198 lines
23 KiB
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198 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="04F8F0D6FFF803D9914257CCCA13EC4A" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00581.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4890027" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622554282782" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Saupe, Erin E., Selden, Paul A. & Penney, David" docDate="2010" docId="03E887CCBD4CFFA1A1FB56E086FF8A54" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.158.711-725.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00581.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Molinaranea Mello-Leitao 1940" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="715" masterDocId="FFD1FFB4BD48FFA5A10A5753843D8D3B" masterDocTitle="First fossil Molinaranea Mello-Leitão, 1940 (Araneae: Araneidae), from middle Miocene Dominican amber, with a phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical analysis of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="725" masterPageNumber="711" pageNumber="715" updateTime="1698951617909" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7A184F858228565BCAFB60045F00A595">First fossil Molinaranea Mello-Leitão, 1940 (Araneae: Araneidae), from middle Miocene Dominican amber, with a phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical analysis of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="060D89801B431F264E49F912931FBC2D">Saupe, Erin E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="036E95D609D08B751049C04E3FCEC748">Selden, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="42C5F9F9DCDA31BD7C3513974559917D">Penney, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BD3E62D1A00BBE61E6E16F6504699200">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C1E2E5131A49D48F60B9E66E6325FB0E">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A7C8DBE5093EF52B37BD45B23D2C8666">
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<mods:date id="2A5DC932A56FF32CD63886D2BE406695">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C86948C08CA64EF6E0A14BDCF7A5C98B">158</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="A2890068CF2D3D230FD81FEE75BFB85F">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00581.x</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="F4408017B65DDC0FAEDE5DA293CAAD03" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00581.x</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2FBA447CFFF49FD8088C697A3E1D0DF1" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E887CCBD4CFFA1A1FB56E086FF8A54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887CCBD4CFFA1A1FB56E086FF8A54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E887CCBD4CFFA1A1FB56E086FF8A54" lastPageNumber="715" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<subSubSection id="C35B6551BD4CFFA1A1FB56E086A88CF3" box="[241,661,435,456]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36DABD4CFFA1A1FB56E086A88CF3" blockId="4.[241,661,435,456]" box="[241,661,435,456]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<heading id="D0B681B6BD4CFFA1A1FB56E086A88CF3" box="[241,661,435,456]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" reason="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A1FB56E085AB8CFC" ID-CoL="63BJB" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[241,406,435,456]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A1FB56E085AB8CFC" box="[241,406,435,456]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">MOLINARANEA</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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MELLO- LEITÃO, 1940
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B6551BD4CFFA1A19A568986FF8A54" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36DABD4CFFA1A19A568986CA8CD5" blockId="4.[144,759,473,1903]" box="[144,759,473,495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A19A568985228CD4" box="[144,287,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<typeStatus id="54FA8878BD4CFFA1A19A568984F98CD4" box="[144,196,474,495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A02D568A86CA8CD5" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1940" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[295,759,473,495]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molinai">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A02D568A86248CD5" box="[295,537,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Molinaranea molinai</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A32B568A86CA8CD5" author="Mello-Leitao CF" box="[545,759,473,495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="236 - 239" refId="ref11216" refString="Mello-Leitao CF. 1940. Aranas de las islas Juan Fernandez, recogidas por el Senor R. Wagenknecht. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 44: 236 - 239." type="journal article" year="1940">Mello-Leitão, 1940</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36DABD4CFFA1A1A256AB85D88F35" blockId="4.[144,759,473,1903]" box="[168,485,504,526]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A1A256AB85228F36" box="[168,287,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A05156AB85DC8F35" author="Levi HW" box="[347,481,504,526]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="445 - 476" refId="ref10784" refString="Levi HW. 2001. The orbweavers of the genera Molinaranea and Nicolepeira, a new species of Parawixia, and comments on orb weavers of temperate South America (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 155: 445 - 476." type="journal article" year="2001">Levi (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36DABD4CFFA1A1A2554585E38FB3" blockId="4.[144,759,473,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A1A2554585078F10" box="[168,314,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Distribution:</emphasis>
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Recent species are found in
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<collectingCountry id="F356764ABD4CFFA1A3B9554586CF8F17" box="[691,754,534,556]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Chile</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F356764ABD4CFFA1A19A5566853B8F70" box="[144,262,565,587]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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, the
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<collectingCountry id="F356764ABD4CFFA1A0365566863D8F70" box="[316,512,565,587]" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Falkland Islands</collectingCountry>
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, and Juan Fernandez Island. The fossil species is found in
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<collectingCountry id="F356764ABD4CFFA1A371550784CE8FB3" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
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amber (this paper).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36DABD4CFFA1A1A255C286FF8A54" blockId="4.[144,759,473,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A1A255C285928F9D" box="[168,431,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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Remarks:
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A01755C285928F9D" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[285,431,657,678]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Molinaranea</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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was created as a monotypic genus by Mello-Leitão in 1940; the gender is feminine.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A1D9559D856A8FDF" author="Levi HW" box="[211,343,718,740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="445 - 476" refId="ref10784" refString="Levi HW. 2001. The orbweavers of the genera Molinaranea and Nicolepeira, a new species of Parawixia, and comments on orb weavers of temperate South America (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 155: 445 - 476." type="journal article" year="2001">Levi (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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used the paramedian apophysis to help distinguish amongst genera of
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A35155BE86EE8E38" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1895" box="[603,723,749,771]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
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, a structure that is unfortunately not discernable in our specimen. A filiform (thread-like) embolus is visible adjacent to the conductor, however, and distinguishes our specimen from members of
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A319543B86B48E46" box="[531,649,872,893]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Parawixia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A319543B86B48E46" box="[531,649,872,893]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Parawixia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Pickard- Cambridge 1904 and
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A09654D586A28EA0" authority="Marx 1883" authorityName="Marx" authorityYear="1883" box="[412,671,902,923]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Ocrepeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A09654D586378EA0" box="[412,522,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Ocrepeira</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A31054D586A28EA0" author="Marx G" box="[538,671,902,923]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" refId="ref11164" refString="Marx G. 1883. Araneina. In: Howard LO, ed. A list of the invertebrate fauna of South Carolina. Charleston: South Carolina Department of Agriculture." type="book" year="1883">Marx 1883</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which have robust emboli. Furthermore, our specimen can be placed with confidence within
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A3055490869C8EE3" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[527,673,963,984]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A3055490869C8EE3" box="[527,673,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Molinaranea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for the following reasons: the median apophysis is prominent, forked, and projects away from the palpal bulb. Although this morphology occurs in other genera, such as
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A1E5536D85568968" box="[239,363,1086,1107]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A1E5536D855A8968" box="[239,359,1086,1107]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Parawixia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parawixia</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A07E536E86448969" authority="Simon, 1897" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[372,633,1085,1107]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Spilasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A07E536E85DD8969" box="[372,480,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Spilasma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A0E2536E86448969" author="Simon E" box="[488,633,1085,1107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="465 - 509" refId="ref12079" refString="Simon E. 1897. Descriptions d'especes nouvelles de l'ordre des Araneae. Annales de la Societe Entomologiquw de France 65: 465 - 509." type="journal article" year="1897">Simon, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A3B0536D84F7894A" authorityName="Marx" authorityYear="1883" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Ocrepeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A3B0536D84F7894A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Ocrepeira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A1D1530F856B894A" author="Levi HW" box="[219,342,1116,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref10677" refString="Levi HW. 1992. Spiders of the orb-weaver genus Parawixia in America (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 153: 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1992">Levi, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A069530F85A1894A" author="Levi HW" box="[355,412,1116,1137]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="47 - 141" refId="ref10709" refString="Levi HW. 1993. The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genera Wixia, Pozonia, and Ocrepeira (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 153: 47 - 141." type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A0A0530F85DE8949" author="Levi HW" box="[426,483,1116,1138]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="153 - 213" refId="ref10746" refString="Levi HW. 1995. Orb-weaving spiders Actinosoma, Spilasma, Micrepeira, Pronous, and four new genera (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 154: 153 - 213." type="journal article" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
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), the details differ from those in our specimen. For example, our specimen and members of
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A06A53CA85CF8995" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[352,498,1177,1198]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A06A53CA85CF8995" box="[352,498,1177,1198]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Molinaranea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have prongs that do not re-curve as prominently as those in members of
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A19A5384853889D7" box="[144,261,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A19A5384853F89D7" authorityName="Marx" authorityYear="1883" box="[144,258,1239,1260]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Ocrepeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ocrepeira</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In those members of
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A32B538486B289D7" authorityName="Marx" authorityYear="1883" box="[545,655,1239,1260]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Ocrepeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A32B538486B289D7" box="[545,655,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Ocrepeira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that do have median apophysis prongs, the prongs are usually of unequal thickness, differing from the quasi-equal prong widths in
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A0FF526186BA887C" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[501,647,1330,1351]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A0FF526186BA887C" box="[501,647,1330,1351]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Molinaranea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and our specimen (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A01A520285AC885C" author="Levi HW" box="[272,401,1361,1383]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="47 - 141" refId="ref10709" refString="Levi HW. 1993. The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genera Wixia, Pozonia, and Ocrepeira (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 153: 47 - 141." type="journal article" year="1993">Levi, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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). Members of both
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A382520286CB885D" authorityName="Marx" authorityYear="1883" box="[648,758,1361,1382]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Ocrepeira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A382520286CB885D" box="[648,758,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Ocrepeira</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
and
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A1C95223850488BE" box="[195,313,1392,1413]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Parawixia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A1C95223850488BE" box="[195,313,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Parawixia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have median apophyses that typically thicken distally, whereas members of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A36E52DD86CB8898" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[612,758,1422,1443]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A36E52DD86CB8898" box="[612,758,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Molinaranea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and our specimen thin distally (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A31452FF86A388F9" author="Levi HW" box="[542,670,1452,1474]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref10677" refString="Levi HW. 1992. Spiders of the orb-weaver genus Parawixia in America (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 153: 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1992">Levi, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A3BB52FE86D688F8" author="Levi HW" box="[689,747,1453,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="47 - 141" refId="ref10709" refString="Levi HW. 1993. The neotropical orb-weaving spiders of the genera Wixia, Pozonia, and Ocrepeira (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 153: 47 - 141." type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Members of these same genera also possess many processes, bumps and/or indentations on the median apophysis, unlike the smoother median apophyses present in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A01A5174859F8B07" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[272,418,1575,1596]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A01A5174859F8B07" box="[272,418,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Molinaranea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and our specimen. Additionally, many
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A01E511585D88B60" box="[276,485,1605,1627]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Parawixia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A01E511585B78B60" box="[276,394,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Parawixia</emphasis>
|
|
species
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with forked prongs on the median apophysis possess numerous (more than three) tubercles on the opisthosoma (more than the two present in our specimen). In
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A34651F286858B8D" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[588,696,1697,1718]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Spilasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A34651F286858B8D" box="[588,696,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Spilasma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the median apophysis is commonly trifid distally, with relatively short prong lengths, unlike the bi-forked prongs in
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A00151AE85988A29" box="[267,421,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A00151AE859C8A29" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1940" box="[267,417,1789,1810]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Molinaranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Molinaranea</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Male members of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C414D59BD4CFFA1A38051AE86CB8A29" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[650,758,1789,1810]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Spilasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935EAC8BD4CFFA1A38051AE86CB8A29" box="[650,758,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="715">Spilasma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
also possess a ventral, sclerotized area extending from the sides of the pedicel to the genital groove (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B2BBD4CFFA1A19D500A85298A54" author="Levi HW" box="[151,276,1881,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="715" pagination="153 - 213" refId="ref10746" refString="Levi HW. 1995. Orb-weaving spiders Actinosoma, Spilasma, Micrepeira, Pronous, and four new genera (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 154: 153 - 213." type="journal article" year="1995">Levi, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), a feature lacking in our specimen.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
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</document> |