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<document id="86540C3053595F21436D016B2543C6CD" ID-CLB-Dataset="46222" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.207785" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ae05f614-8db9-4cd5-adb1-6f2d4ac83651" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="207785" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460397282099" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wei, Nan, De, Willem H. &amp; Xu, Runlin" docDate="2011" docId="03E887F5FFB4075C27E805359C9AFB16" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03051p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3051" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Testudinella quadrilobata Wei, De &amp; Xu, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFD1FF8DFFB30756277F00649F2FFFCD" masterDocTitle="Two new brackish-water species of Testudinella (Rotifera: Testudinellidae) from Qiao Island in the Pearl River estuary, China, with a key to marine and brackish-water Testudinella" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698298816671" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D361C680F7B8702604DB8FBD3AD54099">Two new brackish-water species of Testudinella (Rotifera: Testudinellidae) from Qiao Island in the Pearl River estuary, China, with a key to marine and brackish-water Testudinella</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96A9CFD4608CC4D8C7D6B5BCD0C61035">Wei, Nan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1F524888D1115B092B3F617A67149889">De, Willem H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4CC9C69133C40D8DA5CCC81B54EA8AB8">Xu, Runlin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="7499FFD10A710E8365BD49A8DE14A9D8">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E887F5FFB4075C27E805359C9AFB16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6192344" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119418400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6192344" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887F5FFB4075C27E805359C9AFB16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E887F5FFB4075C27E805359C9AFB16" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFB4075127E805359E69FA41" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB4075127E805359D1FFAA6" blockId="7.[151,560,1361,1420]" box="[151,560,1361,1387]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="D0B6818FFFB4075127E805359D1FFAA6" bold="true" box="[151,560,1361,1387]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075127E805359D1FFAA6" bold="true" box="[151,560,1361,1387]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFB4075127E805359EE4FAA6" box="[151,459,1361,1387]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075127E805359EE4FAA6" bold="true" box="[151,459,1361,1387]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Testudinella quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFB4075126AC05359D1FFAA6" box="[467,560,1361,1387]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB4075127E805109E69FA41" blockId="7.[151,560,1361,1420]" box="[151,326,1396,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFB4075127E005109FC9FA41" box="[159,230,1396,1420]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1926]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. Light microscope photograph of three Testudinella species recorded from Qiao Island, China. A. Testudinella pesudobscura sp. nov. ventral view; B. Testudinella zhujiangensis ventral view; C. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. dorsal view; D. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. varying shape of anterior aperture. Scale bar: 50 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207791/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Figs 6</figureCitation>
C, 911)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFB4075127E805DF9EDEF9A9" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB4075127E805DF9EDEF9A9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1467,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075127E805DF9E3EFA19" bold="true" box="[151,273,1467,1492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFB40751266205D89D6BFA19" box="[285,580,1468,1492]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB40751266205D89D6BFA19" box="[285,580,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Testudinella quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFB40751252E05D89D9FFA19" box="[593,688,1468,1492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB40751252E05D89D9FFA19" bold="true" box="[593,688,1468,1492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is characterized by: vase-shaped lorica; dorsal anterior margin almost straight to weakly undulate with minute median indentation; ventral anterior margin strongly undulate with wide V-shaped median sinus; longitudinal ventral furrows of lorica nearly parallel; foot opening sub-terminal, shallow inverted U-shaped slit; distal foot pseudosegment moderately long; proximal fulcrum opening obvious; unci plates with 1415/1415 teeth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFB4075127BA06149AB7F849" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB4075127BA06149E1BF91D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1467,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075127BA06149E4AF945" bold="true" box="[197,357,1647,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<typeStatus id="54FA8841FFB4075127BA06149E2FF945" box="[197,256,1648,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
A mangrove swamp in QiaoDangan Provincial Mangrove Nature Reserve on Qiao
<collectingCountry id="F3567673FFB40751222806149AB4F945" box="[1367,1435,1648,1672]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Island</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE755024FFB4075127E006F09E23F961" box="[159,268,1684,1708]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" precision="925" value="22.433332">22° 26' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE755024FFB40751266806F09EA2F961" box="[279,397,1684,1708]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" precision="925" value="113.63333">113° 38' E</geoCoordinate>
), Zhuhai, Guangdong province,
<collectingCountry id="F3567673FFB40751258A06F09C13F961" box="[757,828,1684,1708]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">China</collectingCountry>
: depth about
<quantity id="4CB99B06FFB4075124AF06F09B38F961" box="[976,1047,1684,1708]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
, distance from shore about
<quantity id="4CB99B06FFB40751223706F09A5AF961" box="[1352,1397,1684,1708]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFF1023FFB4075122FF06F09E1EF91D" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" value="2009-01-17">17 January 2009</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB4075127BA06B89D97F8D5" blockId="7.[151,1437,1467,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075127BA06B89E16F939" bold="true" box="[197,313,1756,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<typeStatus id="54FA8841FFB4075127BA06B89E1BF939" box="[197,308,1756,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
A female in a permanent, glycerine glass slide mount deposited in the Biology Museum of Sun Yatsen University, Guangdong,
<collectingCountry id="F3567673FFB4075126A907649D36F8D5" box="[470,537,1792,1816]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">China</collectingCountry>
(ROT00010).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB4075127BA07409AB7F849" blockId="7.[151,1437,1467,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075127BA07409E6BF8F1" bold="true" box="[197,324,1828,1852]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<typeStatus id="54FA8841FFB4075127BA07409E10F8F1" box="[197,319,1828,1852]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D47FD6AFFB40751262D07409EE9F8F1" box="[338,454,1828,1852]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
from
<typeStatus id="54FA8841FFB40751256607419D66F8F0" box="[537,585,1829,1853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
locality. Two females in Biology Museum of Sun Yat-sen University (ROT00011, ROT00012); one female in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (
<collectionCode id="ED50AE26FFB4075123B4072C9A3BF8AD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[1227,1300,1864,1888]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">ANSP</collectionCode>
2080); one female in the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (
<collectionCode id="ED50AE26FFB40751245A07089C52F849" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" box="[805,893,1900,1924]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">RBINS</collectionCode>
), Brussels,
<collectingCountry id="F3567673FFB40751248207089B71F849" box="[1021,1118,1900,1924]" name="Belgium" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Belgium</collectingCountry>
(No. IG. 312901, RIR 205).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFB4075127BA07F49FF1F83D" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB4075127BA07F49FF1F83D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1467,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075127BA07F49E64F865" bold="true" box="[197,331,1936,1960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name of the species is composed of the prefix
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB4075124EF07F49CF4F865" box="[912,987,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">quadri</emphasis>
derived from the Latin
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB40751239707F59A68F865" box="[1256,1351,1937,1960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">quattuor</emphasis>
, meaning in four parts, and the Latin adjective
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB40751252207D09D8BF801" box="[605,676,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">lobata</emphasis>
, meaning lobed, and refers to the four-lobed anterior margins of the lorica.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFBB075E27BA00F39E15F8E1" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBB075E27BA00F39CEEFD48" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E27BA00F39EE0FF7D" bold="true" box="[197,463,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Description of female.</emphasis>
The smooth lorica (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E25C600F39C2CFF62" box="[697,771,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1926]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. Light microscope photograph of three Testudinella species recorded from Qiao Island, China. A. Testudinella pesudobscura sp. nov. ventral view; B. Testudinella zhujiangensis ventral view; C. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. dorsal view; D. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. varying shape of anterior aperture. Scale bar: 50 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207791/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 6</figureCitation>
C, D; 9A, B) is vase-shaped, truncate anteriorly. The ratio length/width is on average 1.40 (1.351.46). The dorsal anterior margin has two slightly convex (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E226A00D89A74FF19" box="[1301,1371,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A) or almost straight (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E263300BB9EA0FF3A" box="[332,399,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B) parts separated by a small median indentation. The ventral margin shows a broader, shallow V-shaped median sinus with two distinct convex lateral parts. The dorsal anterior margin is not or only slightly projecting beyond the ventral margin (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E253D01439DAAFEF2" box="[578,645,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1926]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1926]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. Light microscope photograph of three Testudinella species recorded from Qiao Island, China. A. Testudinella pesudobscura sp. nov. ventral view; B. Testudinella zhujiangensis ventral view; C. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. dorsal view; D. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. varying shape of anterior aperture. Scale bar: 50 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207791/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C, D). The posterior margin is smoothly rounded (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E23CC01439BDAFEF2" box="[1203,1269,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B) or shows an inconspicuous rounded projection (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E255A01289D46FEA9" box="[549,617,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A). Ventrally two almost parallel longitudinal furrows delimit a protruding median part. In cross-sectional view (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E2512010B9D9DFE4A" box="[621,690,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
C, D) the lorica is slightly arched dorsally; the lateral margins are broadly rounded, separated by a shallow sulcus from a weakly protruding median part ventrally; the ventral median part is almost flat (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E261301D39E80FE02" box="[364,431,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
C) or with very shallow sulci laterally from foot channel (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E234301D39BAFFE02" box="[1084,1152,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
D). The foot opening is a shallow inverted U-shaped slit widening distally, situated sub-terminally on the ventral side; an oblique fold may run laterally from the distal edges of the foot opening. The foot is composed of a long wrinkled proximal part, a short penultimate pseudosegment, and a longer distal pseudosegment ending in a ciliated cup (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E23B702409A22FDF1" box="[1224,1293,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1109,1132]" captionTargetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[395,1192,697,1088]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov. A, B. Lorica, ventral view. C, D. Lorica, cross-section view. E. Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: A D: 50 µm, E: 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
E). The ratio lorica length/position of antennae relative to dorsal anterior margin averages 2.68 (2.502.82) for the dorsal antenna and 2.51 (2.342.72) for the lateral antennae. Two red eyespots.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3E666BFFBB075E27E804319D14FB45" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[410,1180,723,1064]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBB075E27E804319D14FB45" blockId="8.[151,1436,1109,1162]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E27E804319E3DFBA6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1109,1132]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBB075E266704329D33FBA1" box="[280,540,1110,1132]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E266704329D33FBA1" box="[280,540,1110,1132]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Testudinella quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E255D04329D82FBA6" bold="true" box="[546,685,1110,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBB075E255D04329D5DFBA6" box="[546,626,1110,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, B.
</emphasis>
Lorica, ventral view.
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E24F604319CEFFBA6" bold="true" box="[905,960,1109,1132]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">C, D.</emphasis>
Lorica, cross-section view.
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E23A604329BDFFBA6" bold="true" box="[1241,1264,1110,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">E.</emphasis>
Foot pseudosegment. Scale bars: AD: 50 µm, E: 10 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBB075E27BA04D59A56F998" blockId="8.[151,1436,1201,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
Trophi malleoramate (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E26BF04D59D37FB04" box="[448,536,1201,1225]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1680,1703]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,481,1658]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[384,1203,481,1659]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photographs of trophi. A. Complete set, frontal view. B. Complete set (fulcrum lost), caudal view. al: alula, as: arched rami scleropili, dc: dorsal chamber, f: fulcrum, m: manubrium, mc: median chamber, r: ramus, ra: ramus apophysis, rf: ramus fenestra, svc: sub-ventral chamber, u: uncus, vc: ventral chamber." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Figs 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E255A04D59D6DFB04" box="[549,578,1201,1225]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="10.[151,250,977,1000]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 11. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photograph of trophi. Detail of major teeth and proximal part of fulcrum, frontal view. ba: basal apophysis, fo: fulcrum opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207796/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">11</figureCitation>
). The rami are elongate-triangular with rounded latero-ventral margins, and short blunt alulae (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E261804B19E96FB20" box="[359,441,1237,1261]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1680,1703]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,481,1658]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[384,1203,481,1659]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photographs of trophi. A. Complete set, frontal view. B. Complete set (fulcrum lost), caudal view. al: alula, as: arched rami scleropili, dc: dorsal chamber, f: fulcrum, m: manubrium, mc: median chamber, r: ramus, ra: ramus apophysis, rf: ramus fenestra, svc: sub-ventral chamber, u: uncus, vc: ventral chamber." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B: al) pointing caudally. Basal and subbasal chambers form a single large chamber, opening latero-ventrally by a large common fenestra (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E25B7049D9C33FADC" box="[712,796,1273,1297]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1680,1703]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,481,1658]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[384,1203,481,1659]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photographs of trophi. A. Complete set, frontal view. B. Complete set (fulcrum lost), caudal view. al: alula, as: arched rami scleropili, dc: dorsal chamber, f: fulcrum, m: manubrium, mc: median chamber, r: ramus, ra: ramus apophysis, rf: ramus fenestra, svc: sub-ventral chamber, u: uncus, vc: ventral chamber." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B: rf). Asymmetrical and interlocking median rami apophyses (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E278C05799E69FAF8" box="[243,326,1309,1333]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1680,1703]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,481,1658]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[384,1203,481,1659]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photographs of trophi. A. Complete set, frontal view. B. Complete set (fulcrum lost), caudal view. al: alula, as: arched rami scleropili, dc: dorsal chamber, f: fulcrum, m: manubrium, mc: median chamber, r: ramus, ra: ramus apophysis, rf: ramus fenestra, svc: sub-ventral chamber, u: uncus, vc: ventral chamber." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B: ra) are apparent in caudal view. The inner margins of the distal rami sections bear 3334/3233 arched rami scleropili (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E26E705259EC5FA94" box="[408,490,1345,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1680,1703]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,481,1658]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[384,1203,481,1659]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photographs of trophi. A. Complete set, frontal view. B. Complete set (fulcrum lost), caudal view. al: alula, as: arched rami scleropili, dc: dorsal chamber, f: fulcrum, m: manubrium, mc: median chamber, r: ramus, ra: ramus apophysis, rf: ramus fenestra, svc: sub-ventral chamber, u: uncus, vc: ventral chamber." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B: as). The basal apophyses (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E245305259C52FA94" box="[812,893,1345,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="10.[151,250,977,1000]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 11. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photograph of trophi. Detail of major teeth and proximal part of fulcrum, frontal view. ba: basal apophysis, fo: fulcrum opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207796/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
: ba) are moderately developed ridges, composed of a series of fused scleropili. The fulcrum is short and plank-shaped, more or less trapezoid in lateral view, and composed of a double layer of longitudinally oriented and appressed sclerite bodies. A distinct frontal proximal opening is present (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E260405C99EFEFA08" box="[379,465,1453,1477]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="10.[151,250,977,1000]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 11. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photograph of trophi. Detail of major teeth and proximal part of fulcrum, frontal view. ba: basal apophysis, fo: fulcrum opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207796/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
: fo). The unci plates consist of 1415/1415 almost straight and webbed teeth with interlocking heads. There are three almost straight major teeth with weakly offset lanceolate head in each uncus; the head of the middle-most teeth is only slightly smaller than the others (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E249F05919B1CF9C0" box="[992,1075,1525,1549]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="10.[151,250,977,1000]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[384,1203,301,956]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 11. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photograph of trophi. Detail of major teeth and proximal part of fulcrum, frontal view. ba: basal apophysis, fo: fulcrum opening." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207796/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). The minor teeth have a sharp, very weakly offset head bearing two minute lateral knobs at their base. The crescent shaped manubria consist of the superimposed dorsal, median and ventral chamber, and very weakly developed sub-ventral chamber (
<figureCitation id="137A2A66FFBB075E227906599A77F998" box="[1286,1368,1597,1621]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1680,1703]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,481,1658]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[384,1203,481,1659]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Testudinella quadrilobata sp. nov., scanning electron microscope photographs of trophi. A. Complete set, frontal view. B. Complete set (fulcrum lost), caudal view. al: alula, as: arched rami scleropili, dc: dorsal chamber, f: fulcrum, m: manubrium, mc: median chamber, r: ramus, ra: ramus apophysis, rf: ramus fenestra, svc: sub-ventral chamber, u: uncus, vc: ventral chamber." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBB075E27BA06059EF0F9B4" blockId="8.[151,1436,1201,2018]" box="[197,479,1633,1658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Male and eggs unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBB075E27BA06E29E15F8E1" blockId="8.[151,1436,1201,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E27BA06E29E54F953" bold="true" box="[197,379,1670,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Measurements.</emphasis>
Lorica length 139165 µm (mean=156 µm, N=10), lorica width 100119 µm (mean=111 µm, N=10), anterior aperture width 6675 µm (mean = 70 µm, N = 10), penultimate foot pseudosegment 47 µm (mean = 5 µm, N = 10), distal foot pseudosegment 1519 µm (mean = 16, N = 10); trophi (N = 5): length × width 23.1 24.9 × 28.229.4 µm, ramus 13.714.9 µm, fulcrum 6.77.3 µm, largest major tooth 11.712.5 µm, manubrium 13.714.8 µm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFBB075F27BA075D9E49FE61" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBB075E27BA075D9AB4F82F" blockId="8.[151,1436,1201,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E27BA075D9E62F89F" bold="true" box="[197,333,1849,1874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBB075E262C075E9D5BF89F" box="[339,628,1850,1874]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E262C075E9D5BF89F" box="[339,628,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Testudinella quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBB075E2505075E9DFCF89F" box="[634,723,1850,1874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E2505075E9DFCF89F" bold="true" box="[634,723,1850,1874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
can hardly be confused with any congener. It bears a superficial resemblance with
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBB075E2619073B9D5BF8B8" authority="Myers, 1934" authorityName="Myers" authorityYear="1934" box="[358,628,1885,1910]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E2619073B9EF7F8BB" box="[358,472,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">T. dentata</emphasis>
Myers, 1934
</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs by the ventral anterior margin consisting of two convex lobes separated by a broad median sinus, instead of the two more or less straight to concave lobes separated by a rounded median sinus delimited by two acute projections in the latter. The dorsal anterior margin with median sinus appears less convex in
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBB075E26A807AF9DABF82F" box="[471,644,1994,2018]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E26A807AF9DABF82F" box="[471,644,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">T. quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBB075E25F407AE9DCBF82F" box="[651,740,1994,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E25F407AE9DCBF82F" bold="true" box="[651,740,1994,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
than in
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBB075E244207AF9C85F82F" box="[829,938,1994,2018]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E244207AF9C85F82F" box="[829,938,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">T. dentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In cross-sectional view,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBB075E23B807AF9A5BF82F" box="[1223,1396,1994,2018]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E23B807AF9A5BF82F" box="[1223,1396,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">T. quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBB075E220507AE9AB4F82F" box="[1402,1435,1994,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBB075E220507AE9AB4F82F" bold="true" box="[1402,1435,1994,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBA075F27E800FC9E49FE61" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F27E800FC9FE7FF7D" bold="true" box="[151,200,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">nov.</emphasis>
is fairly high, asymmetrical dorsally and ventrally, with distinctly arched dorsal margin and flatter ventral margin, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F262600D99EE5FF19" box="[345,458,188,212]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F262600D99EE5FF19" box="[345,458,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. dentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears strongly compressed with weakly inflated median part, and symmetrical both dorsally and ventrally. Other
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F26A300849D4EFF35" box="[476,609,224,248]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F26A300849D4EFF35" box="[476,609,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Testudinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with a vase-shaped lorica and undulate dorsal and ventral anterior margin showing a median sinus are
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F254F01619DCCFED1" box="[560,739,260,284]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="bicorniculata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F254F01619DCCFED1" box="[560,739,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. bicorniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F246301619B11FED1" authority="Gosse, 1886" authorityName="Gosse" authorityYear="1886" box="[796,1086,260,284]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="truncata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F246301619CB7FED1" box="[796,920,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. truncata</emphasis>
(Gosse, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
which are easily distinguished by the acute antero-lateral lorica projections or angular antero-lateral lorica corners, absent in the new species. As concerns the trophi,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F260201299D03FEA9" box="[381,556,332,356]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F260201299D03FEA9" box="[381,556,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBA075F254C01289DA2FEA9" box="[563,653,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F254C01289DA2FEA9" bold="true" box="[563,653,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
shows a higher number of unci teeth (1415/1415) and arched rami scleropili (3334/3233) than
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F268A01159D84FE45" box="[501,683,368,392]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="bicorniculata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F268A01159D84FE45" box="[501,683,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. bicorniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1011/1011; 1114/1116) and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F234401159B98FE45" box="[1083,1207,369,392]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="truncata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F234401159B98FE45" box="[1083,1207,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. truncata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(12/12; 22/25) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B12FFBA075F2205010B9E3DFE61" author="De" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" refString="De Smet, W. H. (2005) Study of the trophi of Testudinella Bory de St. Vincent and Pompholyx Gosse (Rotifera: Testudinellidae) by scanning electron microscopy. Hydrobiologia, 546, 203 - 211." type="journal article" year="2005">De Smet 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B12FFBA075F266201F09E75FE61" author="Smet" box="[285,346,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" refString="De Smet, W. H. (2009) A review of the marine and brackish-water species of Testudinella (Rotifera: Monogononta, Testudinellidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa, 2092, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3E666BFFBA075F27E806F49FDBF8CF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207795/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[384,1203,481,1658]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBA075F27E806F49FDBF8CF" blockId="9.[151,1436,1680,1794]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F27E806F49E30F96B" bold="true" box="[151,287,1680,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F265A06F59D05F96A" box="[293,554,1681,1703]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F265A06F59D05F96A" box="[293,554,1681,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Testudinella quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F254E06F59DA7F96B" bold="true" box="[561,648,1681,1702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBA075F254E06F59DACF96B" box="[561,643,1681,1702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
scanning electron microscope photographs of trophi.
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F23D706F59BEEF96B" bold="true" box="[1192,1217,1681,1702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">A.</emphasis>
Complete set, frontal view.
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F27AC06D49FC5F908" bold="true" box="[211,234,1712,1733]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">B.</emphasis>
Complete set (fulcrum lost), caudal view. al: alula, as: arched rami scleropili, dc: dorsal chamber, f: fulcrum, m: manubrium, mc: median chamber, r: ramus, ra: ramus apophysis, rf: ramus fenestra, svc: sub-ventral chamber, u: uncus, vc: ventral chamber.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFBA075C27BA074B9E4FFF3A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFBA075C27BA074B9E4FFF3A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1839,2008]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F27BA074B9EC8F88A" box="[197,487,1839,1863]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F27BA074B9EC8F88A" box="[197,487,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Testudinella quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBA075F269207549D69F885" box="[493,582,1840,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F269207549D69F885" bold="true" box="[493,582,1840,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to the group of brackish water/marine
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F2326074B9BCEF88A" ID-CoL="646Z8" box="[1113,1249,1839,1863]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F2326074B9BCEF88A" box="[1113,1249,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Testudinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-species displaying a slit-like foot opening and proximal fulcrum opening, i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F242907319B27F8A1" ID-CoL="55JM3" box="[854,1032,1876,1900]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="bicorniculata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F242907319B27F8A1" box="[854,1032,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. bicorniculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F236907319A13F8A6" ID-CoL="55JM9" authority="Muller, 1786" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1786" box="[1046,1340,1875,1900]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="clypeata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F236907319BBFF8A1" box="[1046,1168,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. clypeata</emphasis>
(Müller, 1786)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F223807319E51F842" ID-CoL="55JMF" authority="De Smet, 2009" authorityName="De Smet" authorityYear="2009" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F223807319FE6F842" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. elongata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B12FFBA075F27AE071C9E51F842" author="De" box="[209,382,1911,1935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" refString="De Smet, W. H. (2009) A review of the marine and brackish-water species of Testudinella (Rotifera: Monogononta, Testudinellidae), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa, 2092, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2009">De Smet, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F26F3071C9D2CF842" ID-CoL="55JMX" box="[396,515,1911,1935]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F26F3071C9D2CF842" box="[396,515,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F256C071C9DE3F842" box="[531,716,1911,1935]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="pseudobscura" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F256C071C9DE3F842" box="[531,716,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. pseudobscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBA075F25AB071C9C1FF85D" box="[724,816,1912,1936]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F25AB071C9C1FF85D" bold="true" box="[724,816,1912,1936]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F2415071C9B0FF842" ID-CoL="55JNQ" box="[874,1056,1911,1935]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="zhujiangensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F2415071C9B0FF842" box="[874,1056,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. zhujiangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(information on the trophi of the other thalassic species with slit-like foot opening,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F25AE07F99B2DF87E" ID-CoL="4PWGR" authority="Levander, 1894" authorityName="Levander" authorityYear="1894" box="[721,1026,1947,1972]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F25AE07F99C18F879" box="[721,823,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. crassa</emphasis>
(Levander, 1894)
</taxonomicName>
sp. inq. and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F23E907F99A28F879" ID-CoL="55JMB" box="[1174,1287,1948,1972]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F23E907F99A28F879" box="[1174,1287,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. dentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are unavailable). Of these species,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F26DD07A49D33F81A" ID-CoL="55JM9" box="[418,540,1983,2007]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="clypeata">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F26DD07A49D33F81A" box="[418,540,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. clypeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFBA075F252C07A49C2EF81A" box="[595,769,1983,2007]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F252C07A49C2EF81A" box="[595,769,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">T. quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFBA075F247707A49C4DF815" box="[776,866,1984,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFBA075F247707A49C4DF815" bold="true" box="[776,866,1984,2008]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are the only ones sharing a high number of arched rami scleropili and unci teeth: 2830/2526 and 1416/1416 versus 3334/3233 and 1415/1415 respectively (overall range of number of arched rami scleropili and unci teeth from
<date id="FFFF1023FFB9075C24B800D89B50FF19" box="[967,1151,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" value="1913-10-21" valueMax="1913-10-09" valueMin="1913-10-21">1021 and 913</date>
respectively in the other thalassic species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3E666BFFB9075C27E803B59CE7FBCB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/207796/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[384,1203,301,956]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB9075C27E803B59CE7FBCB" blockId="10.[151,1436,977,1030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB9075C27E803B59E31FC2A" bold="true" box="[151,286,977,1000]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFB9075C265B03B69D06FC25" box="[292,553,978,1000]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB9075C265B03B69D06FC25" box="[292,553,978,1000]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Testudinella quadrilobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A206578AFFB9075C254F03B69DAFFC2A" box="[560,640,978,999]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB9075C254F03B69DAFFC2A" bold="true" box="[560,640,978,999]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, scanning electron microscope photograph of trophi. Detail of major teeth and proximal part of fulcrum, frontal view. ba: basal apophysis, fo: fulcrum opening.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35B6568FFB9075C27BA04579C9AFB16" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E3FFB9075C27BA04579C9AFB16" blockId="10.[151,1436,1075,1243]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB9075C27BA04579EDDFB81" bold="true" box="[197,498,1075,1100]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
The species was to date only collected in small numbers from a shallow mangrove swamp with varying water depth of
<quantity id="4CB99B06FFB9075C254E04339DBCFBA2" box="[561,659,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="5.0">530 cm</quantity>
depending of the tide, and distances from the shore of about
<quantity id="4CB99B06FFB9075C223304339A56FBA2" box="[1356,1401,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
, in QiaoDangan Provincial Mangrove Nature Reserve on Qiao
<collectingCountry id="F3567673FFB9075C240C041F9C98FB5E" box="[883,951,1147,1171]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Island</collectingCountry>
in the Pearl River estuary, on
<date id="FFFF1023FFB9075C2260041F9FFDFB7A" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" value="2009-01-17">17 January 2009</date>
,
<date id="FFFF1023FFB9075C27A104FB9E83FB7A" box="[222,428,1183,1207]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" value="2009-02-28">28 February 2009</date>
,
<date id="FFFF1023FFB9075C26C704FB9D46FB7A" box="[440,617,1183,1207]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" value="2010-03-27">27 March 2010</date>
, and
<date id="FFFF1023FFB9075C25D804FB9C64FB7A" box="[679,843,1183,1207]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" value="2010-04-26">26 April 2010</date>
. Water temperatures varied from 1823 °C. Salinity varied from 814 ‰. It occasionally co-occurred with
<taxonomicName id="4C414D60FFB9075C258404A09C81FB16" box="[763,942,1219,1243]" class="Eurotatoria" family="Testudinellidae" genus="Testudinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Flosculariaceae" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Rotifera" rank="species" species="zhujiangensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF1FFB9075C258404A09C81FB16" box="[763,942,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">T. zhujiangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>