treatments-xml/data/03/F7/77/03F777527A51B14EDBF7FEAFA94D5977.xml
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<document id="86214A96431FACCB1C9D8414368A0356" ID-CLB-Dataset="8923" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4820.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ce83a1e1-c5fb-4b14-87a3-658d8f417ba8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4397377" ID-ZooBank="033AB19B-0887-42F3-B284-E3D40148FE7B" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609206649360" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boonzaaier-Davids, Melissa K., Florence, Wayne K. &amp; Gibbons, Mark J." docDate="2020" docId="03F777527A51B14EDBF7FEAFA94D5977" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4820.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4820 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phidolopora chakra Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons 2020, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="124" masterDocId="FFCE0F2A7A43B15DDB60FFC0A82F5812" masterDocTitle="Novel taxa of Cheilostomata Bryozoa discovered in the historical backlogs of the Iziko South African Museum" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="123" updateTime="1701996887291" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="EF0967441FAECDC839687CF96E8E342A">Novel taxa of Cheilostomata Bryozoa discovered in the historical backlogs of the Iziko South African Museum</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1A072D710FAAE4E56262211B6F823D54">Boonzaaier-Davids, Melissa K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="19F48EDDA9718AAB1BEDCA5FE11953A0">Research and Exhibitions Department, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa. &amp; Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="89147C37F68ACB87613D7A9BAF29E173">Florence, Wayne K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B6E299D1F5233D37BB850236CDFEEB13" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0224-2874</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="21FF34B775EDF515FD9D773DE05B9B43">Research and Exhibitions Department, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa. &amp; wflorence @ iziko. org. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0224 - 2874</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="23EB98AC2F93A0FFAF30FB29FEE29C8A" type="email">wflorence@iziko.org.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="940BBDE33B0162709F133BA7C6766009">Gibbons, Mark J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E7DA60EF3DE0A5C430C74D86C509D289" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8320-8151</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="52A2B45DBB6971761FB19453A8BA0C91">Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, 7535, South Africa. &amp; mgibbons @ uwc. ac. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8320 - 8151</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A9FDA82FB069990698CC9838116AB2FA" type="email">mgibbons@uwc.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="AEC367AE2209F83BC421CC932C1A307A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2342893D27D0C96612100420DE042550">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9A65B9A506A4590B3A60D9D12F1F4196">4820</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F777527A51B14EDBF7FEAFA94D5977" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4437404" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176580384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4437404" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F777527A51B14EDBF7FEAFA94D5977" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F777527A51B14EDBF7FEAFA94D5977" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<subSubSection id="C34495CF7A51B14FDBF7FEAFA9FC599B" box="[151,467,367,394]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBF7FEAFA9FC599B" blockId="18.[151,827,367,466]" box="[151,467,367,394]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<heading id="D0A971287A51B14FDBF7FEAFA9FC599B" bold="true" box="[151,467,367,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBF7FEAFA9FC599B" bold="true" box="[151,467,367,394]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FDBF7FEAFA9A65998" authority="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons, 2020" authorityName="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,393,367,394]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="chakra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBF7FEAFA9A65998" bold="true" box="[151,393,367,394]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Phidolopora chakra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219A72D7A51B14FDAF1FEAFA9FC599B" box="[401,467,367,393]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34495CF7A51B14FDBF7FE53AB1459C0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBF7FE53A95459BF" blockId="18.[151,827,367,466]" box="[151,379,403,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
(
<figureCitation id="1365DAC17A51B14FDBC0FE53A8CE59BF" box="[160,225,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[152,255,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,381,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-97@19.[151,1436,381,1775]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. AF. Phidolopora chakra n. sp. (SAMC-A029097) A. Partial view of a colony fragment showing ovicelled zooids and fenestrulae (scale bar = 0.4 mm, magnified x50). B. Abfrontal view of a colony fragment showing conspicuous vibices and two types of adventitious avicularia (scale bar = 0.2 mm, magnified x75). C. Close-up of an ovicell and avicularia (scale bar = 0.1 mm, magnified x200). D. Close-up of the orifice with beaded anter and shallow sinus (scale bar = 0.05 mm, magnified x500). E. Developing ooecium (scale bar = 0.1 mm, magnified x200). F. Close-up of ovicells with median convexity and secondary calcification (scale bar = 0.1 mm, magnified x200)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4397398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4397398/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
AF,
<tableCitation id="C6DCF3FF7A51B14FDA7FFE53A95D59BF" box="[287,370,403,429]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="18.[152,245,1449,1473]" captionText="TABLE 8. Measurements (in mm) of the holotype of Phidolopora chakra n. sp. Measurements of adventitious avicularia" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Table 8</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBF7FE77AB1459C0" blockId="18.[151,827,367,466]" box="[151,827,439,466]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
zoobank.org/
<uuid id="FFF8FC917A51B14FDA4BFE77AB1459C0" box="[299,827,439,466]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">C5FC26AE-A79F-4482-9E9B-197BF007998F</uuid>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34495CF7A51B14FDBF7FE3FA92A5A97" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBF7FE3FA92A5A97" blockId="18.[151,1437,511,1402]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBF7FE3FA9AC5A0B" bold="true" box="[151,387,511,537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B36CC197A51B14FDAECFE3FAC835A2C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3015250305" collectingDate="1959-03-24" collectionCode="SAMC-A" county="Kommetjie" elevation="75" latitude="-34.156666" location="Peninsula" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="18.275" municipality="West" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" specimenCode="SAMC-A029097" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDAECFE3FA9D35A0B" box="[396,508,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<typeStatus id="54E578E67A51B14FDAECFE3FA9D95A0B" box="[396,502,511,537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBF86E3F7A51B14FD966FE3FAAE85A0B" box="[518,711,511,537]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">SAMC-A029097</specimenCode>
(in ethanol), station WCD 11 (
<geoCoordinate id="EE6AA0837A51B14FDF51FE3FACB95A0B" box="[1073,1174,511,537]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="9.4" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" precision="92" value="-34.156666">34°9.4S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6AA0837A51B14FDFC5FE3FAD355A08" box="[1189,1306,511,538]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="16.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" precision="92" value="18.275">18°16.5E</geoCoordinate>
), off
<collectingCounty id="6280BEC87A51B14FDE3BFDC0A8CF5A2F" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Kommetjie</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B855C3E7A51B14FDB8AFDE4A90E5A2C" box="[234,289,548,574]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">West</collectingMunicipality>
of
<collectingRegion id="499A08A67A51B14FDA27FDE3A9AE5A2F" box="[327,385,547,573]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="8E81909F7A51B14FDAE7FDE3A9D85A2F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F777527A51B14EDBF7FEAFA94D5977:8E81909F7A51B14FDAE7FDE3A9D85A2F" box="[391,503,547,573]" county="Kommetjie" latitude="-34.156666" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="18.275" municipality="West" name="Peninsula" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" stateProvince="Western Cape">Peninsula</location>
, UCT
<location id="8E81909F7A51B14FD920FDE3AB215A2F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F777527A51B14EDBF7FEAFA94D5977:8E81909F7A51B14FD920FDE3AB215A2F" box="[576,782,547,573]" county="Kommetjie" latitude="-34.156666" longLatPrecision="119" longitude="18.275" municipality="West" name="Ecological Survey" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" stateProvince="Western Cape">Ecological Survey</location>
, dredge, depth
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FD8D8FDE3ABDC5A2C" box="[952,1011,547,574]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="m" value="75.0">
<elevation id="007321777A51B14FD8D8FDE3ABDC5A2C" box="[952,1011,547,574]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE0E0847A51B14FD89FFDE3AC835A2C" box="[1023,1196,547,574]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" value="1959-03-24">
<collectingDate id="EFA4196C7A51B14FD89FFDE3AC835A2C" box="[1023,1196,547,574]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" value="1959-03-24">24 March 1959</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDFD7FDE3ADB35A2F" box="[1207,1436,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Additional material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B36CC197A51B14FDBF7FD87AA4F5A70" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3015250342" box="[151,608,583,610]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" specimenCode="SAMC-A073471" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCode id="DBF86E3F7A51B14FDBF7FD87A9775A73" box="[151,344,583,609]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">SAMC-A073471</specimenCode>
(in ethanol), FAL 504
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B36CC197A51B14FD90FFD87AC185A73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3015250352" box="[623,1079,583,610]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" specimenCode="SAMC-A073516" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCode id="DBF86E3F7A51B14FD90FFD87AB005A70" box="[623,815,583,610]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">SAMC-A073516</specimenCode>
(in ethanol), FAL 602
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B36CC197A51B14FDF26FD87A92E5A97" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3015250359" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" specimenCode="SAMC-A028898" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<specimenCode id="DBF86E3F7A51B14FDF26FD87AD285A73" box="[1094,1287,583,609]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">SAMC-A028898</specimenCode>
(in ethanol), TRA 119
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34495CF7A51B14FDBA7FD4FAB635ADF" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBA7FD4FAB635ADF" blockId="18.[151,1437,511,1402]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBA7FD4FA9615ABB" bold="true" box="[199,334,655,681]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Sanskrit word
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FD91CFD4FAAE55ABB" authorityName="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons" authorityYear="2020" box="[636,714,655,681]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="chakra">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FD91CFD4FAAE55ABB" box="[636,714,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">chakra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meaning wheel or disk, referring to the ooecium pseudopore reminiscent of the crown chakra symbol of the yoga tradition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34495CF7A51B14FDBA7FD17A9AF5BB7" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBA7FD17A9AF5BB7" blockId="18.[151,1437,511,1402]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBA7FD17A96D5AE3" bold="true" box="[199,322,727,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Colony erect, fenestrate. Autozooids outlined by conspicuous vibices. Primary orifice with beaded anter, shallow sinus and rectangular condyles; peristome with a median groove forming a deeper pseudosinus. Oral spines absent. Adventitious avicularia of two
<typeStatus id="54E578E67A51B14FD9FBFCE0AAF55B28" box="[667,730,800,826]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">types</typeStatus>
: suboral, small and oval; frontal, larger and triangular. Ovicell recumbent, becoming immersed later in ontogeny; ooecium with a proximal median projection bearing a pseudopore centrally.Abfrontal surface granular with marginal areolae, conspicuous vibices, and avicularia similar to those on the frontal shield.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34495CF7A51B14FDBA7FC6FAA895DF7" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBA7FC6FACEB5D6B" blockId="18.[151,1437,511,1402]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBA7FC6FA9765BDB" bold="true" box="[199,345,943,969]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Description.</emphasis>
Colony erect, fenestrate. Branches (trabeculae)
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FD8E9FC6FAC1F5BD8" box="[905,1072,943,970]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.58" valueMax="0.62" valueMin="0.54">0.540.62 mm</quantity>
in diameter, fusing at irregular intervals, with elongate spaces (fenestrulae) between them; fenestrulae small, oval, about
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FDFFCFC13AD2D5BFC" box="[1180,1282,979,1006]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.91">0.91 mm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FDE0BFC13A8EC5C00" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
wide (N
<subScript id="17DAC4017A51B14FDA4AFBCAA91B5C0A" attach="left" box="[298,308,1034,1048]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">T</subScript>
= 3). Zooids frontal shield smooth, separated by conspicuous raised lines (vibices), 14 marginal areolar pores proximally and/or laterally. Primary orifice with beaded anter, transversely oval with a shallow sinus and rectangular condyles; secondary orifice with deeper pseudosinus formed by the peristome bearing a median groove. Oral spines absent. Adventitious avicularia of two
<typeStatus id="54E578E67A51B14FD84FFBA4AB415C6C" box="[815,878,1124,1150]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">types</typeStatus>
: most commonly a small oval to rounded suboral avicularium with complete crossbar, about
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FD918FB47AAF45CB0" box="[632,731,1159,1186]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FD85DFB47AB8F5CB0" box="[829,928,1159,1186]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
wide (N
<subScript id="17DAC4017A51B14FDF61FB5AAC245CBA" attach="left" box="[1025,1035,1178,1192]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">T</subScript>
= 6); less often a large avicularium, placed frontally on a raised cystid, occupying most of the zooidal frontal shield, with triangular, prominently hooked rostrum, about
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FDA24FB0FA9865CF8" box="[324,425,1231,1258]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.15">0.15 mm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A51B14FD96FFB0FAA5B5CF8" box="[527,628,1231,1258]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
wide (N
<subScript id="17DAC4017A51B14FD9B7FB22AACE5CE2" attach="left" box="[727,737,1250,1264]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">T</subScript>
= 2), and complete crossbar. Ovicell recumbent, widely open proximally, becoming immersed in secondary calcification during ontogeny; ooecium longer than wide, smooth, with a median projection proximally and a drop-shaped pseudopore centrally. Abfrontal surface granular with up to five marginal areolae and conspicuous vibices; one or two avicularia, same morphology as the frontal avicularia, though small oval avicularia are more common, almost exclusively situated adjacent to vibices.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2196CC7A51B14FDBF8FA69ADB35DD3" box="[152,1436,1449,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBF8FA69ADB35DD3" blockId="18.[151,1436,1449,1509]" box="[152,1436,1449,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBF8FA69A9215DD3" bold="true" box="[152,270,1449,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">TABLE 8.</emphasis>
Measurements (in mm) of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FD9B1FA69AB875DD3" authority="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons, 2020" authorityName="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons" authorityYear="2020" box="[721,936,1449,1473]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="chakra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FD9B1FA69AB875DD3" box="[721,936,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Phidolopora chakra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FD8CDFA69ABC75DD3" bold="true" box="[941,1000,1449,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219A72D7A51B14FD8CDFA69ABC75DD3" box="[941,1000,1449,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Measurements of adventitious avicularia
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBF7FA0DAA895DF7" blockId="18.[151,1436,1449,1509]" box="[151,678,1485,1509]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">(Ladav, ladav) refer to the frontal oval avicularia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBC6FA35ACE05EED" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<table id="F95E34E47A514EA2DBC6FA35ACE05EED" box="[166,1231,1525,1791]" colsContinueFrom="17.[166,1233,1765,2031]" colsContinueIn="20.[166,1230,189,516]" gridcols="4" gridrows="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<tr id="356EC4067A514EA2DBC6FA35ACE05E01" box="[166,1231,1525,1555]" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DBC6FA35A93D5E01" box="[166,274,1525,1555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Characters</th>
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DA87FA35AA2D5E01" box="[487,514,1525,1555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">N T</th>
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2D848FA35ABB35E01" box="[808,924,1525,1555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Mean ± SD</th>
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DF09FA35ACE05E01" box="[1129,1231,1525,1555]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Range</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356EC4067A514EA2DBC6F9DDACE05E27" box="[166,1231,1565,1589]" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DBC6F9DDA93D5E27" box="[166,274,1565,1589]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Lo</th>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DA87F9DDAA2D5E27" box="[487,514,1565,1589]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">3</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2D848F9DDABB35E27" box="[808,924,1565,1589]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.08 ± 0.01</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DF09F9DDACE05E27" box="[1129,1231,1565,1589]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.070.09</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356EC4067A514EA2DBC6F986ACE05E4C" box="[166,1231,1606,1630]" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DBC6F986A93D5E4C" box="[166,274,1606,1630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">lo</th>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DA87F986AA2D5E4C" box="[487,514,1606,1630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">3</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2D848F986ABB35E4C" box="[808,924,1606,1630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.07 ± 0.00</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DF09F986ACE05E4C" box="[1129,1231,1606,1630]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.070.07</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356EC4067A514EA2DBC6F9AEACE05E94" box="[166,1231,1646,1670]" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DBC6F9AEA93D5E94" box="[166,274,1646,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Lov</th>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DA87F9AEAA2D5E94" box="[487,514,1646,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">9</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2D848F9AEABB35E94" box="[808,924,1646,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.16 ± 0.01</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DF09F9AEACE05E94" box="[1129,1231,1646,1670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.140.18</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356EC4067A514EA2DBC6F956ACE05EBC" box="[166,1231,1686,1710]" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DBC6F956A93D5EBC" box="[166,274,1686,1710]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">lov</th>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DA87F956AA2D5EBC" box="[487,514,1686,1710]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">7</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2D848F956ABB35EBC" box="[808,924,1686,1710]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.13 ± 0.02</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DF09F956ACE05EBC" box="[1129,1231,1686,1710]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.090.14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356EC4067A514EA2DBC6F97EACE05EC4" box="[166,1231,1726,1750]" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DBC6F97EA93D5EC4" box="[166,274,1726,1750]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Ladav</th>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DA87F97EAA2D5EC4" box="[487,514,1726,1750]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">6</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2D848F97EABB35EC4" box="[808,924,1726,1750]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.05 ± 0.01</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DF09F97EACE05EC4" box="[1129,1231,1726,1750]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.040.06</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356EC4067A514EA2DBC6F926ACE05EED" box="[166,1231,1766,1791]" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<th id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DBC6F926A93D5EED" box="[166,274,1766,1791]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">ladav</th>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DA87F926AA2D5EED" box="[487,514,1766,1791]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">6</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2D848F926ABB35EED" box="[808,924,1766,1791]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.03 ± 0.00</td>
<td id="76BFAD7A7A514EA2DF09F926ACE05EED" box="[1129,1231,1766,1791]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">0.030.04</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C34495CF7A51B14EDBA7F8EEA94D5977" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14FDBA7F8EEAA315FA6" blockId="18.[151,1437,1838,2009]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBA7F8EEA9145F5A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1838,1864]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FDA25F8EEA9FC5F5A" authorityName="Gabb &amp; Horn" authorityYear="1862" box="[325,467,1838,1864]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDA25F8EEA9FC5F5A" box="[325,467,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Phidolopora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a relatively low-diverse genus, comprising on date 12 species (www.
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FDE70F8EEAD5F5F5A" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1831" box="[1296,1392,1838,1864]" class="Bryozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="133" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="class">bryozoa</taxonomicName>
.net, accessed
<date id="FFE0E0847A51B14FDA61F892A9B15F7E" box="[257,414,1874,1901]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" value="2020-06-06">06 June 2020</date>
). This new species is confidently placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FD8ECF892AC355F7E" authorityName="Gabb &amp; Horn" authorityYear="1862" box="[908,1050,1874,1900]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FD8ECF892AC355F7E" box="[908,1050,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Phidolopora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on its branching, fenestrate colony, sinuate orifice and the distinct ooecia with median convexity (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB57A51B14FD8C6F8B6AC6F5F82" author="Gordon, D. P." box="[934,1088,1910,1936]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref15533" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1989) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata (Cheilostomida Ascophorina) from the western South Island continental shelf and slope. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 97, 1 - 158." type="journal article" year="1989">Gordon 1989</bibRefCitation>
). This is the first known record of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FDBD6F85AA96B5FA6" authorityName="Gabb &amp; Horn" authorityYear="1862" box="[182,324,1946,1972]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBD6F85AA96B5FA6" box="[182,324,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Phidolopora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F34986D47A51B14FDAE7F85AAA365FA6" box="[391,537,1946,1972]" name="South Africa" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A51B14EDBA7F87EA9D258EB" blockId="18.[151,1437,1838,2009]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FDBA7F87EA9835FCA" authority="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons, 2020" authorityName="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons" authorityYear="2020" box="[199,428,1982,2008]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="chakra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDBA7F87EA9835FCA" box="[199,428,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Phidolopora chakra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FDAD4F87EA9DA5FCA" bold="true" box="[436,501,1982,2008]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219A72D7A51B14FDAD4F87EA9DA5FCA" box="[436,501,1982,2008]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A51B14FD917F87FABC45FCA" authority="MacGillivray, 1883" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1883" box="[631,1003,1982,2008]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="avicularis">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A51B14FD917F87FAB2A5FCA" box="[631,773,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">P. avicularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB57A51B14FD86EF87EABC45FCA" author="MacGillivray, P. H." box="[782,1003,1982,2008]" pageId="18" pageNumber="123" pagination="130 - 138" refId="ref17078" refString="MacGillivray, P. H. (1883) Descriptions of new or little-known Polyzoa. Parts 2, 3 and 4. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 19, 130 - 138 + 191 - 195 + 287 - 293." type="journal article" year="1883">MacGillivray, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F34986D47A51B14FDFA6F87EAD025FCA" box="[1222,1325,1982,2008]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">Australia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F34986D47A51B14EDE07F87FA8DB58A3" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="124" name="New Zealand" pageId="18" pageNumber="123">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, but differs in the absence of oral spines and a median spiramen.Although the colony surface in
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A50B14EDE78FF57ADAF58A3" authority="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons, 2020" authorityName="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons" authorityYear="2020" box="[1304,1408,151,177]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="chakra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A50B14EDE78FF57ADAF58A3" box="[1304,1408,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">P. chakra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A50B14EDEE6FF57A89758C7" bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219A72D7A50B14EDEE6FF57A89758C7" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
exhibits distinct sutures, the original zooidal boundaries are masked by secondary calcification, which prevents accurate zooidal measurements.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6447A50B14EDBA7FEC3A94D5977" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
Colonies of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC77A50B14EDA34FEC3A990590F" authority="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons, 2020" authorityName="Boonzaaier-Davids &amp; Florence &amp; Gibbons" authorityYear="2020" box="[340,447,259,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Phidolopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="chakra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A50B14EDA34FEC3A990590F" box="[340,447,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">P. chakra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92A1A567A50B14EDAA8FEC3AA26590F" bold="true" box="[456,521,259,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219A72D7A50B14EDAA8FEC3AA26590F" box="[456,521,259,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were attached to hard rocky substrata, and provide habitats for polychaetes and brittle stars. Colonies were collected near Kommetjie west of the
<collectingRegion id="499A08A67A50B14ED811FEE7AB845953" box="[881,939,295,321]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Cape</collectingRegion>
Peninsula and False Bay on the South
<collectingRegion id="499A08A67A50B14EDE3DFEE7ADB25953" box="[1373,1437,295,321]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="19" pageNumber="124">Coast</collectingRegion>
at
<quantity id="4CA66BA17A50B14EDBD2FE8AA93A5977" box="[178,277,330,357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="124" unit="m" value="57.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="40.0">4075 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>