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<document id="C7CA433BBE3ED1EA82F806BAFB089943" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5284.2.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923410" ID-ZooBank="53B47670-25D9-4CF9-B7C6-AFD8D7AB978F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1683786600148" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Huang, Si-Yao, Horie, Kiyoshi, Fan, Xiao-Ling, Wang, Min &amp; Espeland, Marianne" docDate="2023" docId="03E8879A4659B94FF7D6FC91FD74DB1A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5284.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5284 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5284.2.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chalcosia hyalina Kollar 1844" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="295" masterDocId="FFD1FFE2465AB94BF741FF84FF9EDA5B" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Agalope Walker (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) with taxonomic notes and descriptions of three new genera and three new species" masterLastPageNumber="321" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="294" updateTime="1683912704855" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="AD6CE3490F89423B45A04436D765E19B">A review of the genus Agalope Walker (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) with taxonomic notes and descriptions of three new genera and three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F39D5E7FAA987028E9B73D185A932623">Huang, Si-Yao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4170DC5EABD4D2266B3B9836F70A905">Horie, Kiyoshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7C3161ED736FF0BF1DC82AC83143E0D5">Fan, Xiao-Ling</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B9279D51A7399200E92096FE917C02F1">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China 1 - 27 - 21, Sangenjaya, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154 - 0024 Japan &amp; fanxiaol 66 @ scau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1176 - 7667</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8E9EAE758BCE18F0E08925CBFDD276BF">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China 1 - 27 - 21, Sangenjaya, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154 - 0024 Japan &amp; minwang @ scau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5834 - 4058</mods:affiliation>
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The
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F78EFC90FEB4D974" bold="true" box="[207,298,788,815]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">hyalina</emphasis>
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species-group
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6FCD8FE8CD92D" bold="true" box="[151,274,860,886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The
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species-group can be distinguished from
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F42CFCD8FC7CD92D" box="[877,994,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">eronioides</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F4AEFCD8FBB1D92D" box="[1007,1071,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">livida</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F324FCD9FB3BD92C" box="[1125,1189,861,887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">geoffi</emphasis>
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species-groups by the combination of the following characters: 1) Relatively smaller, similar to the size of the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F32FFC05FB30D9C0" box="[1134,1198,897,923]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">geoffi</emphasis>
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species-group, while members of the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F610FC20FE58D9E5" box="[337,454,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">eronioides</emphasis>
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species-group and the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F58EFC20FC91D9E5" box="[719,783,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">livida</emphasis>
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species-group are larger. 2) Forewing with a pale spot in cell R
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, similar to that of the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F6A3FC4CFDC9D9B9" box="[482,599,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">eronioides</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F5D1FC4CFD4ED9B9" box="[656,720,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">livida</emphasis>
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species-groups, while such spot is absent in the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F3BBFC4DFAA4D9B8" box="[1274,1338,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">geoffi</emphasis>
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species-group. 3) 8th tergite has the posterior end bifurcate (except for
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F408FC69FB33DE5C" authority="Matsumura, 1927" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1927" box="[841,1197,1005,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F408FC69FC41DE5C" box="[841,991,1005,1031]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. formosana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F4A4FC69FB33DE5C" author="Matsumura, S." box="[997,1197,1005,1031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref13999" refString="Matsumura, S. (1927) New species and subspecies of moths from the Japanese Empire. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, 19 (1), 1 - 91, pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1927">Matsumura, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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), similar to that of the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6FB94FE92DE71" box="[151,268,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">eronioides</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F602FB94FE1DDE71" box="[323,387,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">livida</emphasis>
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species-groups, while the posterior end of the 8th tergite is flat in the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F3D5FB95FB4ADE70" box="[1172,1236,1041,1067]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">geoffi</emphasis>
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species-group. 4) In male genitalia the distal end of valva bears numerous small spines, while in the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F363FBB0FBFCDE15" box="[1058,1122,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">livida</emphasis>
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species-group the distal end of valva bears two dent-like processes, in the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F5D9FBDCFC93DE29" box="[664,781,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">eronioides</emphasis>
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species-group the distal end of sacculus forms a horn-like process and in the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F629FBF9FE36DECC" box="[360,424,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">geoffi</emphasis>
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species-group the distal end of sacculus varies from bearing a triangular process or lobate process with the outer margin covered by spinules. 5) Juxta lobes are simple and spiniform, similar to those of the
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<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6FB40FE92DE85" box="[151,268,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">eronioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F602FB40FE1DDE85" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1879" box="[323,387,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livida">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F602FB40FE1DDE85" box="[323,387,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">livida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-groups, while in the
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F58BFB41FC94DE84" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[714,778,1221,1247]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geoffi">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F58BFB41FC94DE84" box="[714,778,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">geoffi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group the juxta lobes significantly expand distally and are covered by numerous piliform spinules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65074659B948F786FA89FDA2DCE9" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4659B948F786FA89FDA2DCE9" blockId="3.[151,1437,860,1714]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F786FA89FEA5DF7C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1293,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Remarks.</emphasis>
Following the transfer of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F529FA88FC45DF7C" authority="(Moore, 1872)" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[616,987,1292,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F529FA88FCB3DF7D" box="[616,813,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Agalope glacialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F47FFA89FC4DDF7C" author="Moore, F." box="[830,979,1293,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="555 - 583" refId="ref14080" refString="Moore, F. (1872) Descriptions of new Indian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1872 (2), 555 - 583, pls. 32 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1879. tb 02671. x" type="journal article" year="1872">Moore, 1872</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F337FA88FB64DF7D" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[1142,1274,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Paragalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F337FA88FB64DF7D" box="[1142,1274,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Paragalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F242FA89FACADF7C" bold="true" box="[1283,1364,1293,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54659B948F242FA89FACADF7C" box="[1283,1364,1293,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in the present study, the name
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F6E7FAB4FD60DF10" authority="Butler, 1881" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[422,766,1328,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F6E7FAB4FDF5DF11" box="[422,619,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Agalope glacialis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F532FAB4FD60DF10" author="Butler, A. G." box="[627,766,1328,1355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref13328" refString="Butler, A. G. (1881) Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera from Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1881, 1 - 23 + 171 - 200 + 401 - 426 + 579 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1873. tb 01519. x" type="journal article" year="1881">Butler, 1881</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is no longer the junior secondary homonym of the name
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F2C5FAB5FE3BDF34" authority="(Moore, 1872)" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F2C5FAB5FF69DF35" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. glacialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F647FAD1FE03DF34" author="Moore, F." box="[262,413,1365,1391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="555 - 583" refId="ref14080" refString="Moore, F. (1872) Descriptions of new Indian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1872 (2), 555 - 583, pls. 32 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1879. tb 02671. x" type="journal article" year="1872">Moore, 1872</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. According to the Article 59.4 of
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F45AFAD1FC30DF34" author="ICZN" box="[795,942,1365,1391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" refId="ref13674" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edn. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, The Natural History Museum, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
(“A species-group name rejected after 1960 on grounds of secondary homonymy is to be reinstated as valid by an author who considers that the two species-group taxa in question are not congeneric, unless it is invalid for some other reason.”), the name
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F38AFA19FF51DF80" authority="Butler, 1881" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F38AFA19FAD7DFED" box="[1227,1353,1436,1463]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. glacialis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F211FA18FF51DF80" author="Butler, A. G." pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref13328" refString="Butler, A. G. (1881) Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera from Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1881, 1 - 23 + 171 - 200 + 401 - 426 + 579 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1873. tb 01519. x" type="journal article" year="1881">Butler, 1881</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is reinstated as valid here and the replacement name of the former,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F497FA45FAD8DF80" authority="Owada &amp; Horie, 2000" authorityName="Owada &amp; Horie" authorityYear="2000" box="[982,1350,1472,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="butleri" status="syn. n.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F497FA45FBDFDF81" box="[982,1089,1472,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. butleri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F308FA44FAD8DF80" author="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K." box="[1097,1350,1472,1499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14392" refString="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K. (2000) The genus Agalope (s. str.) (Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) from the Himalayas and the Indo-Chinese Peninsula. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal, Part 6. Japan Heterocerist's Society, Tokyo, pp. 1 - 8, pl. 161." type="journal article" year="2000">Owada &amp; Horie, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F20FFA45FA03DF80" bold="true" box="[1358,1437,1473,1499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54659B948F20FFA45FA03DF80" box="[1358,1437,1473,1499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is unnecessary and regarded as a junior objective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F413FA61FC4CDFA5" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[850,978,1508,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F413FA61FC4CDFA5" box="[850,978,1508,1535]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. glacialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species was recently discovered in Jilong County,
<collectingRegion id="4985F86E4659B948F600F98CFE0CDC79" box="[321,402,1544,1570]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Xizang</collectingRegion>
Autonomous Region at the border of
<collectingCountry id="F356761C4659B948F47BF98CFCE3DC79" box="[826,893,1544,1570]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F356761C4659B948F4F5F98CFC64DC79" box="[948,1018,1544,1570]" name="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, the first record from
<collectingCountry id="F356761C4659B948F3AFF98CFAABDC79" box="[1262,1333,1544,1570]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">China</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F27EF98CFF69DC1D" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F27EF98CFF69DC1D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Agalope glacialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A094659B948F646F9A8FEF3DC1D" box="[263,365,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURES 114" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[292,1296,181,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-23@2.[292,1296,181,1658]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 114. Adults of Agalope spp. 1, Agalope hyalina, male, Simla, Punjab, India, ZMH 67215 (ZMH); 2, ditto, female, Simla, Punjab, India, ZMH 67216 (ZMH); 3, A. glacialis, ST, female, Darjiling (Darjeeling), West Bengal, India, NHMUK014200152 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 4, ditto, male, Lete, Nepal, NHMUK014199967 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 5, ditto, male, Jilong, Xigaze, Xizang, China, STS-34884 (TAAHU); 6, ditto, male, Jilong, Xigaze, Xizang, China, STS-34883 (TAAHU); 7, A. eronioides, male, Cherrapunji, Meghalaya, India, NHMUK014200111 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 8, ditto, female, Cherrapunji, Meghalaya, India, NHMUK014200112 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 9, ditto, male, Chiangmai, Thailand, ZFMK Lep153372 (ZFMK); 10, ditto, female, Chiangmai, Thailand, ZFMK Lep153373 (ZFMK); 11, A. livida, male, Taibaishan,Shaanxi,China, ZFMK Lep153374 (ZFMK);12, ditto, female,Shennongjia, Hubei, China, ZFMK Lep 153375 (ZFMK); 13, A. geoffi sp. n., male, HT, Linzhi, Xizang, China, ZFMK Lep 153485 (ZFMK); 14, A. liuzihaoi sp. n., male, HT, Bomi, Xizang, China, ZSY183 (CHSY, will be deposited in ZFMK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923414" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923414/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Figs 36</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094659B948F639F9A8FE21DC1D" box="[376,447,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURES 6469" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,187,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[157,1429,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 6469. Male genitalia of Agalope spp. Depository: 64, 68: ZMH; 65, 66: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 67: TAAHU; 69: ZFMK." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923432/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">66, 67</figureCitation>
) is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F5F1F9A9FCBDDC1D" authorityName="Kollar" authorityYear="1844" box="[688,803,1580,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Chalcosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalina">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F5F1F9A9FCBDDC1D" box="[688,803,1580,1607]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. hyalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A094659B948F473F9A8FC09DC1C" box="[818,919,1580,1607]" captionStart="FIGURES 114" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[292,1296,181,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-23@2.[292,1296,181,1658]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 114. Adults of Agalope spp. 1, Agalope hyalina, male, Simla, Punjab, India, ZMH 67215 (ZMH); 2, ditto, female, Simla, Punjab, India, ZMH 67216 (ZMH); 3, A. glacialis, ST, female, Darjiling (Darjeeling), West Bengal, India, NHMUK014200152 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 4, ditto, male, Lete, Nepal, NHMUK014199967 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 5, ditto, male, Jilong, Xigaze, Xizang, China, STS-34884 (TAAHU); 6, ditto, male, Jilong, Xigaze, Xizang, China, STS-34883 (TAAHU); 7, A. eronioides, male, Cherrapunji, Meghalaya, India, NHMUK014200111 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 8, ditto, female, Cherrapunji, Meghalaya, India, NHMUK014200112 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 9, ditto, male, Chiangmai, Thailand, ZFMK Lep153372 (ZFMK); 10, ditto, female, Chiangmai, Thailand, ZFMK Lep153373 (ZFMK); 11, A. livida, male, Taibaishan,Shaanxi,China, ZFMK Lep153374 (ZFMK);12, ditto, female,Shennongjia, Hubei, China, ZFMK Lep 153375 (ZFMK); 13, A. geoffi sp. n., male, HT, Linzhi, Xizang, China, ZFMK Lep 153485 (ZFMK); 14, A. liuzihaoi sp. n., male, HT, Bomi, Xizang, China, ZSY183 (CHSY, will be deposited in ZFMK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923414" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923414/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094659B948F4E5F9A8FC5CDC1C" box="[932,962,1580,1607]" captionStart="FIGURES 5163" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[192,1397,201,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-23@16.[190,1398,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 5163. Lateral view of the male genitalia of Agalope/Elcysma-related genera. Depository: 51, 52, 58: ZMH; 53, 55, 63: ZFMK; 54, 57, 61: CHSY; 56: SCAU; 59, 60: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 62: CSYSU." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923428/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">51</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094659B948F48FF9A8FB88DC1C" box="[974,1046,1580,1607]" captionStart="FIGURES 6469" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,187,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[157,1429,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 6469. Male genitalia of Agalope spp. Depository: 64, 68: ZMH; 65, 66: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 67: TAAHU; 69: ZFMK." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923432/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">64, 65</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094659B948F363F9A9FBDEDC1C" box="[1058,1088,1581,1607]" captionStart="FIGURES 93107" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,187,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1436,181,1806]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 93107. Eighth tergite of Agalope/Elcysma-related genera. Depository: 93, 94, 100: ZMH; 95, 96, 107: ZFMK; 97, 101, 103: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 98: SCAU; 99, 102, 105: CHSY; 104: CJF; 106: CSYSU." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923450/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">93</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094659B948F30CF9A9FBE6DC1C" box="[1101,1144,1581,1607]" captionStart="FIGURES 108114" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1384,187,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-23@24.[202,1384,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 108114. Female genitalia of Agalope, Rotundagalope gen. n. and Paragalope gen. n. spp. Depository: 108: ZMH; 109, 110: ZFMK; 111, 112, 114: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 113: CHSY." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923452/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">108</figureCitation>
) and can be distinguished from it by the hindwing ground color white or greyish white instead of creamy white in
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F32BF9D5FB43DC31" authorityName="Kollar" authorityYear="1844" box="[1130,1245,1616,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Chalcosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalina">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F32BF9D5FB43DC31" box="[1130,1245,1616,1643]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. hyalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, in the male genitalia of both species no substantial difference can be found thus the true relationship between these two species requires further investigation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65074659B94FF7D6F880FD74DB1A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4659B948F7D6F880FE0CDD45" blockId="3.[151,402,1796,1822]" box="[151,402,1796,1822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6F880FE0CDD45" bold="true" box="[151,402,1796,1822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Species composition</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4659B948F7D6F8C9FE65DD3C" blockId="3.[151,709,1869,2039]" box="[151,507,1869,1895]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F7D6F8C9FE65DD3C" authority="Matsumura, 1927" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,507,1869,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6F8C9FEB0DD3C" box="[151,302,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. formosana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F674F8C9FE65DD3C" author="Matsumura, S." box="[309,507,1869,1895]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref13999" refString="Matsumura, S. (1927) New species and subspecies of moths from the Japanese Empire. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, 19 (1), 1 - 91, pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1927">Matsumura, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4659B948F7D6F8F5FE2EDDD0" blockId="3.[151,709,1869,2039]" box="[151,432,1904,1931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F7D6F8F5FE2EDDD0" authority="(Kollar, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Kollar" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,432,1904,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Chalcosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalina">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6F8F5FE94DDD1" box="[151,266,1904,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. hyalina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F658F8F4FE36DDD0" author="Kollar, V." box="[281,424,1904,1931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="393 - 564" refId="ref13838" refString="Kollar, V. (1844) s. n. In: Kollar, V. &amp; Redtenbacher, L. (1844) Aufzahlung und Beschreibung der von Freiherr C. v. Hugel auf seiner Reise durch Kaschmir und das Himaleygebirge gesammelten Insekten. In: Hugel, F. C. (Ed.), Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek, 4, pp. 393 - 564, pls. 1 - 28. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1844">Kollar, 1844</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4659B948F7D6F811FE37DDF4" blockId="3.[151,709,1869,2039]" box="[151,425,1940,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F7D6F811FE37DDF4" authority="Butler, 1881" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,425,1940,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6F811FE88DDF5" box="[151,278,1940,1967]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. glacialis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F65FF810FE37DDF4" author="Butler, A. G." box="[286,425,1940,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref13328" refString="Butler, A. G. (1881) Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera from Japan. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1881, 1 - 23 + 171 - 200 + 401 - 426 + 579 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1873. tb 01519. x" type="journal article" year="1881">Butler, 1881</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4659B948F7D6F83DFE10DD88" blockId="3.[151,709,1869,2039]" box="[151,398,1976,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F7D6F83DFE10DD88" authority="Mell, 1922" authorityName="Mell" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,398,1976,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6F83DFE92DD89" box="[151,268,1976,2003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. grandis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F652F83CFE10DD88" author="Mell, R." box="[275,398,1976,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="113 - 129" refId="ref14043" refString="Mell, R. (1922) Neue sudchinesische Lepidoptera. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift, 1922, 113 - 129. [in German] https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019220111" type="journal article" year="1922">Mell, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4659B948F7D6F859FD5BDDAC" blockId="3.[151,709,1869,2039]" box="[151,709,2012,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4659B948F7D6F859FE0BDDAC" authority="Horie, 2000" authorityName="Horie" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,405,2012,2039]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harutai">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4659B948F7D6F859FE96DDAD" box="[151,264,2012,2039]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">A. harutai</emphasis>
Horie, 2000
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D4659B948F682F858FD23DDAC" author="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K." box="[451,701,2012,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14392" refString="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K. (2000) The genus Agalope (s. str.) (Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) from the Himalayas and the Indo-Chinese Peninsula. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal, Part 6. Japan Heterocerist's Society, Tokyo, pp. 1 - 8, pl. 161." type="journal article" year="2000">Owada &amp; Horie, 2000</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C465EB94FF7D6FF13FD6FDAEA" blockId="4.[151,753,151,321]" box="[151,753,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F465EB94FF7D6FF13FE85DAEB" authorityName="S.-Y. Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,283,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianqingi">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E465EB94FF7D6FF13FE85DAEB" box="[151,283,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">A. jianqingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.-Y.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D465EB94FF620FF13FE6CDAEA" author="Huang, S. Y. &amp; Zhu, L. J. &amp; Chen, E. Y. &amp; Xu, Y. Q. &amp; Wang, M. &amp; Fan, X. L. &amp; Pan, Z. H. &amp; Espeland, M." box="[353,498,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="557 - 574" refId="ref13570" refString="Huang, S. Y., Zhu, L. J., Chen, E. Y., Xu, Y. Q., Wang, M., Fan, X. L., Pan, Z. H. &amp; Espeland, M. (2022) Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Agalope Walker from mainland China, with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae). Zootaxa, 5165 (4), 557 - 574. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5165.4.7" type="journal article" year="2022">Huang, 2022</bibRefCitation>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D465EB94FF55EFF13FD77DAEA" author="Huang, S. Y. &amp; Zhu, L. J. &amp; Chen, E. Y. &amp; Xu, Y. Q. &amp; Wang, M. &amp; Fan, X. L. &amp; Pan, Z. H. &amp; Espeland, M." box="[543,745,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="557 - 574" refId="ref13570" refString="Huang, S. Y., Zhu, L. J., Chen, E. Y., Xu, Y. Q., Wang, M., Fan, X. L., Pan, Z. H. &amp; Espeland, M. (2022) Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Agalope Walker from mainland China, with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae). Zootaxa, 5165 (4), 557 - 574. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5165.4.7" type="journal article" year="2022">
Huang
<emphasis id="B935EA9E465EB94FF531FF13FD3CDAEA" box="[624,674,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">et al</emphasis>
. 2022
</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C465EB94FF7D6FF3FFDF5DA8E" blockId="4.[151,753,151,321]" box="[151,619,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F465EB94FF7D6FF3FFDF5DA8E" authority="Owada &amp; Horie, 2000" authorityName="Owada &amp; Horie" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,619,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kishidaograndis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E465EB94FF7D6FF3FFEF4DA8E" box="[151,362,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">A. kishidaograndis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D465EB94FF633FF3FFDF5DA8E" author="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K." box="[370,619,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14392" refString="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K. (2000) The genus Agalope (s. str.) (Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) from the Himalayas and the Indo-Chinese Peninsula. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal, Part 6. Japan Heterocerist's Society, Tokyo, pp. 1 - 8, pl. 161." type="journal article" year="2000">Owada &amp; Horie, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C465EB94FF7D6FF5BFD56DAA2" blockId="4.[151,753,151,321]" box="[151,712,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F465EB94FF7D6FF5BFE07DAA2" authority="Owada, 2000" authorityName="Owada" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,409,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mineti">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E465EB94FF7D6FF5BFF62DAA3" box="[151,252,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">A. mineti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D465EB94FF642FF5BFE07DAA2" author="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K." box="[259,409,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14392" refString="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K. (2000) The genus Agalope (s. str.) (Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) from the Himalayas and the Indo-Chinese Peninsula. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal, Part 6. Japan Heterocerist's Society, Tokyo, pp. 1 - 8, pl. 161." type="journal article" year="2000">Owada, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D465EB94FF687FF5BFD5FDAA2" author="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K." box="[454,705,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14392" refString="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K. (2000) The genus Agalope (s. str.) (Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) from the Himalayas and the Indo-Chinese Peninsula. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal, Part 6. Japan Heterocerist's Society, Tokyo, pp. 1 - 8, pl. 161." type="journal article" year="2000">Owada &amp; Horie, 2000</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C465EB94FF7D6FE87FE20DB46" blockId="4.[151,753,151,321]" box="[151,446,258,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F465EB94FF7D6FE87FE20DB46" authority="Butler, 1875" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,446,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="primularis">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E465EB94FF7D6FE87FEB2DB46" box="[151,300,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">A. primularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D465EB94FF675FE87FE20DB46" author="Butler, A. G." box="[308,446,258,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="391 - 393" refId="ref13295" refString="Butler, A. G. (1875) Descriptions of several new Species of Indian Heterocerous Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1875, 391 - 393." type="journal article" year="1875">Butler, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C465EB94FF7D6FEA3FD74DB1A" blockId="4.[151,753,151,321]" box="[151,746,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F465EB94FF7D6FEA3FE25DB1A" authority="Horie, 2000" authorityName="Horie" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,443,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suzukikojii">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E465EB94FF7D6FEA3FEB0DB1A" box="[151,302,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">A. suzukikojii</emphasis>
Horie, 2000
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B7D465EB94FF6A9FEA3FD7DDB1A" author="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K." box="[488,739,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14392" refString="Owada, M. &amp; Horie, K. (2000) The genus Agalope (s. str.) (Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) from the Himalayas and the Indo-Chinese Peninsula. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal, Part 6. Japan Heterocerist's Society, Tokyo, pp. 1 - 8, pl. 161." type="journal article" year="2000">Owada &amp; Horie, 2000</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>