treatments-xml/data/03/B6/81/03B68171FFD2BA08FF50A5A70DD7FBDA.xml

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<mods:title id="264E81BC06F078C21B5DD43197DC9AB1">Reinstated status of the butterfly genus Agraulis (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03B68171FFD2BA08FF50A5A70DD7FBDA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7334259" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205097835" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7334259" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B68171FFD2BA08FF50A5A70DD7FBDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B68171FFD2BA08FF50A5A70DD7FBDA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<subSubSection id="C30563ECFFD2BA0AFF50A5A70E92FF19" box="[151,706,151,175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A5A70E92FF19" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,706,151,175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<heading id="D0E8870BFFD2BA0AFF50A5A70E92FF19" bold="true" box="[151,706,151,175]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A5A70E92FF19" bold="true" box="[151,706,151,175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF50A5A70DABFF19" ID-CoL="8ZZ6X" authority="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,507,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A5A70CA6FF19" bold="true" box="[151,246,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis</emphasis>
Boisduval &amp; Le Conte
</taxonomicName>
, reinstated status
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30563ECFFD2BA0AFF50A58B0E74FDA1" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A58B0D97FF65" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,455,187,211]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A58B0CF4FF64" box="[151,164,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA58B0D97FF65" authority="(Riley)" baseAuthorityName="Riley" box="[171,455,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incarnata">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6CA58B0D25FF65" box="[171,373,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis incarnata</emphasis>
(Riley)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A5EF0E12FF41" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,578,223,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A5EF0CE2FF40" box="[151,178,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">**</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF7FA5EF0E12FF41" authority="(Riley)" baseAuthorityName="Riley" box="[184,578,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="incarnata" subSpecies="incarnata">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF7FA5EF0DA1FF41" box="[184,497,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis incarnata incarnata</emphasis>
(Riley)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A4330E11FEAD" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,577,259,283]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A4330CE2FEAC" box="[151,178,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">**</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF7FA4330E11FEAD" authority="Michener" authorityName="Michener" box="[184,577,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="incarnata" subSpecies="nigrior">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF7FA4330D85FEAD" box="[184,469,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis incarnata nigrior</emphasis>
Michener
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A4170CF4FE88" box="[151,164,295,318]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA4170D8DFE89" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[171,477,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanillae">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6CA4170D33FE89" box="[171,355,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis vanillae</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A47B0D94FED5" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,452,331,355]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A47B0CF4FED4" box="[151,164,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA47B0D94FED5" authority="Michener" authorityName="Michener" authorityYear="1942" box="[171,452,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forbesi">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6CA47B0D07FED5" box="[171,343,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis forbesi</emphasis>
Michener
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A45F0D81FE31" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,465,367,391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A45F0CF4FE30" box="[151,164,367,390]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA45F0D81FE31" authority="Maynard" authorityName="Maynard" authorityYear="1889" box="[171,465,367,391]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6CA45F0D3AFE31" box="[171,362,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis insularis</emphasis>
Maynard
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A4A30D86FE1D" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,470,403,427]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A4A30CF4FE1C" box="[151,164,403,426]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA4A30D86FE1D" authority="(Stichel)" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" box="[171,470,403,427]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6CA4A30D23FE1D" box="[171,371,403,427]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis maculosa</emphasis>
(Stichel)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A4870E6FFE79" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,575,439,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A4870CF4FE78" box="[151,164,439,462]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA4870E6FFE79" authority="C. Felder &amp; R. Felder" authorityName="C. Felder &amp; R. Felder" box="[171,575,439,463]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucina">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6CA4870D00FE79" box="[171,336,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis lucina</emphasis>
C. Felder &amp; R. Felder
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A4EB0DA7FE45" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,503,475,499]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A4EB0DCAFE45" box="[151,410,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
* 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA4EB0DCAFE45" box="[171,410,475,499]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galapagensis">Agraulis galapagensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F30870F7FFD2BA0AFE66A4EB0DA7FE45" box="[417,503,475,499]" name="Netherlands" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Holland</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF50A4CF0E74FDA1" blockId="1.[151,706,151,535]" box="[151,548,511,535]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF50A4CF0CF4FDA0" box="[151,164,511,534]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6CA4CF0E74FDA1" authority="(Lamas &amp; Farfan)" baseAuthorityName="Lamas &amp; Farfan" box="[171,548,511,535]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dodona">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6CA4CF0D0DFDA1" box="[171,349,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis dodona</emphasis>
(Lamas &amp; Farfán)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" ID-Table-UUID="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" startId="1.[152,244,619,643]" targetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" blockId="1.[151,1437,619,787]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0D5DFD35" bold="true" box="[152,269,619,643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological characters that support the relationships between 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFC7EA75B0845FD35" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[953,1045,619,643]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFC7EA75B0845FD35" box="[953,1045,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFB82A75C08D6FD35" box="[1093,1158,620,643]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFB82A75C08D6FD35" box="[1093,1158,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plus those that distinguish each genus as listed by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD2BA0AFE51A7A00E4CFD11" author="Penz, C. M." box="[406,540,655,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" pagination="277 - 344" refId="ref3975" refString="Penz, C. M. (1999) Higher level phylogeny for the passion-vine butterflies (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) based on early stage and adult morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 127, 277 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1999. tb 00680. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Penz (1999)</bibRefCitation>
. Note that a single species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFC99A7BF0FEAFD11" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[862,954,655,679]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFC99A7BF0FEAFD11" box="[862,954,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recognized at the time of publication of such study. Character numbers correspond to the published analysis, which should be consulted for explanations and illustrations. Homoplasious characters are in parentheses. Abbreviations prior to character numbers: L, larva; P, pupa; A,adult. All taxa listed below are members of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFD44A7CB0F45FCA5" box="[643,789,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nymphalidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFCE7A7CB0FFCFCA5" box="[800,940,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heliconiinae">Heliconiinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF65A6130D04FC8D" blockId="1.[162,340,803,827]" box="[162,340,803,827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD2BA0AFF65A6130D04FC8D" box="[162,340,803,827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" targetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" targetPageId="1">
(
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF6DA6130D1CFC8C" box="[170,332,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF6DA6130D54FC8D" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[170,260,803,827]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agraulis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFEC9A6130D1CFC8C" box="[270,332,803,826]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dione</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFF65A67A0EAFF8BC" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD245F4FF65A67A09DFF8BD" box="[162,1423,842,1803]" gridcols="2" gridrows="27" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A67A09DFFCD5" box="[162,1423,842,867]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<th id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A67A0CA2FCD5" box="[162,242,842,867]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(L6).</th>
<th id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA67A09DFFCD5" box="[253,1423,842,867]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Setae D1 on thoracic segments 1–3 equal to, or longer than, the head height in the first instar larvae. This character</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A65E09DFFC30" box="[162,1423,878,902]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A65E09DFFC30" box="[162,1423,878,902]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
was also observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFE15A65E0F5AFC30" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[466,778,878,902]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryadula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaetusa">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFE15A65E0EC4FC30" box="[466,660,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Dryadula phaetusa</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFCD4A65F0FACFC30" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" box="[787,1020,878,902]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iulia">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFCD4A65F0FD4FC30" box="[787,900,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Dryas iulia</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFBE8A65E0919FC30" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[1071,1353,878,902]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFBE8A65E0885FC30" box="[1071,1237,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Philaethria dido</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
within
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A6A209DFFC1D" box="[162,1423,914,939]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A6A209DFFC1D" box="[162,1423,914,939]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
Heliconiiti, and also 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFE17A6A30F45FC1C" authority="(Boisduval)" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" box="[464,789,914,938]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Speyeria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mormonia">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFE17A6A30EC7FC1C" box="[464,663,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Speyeria mormonia</emphasis>
(Boisduval)
</taxonomicName>
(Penz pers. obs.).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A68609DFFC79" box="[162,1423,950,975]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A6860CA2FC79" box="[162,242,950,975]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(L22).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA68609DFFC79" box="[253,1423,950,975]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
Aboral region of mandibles enlarged in the fifth instar larvae. This character is also found in 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFB11A68709DEFC78" box="[1238,1422,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Euptoieta hegesia</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A6EA09DFFC45" box="[162,1423,986,1011]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A6EA09DFFC45" box="[162,1423,986,1011]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF3AA6EB0D0AFC45" authority="(Cramer)" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" box="[253,346,987,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptoieta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hegesia">(Cramer)</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFE4CA6EA0EFAFC44" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[395,682,986,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Heliconius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doris">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFE4CA6EA0E63FC44" box="[395,563,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Heliconius doris</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A6CE09DFFBA1" box="[162,1423,1022,1047]" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A6CE0CA2FBA1" box="[162,242,1022,1047]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">L42.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA6CE09DFFBA1" box="[253,1423,1022,1047]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Secondary setae distributed around the center of anal plate in the fifth instar larvae.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A11209DFFB8D" box="[162,1423,1058,1083]" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A1120CA2FB8D" box="[162,242,1058,1083]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(P44).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA11209DFFB8D" box="[253,1423,1058,1083]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
Gold spots absent. This implies a loss of gold spots in the ancestor of (
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFC0EA112083BFB8C" box="[969,1131,1058,1082]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFC0EA1120873FB8C" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[969,1059,1058,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agraulis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFBEAA113083BFB8C" box="[1069,1131,1059,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dione</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) and a gain of this pattern in
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A17609DFFBE8" box="[162,1423,1094,1118]" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A17609DFFBE8" box="[162,1423,1094,1118]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
the ancestor of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFE5EA1770E79FBE8" box="[409,553,1094,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycera">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFE5EA1770E79FBE8" box="[409,553,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Dione glycera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFD9CA1770E95FBE8" box="[603,709,1095,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneta">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFD9CA1770E95FBE8" box="[603,709,1095,1118]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">D. moneta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This hypothesis is equally parsimonious to two independent losses in
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A15A09DFFB34" box="[162,1423,1130,1154]" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A15A09DFFB34" box="[162,1423,1130,1154]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF3AA15A0DFCFB34" box="[253,428,1130,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanillae">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF3AA15A0DFCFB34" box="[253,428,1130,1154]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis vanillae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFE1AA15B0E79FB34" box="[477,553,1131,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juno">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFE1AA15B0E79FB34" box="[477,553,1131,1154]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">D. juno</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A1BE09DFFB10" box="[162,1423,1166,1190]" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A1BE0CA2FB10" box="[162,242,1166,1190]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">P52.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA1BE09DFFB10" box="[253,1423,1166,1190]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Distal end of antennae acute. In this clade the distal ends of the antennae do not reach the edge of the wing case, thus</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A18209DFFB7C" box="[162,1423,1202,1226]" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A18209DFFB7C" box="[162,1423,1202,1226]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">producing the acute pattern.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A1E609DFFB59" box="[162,1423,1238,1263]" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A1E60CA2FB59" box="[162,242,1238,1263]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(P53).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA1E609DFFB59" box="[253,1423,1238,1263]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
Apex of the head adorned with ridges or tubercles. This character was also found in 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFB4BA1E60973FB58" box="[1164,1315,1238,1262]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Boloria selene</emphasis>
(Denis &amp;
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A1CA09DFFAA5" box="[162,1423,1274,1299]" gridrow="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A1CA09DFFAA5" box="[162,1423,1274,1299]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF3AA1CA0DC9FAA4" authority="(Denis &amp; Schiffermuller)" baseAuthorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[253,409,1274,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Boloria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selene">Schiffermüller)</taxonomicName>
(Penz pers. obs.).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A02E09DFFA80" box="[162,1423,1310,1334]" gridrow="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A02E0CA2FA80" box="[162,242,1310,1334]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(P58).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA02E09DFFA80" box="[253,1423,1310,1334]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Dark pigment concentrated on the distal end of the tracheae. This character was also observed in Dryadula</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A07209DFFAEC" box="[162,1423,1346,1370]" gridrow="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A07209DFFAEC" box="[162,1423,1346,1370]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFF3AA0720D08FAEC" box="[253,344,1346,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryadula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaetusa">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFF3AA0720D08FAEC" box="[253,344,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">phaetusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A05609DFFAC9" box="[162,1423,1382,1407]" gridrow="15" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A0560CA2FAC9" box="[162,242,1382,1407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(P61).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA05609DFFAC9" box="[253,1423,1382,1407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
Leg 3 not visible. Reversal in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFDEAA0570ECEFAC8" box="[557,670,1383,1406]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juno">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFDEAA0570ECEFAC8" box="[557,670,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Dione juno</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A0BA09DFFA14" box="[162,1423,1418,1442]" gridrow="16" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A0BA0CA2FA14" box="[162,242,1418,1442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">P63.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA0BA09DFFA14" box="[253,1423,1418,1442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Region along the dorsal suture of the mesothorax with a single keel: highest point along the suture in the mid-portion</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A09E09DFFA70" box="[162,1423,1454,1478]" gridrow="17" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A09E09DFFA70" box="[162,1423,1454,1478]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">of the mesothorax.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A0E209DFFA5D" box="[162,1423,1490,1515]" gridrow="18" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A0E20CA2FA5D" box="[162,242,1490,1515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(P74).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA0E209DFFA5D" box="[253,1423,1490,1515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
Crown hooks bifid. This character was also observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFCF5A0E30864FA5C" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[818,1076,1490,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pellenea">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFCF5A0E30FB2FA5C" box="[818,994,1490,1514]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Actinote pellenea</emphasis>
Hübner
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFBA3A0E2091FFA5D" authority="(Drury)" baseAuthorityName="Drury" box="[1124,1359,1490,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cethosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biblis">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFBA3A0E208ACFA5C" box="[1124,1276,1490,1514]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Cethosia biblis</emphasis>
(Drury)
</taxonomicName>
(Penz
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A0C609DFF9B8" box="[162,1423,1526,1550]" gridrow="19" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A0C609DFF9B8" box="[162,1423,1526,1550]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">pers. obs.).</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A32A09DFF985" box="[162,1423,1562,1587]" gridrow="20" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A32A0CA2F985" box="[162,242,1562,1587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(A81).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA32A09DFF985" box="[253,1423,1562,1587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Distal segment of the female leg 1 tarsi with a groove formed by the swelling of the ventro-lateral portions. This</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A30E09DFF9E1" box="[162,1423,1598,1623]" gridrow="21" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A30E09DFF9E1" box="[162,1423,1598,1623]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
character is also observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFDE5A30F0F6AF9E1" authority="(Cramer)" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" box="[546,826,1598,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptoieta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claudia">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFDE5A30F0E87F9E0" box="[546,727,1598,1622]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Euptoieta claudia</emphasis>
(Cramer)
</taxonomicName>
(Penz pers. obs.).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A35209DFF9CD" box="[162,1423,1634,1659]" gridrow="22" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A3520CA2F9CD" box="[162,242,1634,1659]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">A96.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA35209DFF9CD" box="[253,1423,1634,1659]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Forewing cross-vein m2–m3 out-curved.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A3B609DFF929" box="[162,1423,1670,1695]" gridrow="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A3B60CA2F929" box="[162,242,1670,1695]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">A118.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA3B609DFF929" box="[253,1423,1670,1695]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
Juxta curved longitudinally upwards.Although in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFD29A3B60FCCF928" box="[750,924,1670,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanillae">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFD29A3B60FCCF928" box="[750,924,1670,1694]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Agraulis vanillae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
both the juxta and the phallus are curved upwards,
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A39A09DFF974" box="[162,1423,1706,1730]" gridrow="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A39A09DFF974" box="[162,1423,1706,1730]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
the phallus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD2BA0AFE4AA39B0D9BF974" box="[397,459,1707,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFE4AA39B0D9BF974" box="[397,459,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
did not show a correlated curvature with that of the juxta.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A3FE09DFF951" box="[162,1423,1742,1767]" gridrow="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A3FE0CA2F951" box="[162,242,1742,1767]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">(A122).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA3FE09DFF951" box="[253,1423,1742,1767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Anterior edge of costae expanded beyond the pedunculi.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD245F4FF65A3C209DFF8BD" box="[162,1423,1778,1803]" gridrow="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF65A3C20CA2F8BD" box="[162,242,1778,1803]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">A134.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD245F4FF3AA3C209DFF8BD" box="[253,1423,1778,1803]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">Filiform scales on stink clubs predominantly bifid.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD2BA0AFBA1A22709CCF899" blockId="1.[1126,1436,1815,1839]" box="[1126,1436,1815,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD2BA0AFBA1A22709CCF899" box="[1126,1436,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD2BA0AFBA1A22709CCF899" box="[1126,1436,1815,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="395">...Continued on the next page</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6060EFFFD1BA09FF5FA5A70DC6FF19" box="[152,406,151,175]" isContinuationCaption="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" startId="2.[152,244,151,175]" targetBox="[162,1423,227,432]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF5FA5A70DC6FF19" blockId="2.[152,406,151,215]" box="[152,406,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF5FA5A70D5FFF19" bold="true" box="[152,271,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
(Continued)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30563ECFFD1BA09FF65A58F0CA0FE65" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF65A58F0D5AFF61" blockId="2.[152,406,151,215]" box="[162,266,191,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF6DA58F0D51FF61" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[170,257,191,215]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF6DA58F0D51FF61" box="[170,257,191,215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF65A5D30945FE19" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD145F4FF65A5D309DFFE06" box="[162,1423,227,432]" gridcols="2" gridrows="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A5D309DFFF4A" box="[162,1423,227,252]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<th id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A5D30CB5FF4A" box="[162,229,227,252]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(A79).</th>
<th id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA5D309DFFF4A" box="[253,1423,227,252]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Distal segments of female leg 1 tarsi cylindrical. This homoplasious character is also present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FB09A5D4090EFF4D" box="[1230,1374,228,251]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneta">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB09A5D4090EFF4D" box="[1230,1374,228,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione moneta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A43709DFFE96" box="[162,1423,263,288]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA43709DFFE96" box="[253,1423,263,288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
the outgroups 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FE49A4370E70FEA9" baseAuthorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[398,544,263,287]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Boloria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selene">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FE49A4370E70FEA9" box="[398,544,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Boloria selene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FD95A4380F57FEA9" box="[594,775,263,287]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptoieta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claudia">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FD95A4380F57FEA9" box="[594,775,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Euptoieta claudia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A41B09DFFEF5" box="[162,1423,299,323]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A41B0CB5FEF5" box="[162,229,299,323]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(A87).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA41B09DFFEF5" box="[253,1423,299,323]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Dorsal process of pulvillus absent (legs 2 and 3). 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD1BA09FD33A41B0FCFFEF5" author="Michener, C. D." box="[756,927,299,323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref3832" refString="Michener, C. D. (1942) A generic revision of the Heliconiinae (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). American Museum Novitates, 1197, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1942">Michener (1942)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD1BA09FC16A41B0837FEF5" author="Emsley, M." box="[977,1127,299,323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" pagination="85 - 130" refId="ref3483" refString="Emsley, M. (1963) A morphological study of imagine Heliconiinae (Lep.: Nymphalidae) with a consideration of the evolutionary relationships within the group. Zoologica, 48, 85 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 203312" type="journal article" year="1963">Emsley (1963)</bibRefCitation>
grouped 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FB0FA41B094FFEF5" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1224,1311,299,323]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB0FA41B094FFEF5" box="[1224,1311,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FA96A41C09DFFEF5" box="[1361,1423,300,323]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FA96A41C09DFFEF5" box="[1361,1423,300,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A47F09DFFED1" box="[162,1423,335,359]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA47F09DFFED1" box="[253,1423,335,359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">on the basis of their reduced pulvillus (their ‘tarsal setae’ and ‘paronychial processes’, respectively). A distinction</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A44309DFFE3D" box="[162,1423,371,395]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA44309DFFE3D" box="[253,1423,371,395]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
was made between the complete absence of pulvillar processes (as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC23A443086BFE3D" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[996,1083,371,395]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC23A443086BFE3D" box="[996,1083,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and a reduced condition (as in
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A4A709DFFE06" box="[162,1423,407,432]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA4A709DFFE06" box="[253,1423,407,432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF3AA4A80D6BFE19" box="[253,315,408,431]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF3AA4A80D6BFE19" box="[253,315,408,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). This character was also observed in the outgroup species 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC52A4A70816FE19" box="[917,1094,407,431]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pellenea">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC52A4A70816FE19" box="[917,1094,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Actinote pellenea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FBB0A4A7095FFE19" box="[1143,1295,407,431]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cethosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biblis">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBB0A4A7095FFE19" box="[1143,1295,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Cethosia biblis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF65A48B0CA0FE65" blockId="2.[162,240,443,467]" box="[162,240,443,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF6DA48C0CB8FE65" box="[170,232,444,467]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF6DA48C0CB8FE65" box="[170,232,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF65A4EF0DB2FC7D" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD145F4FF65A4EF09DFFC7D" box="[162,1423,479,971]" gridcols="2" gridrows="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A4EF09DFFE41" box="[162,1423,479,503]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<th id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A4EF0CA2FE41" box="[162,242,479,503]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(L26).</th>
<th id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA4EF09DFFE41" box="[253,1423,479,503]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Presence of large spines in a cluster in the antero-lateral portion of the maxillulae in the fifth instar larvae. This</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A73309DFFDAD" box="[162,1423,515,539]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A73309DFFDAD" box="[162,1423,515,539]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
character is also observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FDE5A7330F3DFDAD" authority="(Hewitson)" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" box="[546,877,515,539]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Podotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="telesiphe">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FDE5A7330EA4FDAD" box="[546,756,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Podotricha telesiphe</emphasis>
(Hewitson)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC59A733081FFDAD" box="[926,1103,515,539]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Actinote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pellenea">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC59A733081FFDAD" box="[926,1103,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Actinote pellenea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A71709DFFD89" box="[162,1423,551,575]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A7170CA2FD89" box="[162,242,551,575]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(L28).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA71709DFFD89" box="[253,1423,551,575]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Arms of the mentum bent markedly inward in the fifth instar larvae. This character is also observed in Podotricha</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A77B09DFFDD5" box="[162,1423,587,611]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A77B09DFFDD5" box="[162,1423,587,611]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF3AA77B0D07FDD5" box="[253,343,587,611]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Podotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="telesiphe">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF3AA77B0D07FDD5" box="[253,343,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">telesiphe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FE4FA77B0EF2FDD5" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" box="[392,674,587,611]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Heliconius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sara">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FE4FA77B0E79FDD5" box="[392,553,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Heliconius sara</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A75F09DFFD3E" box="[162,1423,623,648]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A75F0CA2FD3E" box="[162,242,623,648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(L37).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA75F09DFFD3E" box="[253,1423,623,648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Scoli on thoracic segment 1 present in the fifth instar larvae. 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC8BA75F0FA9FD31" box="[844,1017,623,647]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanillae">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC8BA75F0FA9FD31" box="[844,1017,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis vanillae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has tubercles in the homologous position
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A7A309DFFD1D" box="[162,1423,659,683]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA7A309DFFD1D" box="[253,1423,659,683]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
of the prothoracic scoli of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FDCEA7A40E17FD1D" box="[521,583,660,683]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FDCEA7A40E17FD1D" box="[521,583,660,683]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although intraspecific variation was observed in the size of these tubercles.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A78709DFFD79" box="[162,1423,695,719]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A7870CA2FD79" box="[162,242,695,719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(P56).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA78709DFFD79" box="[253,1423,695,719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Wing outline scalloped. This character is also observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC8CA787084EFD79" box="[843,1054,695,719]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Podotricha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="telesiphe">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC8CA787084EFD79" box="[843,1054,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Podotricha telesiphe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A7EB09DFFD45" box="[162,1423,731,755]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A7EB0CA2FD45" box="[162,242,731,755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(A82).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA7EB09DFFD45" box="[253,1423,731,755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Vestigial leg 1 pre-tarsal claw in females. The pre-tarsal claw is absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FBD3A7EC08F7FD45" box="[1044,1191,732,755]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneta">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBD3A7EC08F7FD45" box="[1044,1191,732,755]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione moneta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB18A7EB09DFFD45" box="[1247,1423,731,755]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Eueides aliphera</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A7CF09DFFCA1" box="[162,1423,767,791]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A7CF09DFFCA1" box="[162,1423,767,791]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF3AA7CF0D07FCA1" authority="(Godart)" baseAuthorityName="Godart" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[253,343,767,791]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eueides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aliphera">(Godart)</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A61309DFFC8D" box="[162,1423,803,827]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A6130CA2FC8D" box="[162,242,803,827]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">A88.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA61309DFFC8D" box="[253,1423,803,827]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dorsal process of pulvillus reduced, not reaching half the length of the pre-tarsal claw (leg 2).</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A67709DFFCE9" box="[162,1423,839,863]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A6770CA2FCE9" box="[162,242,839,863]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(A124)</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA67709DFFCE9" box="[253,1423,839,863]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Dorso-posterior extremity of harpe adorned. This character is also observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FBE8A6770893FCE9" baseAuthorityName="Denis &amp; Schiffermuller" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1071,1219,839,863]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Boloria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selene">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBE8A6770893FCE9" box="[1071,1219,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Boloria selene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FB15A67809D9FCE9" box="[1234,1417,839,863]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Euptoieta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claudia">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB15A67809D9FCE9" box="[1234,1417,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Euptoieta claudia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A65B09DFFC35" box="[162,1423,875,899]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A65B09DFFC35" box="[162,1423,875,899]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF3AA65B0DEFFC35" box="[253,447,875,899]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryadula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaetusa">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF3AA65B0DEFFC35" box="[253,447,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dryadula phaetusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FDA5A65B0F5AFC35" authority="Hubner." authorityName="Hubner." box="[610,778,875,899]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eueides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FDA5A65B0EE2FC35" box="[610,690,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Eueides</emphasis>
Hübner.
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A6BF09DFFC11" box="[162,1423,911,935]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A6BF0CA2FC11" box="[162,242,911,935]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">(A125).</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA6BF09DFFC11" box="[253,1423,911,935]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Crista present. This structure is present in various taxa within the 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC51A6BF084BFC11" box="[918,1051,911,935]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heliconiinae">Heliconiinae</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A68309DFFC7D" box="[162,1423,947,971]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A6830CA2FC7D" box="[162,242,947,971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">A132.</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF3AA68309DFFC7D" box="[253,1423,947,971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Stink club tip squared.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6060EFFFD1BA09FF5FA6CC088CFBC9" ID-Table-UUID="DF6060EFFFD1BA09FF5FA6CC088CFBC9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD1BA09FF5FA6CC088CFBC9" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" startId="2.[152,244,1020,1044]" targetBox="[162,1424,1206,1870]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF5FA6CC088CFBC9" blockId="2.[151,1437,1020,1152]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF5FA6CC0D41FBA2" bold="true" box="[152,273,1020,1044]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Morphological characters that distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FD22A6CC0F11FBA2" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[741,833,1020,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FD22A6CC0F11FBA2" box="[741,833,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC41A6CC0F97FBA5" box="[902,967,1020,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC41A6CC0F97FBA5" box="[902,967,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
listed by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD1BA09FBF0A6CC0956FBA2" author="Nunez, R. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Alvarez, Y. &amp; Genaro, J. A. &amp; Perez-Asso, A. R. &amp; Quejereta, M. &amp; Turner, T. &amp; Miller, J. Y. &amp; Brevignon, C. &amp; Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A." box="[1079,1286,1020,1044]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" pagination="152 - 178" refId="ref3863" refString="Nunez, R., Willmott, K. R., Alvarez, Y., Genaro, J. A., Perez-Asso, A. R., Quejereta, M., Turner, T., Miller, J. Y., Brevignon, C., Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A. (2022) Integrative taxonomy clarifies species limits in the hitherto monotypic passion-vine butterfly genera Agraulis and Dryas (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae). Systematic Entomology, 47 (1), 152 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12523" type="journal article" year="2022">
Nuñez 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB42A6CD08EDFBA2" box="[1157,1213,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">et al.</emphasis>
(2022
</bibRefCitation>
, Appendix I). Numbers were maintained from the original publication, which should be consulted for illustrations and further information. Comments following characters are mostly quoted 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FD7DA1740F49FBEA" box="[698,793,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">verbatim</emphasis>
from the original publication, but references were generally omitted. Character comparisons to 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FDCAA1580E1EFBC9" box="[525,590,1128,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FDCAA1580E1EFBC9" box="[525,590,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear in parentheses after the characters listed for 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FBBEA1580885FB36" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1145,1237,1128,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBBEA1580885FB36" box="[1145,1237,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF65A1BF0CB0FB11" blockId="2.[162,224,1167,1191]" box="[162,224,1167,1191]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF65A1BF0CB0FB11" bold="true" box="[162,224,1167,1191]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD1BA09FF65A1BF0CB0FB11" box="[162,224,1167,1191]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" targetBox="[162,1424,1206,1870]" targetPageId="2">Adult</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FF65A1860D4DF8F8" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD145F4FF65A18609C0F8F8" box="[162,1424,1206,1870]" colsContinueIn="3.[209,1423,240,392]" gridcols="2" gridrows="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A18609C0FB78" box="[162,1424,1206,1230]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<th id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A1860C93FB78" box="[162,195,1206,1230]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">1-</th>
<th id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A18609C0FB78" box="[209,1424,1206,1230]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
antennal club: 2 times as long as broad (3 times as long as broad in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC6EA1870FB7FB78" box="[937,999,1207,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC6EA1870FB7FB78" box="[937,999,1207,1230]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Figured by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD1BA09FBBDA186097BFB78" author="Michener, C. D." box="[1146,1323,1206,1230]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref3832" refString="Michener, C. D. (1942) A generic revision of the Heliconiinae (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). American Museum Novitates, 1197, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1942">Michener (1942)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FAFFA18609DFFB78" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1336,1423,1206,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FAFFA18609DFFB78" box="[1336,1423,1206,1230]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A1E609C0FB59" box="[162,1424,1238,1263]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A1E609C0FB59" box="[209,1424,1238,1263]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
antennal clubs are the broadest among 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FD9CA1E60E80FB58" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1822" box="[603,720,1238,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Heliconiini">Heliconiini</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A1C609C0FAB9" box="[162,1424,1270,1295]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A1C60C93FAB9" box="[162,195,1270,1295]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">2-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A1C609C0FAB9" box="[209,1424,1270,1295]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
distribution of androconia: FW (FW &amp; HW in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FD6EA1C70EB7FAB8" box="[681,743,1271,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FD6EA1C70EB7FAB8" box="[681,743,1271,1294]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Condition shared only with 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FBD0A1C60828FAB8" authorityName="Michener" authorityYear="1942" box="[1047,1144,1270,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryadula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBD0A1C60828FAB8" box="[1047,1144,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dryadula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
among the 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FB28A1C60934FAB8" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1822" box="[1263,1380,1270,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Heliconiini">Heliconiini</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A02609C0FA98" box="[162,1424,1302,1326]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A0260C93FA98" box="[162,195,1302,1326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">3-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A02609C0FA98" box="[209,1424,1302,1326]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">FW outer margin: smooth, slightly concavous at mid portion (variously emarginated, deeply concavous at its mid portion in</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A00609C0FAF8" box="[162,1424,1334,1358]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A00609C0FAF8" box="[162,1424,1334,1358]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF16A0070D5FFAF8" box="[209,271,1335,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF16A0070D5FFAF8" box="[209,271,1335,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Emarginated in Cu1 and 1A and barely at M 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD1BA09FD1CA0060EAFFAF8" box="[731,767,1334,1358]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FCC3A0070F1EFAF8" box="[772,846,1335,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juno">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FCC3A0070F1EFAF8" box="[772,846,1335,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">D. juno</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, emarginated in M2 and M 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD1BA09FB98A00608D3FAF8" box="[1119,1155,1334,1358]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FB4FA00708A1FAF8" box="[1160,1265,1334,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycera">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB4FA00708A1FAF8" box="[1160,1265,1334,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">D. glycera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FAE7A00709C0FAF8" box="[1312,1424,1335,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FAE7A00709DCFAF8" box="[1312,1420,1335,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneta">D. moneta</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A06609C0FAD8" box="[162,1424,1366,1390]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A0660C93FAD8" box="[162,195,1366,1390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">4-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A06609C0FAD8" box="[209,1424,1366,1390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
Separation of HW anal veins ends: ≈ 2X distance 1A to Cu2 (≈ 2.5 X distance 1A to Cu 
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FBB2A06708E3FAD8" box="[1141,1203,1367,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBB2A06708E3FAD8" box="[1141,1203,1367,1390]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A04609C0FA38" box="[162,1424,1398,1422]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A0460C93FA38" box="[162,195,1398,1422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">5-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A04609C0FA38" box="[209,1424,1398,1422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
dorsal process of pulvillus: absent (present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FD65A0470EB0FA38" box="[674,736,1399,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FD65A0470EB0FA38" box="[674,736,1399,1422]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). See A 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD1BA09FCF6A0460F34FA38" box="[817,868,1398,1422]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2098" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" unit="in" value="87.0">87 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD1BA09FCADA0460FE6FA38" box="[874,950,1398,1422]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,244,619,643]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters that support the relationships between Agraulis and Dione plus those that distinguish" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A0A609C0FA18" box="[162,1424,1430,1454]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A0A60C93FA18" box="[162,195,1430,1454]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">6-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A0A609C0FA18" box="[209,1424,1430,1454]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
sexual dimorphism in origin of Cu veins at FW: present (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FCB3A0A70FE2FA18" box="[884,946,1431,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FCB3A0A70FE2FA18" box="[884,946,1431,1454]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A08609C0FA78" box="[162,1424,1462,1486]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A0860C93FA78" box="[162,195,1462,1486]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">7-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A08609C0FA78" box="[209,1424,1462,1486]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
crista on male genitalia valva: absent (present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FD19A0870F4CFA78" box="[734,796,1463,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FD19A0870F4CFA78" box="[734,796,1463,1486]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD1BA09FCF2A0870855FA78" author="Nunez, R. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Alvarez, Y. &amp; Genaro, J. A. &amp; Perez-Asso, A. R. &amp; Quejereta, M. &amp; Turner, T. &amp; Miller, J. Y. &amp; Brevignon, C. &amp; Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A." box="[821,1029,1462,1486]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" pagination="152 - 178" refId="ref3863" refString="Nunez, R., Willmott, K. R., Alvarez, Y., Genaro, J. A., Perez-Asso, A. R., Quejereta, M., Turner, T., Miller, J. Y., Brevignon, C., Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A. (2022) Integrative taxonomy clarifies species limits in the hitherto monotypic passion-vine butterfly genera Agraulis and Dryas (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae). Systematic Entomology, 47 (1), 152 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12523" type="journal article" year="2022">
Nuñez 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC46A0870FE8FA78" box="[897,952,1462,1486]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
examined male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FAFFA08609DFFA78" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1336,1423,1462,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FAFFA08609DFFA78" box="[1336,1423,1462,1486]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A0E609C0FA58" box="[162,1424,1494,1518]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A0E609C0FA58" box="[162,1424,1494,1518]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
specimens at the ZSM representing 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FD91A0E70F77FA58" authority="(Rh 1766)" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[598,807,1494,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incarnata">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FD91A0E70EE9FA58" box="[598,697,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">incarnata</emphasis>
(Rh1766)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FCF0A0E60FAEFA58" authority="(Rh 1754)" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1754" box="[823,1022,1494,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FCF0A0E60FC0FA58" box="[823,912,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">insularis</emphasis>
(Rh1754)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FBC9A0E6081DFA58" box="[1038,1101,1494,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucina">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBC9A0E6081DFA58" box="[1038,1101,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">lucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rh1770, Rh1771), 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FAE9A0E609DFFA58" box="[1326,1423,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">maculosa</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A0C609C0F9B8" box="[162,1424,1526,1550]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A0C609C0F9B8" box="[162,1424,1526,1550]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF16A0C60D64F9B8" authority="(Rh 1761)" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[209,308,1526,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">(Rh1761)</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FEF9A0C70DD6F9B8" box="[318,390,1527,1550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">nigrior</emphasis>
(Rh1753, Rh1769) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FDBBA0C60E9EF9B8" box="[636,718,1526,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanillae">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FDBBA0C60E9EF9B8" box="[636,718,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">vanillae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rh1755, Rh1762). See A 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD1BA09FC1CA0C6084AF9B8" box="[987,1050,1526,1550]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" unit="in" value="125.0">125 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD1BA09FBE7A0C6083CF9B8" box="[1056,1132,1526,1550]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,244,619,643]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters that support the relationships between Agraulis and Dione plus those that distinguish" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A32609C0F998" box="[162,1424,1558,1582]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A3260C93F998" box="[162,195,1558,1582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">8-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A32609C0F998" box="[209,1424,1558,1582]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">process on valva tip of male genitalia: short, with spines, posteriad pointed (elongated, without spines, anteriordorsal</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A30609C0F9F8" box="[162,1424,1590,1614]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A30609C0F9F8" box="[162,1424,1590,1614]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
pointed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FEFAA3070D2BF9F8" box="[317,379,1591,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FEFAA3070D2BF9F8" box="[317,379,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Modified from A 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD1BA09FDF9A3060E2DF9F8" box="[574,637,1590,1614]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1496" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" unit="in" value="124.0">124 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD1BA09FD44A3060E9FF9F8" box="[643,719,1590,1614]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,244,619,643]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters that support the relationships between Agraulis and Dione plus those that distinguish" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A36609C0F9D8" box="[162,1424,1622,1646]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A3660C93F9D8" box="[162,195,1622,1646]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">9-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A36609C0F9D8" box="[209,1424,1622,1646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">dorsal process of valva: short, blunt and posteriad pointed (elongated, posterodorsal pointed, surpassing projection of tip</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A34609C0F938" box="[162,1424,1654,1678]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A34609C0F938" box="[162,1424,1654,1678]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF2CA3470D79F938" box="[235,297,1655,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF2CA3470D79F938" box="[235,297,1655,1678]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A3A609C0F919" box="[162,1424,1686,1711]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A3A60C93F919" box="[162,195,1686,1711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">10-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A3A609C0F919" box="[209,1424,1686,1711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
stink-club tip of female 8 
<superScript id="7C6A9D2FFFD1BA09FE26A3A60DBCF912" attach="left" box="[481,492,1686,1700]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">th</superScript>
abdominal segment: rounded (squared in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC6CA3A70FB9F918" box="[939,1001,1687,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC6CA3A70FB9F918" box="[939,1001,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD1BA09FBC5A3A70883F918" author="Nunez, R. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Alvarez, Y. &amp; Genaro, J. A. &amp; Perez-Asso, A. R. &amp; Quejereta, M. &amp; Turner, T. &amp; Miller, J. Y. &amp; Brevignon, C. &amp; Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A." box="[1026,1235,1686,1710]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" pagination="152 - 178" refId="ref3863" refString="Nunez, R., Willmott, K. R., Alvarez, Y., Genaro, J. A., Perez-Asso, A. R., Quejereta, M., Turner, T., Miller, J. Y., Brevignon, C., Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A. (2022) Integrative taxonomy clarifies species limits in the hitherto monotypic passion-vine butterfly genera Agraulis and Dryas (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae). Systematic Entomology, 47 (1), 152 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12523" type="journal article" year="2022">
Nuñez 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB89A3A708D5F918" box="[1102,1157,1686,1710]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
examined female
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A38609C0F978" box="[162,1424,1718,1742]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A38609C0F978" box="[209,1424,1718,1742]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FE8CA3860DF2F978" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[331,418,1718,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FE8CA3860DF2F978" box="[331,418,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens at the ZSM representing 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FCDEA3870FB6F978" authority="(Rh 1768)" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1768" box="[793,998,1718,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incarnata">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FCDEA3870F2CF978" box="[793,892,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">incarnata</emphasis>
(Rh1768)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC36A38608E4F978" authority="(Rh 1772)" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1772" box="[1009,1204,1718,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC36A386081AF978" box="[1009,1098,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">insularis</emphasis>
(Rh1772)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FB78A38609DBF978" authority="(Rh 1767)" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[1215,1419,1718,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FB78A3860970F978" box="[1215,1312,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">maculosa</emphasis>
(Rh1767)
</taxonomicName>
,
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A3E609C0F958" box="[162,1424,1750,1774]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A3E609C0F958" box="[162,1424,1750,1774]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF3CA3E60DE7F958" authority="(Rh 1760)" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1760" box="[251,439,1750,1774]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanillae">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF3CA3E60D1DF958" box="[251,333,1750,1774]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">vanillae</emphasis>
(Rh1760)
</taxonomicName>
. See A 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD1BA09FE39A3E60E6DF958" box="[510,573,1750,1774]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3528" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" unit="in" value="132.0">132 in</quantity>
<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD1BA09FD84A3E60EDFF958" box="[579,655,1750,1774]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,244,619,643]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters that support the relationships between Agraulis and Dione plus those that distinguish" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A3C609C0F8B8" box="[162,1424,1782,1806]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A3C60C93F8B8" box="[162,195,1782,1806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">11-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A3C609C0F8B8" box="[209,1424,1782,1806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
scales on stink club: longly bifid (hairlike, tip simple or shortly bifid in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FC60A3C70FB5F8B8" box="[935,997,1783,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FC60A3C70FB5F8B8" box="[935,997,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A22609C0F898" box="[162,1424,1814,1838]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A2260C93F898" box="[162,195,1814,1838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">12-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF16A22609C0F898" box="[209,1424,1814,1838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">signum of female genitalia: constricted transversely near anterior end, spines large (without constriction, spines tiny in</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD145F4FF65A20609C0F8F8" box="[162,1424,1846,1870]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD145F4FF65A20609C0F8F8" box="[162,1424,1846,1870]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD1BA09FF16A2070D5FF8F8" box="[209,271,1847,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FF16A2070D5FF8F8" box="[209,271,1847,1870]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD1BA09FBB4A26B09CCF8C5" blockId="2.[1139,1436,1883,1907]" box="[1139,1436,1883,1907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBB4A26B09CCF8C5" box="[1139,1436,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD1BA09FBB4A26B09CCF8C5" box="[1139,1436,1883,1907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD1BA09FBB4A26B08D6F8C4" bold="true" box="[1139,1158,1883,1906]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="396">...</emphasis>
Continued on the next page
</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A5920D9BFF0C" blockId="3.[209,459,162,186]" box="[209,459,162,186]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD0BA08FF16A5920D9BFF0C" box="[209,459,162,186]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[209,1423,240,392]" targetPageId="3">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FF16A5920D13FF0C" bold="true" box="[209,323,162,186]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
(Continued)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A5F90CABFF57" blockId="3.[209,251,201,225]" box="[209,251,201,225]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FF16A5F90CABFF57" bold="true" box="[209,251,201,225]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD0BA08FF16A5F90CABFF57" box="[209,251,201,225]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[209,1423,240,392]" targetPageId="3">Egg</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A5C0086FFE31" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD045F4FF16A5C009DFFE3E" box="[209,1423,240,392]" colsContinueFrom="2.[162,1424,1206,1870]" colsContinueIn="3.[209,1423,432,552]" gridcols="2" gridrows="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A5C009DFFEBE" box="[209,1423,240,264]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A5C00CA3FEBE" box="[209,243,240,264]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">13-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A5C009DFFEBE" box="[255,1423,240,264]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
ratio vertical/horizontal ridges &amp; egg cells shape:&gt;1 (≤ 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FCECA5C00F1EFEBE" box="[811,846,240,264]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FC94A5C00FC1FEB1" box="[851,913,240,263]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FC94A5C00FC1FEB1" box="[851,913,240,263]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The number of vertical/horizontal and egg ridges
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A43F09DFFE3E" box="[209,1423,271,392]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A43F09DFFE3E" box="[255,1423,271,392]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
is a variable condition but average ratio values are useful. 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FC9EA4200FE0FE9E" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[857,944,272,296]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FC9EA4200FE0FE9E" box="[857,944,272,296]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
counts: 14/ 
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<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FB4DA42008BDFE91" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1768" box="[1162,1261,272,295]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incarnata">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FB4DA42008BDFE91" box="[1162,1261,272,295]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">incarnata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 15–19/ 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FA86A43F09DFFE9E" box="[1345,1423,271,296]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FF38A4000D30FEFE" baseAuthorityName="Rh" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[255,352,304,328]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FF38A4000D30FEFE" box="[255,352,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">maculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 16–17/ 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FE19A4000E65FEFE" box="[478,565,304,328]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 in</quantity>
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FDFDA4000ED0FEFE" box="[570,640,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">vanilla</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FD4AA4000E9BFEF1" box="[653,715,304,327]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FD4AA4000E9BFEF1" box="[653,715,304,327]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
counts: 13–15/ 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FCA2A41F0FEFFEFE" box="[869,959,303,328]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.048" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="14.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="12.0">12–16 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FC03A4000FA1FEF1" box="[964,1009,304,327]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juno">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FC03A4000FA1FEF1" box="[964,1009,304,327]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">juno</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 15–16/ 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FB83A41F08CCFEFE" box="[1092,1180,303,328]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16–18 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FB65A40008BDFEF1" box="[1186,1261,304,327]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneta">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FB65A40008BDFEF1" box="[1186,1261,304,327]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">moneta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 14–16/ 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FAAEA4000D65FEDE" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.207" metricValueMax="5.842" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="20.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="18.0">18– 23 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FEFAA4600DD9FEDE" box="[317,393,336,360]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycera">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FEFAA4600DD9FEDE" box="[317,393,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">glycera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These differences result in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FD77A4600F57FEDE" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[688,775,336,360]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FD77A4600F57FEDE" box="[688,775,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
eggs having ca. squared cells while 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FB41A4600894FED1" box="[1158,1220,336,359]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FB41A4600894FED1" box="[1158,1220,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’s eggs possess thin horizontal rectangles. See 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD0BA08FDCCA4400E80FE3E" author="Nunez, R. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Alvarez, Y. &amp; Genaro, J. A. &amp; Perez-Asso, A. R. &amp; Quejereta, M. &amp; Turner, T. &amp; Miller, J. Y. &amp; Brevignon, C. &amp; Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A." box="[523,720,368,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" pagination="152 - 178" refId="ref3863" refString="Nunez, R., Willmott, K. R., Alvarez, Y., Genaro, J. A., Perez-Asso, A. R., Quejereta, M., Turner, T., Miller, J. Y., Brevignon, C., Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A. (2022) Integrative taxonomy clarifies species limits in the hitherto monotypic passion-vine butterfly genera Agraulis and Dryas (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae). Systematic Entomology, 47 (1), 152 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12523" type="journal article" year="2022">
Nuñez 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FD94A4400ED6FE3E" box="[595,646,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
for the sources of published counts.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A4BF0DD8FE1E" blockId="3.[209,392,399,424]" box="[209,392,399,424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FF16A4BF0DD8FE1E" bold="true" box="[209,392,399,424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD0BA08FF16A4BF0DD8FE1E" box="[209,392,399,424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[209,1423,240,392]" targetPageId="3">First instar larva</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A48008EEFD9E" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD045F4FF16A48009DFFD9E" box="[209,1423,432,552]" colsContinueFrom="3.[209,1423,240,392]" colsContinueIn="3.[209,1318,591,648]" gridcols="2" gridrows="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A48009DFFE7E" box="[209,1423,432,456]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<th id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A4800CA3FE7E" box="[209,243,432,456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">14-</th>
<th id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A48009DFFE7E" box="[255,1423,432,456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
meso &amp; metathorax SV setae: SV1 (SV1 &amp; SV 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FD1DA4800F50FE7E" box="[730,768,432,456]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FCC2A4800F13FE71" box="[773,835,432,455]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FCC2A4800F13FE71" box="[773,835,432,455]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Among 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FC6FA480084DFE7E" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1822" box="[936,1053,432,456]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Heliconiini">Heliconiini</taxonomicName>
, besides 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FBB0A4800957FE7E" box="[1143,1287,432,456]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FBB0A48008E5FE71" box="[1143,1205,432,455]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, the SV2 seta
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A4E009DFFE5E" box="[209,1423,464,488]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A4E009DFFE5E" box="[255,1423,464,488]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
is only present on mesothorax of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FD96A4E00EA9FE5E" box="[593,761,464,488]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Heliconius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doris">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FD96A4E00EA9FE5E" box="[593,761,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Heliconius doris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A4DF09DFFDBE" box="[209,1423,495,520]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A4DF0CA3FDBE" box="[209,243,495,520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">15-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A4DF09DFFDBE" box="[255,1423,495,520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
length of D2 seta on A1–A8: ≈ 1/10 length of D1 (≈ 1/2–2/3 length of D 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FC22A4C00859FDBE" box="[997,1033,496,520]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FBD7A4C0081EFDB1" box="[1040,1102,496,519]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FBD7A4C0081EFDB1" box="[1040,1102,496,519]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The extremely short D2 setae
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A72009DFFD9E" box="[209,1423,528,552]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A72009DFFD9E" box="[209,1423,528,552]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
on A1–A 
<quantity id="4CE79D82FFD0BA08FE9AA7200DD2FD9E" box="[349,386,528,552]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FE4EA7200DB0FD9E" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[393,480,528,552]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FE4EA7200DB0FD9E" box="[393,480,528,552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique among all 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FD73A7200F76FD9E" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1822" box="[692,806,528,552]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Heliconiini">Heliconiini</taxonomicName>
with immature stages described to date.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A71F0DDAFDFE" blockId="3.[209,394,559,584]" box="[209,394,559,584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FF16A71F0DDAFDFE" bold="true" box="[209,394,559,584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD0BA08FF16A71F0DDAFDFE" box="[209,394,559,584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[209,1423,240,392]" targetPageId="3">Fifth instar larva</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A77F0874FD3E" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD045F4FF16A77F0976FD3E" box="[209,1318,591,648]" colsContinueFrom="3.[209,1423,432,552]" colsContinueIn="3.[209,1423,688,808]" gridcols="2" gridrows="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A77F0976FDDE" box="[209,1318,591,616]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A77F0CA3FDDE" box="[209,243,591,616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">16-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A77F0976FDDE" box="[255,1318,591,616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
cluster spines on the anterolateral portion of the maxillula: absent (present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FBC8A760081DFDD1" box="[1039,1101,592,615]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FBC8A760081DFDD1" box="[1039,1101,592,615]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). See L 
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<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD0BA08FB11A7600972FDDE" box="[1238,1314,592,616]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,244,619,643]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters that support the relationships between Agraulis and Dione plus those that distinguish" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A7400976FD3E" box="[209,1318,624,648]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A7400CA3FD3E" box="[209,243,624,648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">17-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A7400976FD3E" box="[255,1318,624,648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
arms of mentum bent inward: slightly (markedly in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FCCBA7400F1AFD31" box="[780,842,624,647]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FCCBA7400F1AFD31" box="[780,842,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). See L 
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<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD0BA08FC14A740084FFD3E" box="[979,1055,624,648]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,244,619,643]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters that support the relationships between Agraulis and Dione plus those that distinguish" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A7A00D59FD1E" blockId="3.[209,265,656,680]" box="[209,265,656,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FF16A7A00D59FD1E" bold="true" box="[209,265,656,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tableNote id="76F931E9FFD0BA08FF16A7A00D59FD1E" box="[209,265,656,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" targetBox="[209,1423,432,552]" targetPageId="3">Pupa</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF16A780084DFC9E" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<table id="F91FC2C7FFD045F4FF16A78009DFFC9E" box="[209,1423,688,808]" colsContinueFrom="3.[209,1318,591,648]" gridcols="2" gridrows="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A78009DFFD7E" box="[209,1423,688,712]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<th id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A7800CA3FD7E" box="[209,243,688,712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">18-</th>
<th id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A78009DFFD7E" box="[255,1423,688,712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">size of cephalic projections: large, more than half length of head (small, slightly surpassing anterior margin of head</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A7E009DFFD5E" box="[209,1423,720,744]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A7E009DFFD5E" box="[209,1423,720,744]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FEDEA7E00D07FD51" box="[281,343,720,743]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FEDEA7E00D07FD51" box="[281,343,720,743]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A7C009DFFCBE" box="[209,1423,752,776]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A7C00CA3FCBE" box="[209,243,752,776]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">19-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A7C009DFFCBE" box="[255,1423,752,776]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
texture of thoracic dorsal keel: smooth (rugose in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FD3FA7C00F66FCB1" box="[760,822,752,775]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FD3FA7C00F66FCB1" box="[760,822,752,775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352F3225FFD045F4FF16A62009DFFC9E" box="[209,1423,784,808]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF16A6200CA3FC9E" box="[209,243,784,808]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">20-</td>
<td id="76FE5B59FFD045F4FF38A62009DFFC9E" box="[255,1423,784,808]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
ornamentation on A4 dorsum: small size tubercles (enlarged flanges in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FC16A620085FFC91" box="[977,1039,784,807]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FC16A620085FFC91" box="[977,1039,784,807]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C30563ECFFD0BA08FF00A6680DD7FBDA" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA03067FFD0BA08FF00A6680DD7FBDA" blockId="3.[151,1437,856,1132]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">
This study proposes, and provides a justification for, the reinstatement of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FC33A6680800FCC6" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1012,1104,856,880]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FC33A6680800FCC6" box="[1012,1104,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to generic status. Sister-taxon relationships between 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FE43A64C0DB0FC22" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[388,480,892,916]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FE43A64C0DB0FC22" box="[388,480,892,916]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FDD6A64D0E02FC22" box="[529,594,893,916]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FDD6A64D0E02FC22" box="[529,594,893,916]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been supported independently by analyses using morphology (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD0BA08FAE4A64C09C5FC22" author="Penz, C. M." box="[1315,1429,892,916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" pagination="277 - 344" refId="ref3975" refString="Penz, C. M. (1999) Higher level phylogeny for the passion-vine butterflies (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) based on early stage and adult morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 127, 277 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1999. tb 00680. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Penz 1999</bibRefCitation>
) and multiple DNA markers demonstrated to be informative from species to family levels (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD0BA08FB96A6900963FC0E" author="Wahlberg N. &amp; Leneveu, J. &amp; Kodandaramaiah, U. &amp; Pena, C. &amp; Nylin, S. &amp; Freitas, A. V. L. &amp; Brower A. V. Z." box="[1105,1331,928,952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" pagination="4295 - 4302" refId="ref4124" refString="Wahlberg N., Leneveu, J., Kodandaramaiah, U., Pena, C., Nylin, S., Freitas, A. V. L. &amp; Brower A. V. Z. (2009) Nymphalid butterflies diversify following near demise at the Cretaceous / Tertiary boundary. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 276, 4295 - 4302. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2009.1303" type="journal article" year="2009">
Wahlberg 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FB07A69108A5FC0E" box="[1216,1269,928,952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD0BA08FAFAA6900CA1FC6A" author="Kozak, K. M. &amp; Wahlberg, N. &amp; Neild, A. F. &amp; Dasmahapatra, K. K. &amp; Mallet, J. &amp; Jiggins, C. D." pageId="3" pageNumber="397" pagination="505 - 524" refId="ref3696" refString="Kozak, K. M., Wahlberg, N., Neild, A. F., Dasmahapatra, K. K., Mallet, J. &amp; Jiggins, C. D. (2015) Multilocus species trees show the recent adaptive radiation of the mimetic Heliconius butterflies. Systematic biology, 64 (3), 505 - 524. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syv 007" type="journal article" year="2015">
Kozak 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FA4EA6910CE3FC6A" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
, Zhang 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FE80A6F50D2CFC6A" box="[327,380,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
2019, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD0BA08FE02A6F40EDDFC6A" author="Chazot, N. &amp; Condamine, F. L. &amp; Dudas, G. &amp; Pena, C. &amp; Kodandaramaiah, U. &amp; Matos-Maravi, P. &amp; Aduse-Poku, K. &amp; Elias, M. &amp; Warren, A. D. &amp; Lohman, D. J. &amp; Penz, C. M. &amp; DeVries, P. &amp; Fric, Z. F. &amp; Nylin, S. &amp; Muller, C. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. &amp; Silva-Brandao, K. L. &amp; Lamas, G. &amp; Kleckova, I. &amp; Zubek, A. &amp; Ortiz-Acevedo, E. &amp; Vila, R. &amp; Vane-Wright, R. I. &amp; Mullen, S. P. &amp; Jiggins, C. D. &amp; Freitas, A. V. L. &amp; Wahlberg, N." box="[453,653,964,988]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" pagination="5717" refId="ref3239" refString="Chazot, N., Condamine, F. L., Dudas, G., Pena, C., Kodandaramaiah, U., Matos-Maravi, P., Aduse-Poku, K., Elias, M., Warren, A. D., Lohman, D. J., Penz, C. M., DeVries, P., Fric, Z. F., Nylin, S., Muller, C., Kawahara, A. Y., Silva-Brandao, K. L., Lamas, G., Kleckova, I., Zubek, A., Ortiz-Acevedo, E., Vila, R., Vane-Wright, R. I., Mullen, S. P., Jiggins, C. D., Freitas, A. V. L. &amp; Wahlberg, N. (2021) Conserved ancestral tropical niche but different continental histories explain the latitudinal diversity gradient in brush-footed butterflies. Nature Communications, 12 (1), 5717. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41467 - 021 - 25906 - 8" type="journal article" year="2021">
Chazot 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FDD0A6F50E1DFC6A" box="[535,589,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). In support for the genus rank of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FC31A6F40802FC6A" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1014,1106,964,988]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FC31A6F40802FC6A" box="[1014,1106,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, morphological characters that distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FED3A6D80D20FBB6" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[276,368,1000,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FED3A6D80D20FBB6" box="[276,368,1000,1024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FE62A6D90DB6FBB6" box="[421,486,1001,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FE62A6D90DB6FBB6" box="[421,486,1001,1024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are listed in 
<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD0BA08FDB4A6D80E9DFBB6" box="[627,717,1000,1024]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,244,619,643]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,842,1803]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters that support the relationships between Agraulis and Dione plus those that distinguish" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD2BA0AFF5FA75B0FE0FCA5">Tables 1</tableCitation>
and 
<tableCitation id="C69D05DCFFD0BA08FCC4A6D80F43FBB6" box="[771,787,1000,1024]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="2.[152,244,1020,1044]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,1206,1870]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological characters that distinguish Agraulis from Dione listed by Nuñez et al. (2022, Appendix I). Numbers were maintainedfrom theoriginal publication, which should be consulted for illustrations andfurther information. Comments following characters are mostly quoted verbatim from the original publication, but references were generally omitted. Character comparisons to Dione appear in parentheses after the characters listed for Agraulis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6060EFFFD1BA09FF5FA6CC088CFBC9" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" tableUuid="DF6060EFFFD1BA09FF5FA6CC088CFBC9">2</tableCitation>
. Finally, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E4D96FFD0BA08FCB0A6D90818FBB6" author="Nunez, R. &amp; Willmott, K. R. &amp; Alvarez, Y. &amp; Genaro, J. A. &amp; Perez-Asso, A. R. &amp; Quejereta, M. &amp; Turner, T. &amp; Miller, J. Y. &amp; Brevignon, C. &amp; Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A." box="[887,1096,1000,1024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" pagination="152 - 178" refId="ref3863" refString="Nunez, R., Willmott, K. R., Alvarez, Y., Genaro, J. A., Perez-Asso, A. R., Quejereta, M., Turner, T., Miller, J. Y., Brevignon, C., Lamas, G. &amp; Hausmann, A. (2022) Integrative taxonomy clarifies species limits in the hitherto monotypic passion-vine butterfly genera Agraulis and Dryas (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae). Systematic Entomology, 47 (1), 152 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12523" type="journal article" year="2022">
Nuñez 
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FC03A6D90FABFBB6" box="[964,1019,1000,1024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
provided intra and intergeneric mean genetic distances for 12 molecular markers that range from 0.2–2.1% among species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FB68A13C095BFB92" authorityName="Boisduval &amp; Le Conte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1199,1291,1036,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Agraulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FB68A13C095BFB92" box="[1199,1291,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Agraulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 0.87–5.12% among those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FEF9A1010D2FFBFE" box="[318,383,1073,1096]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FEF9A1010D2FFBFE" box="[318,383,1073,1096]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 2.85–10.47% between these genera. Given their findings, a comprehensive taxonomic revision of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F4BE4FFD0BA08FF73A1650CA5FBDA" box="[180,245,1109,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96BEC75FFD0BA08FF73A1650CA5FBDA" box="[180,245,1109,1132]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="397">Dione</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is warranted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>