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<document id="8CBE5BB46E3FF499FD897C5D6C6FABD1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.183878" ID-GBIF-Dataset="810a9086-292c-4ca4-8075-91312cfac96e" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="183878" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459927247838" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Plotkin, Alexander S. &amp; Janussen, Dorte" docDate="2008" docId="03E887DC5E75FF995EC9111DFB78A8A1" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01866p135.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1866" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Rhizaxinella nuda Wilson 1925" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="FFD1FFA45E6AFFB85E5E1447FFB3AA43" masterDocTitle="Polymastiidae and Suberitidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Hadromerida) of the deep Weddell Sea, Antarctic *" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="126" updateTime="1698229662645" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="778D6210C20740175F0CA0EEB55564D0">Polymastiidae and Suberitidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Hadromerida) of the deep Weddell Sea, Antarctic *</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="267188065716E9C25CF246F1BB57235D">Plotkin, Alexander S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="69A9CB46A07A2413AFBB868D8DF7CC96">Janussen, Dorte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F08D3C8D0AD04F38C94898E997BD9F95">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E887DC5E75FF995EC9111DFB78A8A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6235809" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119374498" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6235809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887DC5E75FF995EC9111DFB78A8A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E887DC5E75FF995EC9111DFB78A8A1" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<subSubSection id="C35B65415E75FFA75EC9111DFEA5AFFC" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E75FFA75EC9111DFD01AF37" blockId="31.[151,690,1370,1396]" box="[151,690,1370,1396]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<heading id="D0B681A65E75FFA75EC9111DFD01AF37" bold="true" box="[151,690,1370,1396]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E75FFA75EC9111DFD01AF37" bold="true" box="[151,690,1370,1396]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E75FFA75EC9111DFDF0AF37" authority="Wilson, 1925" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,579,1370,1396]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nuda">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E75FFA75EC9111DFE82AF37" bold="true" box="[151,305,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">Rhizaxinella</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E75FFA75F02111DFE29AF37" bold="true" box="[348,410,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">nuda</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E75FFA75FFC111DFDF0AF37" author="Wilson" box="[418,579,1370,1396]" pageId="31" pageNumber="135" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1925) Siliceous and horny sponges collected by the U. S. Fisheries Steamer ' Albatross' during the Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 10. Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 100 (2, part 4), 273 - 532, pls 37 - 52." type="journal article" year="1925">Wilson, 1925</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A4F5E75FFA75C0C111DFD1AAF37" box="[594,681,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="32.[151,255,1594,1618]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,195,1567]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 15. Rhizaxinella cf. nuda. A one specimen SMF 10597. B the other specimen SMF 10597. C specimen SMF 10588. D specimen SMF 10581. E specimen SMF 10580. F histological section of idem. G long choanosomal spicules. H small ectosomal spicules. Scale bars: A F 2 mm; G H 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183894/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E75FFA75EC911E2FEA5AFFC" blockId="31.[151,772,1445,1508]" box="[151,278,1445,1471]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">Synonymy</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65415E75FF995EC9118AFEBAAB69" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E75FFA75EC9118AFCB7AFA7" blockId="31.[151,772,1445,1508]" box="[151,772,1485,1508]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5111E45E75FFA75EC9118AFCB7AFA7" box="[151,772,1485,1508]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E75FFA75EC9118AFEC3AFA7" box="[151,368,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E75FFA75EC9118AFEAFAFA7" box="[151,284,1485,1508]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Rhizaxinella</taxonomicName>
nuda—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE010DB5E75FFA75F2E118AFD9CAFA7" author="Wilson" box="[368,559,1485,1508]" page="352" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E75FFA75F2E118AFE48AFA7" author="Wilson" box="[368,507,1485,1508]" pageId="31" pageNumber="135" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1925) Siliceous and horny sponges collected by the U. S. Fisheries Steamer ' Albatross' during the Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 10. Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 100 (2, part 4), 273 - 532, pls 37 - 52." type="journal article" year="1925">Wilson 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 352
</treatmentCitation>
353, pl. 38 (fig. 5).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E75FFA75EC91252FD92AC3C" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<table id="F941C46A5E7500475EC91252FA2FAC3C" box="[151,1436,1557,1663]" gridcols="11" gridrows="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<tr id="357134885E7500475EC91252FA2FAC6D" box="[151,1436,1557,1582]" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76A05DF45E7500475EC91252FD81AC6D" box="[151,562,1557,1582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E75FFA75EC91252FEC6AC6D" box="[151,373,1557,1582]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">Material examined</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357134885E7500475EC9127AFA2FAC14" box="[151,1436,1597,1623]" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<th id="76A05DF45E7500475EC9127AFD81AC14" box="[151,562,1597,1623]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">SMF 10580 (1 specimen) and</th>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475C63127AFD35AC14" box="[573,646,1597,1623]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">10597</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475CCC127AFD19AC14" box="[658,682,1597,1623]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">(2</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475CEB127AFCF2AC14" box="[693,833,1597,1623]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">specimens):</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475D12127AFC6CAC14" box="[844,991,1597,1623]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">PS61/132­3;</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475DB4127AFB96AC14" box="[1002,1061,1597,1623]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">SMF</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475A6E127AFBCAAC14" box="[1072,1145,1597,1623]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">10581</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475ADA127AFB2EAC14" box="[1156,1181,1597,1623]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">(1</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475AF6127AFA93AC14" box="[1192,1312,1597,1623]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">specimen)</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475B75127AFAE6AC14" box="[1323,1365,1597,1623]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">and</td>
<td id="76A05DF45E7500475B3F127AFA2FAC14" box="[1377,1436,1597,1623]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">SMF</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357134885E7500475EC91222FA2FAC3C" box="[151,1436,1637,1663]" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="76A05DF45E7500475EC91222FD81AC3C" box="[151,562,1637,1663]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">10588 (1 specimen): PS67/121­7.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E75FFA75EC912F2FE93AC8C" blockId="31.[151,1434,1717,2023]" box="[151,288,1717,1743]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E75FFA75E98129AFCBFAD04" blockId="31.[151,1434,1717,2023]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E75FFA75E98129AFE74ACB5" box="[198,455,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">External morphology.</emphasis>
Small club­shaped sponges with rather damaged stalks (figs. 15AE). Their height varies from
<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E75FFA75F7B1342FE77AD5C" box="[293,452,1797,1823]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="31" pageNumber="126" unit="cm" value="1.35" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="0.6">0.6 to 2.1 cm</quantity>
. The surface is velvety, greyish. Consistency is rather soft. A contracted osculum is located slightly eccentrically on the top of main body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E75FFA75E981312FEE7ADA4" blockId="31.[151,1434,1717,2023]" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E75FFA75E981312FE82AD2D" box="[198,305,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="126">Skeleton.</emphasis>
The choanosomal skeleton is constituted by the principal tylostyles arranged more or less radially and grouped in tracts or bundles (fig. 15F). The ectosomal skeleton is formed by the bouquets of small tylostyles, densely packed and intermingled. Skeleton of the stalk not observed because of considerable damage of the latter.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3E66425E4AFF985EC9127DFC11ACD4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183894/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="127" targetBox="[151,1436,195,1566]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4AFF985EC9127DFC11ACD4" blockId="32.[151,1439,1594,1687]" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4AFF985EC9127DFE95AC11" bold="true" box="[151,294,1594,1618]" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E4AFF985F73127CFDA3AC11" box="[301,528,1595,1618]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="127" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nuda">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4AFF985F73127CFE01AC11" box="[301,434,1595,1618]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">Rhizaxinella</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4AFF985F85127CFDA3AC11" box="[475,528,1595,1618]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">nuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Aone specimen SMF 10597. Bthe other specimen SMF 10597. Cspecimen SMF 10588. Dspecimen SMF 10581. Especimen SMF 10580. Fhistological section of idem. Glong choanosomal spicules. Hsmall ectosomal spicules. Scale bars: AF 2 mm; GH 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4AFF985E9812ACFE36AD1F" blockId="32.[151,1437,1770,2004]" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4AFF985E9812ACFE8AAD44" box="[198,313,1771,1799]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">Spicules.</emphasis>
Altogether 120 spicules from
<specimenCount id="9D47FD435E4AFF985CE312ADFCE9AD45" box="[701,858,1770,1798]" pageId="32" pageNumber="127" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
were measured. Two size categories are well distinguished. The number of measured spicules of each category is given below, separately for each specimen (
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4AFF985F7C1307FEC0AD1F" box="[290,371,1856,1884]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">n1, n2</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4AFF995E98132DFEBAAB69" blockId="32.[151,1437,1770,2004]" lastBlockId="33.[151,1437,152,418]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="32" pageNumber="127">
Both principal and ectosomal spicules possess well­developed spherical tyles. Principal tylostyles are slightly fusiform and straight (fig. 15G). Their dimensions are: length
<date id="FFFF100A5E4AFF985D8D13D5FBE2ADEF" box="[979,1105,1938,1964]" pageId="32" pageNumber="127" value="1150" valueMax="1759">1150­1759</date>
­2318 µm, tyle diameter 17­ 18.9­21 µm, diameter of the shaft underneath the tyle 13­14.3­15 µm, maximal diameter of the shaft 13­16.2­ 21 µm (
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4BFF995EA414DFFE1BAAF2" box="[250,424,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">n1=30, n2=30</emphasis>
). Ectosomal tylostyles are isodiametric, straight or slightly curved (fig. 15H). They measure: length 450­551­690 µm, tyle diameter 9­13.7­18 µm, diameter of the shaft underneath the tyle 7­ 9.0­11 µm, maximal diameter of the shaft 8­10.1­13 µm (
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4BFF995D3E14AFFBBCAB42" box="[864,1039,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">n1=30, n2=30</emphasis>
). Spicules of the stalk were not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65415E4BFF995E98157FFBFAAB11" box="[198,1097,312,338]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4BFF995E98157FFBFAAB11" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,418]" box="[198,1097,312,338]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4BFF995E98157FFED5AB12" box="[198,358,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">
<typeStatus id="54FA88685E4BFF995E98157FFF4EAB12" box="[198,253,312,337]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
NW Pacific:
<collectingCountry id="F356765A5E4BFF995C59157FFD3CAB11" box="[519,655,312,338]" name="Philippines" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">Philippines</collectingCountry>
: Mindanau
<collectingCountry id="F356765A5E4BFF995D46157FFCD7AB11" box="[792,868,312,338]" name="Iceland" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">Island</collectingCountry>
: Iligan Bay,
<specimenCount id="9D47FD435E4BFF995DA9157FFBFAAB11" box="[1015,1097,312,338]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E4BFF995DA9157FFBF6AB11" box="[1015,1093,312,338]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.14" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="814.0">814 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65415E4BFF995E981527FB78A8A1" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4BFF995E981527FAA2AB39" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,418]" box="[198,1297,352,378]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4BFF995E981527FD38AB3A" box="[198,651,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">
Distribution (other than
<typeStatus id="54FA88685E4BFF995FB91527FDABAB3A" box="[487,536,352,377]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">type</typeStatus>
locality):
</emphasis>
NW Pacific:
<collectingCountry id="F356765A5E4BFF995D751527FC07AB39" box="[811,948,352,378]" name="Philippines" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">Philippines</collectingCountry>
: E. Cebu,
<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E4BFF995A721527FBC4AB39" box="[1068,1143,352,378]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="710.0">710 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E4BFF995AD81527FAB7AB39" author="Levi" box="[1158,1284,352,378]" pageId="33" pageNumber="134" refString="Levi, C. (1964) Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale. Galathea Report. Scientific results of the Danish deep-sea expedition round the World, 1950 - 52, 7, 63 - 112." type="journal article" year="1964">Lévi 1964</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4BFF995E9815CFFC06ABE1" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,418]" box="[198,949,392,418]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">
<collectingCountry id="F356765A5E4BFF995E9815CFFE8BABE1" box="[198,312,392,418]" name="Antarctica" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
: Northern Weddell Sea,
<quantity id="4CB99B2F5E4BFF995C0B15CFFD44ABE1" box="[597,759,392,418]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.62" metricValueMin="2.08" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="2350.0" valueMax="2620.0" valueMin="2080.0">20802620 m</quantity>
(present study).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4BFF995EC9159FFEB3ABB1" blockId="33.[151,1437,472,738]" box="[151,256,472,498]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">Remarks</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36CA5E4BFF995E981647FB78A8A1" blockId="33.[151,1437,472,738]" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">
We allocated the specimens studied to
<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E4BFF995CC41647FD4BA85A" box="[666,760,512,537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nuda">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4BFF995CC41647FD4BA85A" box="[666,760,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">R. nuda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the similarities of main body shape and skeleton architecture. However, it was done with some doubt because our sponges have smaller ectosomal tylostyles and thinner principal tylostyles than those described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E4BFF995D6E1617FC69A829" author="Wilson" box="[816,986,592,618]" pageId="33" pageNumber="135" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1925) Siliceous and horny sponges collected by the U. S. Fisheries Steamer ' Albatross' during the Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 10. Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 100 (2, part 4), 273 - 532, pls 37 - 52." type="journal article" year="1925">Wilson (1925)</bibRefCitation>
and also we did not observe the stalk skeleton. On the other hand, our specimens differ quite noticeably from the Southern Hemisphere species
<taxonomicName id="4C414D495E4BFF995BDD163FFE49A8F9" authority="Hentschel, 1909" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1909" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Rhizaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="128" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAD85E4BFF995BDD163FFE9EA8FA" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="128">R. australiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B3B5E4BFF995F6816E7FE49A8F9" author="Hentschel" box="[310,506,672,698]" pageId="33" pageNumber="134" refString="Hentschel, E. (1909) Tetraxonida. I. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger sudwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. Volume 2 (21). Fischer, Jena, pp. 347 - 402, pls XXII - XXIII." type="journal article" year="1909">Hentschel, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter is characterized by the branching, anastomosing body and smaller sizes of both principal and ectosomal spicules than those of the specimens described herein.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>