reproductif et la facile distinction au niveau morphologique, géographique et écologique de
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Chev." authorityName="A. Chev." class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
A. Chev.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
des autres espèces du genre, pourraient expliquer le choix de Chevalier. En effet, les folioles adultes de
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[314,487,691,717]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[314,487,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
permettent de séparer facilement cette espèce des autres espèces de
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Russel" authorityYear="1965" box="[112,187,754,780]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[112,187,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Raphia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Ces folioles sont plus petites, mais munies de nombreuses épines de petites dimensions. La densité d’épines sur les folioles est très caractéristique de l’espèce. Cette forte densité ne s’observe sur aucune des autres espèces du genre. De plus, sur le plan écologique et géographique,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[470,589,913,939]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[470,589,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">R. sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
est la seule espèce du genre
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Russel" authorityYear="1965" box="[336,410,944,970]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[336,410,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Raphia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distribuée strictement dans la région soudano-zambézienne.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208414" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5208414" box="[137,1188,1679,1698]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208414/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" startId="4.[137,148,1680,1698]" targetBox="[201,1123,215,1621]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[137,1188,1679,1698]" box="[137,1188,1679,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
FIG. 2. — Syntype de
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Chev. Chevalier" authorityName="A. Chev. Chevalier" box="[316,611,1679,1698]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[316,453,1680,1698]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
A. Chev.
|
||
<emphasis box="[534,611,1679,1697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Chevalier</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis box="[616,668,1680,1698]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">12531</emphasis>
|
||
(P01793089). Noter le commentaire d’Otedoh en bas à droite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[113,518,1040,1098]" box="[113,258,1040,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[113,518,1040,1098]" box="[113,518,1071,1098]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Palmier arborescent, rarement acaule.</paragraph>
|
||
<subSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[113,550,1135,1193]" box="[113,163,1135,1161]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis box="[113,163,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Stipe</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[113,550,1135,1193]" box="[113,550,1166,1193]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<quantity box="[113,179,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5 m</quantity>
|
||
de long, atteignant rarement
|
||
<quantity box="[500,546,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[111,648,1229,1700]" box="[113,189,1229,1255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis box="[113,189,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Feuilles</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[111,648,1229,1700]" lastBlockId="5.[676,1210,216,369]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<quantity box="[113,200,1261,1288]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="3.25" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.5">1,5-5 m</quantity>
|
||
de long, rarement
|
||
<quantity box="[402,484,1261,1288]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8-12 m</quantity>
|
||
, pennées, dressées; gaine
|
||
<quantity box="[232,308,1293,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6-7 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[423,527,1293,1319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large en forme de gouttière; pétiole présent ou pas, si présent
|
||
<quantity box="[111,199,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">4-10 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long, rarement
|
||
<quantity box="[389,490,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long; rachis
|
||
<quantity box="[111,176,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1-4 m</quantity>
|
||
de long, portion basale
|
||
<quantity box="[428,501,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="2.5">2,5 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, lisse abaxialement, épines absentes; canaliculé adaxialement, épines présentes ou pas, épines si présentes
|
||
<quantity box="[113,191,1483,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long, insérées selon 4 rangées, portion médiane
|
||
<quantity box="[211,263,1515,1541]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, portion apicale
|
||
<quantity box="[529,646,1515,1541]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0,3-0,4 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large; folioles 40-60 paires, redupliquées, linéaires lancéolées à apex longuement acuminé, à disposition alterne, marges et nervure principale densément armées d’épines, épines
|
||
<quantity box="[375,464,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
de long espacées de
|
||
<quantity box="[147,249,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1,5-2 cm</quantity>
|
||
, nervure principale proéminente sur la face adaxiale, nervures secondaires peu visibles, folioles basales
|
||
<quantity box="[838,942,247,274]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45-50 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[1060,1178,247,274]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.5">1,5-1,9 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, insérées chaque
|
||
<quantity box="[910,989,279,306]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3-4 cm</quantity>
|
||
, médianes
|
||
<quantity box="[1106,1209,279,306]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="78.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="77.0">77-80 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[787,884,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2-2,5 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, apicales
|
||
<quantity box="[1074,1178,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="32.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="20.0">20-45 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[752,868,342,369]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.9">0,9-1,5 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, insérées chaque
|
||
<quantity box="[1130,1206,342,369]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.5">1,5 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[675,1210,406,876]" box="[675,809,406,432]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis box="[675,809,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[675,1210,406,876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<quantity box="[677,764,437,464]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1,5 m</quantity>
|
||
de long, unisexuées, ramifiées deux fois; préfeuille tubulaire papyracée,
|
||
<quantity box="[1007,1112,469,496]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10-15 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long; bractées pédonculaires 6 au moins, tubulaires,
|
||
<quantity box="[679,774,532,559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5-10 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long; pédoncule
|
||
<quantity box="[1007,1117,532,559]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="37.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="35.0">35-40 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[708,765,564,591]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
|
||
de diamètre; rachis
|
||
<quantity box="[997,1087,564,591]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="0.7" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.4">0,4-1 m</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[678,731,596,623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, cylindrique; inflorescences partielles
|
||
<quantity box="[675,767,628,654]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8-10 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[887,941,628,654]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large densément couvertes par des bractées ceartacées
|
||
<quantity box="[1032,1123,659,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5-10 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[704,803,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="6.25" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="6.0">6-6,5 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large qui se chevauchent à la base (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[685,766,723,749]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1634,1652]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,215,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-90@6.[112,662,786,1361]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Raphia sudanica A. Chev. au Ghana: A, habitus, à la lisière du Mole National Park au Nord du pays; B, inflorescence à l’anthèse; C, natte en confection avec les jeunes folioles dans le village de Murugu au Nord du pays. Échelles: A, 0,5 m; B, 0,2 m; C, 0,4 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208416/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
), présentant deux couches de rameaux florifères séparées par une sorte de ligne des deux côtés; rameaux florifères très serrés et courts,
|
||
<quantity box="[1096,1174,786,813]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long, recourbés et terminés par une pointe, aux 2/3 couverts par des bractéoles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[675,1211,913,1097]" box="[677,802,913,939]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,802,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fleurs mâles</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[675,1211,913,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Sépales soudés (cupule),
|
||
<quantity box="[936,1021,945,971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
|
||
de long, grisâtres, entièrement enfermés par les bractéoles, pétales
|
||
<quantity box="[679,756,1008,1034]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[880,955,1008,1034]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="0.4">0,4 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, bruns, en disposition valvaire, étamines 10-12, soudées jusqu’à mi-longueur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[677,1210,1134,1288]" box="[677,831,1134,1160]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,831,1134,1160]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fleurs femelles.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[677,1210,1134,1288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Sépales
|
||
<quantity box="[761,850,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
|
||
de long, soudés (cupule), pétales semblables aux sépales, relativement plus longs (
|
||
<quantity box="[689,776,1230,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1-3 mm</quantity>
|
||
); gynécée syncarpique uniloculaire, stigmate
|
||
<quantity box="[737,839,1261,1288]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2-2,5 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[674,1211,1325,1541]" box="[677,738,1325,1350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,738,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[674,1211,1325,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<quantity box="[677,772,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="4.85" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.7">4,7-5 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[883,978,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.9">2,9-3 cm</quantity>
|
||
de diamètre, oblongsobovoïdes avec prolongation apicale
|
||
<quantity box="[1072,1177,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.7">0, 7-1 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[766,891,1419,1446]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0,3-0,5 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, couverts d’écailles rhomboïdales de
|
||
<quantity box="[869,946,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[1075,1175,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.0">1-1,2 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large, graine oblongue,
|
||
<quantity box="[916,1010,1483,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="3.55" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.1">3,1-4 cm</quantity>
|
||
de long et
|
||
<quantity box="[1118,1211,1483,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.9">1,9-2 cm</quantity>
|
||
de large.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[677,1209,1579,1700]" box="[677,965,1579,1605]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">RÉPARTITION ET ÉCOLOGIE</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[677,1209,1579,1700]" lastBlockId="7.[111,648,216,686]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
L’espèce se distribue dans les savanes soudanaises allant du Sénégal au Cameroun (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tuley" box="[1066,1198,1641,1668]" firstAuthor="Tuley" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refId="ref4258" refString="TULEY P. 1995. - The Palms of Africa. The Trendrine Press, UK, 189 p." type="book" year="1995">Tuley 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Govaerts & Dransfield 2005). Plante héliophile et aimant l’humidité, on la retrouve sur les bordures des cours d’eau (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[295,381,247,274]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1634,1652]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,215,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-90@6.[112,662,786,1361]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Raphia sudanica A. Chev. au Ghana: A, habitus, à la lisière du Mole National Park au Nord du pays; B, inflorescence à l’anthèse; C, natte en confection avec les jeunes folioles dans le village de Murugu au Nord du pays. Échelles: A, 0,5 m; B, 0,2 m; C, 0,4 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208416/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
), dans les forêts galeries où elle forme la strate arborée. Sa distribution est toutefois irrégulière et probablement très liée aux propriétés du sol.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[298,465,342,368]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[298,465,342,368]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
est la seule espèce de palmier strictement soudano-zambézienne (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ake Assi" firstAuthor="Ake Assi" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="481" refId="ref3699" refString="AKE ASSI L. 1995. - Les palmiers (Arecaceae): taxonomie, chorologie, ecologie et les diverses utilisations traditionnelles en Cote d'Ivoire. Giornale Botanico Italiano 129 (1): 481." type="journal article" year="1995">Ake Assi1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). En effet, contrairement aux autres espèces de palmiers des régions de savanes (régions à pluviométrie faible) qui peuvent descendre jusqu’au littoral dans les savanes côtières (c’est le cas de
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mart." authorityName="Mart." box="[115,376,533,559]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Borassus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[115,310,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Borassus aethiopum</emphasis>
|
||
Mart.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
et
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[404,638,533,559]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Phoenix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reclinata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[404,577,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Phoenix reclinata</emphasis>
|
||
Jacq.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[113,286,564,590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[113,286,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
n’a jamais été observé, même par introduction humaine, dans les savanes côtières ou ailleurs dans les parties forestières des pays où l’espèce est présente.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208416" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5208416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208416/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" startId="6.[113,124,1634,1652]" targetBox="[113,1209,215,1551]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[113,1209,1634,1698]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
FIG. 3. —
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Chev." authorityName="A. Chev." box="[196,417,1634,1652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[196,337,1634,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
A. Chev.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
au Ghana:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[515,528,1634,1652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A</emphasis>
|
||
, habitus, à la lisière du Mole National Park au Nord du pays;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1056,1069,1634,1652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B</emphasis>
|
||
, inflorescence à l’anthèse;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[202,216,1657,1675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">C</emphasis>
|
||
, natte en confection avec les jeunes folioles dans le village de Murugu au Nord du pays. Échelles: A, 0,5 m; B, 0,2 m; C, 0,4 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[112,648,723,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">IMPORTANCE SOCIO- ÉCONOMIQUE ET ETHNOBOTANIQUE</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[112,648,723,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
|
||
De nombreuses parties de la plante sont utilisées par les hommes. Le stipe, les pétioles et les feuilles sont utilisés dans la construction (charpente, toiture) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Arbonnier" box="[178,357,881,907]" firstAuthor="Arbonnier" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refId="ref3736" refString="ARBONNIER M. 2009. - Arbres, arbustes et lianes des zones seches d'Afriques de l'Ouest. 3 e edition. Quae, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France 573 p." type="book" year="2009">Arbonnier 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Les folioles servent à confectionner les nattes (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[352,440,913,939]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1634,1652]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,215,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-90@6.[112,662,786,1361]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3. — Raphia sudanica A. Chev. au Ghana: A, habitus, à la lisière du Mole National Park au Nord du pays; B, inflorescence à l’anthèse; C, natte en confection avec les jeunes folioles dans le village de Murugu au Nord du pays. Échelles: A, 0,5 m; B, 0,2 m; C, 0,4 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5208416/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Les pétioles sont également utilisés pour faire les nasses pour la pêche et les «tara » (lits traditionnels). Les nervures principales sont utilisées pour fabriquer les balais. En Guinée, la sève est extraite pour en faire le vin de palme (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chevalier" box="[228,401,1071,1097]" firstAuthor="Chevalier" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="95 - 96" refId="ref3825" refString="CHEVALIER A. 1908. - Palmae. Bulletin de la Societe botanique de France 55; Memoires 8: 95 - 96." type="journal article" year="1908">Chevalier 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Au Burkina Faso, les fruits sont bouillis et consommés et la plante est appelée Bambou (c.f.
|
||
<emphasis box="[350,457,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Bayton 70</emphasis>
|
||
[K]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[111,650,1199,1700]" box="[113,398,1199,1225]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">STATUT DE CONSERVATION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[111,650,1199,1700]" lastBlockId="7.[674,1212,216,495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
|
||
La plante est exploitée à partir des populations naturelles, d’où le risque d’épuisement des ressources. Selon
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ouedraogo" box="[182,392,1293,1319]" firstAuthor="Ouedraogo" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" pagination="2" refId="ref4157" refString="OUEDRAOGO L. 2010. - Raphia sudanica, in IUCN 2011, IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011. 2." type="book chapter" year="2010">Ouedraogo (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
quoique l’on constate une diminution des populations, les données sur l’espèce ne sont pas suffisantes pour déterminer son statut qui devrait se situer entre LC et NT selon les catégories de menace proposées par l’IUCN. Cependant, au Ghana, l’espèce a une distribution restreinte et fait l’objet d’une exploitation intensive. En dehors de quelques individus se trouvant dans le Mole National Park, toutes les populations sont fortement menacées. On note une réduction de la taille de la population; nos observations directes donnent une estimation supérieure à 30 % (A 2). Les localités constituant sa zone d’occupation sont peu nombreuses, fragmentées et soumises à une réduction due aux activités humaines (A2c). En effet, les stations de la plante ne sont que quelques points humides en bordure de cours d’eau. De plus, l’espèce est exposée à un niveau d’exploitation élevée (A 2d). Toutes ces menaces et ces conditions nous amènent à proposer le statut de Vulnérable (VU) pour
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[739,920,437,463]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Raphia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sudanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[739,920,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Raphia sudanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
au Ghana (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="UICN" box="[1056,1199,438,464]" firstAuthor="UICN" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refId="ref4278" refString="UICN 2001. - Categories et criteres de l'UICN pour la Liste Rouge: version 3. 1. Commission de la sauvegarde des especes de l'UICN. UICN, Gland, Suisse et Cambridge, Royaume-Uni. ii + 30 p." type="book" year="2001">UICN 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="UICN" box="[679,817,469,495]" firstAuthor="UICN" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refId="ref4321" refString="UICN 2003. - Lignes directrices pour l'application, au niveau regional, des criteres de l'UICN pour la Liste Rouge. Commission de la sauvegarde des especes de l'UICN. UICN, Gland, Suisse et Cambridge, Royaume-Uni. ii + 26 p." type="book" year="2003">UICN 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |