183 lines
20 KiB
XML
183 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="9CE1E3960CE7446929C982880D45F7D6" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2012.708452" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4590828" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615293597861" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kramer, Bernd, Bills, Roger, Skelton, Paul & Wink, Michael" docDate="2012" docId="038087B4FFA6FFD6A32CFDA6641B37B7" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.46.35-36.2179-2258.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 46 (35 - 36)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.708452" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="DE8A86AD4006EFA56F95B2AAEFBF2813" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Petrocephalus stuhlmanni Boulenger 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="2247" masterDocId="FFB9FFCCFFE0FF90A279FFDA6003327D" masterDocTitle="A critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis, and the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="2258" masterPageNumber="2179" pageNumber="2247" updateTime="1698882054463" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="023B427B60F0B4C3C6B69061B0034559">A critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis, and the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EFA4E0F3CEEC8E59F25BBA76404305DC">Kramer, Bernd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1CD58410B67F218835E55FFC7DC68F45">Bills, Roger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="332FBE5ED5F1580B40824FE4938C1573">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7F0113D04AC230D0A9B8B499CD696A10">Skelton, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="7E21D4DAD1C55D7A4F40AB233BED570F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DE1B16D9D33B78397A0DB5419AAFAA0D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="429DD6D86CC37014EC88414E716835B3">Wink, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D8A596FD02E491E97B4A8F1ABC55F918">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6045CFEC9FA7556D470995C3C53BA0C8">
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<mods:date id="742CD286E4F6578CB18C8A118D476D92">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="70EE2EBE053065ED4618CA9A49149409">2012-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4BC94AA3F32FF0EC2682302EE286A5FF">46</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6168FFCABEBA88130220E0B0B7D2D1A4">35 - 36</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="3118B9C5585D07A334F505F06FFE11FB">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.708452</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="3615722FC790A32CE5005AEAE1585057" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2012.708452</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="48099E791E07373A12650C2EE752CFA6" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA6FFD6A32CFDA6641130E9" box="[341,1042,636,661]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA6FFD6A32CFDA6641130E9" blockId="70.[341,1042,636,692]" box="[341,1042,636,661]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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<heading id="D0DE81CEFFA6FFD6A32CFDA6641130E9" box="[341,1042,636,661]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA6FFD6A32CFDA6632A30E9" ID-CoL="6V6R5" authority="Boulenger, 1909" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1909" box="[341,809,636,661]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stuhlmanni">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A32CFDA6626E30E8" bold="true" box="[341,621,636,661]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Petrocephalus stuhlmanni</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA6FFD6A00CFDA6632A30E9" author="Boulenger GA" box="[629,809,636,660]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" refId="ref44043" refString="Boulenger GA. 1909. Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History), Vol. 1, xi- 373. London: British Museum (NH)." type="book" year="1909">Boulenger, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(resurrected species)
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA6FFD6A020FD46630D30C9" box="[601,782,668,692]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA6FFD6A020FD46630D30C9" blockId="70.[341,1042,636,692]" box="[601,782,668,692]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13122A27FFA6FFD6A019FD4662C030C9" box="[608,707,668,692]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[143,210,1254,1276]" captionText="Figure 2(A–D). Photographs of members of southern and eastern African Petrocephalus species studied (numbers refer to localities given in Figures 1, 6 and 9). (1) P. catostoma (Günther, 1866), Lectotype, BMNH 1863.10.12.4, right side, SL 4.7 cm. (2) P. stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, holotype, BMNH 1907.12.3.1, SL 7.9 cm. (3) P. wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, right side, SL 9.7 cm, SAIAB 85922 (R1). (7) P. longicapitis sp. nov., SMF 28265 (R1), SL 9 cm. (9) P. okavangensis sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 030046, right side, SL 6.1 cm. (10) P. catostoma tanensis Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959, holotype, BMNH 1963.11.29.1, right side, SL 6.7 cm. (10a) P. tanensis, field no. Ta05na, SL 8.7 cm, SAIAB 85907. (12) P. longianalis sp. nov., holotype, SL 8.2 cm, right side, SAIAB 76758. (21) P. petersi sp. nov., holotype, SAIAB 060846, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (23) P. magnoculis sp. nov., SL 8.9 cm, ZSM 38659. (24) P. haullevillii Boulenger, 1912, BMNH 1912.4.1.186–188 (R1), right side, SL 5.7 cm. (25) P. steindachneri Fowler 1958, syntype, NMW 55118:3, right side, SL 6.4 cm. (26) P. stuhlmanni congicus David and Poll, 1937, syntype, MRAC 30807-30808, SL 7.8 cm. (27) P. degeni Boulenger, 1906, BMNH 1906.5.30.84, right side, SL 8.12 cm. (28) P. catostoma, SAIAB 73894 (R1), right side, SL 6.4 cm. (31) P. magnitrunci sp. nov., SL 8.5 cm, SAIAB 67069 (R5, right side), see map Figure 6. Scale bar, 1 cm." pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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, no. 2)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA6FFD6A2AAFD066345316E" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA6FFD6A2AAFD066345316E" blockId="70.[211,1171,732,788]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB39118CFFA6FFD6A2AAFD066345316E" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8810B3FFA6FFD6A2AAFD0662DA3089" author="Boulenger GA" box="[211,729,732,756]" page="56" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA6FFD6A2AAFD0662DA3089" ID-CoL="6V6R5" authority="Boulenger, 1909: 56" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="1909" box="[211,729,732,756]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stuhlmanni">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A2AAFD0661EF3089" box="[211,492,732,756]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Petrocephalus stuhlmanni</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA6FFD6A38FFD0662DA3089" author="Boulenger GA" box="[502,729,732,756]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" refId="ref44043" refString="Boulenger GA. 1909. Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History), Vol. 1, xi- 373. London: British Museum (NH)." type="book" year="1909">Boulenger, 1909: 56</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8810B3FFA6FFD6A09CFD0664903089" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" box="[741,1171,732,756]" page="286" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" year="1959">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA6FFD6A09CFD0664903089" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" box="[741,1171,732,756]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" pagination="283 - 295" refId="ref46804" refString="Whitehead PJ, Greenwood PH. 1959. Mormyrid fishes of the genus Petrocephalus in Eastern Africa, with a redescription of Petrocephalus gliroides (Vinc.). Rev Zool Bot Afr. 60: 283 - 295." type="journal article" year="1959">Whitehead and Greenwood 1959: 286</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA6FFD6A3D4FD2663353169" ID-CoL="4FDWY" authority="catostoma" authorityName="catostoma (Gunther" authorityYear="1866" box="[429,822,764,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="catostoma" subSpecies="catostoma">
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<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A3D4FD2663353169" box="[429,822,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Petrocephalus catostoma catostoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3336529FFA6FFD6A2AAFC99641B37B7" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA6FFD6A2AAFC9963B83127" blockId="70.[211,955,834,858]" box="[211,955,834,858]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A2AAFC9961863127" box="[211,389,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Type specimens.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFA6FFD6A3F5FC9863B83127" box="[396,955,834,858]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" specimenCode="BMNH 1907.12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54928800FFA6FFD6A3F5FC9861F43127" box="[396,503,834,858]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
(unique):
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<specimenCode id="DB8F9ED9FFA6FFD6A013FC9863263127" box="[618,805,834,858]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">BMNH 1907.12</specimenCode>
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.3.1 (studied).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA6FFD6A2AAFC53628831DD" blockId="70.[211,651,904,928]" box="[211,651,904,928]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B413CFFFFA6FFD6A2AAFC53628431DD" box="[211,647,904,928]" country="Tanzania" location="Kingani River" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A2AAFC53616431DD" box="[211,359,904,928]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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||
<typeStatus id="54928800FFA6FFD6A2AAFC53610A31DD" box="[211,265,905,928]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<location id="8EF66079FFA6FFD6A316FC52621231DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087B4FFA6FFD6A32CFDA6641B37B7:8EF66079FFA6FFD6A316FC52621231DD" box="[367,529,904,928]" country="Tanzania" name="Kingani River" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Kingani River</location>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="F33E7632FFA6FFD6A062FC52628431DD" box="[539,647,904,928]" name="Tanzania" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA6FFD6A2AAFC1561DA3758" blockId="70.[211,1172,974,1317]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A2AAFC156144319B" box="[211,327,975,998]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Dorsal fin length, LD 0.152 of SL; length of snout to posterior orbital rim of eye, LSo 0.382 of HL; number of scales around caudal peduncle, SPc 12; distance between the pair of nares of one side, Na 25.8 times in HL, head length; depth of caudal peduncle,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA6FFD6A3BBFBF461F8363B" box="[450,507,1070,1094]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">CPD</collectionCode>
|
||
0.389 of
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||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA6FFD6A009FBF462AB363B" box="[624,680,1070,1094]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">CPL</collectionCode>
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||
, caudal peduncle length; body depth,
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<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA6FFD6A615FBF464973638" box="[1132,1172,1070,1093]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">BD</collectionCode>
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||
0.301 of SL; predorsal length,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA6FFD6A04EFB94626C3618" box="[567,623,1102,1125]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">PDL</collectionCode>
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||
0.643 of SL; preanal length,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED38AE67FFA6FFD6A1BEFB9763F83618" box="[967,1019,1101,1125]" country="Italy" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15292" name="Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" type="Herbarium">PAL</collectionCode>
|
||
0.596 of SL; anal fin length, LA 0.239 of SL; distance dorsal fin origin to end of caudal peduncle, pD 0.398 of SL; length of snout to centre of eye, LSc 0.288 of HL; head length, HL 0.276 of SL; dorsal fin ray number, nD, range
|
||
<subScript id="17AD34E7FFA6FFD6A0A5FB6D62E636B5" attach="left" box="[732,741,1207,1224]" fontSize="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">1</subScript>
|
||
20–22, range
|
||
<subScript id="17AD34E7FFA6FFD6A106FB6D638B36B5" attach="left" box="[895,904,1207,1224]" fontSize="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">2</subScript>
|
||
19–21 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A19FFB7463F036B8" box="[998,1011,1198,1221]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">n</emphasis>
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||
= 9); anal fin ray number, nA, range
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||
<subScript id="17AD34E7FFA6FFD6A3B4FB0C61D5369A" attach="left" box="[461,470,1238,1255]" fontSize="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">1</subScript>
|
||
25–29, range
|
||
<subScript id="17AD34E7FFA6FFD6A012FB0C6277369A" attach="left" box="[619,628,1238,1255]" fontSize="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">2</subScript>
|
||
25–29 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A0B4FB1462D93698" box="[717,730,1230,1253]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 9); number of lateral line scales, SLS, range
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||
<subScript id="17AD34E7FFA6FFD6A36BFB2C6118377A" attach="left" box="[274,283,1270,1287]" fontSize="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">1</subScript>
|
||
35–38 (range
|
||
<subScript id="17AD34E7FFA6FFD6A3CBFB2C61B8377A" attach="left" box="[434,443,1270,1287]" fontSize="7" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">1</subScript>
|
||
:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA6FFD6A3B0FB3762CA3778" author="Boulenger GA" box="[457,713,1261,1285]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" refId="ref44043" refString="Boulenger GA. 1909. Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History), Vol. 1, xi- 373. London: British Museum (NH)." type="book" year="1909">Boulenger 1909: 56–57</bibRefCitation>
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||
, with
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||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A173FB3463143778" box="[778,791,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">n</emphasis>
|
||
unknown; range
|
||
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|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA6FFD6A190FB3761CD3758" author="Whitehead PJ & Greenwood PH" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" pagination="283 - 295" refId="ref46804" refString="Whitehead PJ, Greenwood PH. 1959. Mormyrid fishes of the genus Petrocephalus in Eastern Africa, with a redescription of Petrocephalus gliroides (Vinc.). Rev Zool Bot Afr. 60: 283 - 295." type="journal article" year="1959">Whitehead and Greenwood 1959: 294</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9636A2FFA6FFD6A2AAFA89641B37B7" blockId="70.[211,1171,1363,1482]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A2AAFA8962663716" box="[211,613,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">
|
||
Remarks.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA6FFD6A33DFA8961E33716" authorityName="Kramer and Van der Bank" authorityYear="2000" box="[324,480,1363,1387]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Petrocephalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA6FFD6A394FA8962663716" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1909" box="[493,613,1363,1387]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stuhlmanni">stuhlmanni</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C294D21FFA6FFD6A1ACFA89646D3716" authorityName="Kramer and Van der Bank" authorityYear="2000" box="[981,1134,1363,1387]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mormyridae" genus="Petrocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A1ACFA89646D3716" box="[981,1134,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">Petrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the combination of a very short dorsal fin (LD
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A08CFAA9630237F6" box="[757,769,1395,1419]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">/</emphasis>
|
||
SL) that originates well behind the anal fin, a very low snout length (LSo
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A007FA49628937D6" box="[638,650,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">/</emphasis>
|
||
HL) and a great head length (HL
|
||
<emphasis id="B95DEAB0FFA6FFD6A67DFA49641337D6" box="[1028,1040,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247">/</emphasis>
|
||
SL). “Head slightly longer than deep; with convex upper profile” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B53FFA6FFD6A156FA68640F37B7" author="Boulenger GA" box="[815,1036,1458,1482]" pageId="70" pageNumber="2247" refId="ref44043" refString="Boulenger GA. 1909. Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History), Vol. 1, xi- 373. London: British Museum (NH)." type="book" year="1909">Boulenger 1909: 56</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |