176 lines
20 KiB
XML
176 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="BA16812134B27DE718CAA5FDFEFCB5C0" ID-CLB-Dataset="5852" ID-DOI="10.1206/3867.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1d6299e9-5c62-4abd-be37-59efcb217cbf" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4598386" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615481346733" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Velazco, Paúl M. & Novacek, Michael J." docDate="2016" docId="0386879BFB199C65FE5B36028B8DF978" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2016.3867.1-42.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2016 (3867)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3867.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Palaeictops robustus Velazco & Novacek 2016, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFBFFFE3FB049C78FF8C346B881CFF9C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the genus Palaeictops Matthew, 1899 (Mammalia: Leptictidae), with the description of two new species from the Middle Eocene of Utah and Wyoming" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698934683797" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4A608A4AA4C4DF79EFF8CA3400485604">Systematics of the genus Palaeictops Matthew, 1899 (Mammalia: Leptictidae), with the description of two new species from the Middle Eocene of Utah and Wyoming</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6A3C2A3DAAC23B1C9637FA004602DED7">Velazco, Paúl M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="322110BB8B02ECEA1D4E90BA2226B3A8">Novacek, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="06E7F72EE9D11E5D61D9FE961108FD26">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2C935A2F18E65FC093FB8AC61E7D96B4">
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<mods:date id="E1F3BF64D9603FABD669A35699CC6646">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="129284B87CD72D7768681A22C2EBE996">2016-11-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FE7E6E43810CDAAF6B804B0ABA71956C">2016</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A3182638CFEF59969EDF3669147B14C3">3867</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0386879BFB199C65FE5B36028B8DF978" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4598065" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183232356" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4598065" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879BFB199C65FE5B36028B8DF978" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0386879BFB199C65FE5B36028B8DF978" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB199C65FE5B36028B74FD1F" box="[471,872,617,644]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FE5B36028B74FD1F" blockId="29.[471,872,617,644]" box="[471,872,617,644]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="D0D881E1FB199C65FE5B36028B74FD1F" box="[471,872,617,644]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FE5B36028AD3FD18" authority="Velazco & Novacek, 2016" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[471,719,617,644]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FE5B36028AD3FD18" bold="true" box="[471,719,617,644]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Palaeictops robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26857E4FB199C65FD5236018B74FD1F" box="[734,872,617,644]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB199C65FD9236CA8B3DFD27" box="[542,801,673,699]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FD9236CA8B3DFD27" blockId="29.[542,801,673,699]" box="[542,801,673,699]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="D0D881E1FB199C65FD9236CA8B3DFD27" box="[542,801,673,699]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="7">
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<figureCitation id="13142A08FB199C65FD9236CA8ADAFD27" box="[542,710,673,699]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStartId-0="30.[120,162,1653,1674]" captionStartId-1="31.[120,162,1225,1246]" captionStartId-2="32.[120,162,1099,1120]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1160,224,1626]" captionTargetBox-1="[120,1224,227,1199]" captionTargetBox-2="[128,1217,227,1073]" captionTargetId-0="figure-8@30.[185,1160,224,1626]" captionTargetId-1="figure-172@31.[120,1224,227,1199]" captionTargetId-2="figure-186@32.[128,1217,227,1073]" captionTargetPageId-0="30" captionTargetPageId-1="31" captionTargetPageId-2="32" captionText-0="FIG. 16. The skull of Palaeictops robustus CM 11954 (holotype), containing P1–P2, P4–M3 on the left side; the right side retains one incisor possibly corresponding to I2, as well as P4–M1. A, dorsal (top) and ventral (bottom) views and B, right lateral (top) and left lateral (bottom) views. Scale bar = 2 cm." captionText-1="FIG. 17. Left ramus of Palaeictops robustus CM 11954 (holotype), containing i1–3, c, p1, and p2, in medial (top) and lateral (bottom) views. Scale bar = 2 cm." captionText-2="FIG. 18. Right ramus of Palaeictops robustus CM 11954 (holotype) in lateral (top) and medial (bottom) views. Scale bar = 2 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4598423" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4598425" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4598427" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4598423/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4598425/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4598427/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figures 16–18</figureCitation>
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, table 1
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB199C65FF2436B28BBEFC15" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FF2436B28C5DFCA2" blockId="29.[120,1226,729,1764]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<materialsCitation id="3B473CD0FB199C65FF2436B28C5DFCA2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312945304" collectionCode="CM" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCode="CM 11954" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="5494882FFB199C65FF2436B28934FD6F" box="[168,296,729,755]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DB899EF6FB199C65FEB436B289A4FD68" box="[312,440,729,756]" collectionCode="CM" country="China" name="Chongqing Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CM 11954</specimenCode>
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, consisting of a damaged skull that retains P1–P2, P4–M3 on the left side; the right side retains one incisor possibly corresponding to I2, as well as P4–M1 (fig. 16A–B). Left ramus with i1–3, c, p1, p2, and edentulous right ramus (figs. 17, 18).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FF2437218BBEFC15" blockId="29.[120,1226,729,1764]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<materialsCitation id="3B473CD0FB199C65FF2437218B82FC15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312945310" collectorName="Uinta B" location="Ouray" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Utah">
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TYPE HORIZON AND LOCALITY: Leland Bench Wash,
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<quantity id="4CD79B68FB199C65FCAE37228B7CFCFF" box="[802,864,841,867]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi.</quantity>
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west of
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<location id="8EF06056FB199C65FC4437228C0FFCFF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879BFB199C65FE5B36028B8DF978:8EF06056FB199C65FC4437228C0FFCFF" box="[968,1043,841,867]" name="Ouray" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Utah">Ouray</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49EBF86FFB199C65FBAC37228C41FCFF" box="[1056,1117,841,867]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Utah</collectingRegion>
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; Wagonhound Member,
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<collectorName id="26DA535BFB199C65FEB237048985FC15" box="[318,409,879,905]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Uinta B</collectorName>
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horizon, Middle Eocene (Uintan NALMA)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB199C65FF2437FF88FAFC4F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FF2437FF88FAFC4F" blockId="29.[120,1226,729,1764]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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ETYMOLOGY: From Latin
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FE5137FF8A20FC32" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[477,572,916,942]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FE5137FF8A20FC32" box="[477,572,916,942]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, “hard” or “strong.” Refers to the notably large size of the skull.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB199C65FF2437B48A14FBF5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FF2437B48A14FBF5" blockId="29.[120,1226,729,1764]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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DIAGNOSIS: Teeth (badly worn) less transverse than in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FC9837B48BBEFC65" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[788,930,991,1017]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FC9837B48BBEFC65" box="[788,930,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FC4B37B48C6AFC65" authorityName="Gidley" authorityYear="1915" box="[967,1142,991,1017]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Myrmecoboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FC4B37B48C6AFC65" box="[967,1142,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Myrmecoboides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Single sagittal crest unlike
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FEEF306E89DDFB82" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[355,449,1029,1054]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Leptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FEEF306E89DDFB82" box="[355,449,1029,1054]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Leptictis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but like
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FDA0306F8B38FB82" box="[556,804,1028,1054]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FDA0306F8B38FB82" box="[556,804,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Palaeictops altimontis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FCED306E8BCAFB82" box="[865,982,1028,1054]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FCED306E8BCAFB82" box="[865,982,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. bicuspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(figs. 2A, 13A, 16A;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB199C65FFF430428939FBDF" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[120,293,1065,1091]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 111" refId="ref15252" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1986. The skull of leptictid insectivorans and the higher-level calssification of eutherian mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 183 (1): 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1986">Novacek, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 2). Significantly larger than all other North American leptictid species (see table 1; cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB199C65FF79302489BCFBF5" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[245,416,1103,1129]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref15221" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1977. A review of Paleocene and Eocene Leptictidae (Eutheria, Mammalia) from North America. PaleoBios 24: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1977">Novacek, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: table 2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB199C65FF24301F8CD4F9D2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FF24301F8B15FAF2" blockId="29.[120,1226,729,1764]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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DESCRIPTION AND COMPARISONS: The skull of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FD40301F8BA8FB12" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[716,948,1140,1166]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FD40301F8BA8FB12" box="[716,948,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Palaeictops robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, despite its poor condition, reveals several features of taxonomic interest. It possesses traits that are shared with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FFF430D4896FFB45" box="[120,371,1215,1241]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FFF430D4896FFB45" box="[120,371,1215,1241]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Palaeictops altimontis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but differ in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FD9F30D48A6EFB44" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[531,626,1215,1240]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Leptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FD9F30D48A6EFB44" box="[531,626,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Leptictis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. There is only a single sagittal crest (fig. 16A). The postglenoid process (though damaged) is weak and confined to the lateral glenoid region. The postglenoid foramen is posterior (rather than posteromedial) to the postglenoid process (fig. 16A). The promontorium is broad and rounded, with a very weak median petrosal crest. There is a broadly expanded dorsal lip of the cochlear fossula.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FF2431128CD4F9D2" blockId="29.[120,1226,729,1764]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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The right side of the skull shows the base of a large canine. Anterior to this tooth, there is a damaged alveolus and, more anteriorly, the base of an incisor. Beyond the incisor, the premaxilla protrudes to form the floor to the external nares. There is no clear evidence of additional incisor alveoli, so it is likely that the tooth in question is I2, and as in other leptictids, there were only two upper incisors. The dorsal rim of the coronoid process of the mandible is rounded, rather than the hooklike dorsal coronoid process of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FD0D325E8AC3F9D2" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[641,735,1589,1614]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Leptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FD0D325E8AC3F9D2" box="[641,735,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Leptictis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FC9B325F8C31F9D2" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[791,1069,1588,1614]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FC9B325F8C31F9D2" box="[791,1069,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Prodiacodon tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(figs. 17, 18).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3356506FB199C65FF2432328B8DF978" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB199C65FF2432328B8DF978" blockId="29.[120,1226,729,1764]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
REMARKS: The teeth in this specimen are so badly worn that reference to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FBA432328CB7F9EF" authorityName="GILL" authorityYear="1872" box="[1064,1195,1625,1651]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leptictidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is open to question. However, the last upper premolar is of dimensions that suggest its molariform construction (fig. 16A–B). Otherwise,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FD0A32CF8B6CF922" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[646,880,1700,1726]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FD0A32CF8B6CF922" box="[646,880,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Palaeictops robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might just as well be a pantolestid. This species marks the youngest occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB199C65FC8732A28B96F97F" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[779,906,1737,1763]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB199C65FC8732A28B96F97F" box="[779,906,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |