391 lines
42 KiB
XML
391 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="410E73825851818EB47A56B54C1B24F2" ID-DOI="10.24823/EJB.2022.405" ID-ISSN="1747-0036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10524193" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1704824771392" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ardi, W. H. & Thomas, D. C." docDate="2022" docId="03FFFE04FFB2FFC3FF9417A69F20FCC9" docLanguage="en" docName="EdinbJBot.79.405.1-50.pdf" docOrigin="Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (405)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2022.405" docStyle="DocumentStyle:73DE8CF451BB5BCBD336E07A8276E690.4:EdinbJBot.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="73DE8CF451BB5BCBD336E07A8276E690" docStyleName="EdinbJBot.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Begonia (sect. Petermannia) gemella L. B. Sm & Wassh." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFC6867CFFA3FFD7FFED133F9D07FFE7" masterDocTitle="SYNOPSIS OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE NORTHERN ARM OF SULAWESI AND SANGIHE ISLAND, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1705518042240" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="715B95FDDEA6215EC062E67F4D6024D9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E523293472252EF0F2917083F0398965">
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<mods:title id="84D077C3628439DBDFAF818E667D38F9">SYNOPSIS OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE NORTHERN ARM OF SULAWESI AND SANGIHE ISLAND, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="461D642585F18D4BE79E499AD73288F9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EC9D9F0E39CE369D2E599A534C046C49">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3AD4132024BDC957E55A93A5FD51ED47">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D0AF1740E021A906DD4CFC73230C8956">Ardi, W. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FC72FC56916A76B5A4653CB43700ED5D">Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia. E-mail: wisn 005 @ brin. go. id.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9366B65365D47CF709B38D88E32A63D1" type="email">wisn005@brin.go.id</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="7FE6B3A4D5829AC3BA313B0DAD36FE1B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4C9AFEDADEE758889C6E32358D06C0EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4A006A72A846778E9BF46359DC68AA09">Thomas, D. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A9670CEEA761AAAF9AFCA629FB524DD3">Research and Conservation, Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5141B9A05B32851C3448E8D44B3DDB6E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5D99B33112FC938C90C37583492BDA63">Edinburgh Journal of Botany</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2B40E504AB2863980278A6FBCA38BC53">
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<mods:date id="005DD544A7E4E8D8A364B31EA8DA77F6">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CAF06448A338B19351B5F6E85A8F88D0" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="8FC7D11003D3763ACAA34BCCEBAB7ED4">2022-08-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5A9E13342B901E1426D553C3FCD7CD16" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="53C414C8CDEC8D3328879568CC0A590C">79</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="54B4803145142A89B7D030ADA7BC6EFB" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="6D19A9072E62328145C2BBE4815DF966">405</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="DB6E816029B9200C953D3288DCD2BD27">http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2022.405</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="47ECD256EF1FC3360DD2A7AD2C51F271">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2C40D34D4C90AD7E63C28C672EAEA054" type="DOI">10.24823/EJB.2022.405</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C2F67BDA8350A772911B152DF53C1181" type="ISSN">1747-0036</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FFFE04FFB2FFC3FF9417A69F20FCC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524585" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10524585" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFFE04FFB2FFC3FF9417A69F20FCC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FFFE04FFB2FFC3FF9417A69F20FCC9" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB2FFC6FF9417A69977FB55" box="[121,1136,1177,1202]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB2FFC6FF9417A69977FB55" blockId="17.[121,1136,1177,1202]" box="[121,1136,1177,1202]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="D0A1F87EFFB2FFC6FF9417A69977FB55" box="[121,1136,1177,1202]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="2">
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FF9417A69D89FB55" bold="true" box="[121,142,1177,1202]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">7.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB2FFC6FF7817A69E35FB55" ID-CoL="7SFPR" authority="Warb. ex L. B. Sm & Wassh." authorityName="L. B. Sm & Wassh." box="[149,818,1177,1202]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" section="Petermannia" species="gemella">
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FF7817A69C54FB55" bold="true" box="[149,339,1177,1202]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Begonia gemella</emphasis>
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||
Warb. ex L.B.Sm & Wassh. [§
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FD4A17A69E35FB55" box="[679,818,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Petermannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
],
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||
<bibCitation id="5E7C477EFFB2FFC6FCA817A6996BFB55" box="[837,1132,1177,1202]" journal="Phytologia" page="443" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" score="4.864797368871433" volume="52" year="1983">Phytologia 52: 443 (1983)</bibCitation>
|
||
.
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB2FFC6FF751781997AFAC5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB2FFC6FF751781997AFAC5" blockId="17.[151,1160,1214,1314]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
–
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFB2FFC6FF4217819FB1FB1B" collectorName="Koorders, S. H." country="Indonesia" determinerName="Smith & Wasshausen" location="Minahasa" municipality="Type" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi" typeStatus="lectotype">
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||
Type:
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3410F82FFB2FFC6FF1F17819C65FB30" box="[242,354,1214,1239]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB2FFC6FE8117819CD4FB30" box="[364,467,1214,1239]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<location id="8E8919C9FFB2FFC6FE3117819F4AFB30" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFFE04FFB2FFC3FF9417A69F20FCC9:8E8919C9FFB2FFC6FE3117819F4AFB30" box="[476,589,1214,1239]" country="Indonesia" municipality="Type" name="Minahasa" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Sulawesi">Minahasa</location>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FDBB17819FF5FB30" box="[598,754,1214,1239]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFB2FFC6FDBB17819FF5FB30" box="[598,754,1214,1239]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Koorders, S.H.</collectorName>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
16243B (
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||
<typeStatus id="54EDF1B0FFB2FFC6FCB117819EC1FB30" box="[860,966,1214,1239]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
K [K000761119], designated by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC732E3FFB2FFC6FED117DC9FB5FB1B" author="Smith LB & Wasshausen DC" box="[316,690,1251,1276]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="153 - 156" refId="ref26707" refString="Smith LB, Wasshausen DC. 1983. Notes on Begonia I. Phytologia 52 (7): 441 - 451. Tebbitt MC. 2000. A new species of fleshy-fruited Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Sumatra. Blumea. 50 (1): 153 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 000651905 X 623337" type="journal article" year="1983">
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||
<determinerName id="7E35A3D6FFB2FFC6FED117DC9C79FB1B" box="[316,382,1251,1276]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Smith</determinerName>
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||
&
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||
<determinerName id="7E35A3D6FFB2FFC6FE7617DC9F2CFB1B" box="[411,555,1251,1276]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wasshausen</determinerName>
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||
[1983: 443]
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFB2FFC6FD5117DC9972FAC5" collectorName="Koorders, S. H." country="Indonesia" location="Minahasa" municipality="Type" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara" typeStatus="isolectotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54EDF1B0FFB2FFC6FD5117DC9E42FB1B" box="[700,837,1251,1276]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
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||
B [B100217767]).
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB2FFC6FBFA17DC9FBEFAC5" authority="Warb. ex Koord., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gemella">
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<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FBFA17DC9DE9FAC5" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Begonia gemella</emphasis>
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Warb. ex Koord., Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.
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</taxonomicName>
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||
-
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<bibCitation id="5E7C477EFFB2FFC6FD5216369E9FFAC5" box="[703,920,1289,1314]" journal="Indie" page="91" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" score="0.03719007966711898" volume="63" year="1904">Indië 63: 91 (1904)</bibCitation>
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, nom. nud.
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<figureCitation id="136D5397FFB2FFC6FBF416369972FAC5" box="[1049,1141,1289,1314]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="18.[121,185,1612,1634]" captionTargetBox="[121,1164,265,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-10@18.[121,1164,265,1593]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 5. Begonia gemella. A, Habit; B, stipule; C, male and female inflorescence; D, male flower (front view); E, female flower (side view); F, female flower (front view); G, fruit; H, fruit, dry capsule; I, ovary (cross-section of middle part). A–I from W.H. Ardi WI403. Photographs: W. H. Ardi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10524203/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FBF416369972FAC5" bold="true" box="[1049,1141,1289,1314]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figure 5</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FB9B1636997AFAC5" bold="true" box="[1142,1149,1289,1314]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">.</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB2FFC4FF941602998BFB9A" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB2FFC4FF941602998BFB9A" blockId="17.[121,1163,1341,1702]" lastBlockId="19.[121,1164,266,1149]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Perennial, monoecious herb, creeping up to c.
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<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB2FFC6FD9316029FA1FAB1" box="[638,678,1341,1366]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
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long.
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<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FD0116029E22FAB1" box="[748,805,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Stem</emphasis>
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creeping, internodes
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||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB2FFC6FBFB16029985FAB1" box="[1046,1154,1341,1366]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–4 cm</quantity>
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long, brownish-greenish, glabrous except for microscopical glandular hairs.
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<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FC21165C991EFA9B" box="[972,1049,1379,1404]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Leaves</emphasis>
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basifixed, alternate;
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<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FF0416B79C38FA46" box="[233,319,1416,1441]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">stipules</emphasis>
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persistent, 5–8 ×
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<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB2FFC6FDE716B79F6BFA46" box="[522,620,1416,1441]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
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, isophyllus, ovate, with an abaxially slightly prominent midrib, apex narrowed into a bristle projecting up to
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<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB2FFC6FCD316929E85FA21" box="[830,898,1453,1478]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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, margin entire, white-pinkish, translucent, abaxially glabrous;
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<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FDDA16EC9F89FA0B" box="[567,654,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">petioles</emphasis>
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||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB2FFC6FD7916EC9E08FA0B" box="[660,783,1491,1516]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="cm" value="9.25" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.5">7.5–11 cm</quantity>
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||
long, terete, concolorous with the stem, glabrous except for microscopic glandular hairs and very sparse pilose hairs on the joint of the petiole and lamina;
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FDEC15229F4CF9D1" box="[513,587,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">lamina</emphasis>
|
||
5–9.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB2FFC6FD4315229E1BF9D1" box="[686,796,1565,1590]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="cm" value="6.25" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–8 cm</quantity>
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||
, asymmetrical, broadly ovate to suborbicular, base cordate and lobes sometimes slightly overlapping, apex acuminate, margin denticulate to shallowly lobed, adaxial surface green, with red line along the margin, glabrous, abaxial surface pale green, glabrous;
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB2FFC6FD6715B29FE0F941" box="[650,743,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">venation</emphasis>
|
||
palmate-pinnate, primary veins 6–8, actinodromous, secondary veins craspedodromous.
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FD2512359E6FFEC4" box="[712,872,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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||
protogynous;
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||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FBE512359C1FFEAF" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">female inflorescences</emphasis>
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||
basal to male, single-flowered, peduncles
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||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FD1B12109E63FEAF" box="[758,868,303,328]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">7–11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, green-reddish, glabrous, bracts stipule-like, 5–6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FDEC126B9F43FE8A" box="[513,580,340,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ovate, reddish, glabrous, translucent, bracteoles persistent, anisophyllus, ovate to broadly ovate, c.3 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FD3C12459E13FE74" box="[721,788,378,403]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, reddish, glabrous, translucent;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FF9412A09C4EFE5F" box="[121,329,415,440]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">male inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||
a thyrse composed of up to 3 monochasial partial inflorescences with shortly developed internodes, each with up to 4 flowers, primary peduncle
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FC5012FB992EFE3A" box="[957,1065,452,477]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, partial inflorescence peduncle
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FE3E12D59F38FDE4" box="[467,575,490,515]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–4 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, shorter towards the apex, bracts persistent, stipule-like, 3–5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FEAB11309CAFFDCF" box="[326,424,527,552]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ovate, reddish, translucent, midrib slightly prominent projecting up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FF54110B9C08FDAA" box="[185,271,564,589]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
at the apex, bracteoles persistent, minute, hair-like.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FCB4110B9EE2FDAA" box="[857,997,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Male flowers</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FC1E110B9949FDAA" box="[1011,1102,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">pedicels</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FF9411659DF2FD94" box="[121,245,602,627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, white-pinkish, glabrous;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FDA511659F8CFD94" box="[584,651,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">tepals</emphasis>
|
||
2, white to white tinged with pink or greenish, 8.5–16.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FE8B11409CE3FD7F" box="[358,484,639,664]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13 mm</quantity>
|
||
, broadly ovate, base slightly cordate, apex rounded, outer surface glabrous;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FEA9119B9CC1FD5A" box="[324,454,676,701]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">androecium</emphasis>
|
||
of 75–77 stamens, yellow, filaments up to c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FC56119B9913FD5A" box="[955,1044,676,701]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, slightly fused at the very base, anthers up to c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FD6411F59FC0FD04" box="[649,711,714,739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, oblong to narrowly obovate, dehiscing through unilaterally positioned slits that are c.1/2 as long as the anthers.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FBCB11D09DCEFCCA" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Female flowers</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FF3B102B9C36FCCA" box="[214,305,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">pedicels</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FED4102B9CA0FCCA" box="[313,423,788,813]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, reddish-greenish, glabrous; bracteoles persistent,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FBF7102B995AFCCA" box="[1050,1117,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">tepals</emphasis>
|
||
5, white tinged with pink, 10–16 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FE0D10059F45FCB4" box="[480,578,826,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, obovate, outer surface glabrous;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FC5210059EFDFCB4" box="[959,1018,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">ovary</emphasis>
|
||
(excluding wings) c.10 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FEFA10609C7EFC9F" box="[279,377,863,888]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, narrowly obovate, red, glabrous, locules 3, placentation axile, placentae bilamellate, wings 3, equal, greenish-reddish, base rounded apex truncate to rounded, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FECF10959C64FC24" box="[290,355,938,963]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
at the widest point (apically or subapically);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FCB710959E8AFC24" box="[858,909,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">style</emphasis>
|
||
c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FC4B10959EEEFC24" box="[934,1001,938,963]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, basally fused, 3-branched, each stylodium bifurcate in the stigmatic region, stigmatic surface a spirally twisted papillose band, orange.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FDDB10CB9F74FBEA" box="[566,627,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FD6D10CB9FF7FBEA" box="[640,752,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">peduncles</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FD1A10CB9E62FBEA" box="[759,869,1012,1037]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="7.0">7–13 mm</quantity>
|
||
long;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FC4710CB9902FBEA" box="[938,1029,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">pedicels</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FBE110CB997DFBEA" box="[1036,1146,1012,1037]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8–11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, bracteoles persistent;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FE5D17259F77FBD4" box="[432,624,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">seed-bearing part</emphasis>
|
||
(excluding the wings) 11–12 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FC3917259931FBD4" box="[980,1078,1050,1075]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, obovate, glabrous, dehiscent, splitting along the wing attachment, wing shape as for ovary, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FF57175B9DFCFB9A" box="[186,251,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
at the widest point (apically or subapically).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FD1E175B9E31FB9A" box="[755,822,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
barrel-shaped, c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FC1E175B994AFB9A" box="[1011,1101,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF291F9AFFB1FFC5FF9415739EB1F943" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524203" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10524203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10524203/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[121,185,1612,1634]" targetBox="[121,1164,265,1593]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB1FFC5FF9415739EB1F943" blockId="18.[121,1137,1612,1700]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB1FFC5FF9415739DD6F985" bold="true" box="[121,209,1612,1634]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB1FFC5FF3415739C7BF985" box="[217,380,1612,1634]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gemella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB1FFC5FF3415739C7BF985" box="[217,380,1612,1634]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Begonia gemella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, Habit; B, stipule; C, male and female inflorescence; D, male flower (front view); E, female flower (side view); F, female flower (front view); G, fruit; H, fruit, dry capsule; I, ovary (cross-section of middle part). A–I from
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB1FFC5FDFF15B19F6BF943" box="[530,620,1678,1700]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">W.H. Ardi</emphasis>
|
||
WI403. Photographs: W. H. Ardi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB0FFC4FF9417A69E9CFB30" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB0FFC4FF9417A69E9CFB30" blockId="19.[121,1076,1177,1239]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FF9417A69DF0FB55" box="[121,247,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3410F82FFB0FFC4FEE817A69C71FB55" box="[261,374,1177,1202]" name="Indonesia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
: endemic to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB0FFC4FDE817A69F6BFB55" box="[517,620,1177,1202]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB0FFC4FD9817A69E8EFB55" box="[629,905,1177,1202]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">North Sulawesi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
(eastern North biogeographical region), Southeast Minahasa, Ratatotok (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="136D5397FFB0FFC4FCC217819E8CFB30" box="[815,907,1214,1239]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[121,185,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[121,1164,265,1554]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[121,1164,265,1554]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution maps of Begonia species occurring on the northern arm of Sulawesi. Distribution points are from georeferenced collections from major herbarium collections (B, BO, E, K, KRB, L, SING), the Begonia Resource Centre (Hughes et al., 2015–) and the Sulawesi Begonia Data Portal (Thomas et al., 2013, continuously updated)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10524197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10524197/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FCC217819E8CFB30" bold="true" box="[815,907,1214,1239]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 2</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB0FFC4FF9417CD9F65FAD6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB0FFC4FF9417CD9F65FAD6" blockId="19.[121,1134,1266,1329]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FF9417CD9DCEFAEC" box="[121,201,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. This species grows on lowland limestone karst walls, in disturbed habitats, in half shade to full shade, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FE9416279CE9FAD6" box="[377,494,1304,1329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="135.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="20.0">20–250 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB0FFC4FF9416739FB2FA6C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB0FFC4FF9416739FB2FA6C" blockId="19.[121,1070,1356,1419]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FF9416739DEBFA82" box="[121,236,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The name is derived from Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FD8D16739FC3FA82" box="[608,708,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">gemellus</emphasis>
|
||
(‘a twin’, ‘twin-born’), probably in reference to the few-flowered male inflorescences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB0FFC4FF9416999E59F978" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB0FFC4FF9416999E59F978" blockId="19.[121,1141,1446,1695]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FF9416999F1CFA58" box="[121,539,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Proposed IUCN conservation category</emphasis>
|
||
. Critically Endangered (CR), B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB0FFC4FF9716F49C37FA03" box="[122,304,1483,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gemella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB0FFC4FF9716F49C37FA03" box="[122,304,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Begonia gemella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from only two collections from small patches of limestone karst in Ratatotok, Southeast Minahasa. The area is not legally protected, and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EDF1B0FFB0FFC4FC3E16CE9904F9ED" box="[979,1027,1521,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is in a very accessible area at a roadside. Potential threats, such as mineral mining activities and agriculture (coconut and cocoa plantations), were observed in the vicinity. Given the very small AOO (
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB0FFC4FED9155E9C6AF99D" box="[308,365,1633,1658]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C23E25AFFB0FFC4FE80155F9C72F988" attach="left" box="[365,373,1632,1647]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2</superScript>
|
||
), this indicates that the species should be considered Critically Endangered (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC732E3FFB0FFC4FEE115B99E49F978" author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Subcommittee" box="[268,846,1670,1695]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref26226" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Downloadable from http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf" type="book" year="2019">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB7FFC3FF9412369C36FE64" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB7FFC3FF9412369C36FE64" blockId="20.[121,1148,265,387]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FF9412369CB5FEF8" box="[121,434,265,287]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFB7FFC3FE5312369E13FEA6" collectionCode="KRB" collectorName="Minahasa, W. H & Ardi, WI" country="Indonesia" location="Sulawesi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3410F82FFB7FFC3FE5312369F24FEF8" box="[446,547,265,287]" name="Indonesia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB7FFC3FDC212369F8BFEF8" box="[559,652,265,287]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FD7B12369E3DFEF8" bold="true" box="[662,826,265,287]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Northern arm of</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FCAD12369E9DFEF8" bold="true" box="[832,922,265,287]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Sulawesi</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FC4B12369DD3FEA6" bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eastern North Sulawesi</emphasis>
|
||
: Cultivated, Ratatotok,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFB7FFC3FE5612149F54FEA6" box="[443,595,299,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Minahasa,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FDC412149F54FEA6" box="[553,595,299,321]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">W.H</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFB7FFC3FDB012149FAEFEA6" box="[605,681,299,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ardi, WI</collectorName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FD4212149FD5FEA6" box="[687,722,299,321]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FD3012149E09FEA6" box="[733,782,299,321]" collectionName="KRB" country="Indonesia" name="Kebun Raya Bogor" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">KRB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFB7FFC3FCF012149E38FE85" collectingDate="2019-02-03" collectionCode="BO, CEB, FIPIA, SING" collectorName="W. H. Ardi" country="Indonesia" county="Basaan" location="Southeast Minahasa" municipality="Ratatotok" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB7FFC3FCF012149E7EFEA6" box="[797,889,299,321]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="6288379EFFB7FFC3FC6C12149EC9FEA6" box="[897,974,299,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Basaan</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8DD568FFB7FFC3FC3A1214993CFEA6" box="[983,1083,299,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ratatotok</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8919C9FFB7FFC3FF9412739C4CFE85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FFFE04FFB2FFC3FF9417A69F20FCC9:8E8919C9FFB7FFC3FF9412739C4CFE85" box="[121,331,332,354]" country="Indonesia" county="Basaan" municipality="Ratatotok" name="Southeast Minahasa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Sulawesi">Southeast Minahasa</location>
|
||
:
|
||
<date id="FFE869D2FFB7FFC3FEB912739CAAFE85" box="[340,429,332,354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2019-02-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAC903AFFB7FFC3FEB912739CAAFE85" box="[340,429,332,354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2019-02-03">3 ii 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FE5B12739F17FE85" box="[438,528,332,354]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFB7FFC3FE5B12739F17FE85" box="[438,528,332,354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">W.H. Ardi</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
WI402 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FD8E12739F83FE85" box="[611,644,332,354]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15186" name="Herbarium Bogoriense" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">BO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FD6012739FBEFE85" box="[653,697,332,354]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14168" name="Tadulako University" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">CEB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FD2C12739FFEFE85" box="[705,761,332,354]" collectionName="FIPIA" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13104" name="Institut Teknologi Bandung" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">FIPIA</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FCEF12739E3DFE85" box="[770,826,332,354]" collectionName="SING" country="Singapore" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15640" name="Singapore Botanic Gardens" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">SING</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3E454FFFB7FFC3FCA512739C2AFE64" collectingDate="2019-02-03" collectionCode="BO, CEB, FIPIA, SING" collectorName="W. H. Ardi" country="Indonesia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern">
|
||
<date id="FFE869D2FFB7FFC3FCA512739EA6FE85" box="[840,929,332,354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2019-02-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAC903AFFB7FFC3FCA512739EA6FE85" box="[840,929,332,354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2019-02-03">3 ii 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FC4712739903FE85" box="[938,1028,332,354]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A32AC4FFB7FFC3FC4712739903FE85" box="[938,1028,332,354]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">W.H. Ardi</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
WI403 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FBBA1273997FFE85" box="[1111,1144,332,354]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15186" name="Herbarium Bogoriense" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">BO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FF9712529DA1FE64" box="[122,166,365,387]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14168" name="Tadulako University" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">CEB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FF4312529DE1FE64" box="[174,230,365,387]" collectionName="FIPIA" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13104" name="Institut Teknologi Bandung" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">FIPIA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED47D7D7FFB7FFC3FF0212529C2FFE64" box="[239,296,365,387]" collectionName="SING" country="Singapore" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15640" name="Singapore Botanic Gardens" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Herbarium">SING</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C1C99FFB7FFC3FF94129F9F20FCC9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE94F12FFB7FFC3FF94129F9F20FCC9" blockId="20.[121,1164,416,814]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Creeping stems are relatively rare in the large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB7FFC3FD93129F9EC5FE5E" box="[638,962,416,441]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Petermannia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FD93129F9FD0FE5E" box="[638,727,416,441]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Begonia</emphasis>
|
||
section
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FCDA129F9EC5FE5E" box="[823,962,416,441]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Petermannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but can be found in several species endemic to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499281F0FFB7FFC3FDFB12FA9F7CFE39" box="[534,635,453,478]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB7FFC3FD6712FA9FF9FE39" box="[650,766,453,478]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carnosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FD6712FA9FF9FE39" box="[650,766,453,478]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. carnosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB7FFC3FCE712FA9ECFFE39" authority="Irmsch." authorityName="Irmsch." box="[778,968,453,478]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flacca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FCE712FA9E6EFE39" box="[778,873,453,478]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. flacca</emphasis>
|
||
Irmsch.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB7FFC3FC3C12FA9943FE39" box="[977,1092,453,478]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gemella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FC3C12FA9943FE39" box="[977,1092,453,478]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. gemella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB7FFC3FF9412D49F12FDE3" authority="Ardi & D. C. Thomas" authorityName="Ardi & D. C. Thomas" box="[121,533,491,516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mattampensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FF9412D49C33FDE3" box="[121,308,491,516]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. mattampensis</emphasis>
|
||
Ardi & D.C.Thomas
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB7FFC3FDCB12D49FDAFDE3" box="[550,733,491,516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gemella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FDCB12D49FDAFDE3" box="[550,733,491,516]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Begonia gemella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C563491FFB7FFC3FC8312D49EE5FDE3" box="[878,994,491,516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carnosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9229300FFB7FFC3FC8312D49EE5FDE3" box="[878,994,491,516]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. carnosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that it has a creeping stem and grows in limestone karst habitats, but it differs by its glabrous stem and petiole (vs sparsely to moderately hairy stem and petioles), 1-flowered female inflorescences and a shorter peduncle
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB7FFC3FDC211649FB7FD93" box="[559,688,603,628]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="cm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long (vs [1- or] 2-flowered, peduncle
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB7FFC3FF9411BF9DD7FD7E" box="[121,208,640,665]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long), and the male inflorescence is a thyrse composed of up to 3 monochasial partial inflorescences with shortly developed internodes, each with up to 4 flowers, and partial inflorescence peduncle
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB7FFC3FE3E11F49F2DFD03" box="[467,554,715,740]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 cm</quantity>
|
||
long (vs a thyrse composed of up to 3 cymose partial inflorescences, each branching dichasially with up to 5–8 flowers, and peduncles of the partial inflorescences
|
||
<quantity id="4CAEE2F7FFB7FFC3FE9F102A9CD9FCC9" box="[370,478,789,814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="cm" value="4.75" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–7 cm</quantity>
|
||
long).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |