299 lines
37 KiB
XML
299 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="507BEDC2CC76B0ACE56E12AA03DB59D4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5377883" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5377883" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630283634281" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Bonis, Louis de" docDate="2005" docId="03F987EDB150335EFCF8FF77FCBE76B5" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2005.27.4.567-590.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 27 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:94524207C6714CF92F879FE43E306202.3:Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="94524207C6714CF92F879FE43E306202" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Felis attica Wagner 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="579" masterDocId="FFC0FF95B15B3353FFEAFB7BFFA57730" masterDocTitle="Carnivora (Mammalia) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey" masterLastPageNumber="589" masterPageNumber="567" pageNumber="578" updateTime="1699213647940" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="962B0A408D1EE50419085C47E6122A08">
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<mods:title id="BAC6D429FCB7E2C3EB0ADD8B74D30EA6">Carnivora (Mammalia) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C657D792B2CB56C0DA65025CC6CD5450" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6A34BFCD17FBD96AA95094CF22827809">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4B7941FB965070626F3018F841C3655F">Bonis, Louis de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5A9038873D249C9B5E6B147FECE35493">Laboratoire de Géobiologie, Biochronologie et Paléontologie humaine, UMR 6046 du CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du recteur Pineau, F- 86022 Poitiers (France) louis. debonis @ univ-poitiers. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="621F3404A8B27498910C527DAD59EEFE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3403E217ED415BC7F11835A02590FD39">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B577BFB9C1275D7871CF291BABD5D0D8">
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<mods:date id="A1006894620B34A8DE735DEF96009BE0">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="380AAAA689AB702256636E1F3112B410" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E74E28DC46D92CBFFB708C04772B3375">27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5B1B0EFE442DC206B6DA98531AE32A37">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="97475488E5A3C52F3DF9B4B76B93DF7A">567</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0B879A8EE8F65D72C2168CE0BD205737">589</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="4D2B0A54B5CEE691ED2D9B91FE3ADD85">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AB5BB1C5430EF829D7B1A9DD86A2E3DA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5377883</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DA7AF0D7605F9F3B53D6F19ED9DD85D9" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4918AE239B608E1D7C493379233D3A9A" type="Zenodo-Dep">5377883</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F987EDB150335EFCF8FF77FCBE76B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F987EDB150335EFCF8FF77FCBE76B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F987EDB150335EFCF8FF77FCBE76B5" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
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<subSubSection id="C34A6570B1503358FCF8FF77FBEE7315" box="[786,1099,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB1503358FCF8FF77FBEE7315" blockId="11.[676,1209,1036,1125]" box="[786,1099,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
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<heading id="D0A78197B1503358FCF8FF77FBEE7315" box="[786,1099,1036,1061]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B1503358FCF8FF77FBEE7315" authority="Wagner, 1857" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1857" box="[786,1099,1036,1061]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FCF8FF77FCE67315" bold="true" box="[786,835,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Felis</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FC81FF77FC0C7315" bold="true" box="[875,937,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">attica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB1503358FC5AFF77FBEE7315" author="WAGNER A." box="[944,1099,1036,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" refId="ref14777" refString="WAGNER A. 1857. - Neue Beitrage zur Kenntniss der fossilen Saugethier-Ueberreste von Pikermi." type="book" year="1857">Wagner, 1857</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34A6570B1503358FD4EFF4FFD7A7355" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB1503358FD4EFF4FFD7A7355" blockId="11.[676,1209,1036,1125]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">MATERIAL. — Piece of left maxilla (AKK-212) with C-P4.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF2F6673B1503358FF9BFF15FDE47399" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5377903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377903/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" startId="11.[113,124,1134,1151]" targetBox="[176,585,212,1098]" targetPageId="11">
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB1503358FF9BFF15FDE47399" blockId="11.[113,646,1134,1193]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
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FIG. 10. —
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B1503358FF22FF15FE9C734F" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1857" box="[200,313,1134,1151]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FF22FF15FF4B734F" box="[200,238,1134,1151]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Felis</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FEE6FF15FE9C734F" box="[268,313,1134,1151]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">attica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, piece of left maxilla with C-P4 AKK-212 (drawings), Akkaşdağı, late Miocene (Turolian), Turkey;
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FDD6FFF8FDEC73A4" bold="true" box="[572,585,1155,1172]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">A</emphasis>
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, lateral view;
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FF4BFFE3FF0B7399" bold="true" box="[161,174,1176,1193]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">B</emphasis>
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||
, medial view;
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FECFFFE3FE967399" bold="true" box="[293,307,1176,1193]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">C</emphasis>
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, occlusal view. Scale bar: 1 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C34A6570B150335EFD4EFFF7FCBE76B5" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB1503358FD4EFFF7FBD87395" blockId="11.[676,1209,1164,1701]" box="[676,1149,1164,1189]" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
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DESCRIPTION (
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<figureCitation id="136B2A7EB1503358FCAFFFF7FC327395" box="[837,919,1164,1189]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,1134,1151]" captionTargetBox="[176,585,212,1098]" captionTargetId="figure-1728@11.[120,646,203,1112]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 10. — Felis cf. attica, piece of left maxilla with C-P4 AKK-212 (drawings), Akkaşdağı, late Miocene (Turolian), Turkey; A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, occlusal view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377903/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">FIG. 10</figureCitation>
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; APPENDIX:
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<tableCitation id="C6D20340B1503358FBF1FFF7FBD17395" box="[1051,1140,1164,1189]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="22.[113,124,1070,1087]" captionText="TABLE 2. — Measurements of upper teeth of Felis cf. attica. Abbreviations: b, breadth; ba, anterior breadth; bms, breadth of the metastyle; L, total length; Lms, length of the metastyle; Lpa, length of the paracone." pageId="11" pageNumber="578">TABLE 2</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB150335FFD4EFFD7FEA27555" blockId="11.[676,1209,1164,1701]" lastBlockId="12.[113,646,204,613]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">
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A small feline (
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<figureCitation id="136B2A7EB1503358FCA1FFD7FC3C73F5" box="[843,921,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,1134,1151]" captionTargetBox="[176,585,212,1098]" captionTargetId="figure-1728@11.[120,646,203,1112]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 10. — Felis cf. attica, piece of left maxilla with C-P4 AKK-212 (drawings), Akkaşdağı, late Miocene (Turolian), Turkey; A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, occlusal view. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5377903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5377903/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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) a little larger than a wild cat and reaching the size of the serval is represent- ed in Akkaşdagwı by an undistorted fragment of a left maxilla with the zygomatic arch and bearing C-P4 (AKK-212). On the maxilla, the quite large pear-shaped infra-orbital foramen is above the anterior root of P3. The muzzle seems to have been very high, relatively short and steeply forwardly inclined. The zygomatic arch is robust, high and it bears a strong lateral antero-posterior ridge like in most felines. In ventral view, the temporal fossa appears to be narrower than in other cats of similar size, like
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B1503358FBC5FD57FCFD7155" authority="Severtzov, 1858" authorityName="Severtzov" authorityYear="1858" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Leptailurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FBC5FD57FB1C7175" box="[1071,1209,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Leptailurus</emphasis>
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Severtzov, 1858
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B1503358FC69FD37FBDE7155" authority="Gray, 1852" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1852" box="[899,1147,1612,1637]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Leopardus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="11" pageNumber="578" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B1503358FC69FD37FC557155" box="[899,1008,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="578">Leopardus</emphasis>
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Gray, 1852
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</taxonomicName>
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. The canine is robust and laterally flattened, especially on the lingual face; there is only a posterior crest, a little worn near the tip of the crown. P2 is very small with a somewhat laterally flattened asymmetric crown; there is a diastema between canine and premolar, and another between P2 and P3. The P3 is high, without an anterior accessory cusp but with a small posterior cingular cusp. On P4, the parastyle is small, smaller for instance than in
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFF23FAD7FE9B76F5" authorityName="Severtzov" authorityYear="1858" box="[201,318,428,453]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Leptailurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF23FAD7FE9B76F5" box="[201,318,428,453]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Leptailurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and there is no ectoparastyle (preparastyle); the paracone and metastyle are lengthened; the protocone is more reduced than in the modern felines and it passes by a little the level of the parastyle. The first molar is absent on the specimen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB157335FFF9BF9F7FEA97594" blockId="12.[113,646,652,1701]" box="[113,268,652,677]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">COMPARISONS</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB157335FFF9BF9D7FB857635" blockId="12.[113,646,652,1701]" lastBlockId="12.[676,1210,204,1701]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">
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The small felines are rare in sites of the late Miocene. The first specimens were described by Kaup (1833) under the names
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFE33F997FDF67435" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1833" box="[473,595,748,773]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prisca">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE33F997FDF67435" box="[473,595,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Felis prisca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFF9BF877FE967415" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1833" box="[113,307,780,805]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antediluviana">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF9BF877FF257415" box="[113,128,780,805]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF79F877FE967415" box="[147,307,780,805]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">antediluviana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Both came from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFDA8F877FF617475" class="Mammalia" family="Deinotheriidae" genus="Dinotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Uranotheria" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFDA8F877FF617475" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Dinotherium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sands of the late Miocene (Vallesian) of Eppelsheim.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFF17F837FE017455" author="WAGNER A." box="[253,420,844,869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" refId="ref14777" refString="WAGNER A. 1857. - Neue Beitrage zur Kenntniss der fossilen Saugethier-Ueberreste von Pikermi." type="book" year="1857">Wagner (1857)</bibRefCitation>
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described, under the name
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFF5EF817FE8174B5" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1857" box="[180,292,876,901]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF5EF817FE8174B5" box="[180,292,876,901]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Felis attica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the anterior part of a calvarium accompanied by its mandible, currently housed in the Palaeontological Museum of Munich. The lower jaw was not separated from the calvarium until recently, so the observation of the dentition was difficult. A fragment of maxilla from M a r a g h a (I r a n) h a s b e e n p u b l i s h e d b y d e
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFF9BFF37FEFC7355" author="MECQUENEM R. DE" box="[113,345,1100,1125]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref13459" refString="MECQUENEM R. DE 1924 - 1925. - Contribution a l'etude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paleontologie 13 - 14: 135 - 160; 1 - 36." type="book chapter" year="1924">Mecquenem (1924</bibRefCitation>
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-1925) and a skull from “V a t i l ü k” (n o w a d a y s V a t h y l a k k o s 3) n e a r Thessaloniki (
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<collectingCountry id="F347766BB157335FFEE0FFF7FEF27395" box="[266,343,1164,1189]" name="Greece" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Greece</collectingCountry>
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) by Arambourg F Piveteau (1929) as
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFF0EFFD7FEFC73F5" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1857" box="[228,345,1196,1221]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF0EFFD7FEFC73F5" box="[228,345,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Felis attica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFE69FFD7FDA673F5" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1857" box="[387,515,1196,1221]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
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||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE69FFD7FE3773F5" box="[387,402,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
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||
. cf.
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE2DFFD7FDA673F5" box="[455,515,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">attica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both from the late Miocene. Another skull from the late Miocene of Samos (
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<collectingCountry id="F347766BB157335FFEBDFF97FE017235" box="[343,420,1260,1285]" name="Greece" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Greece</collectingCountry>
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) and housed in the Museum of Lausanne, had been published by M a j o r (1 8 9 1) a s
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFEA7FE57FEF97275" box="[333,348,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE98FE57FE017275" box="[370,420,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">n e a s</emphasis>
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M a j o r, 1 8 9 1 b u t renamed with the same name by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFE09FE37FD237255" author="PILGRIM G. E." box="[483,646,1356,1381]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" refId="ref13969" refString="PILGRIM G. E. 1931. - Catalogue of the Pontian Carnivora of Europe. Department of Geology, British Museum, London, 174 p." type="book" year="1931">Pilgrim (1931)</bibRefCitation>
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who did not consider the designation of Major valid. The same skull has been also considered as close to
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<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFF25FED7FE5E72F5" authority="(Beaumont 1961)" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[207,507,1452,1477]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF25FED7FF7B72F5" box="[207,222,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF05FED7FE8F72F5" box="[239,298,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">attica</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFED7FED7FE5772F5" author="BEAUMONT G. DE" box="[317,498,1452,1477]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="17 - 45" refId="ref12065" refString="BEAUMONT G. DE 1961. - Recherches sur Felis attica Wagner du Pontien eurasiatique avec quelques observations sur les genres Pseudaelurus Gervais et Proailurus Filhol. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon 6: 17 - 45." type="journal article" year="1961">Beaumont 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Some fragmentary late Miocene remains of small felines have also been assigned to one of the previous species sometimes without figuration or description. This is the case, for example, of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFDC3FD57FD237175" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[553,646,1580,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFDC3FD57FD9D7175" box="[553,568,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFDA3FD57FD237175" box="[585,646,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Schmidt-Kittler 1976;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFE70FD37FDD87155" author="AZANZA B. & CERDENO E. & GINSBURG L. & VAN DER MADE J. & MORALES J. & TASSY P." box="[410,637,1612,1637]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="105 - 153" refId="ref11991" refString="AZANZA B., CERDENO E., GINSBURG L., VAN DER MADE J., MORALES J. F TASSY P. 1993. - Les grands mammiferes du Miocene inferieur d'Artesilla, bassin de Calatayud-Teruel (province de Saragosse, Espagne). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 4 e ser., s ect. C, 15 (1 - 4): 105 - 153." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
Azanza
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE13FD37FD887155" box="[505,557,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFF9BFD17FEFC71B5" author="MORALES J. & NIETO M. & KOHLER M. & SOLA S." box="[113,345,1644,1669]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="113 - 126" refId="ref13567" refString="MORALES J., NIETO M., KOHLER M. F MOYA- SOLA S. 1999. - Large mammals from the Vallesian of Spain, in AGUSTI J., ROOK L. F ANDREWS P. (eds), The Evolution of Neogene Terrestrial Ecosystems in Europe. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 113 - 126." type="book chapter" year="1999">
|
||
Morales
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFF33FD17FEAF71B5" box="[217,266,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFE9FFD17FF087195" authority="Kaup, 1833" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1833" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antediluviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE9FFD17FE2171B5" box="[373,388,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE7DFD17FD9371B5" box="[407,566,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">antediluviana</emphasis>
|
||
Kaup, 1833
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Morales F Soria 1979),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFE1AFDF7FC4077D5" authority="Kaup, 1833" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1833" box="[496,997,204,1701]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prisca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFE1AFDF7FE5A7195" box="[496,511,1676,1701]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
. aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFDA9FDF7FD237195" box="[579,646,1676,1701]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">prisca</emphasis>
|
||
Kaup, 1833 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFCABFBB7FC7E77D5" author="NICOLAS P. J." box="[833,987,204,229]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="455 - 458" refId="ref13666" refString="NICOLAS P. J. 1978. - Un nouveau gisement de Vertebres dans le Chersonien: Kutchuk- Tchekmedje Ouest (Thrace turque). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences 287: 455 - 458." type="journal article" year="1978">Nicolas 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFC1CFBB7FBF777D5" box="[1014,1106,204,229]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFC1CFBB7FB8D77D5" box="[1014,1064,204,229]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Felis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFB8FFBB7FD7A7635" author="KRETZOI M." pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref13127" refString="KRETZOI M. 1952. - Die Raubtiere der Hipparionfauna von Polgardi. Annales Instituti Geologici Publici Hungarici 40 (3): 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1952">Kretzoi 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFD00FB97FCEF7635" author="QI G." box="[746,842,236,261]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref14027" refString="QI G. 1983. - Description of Carnivora fossils from Lufeng. Acta Anthropologica Sinica 2 (1): 11 - 20 (in Chinese with English abstract)." type="journal article" year="1983">Qi 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Qiu F
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFC4FFB97FBB17635" author="QIU Z. & QIU Z." box="[933,1044,236,261]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="41 - 70" refId="ref14059" refString="QIU Z. F QIU Z. 1995. - Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 116: 41 - 70." type="journal article" year="1995">Qiu 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB157335FFD4EFA77FB9872F5" blockId="12.[676,1210,204,1701]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">
|
||
Both
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EB8859B157335FFD0FFA77FCB17615" box="[741,788,268,293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFC5DFA77FB237615" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1833" box="[951,1158,268,293]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antediluviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFC5DFA77FB237615" box="[951,1158,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Felis antediluviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFD4EFA57FCA67675" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1833" box="[676,771,300,325]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prisca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFD4EFA57FD167675" box="[676,691,300,325]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFD2FFA57FCA67675" box="[709,771,300,325]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">prisca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are larger than the Akkaşdagwı maxilla (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFD47FA37FC827655" author="KAUP J. - J." box="[685,807,332,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" refId="ref12877" refString="KAUP J. - J. 1832 - 1839. - Description d'ossements fossiles de mammiferes inconnus jusqu'a present qui se trouvent au Museum grand ducal de Darmstadt. Heyer J. G., Darmstadt, 122 p." type="book" year="1832">Kaup 1832</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and they probably do not belong to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFCE5FA17FC9976B5" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[783,828,364,389]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFCE5FA17FC9976B5" box="[783,828,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Felis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. So we shall compare only our specimens with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFCCDFAF7FC257695" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[807,896,396,421]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFCCDFAF7FC937695" box="[807,822,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFCACFAF7FC257695" box="[838,896,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFC51FAF7FBA37695" box="[955,1030,396,421]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFC51FAF7FC6F7695" box="[955,970,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFC30FAF7FBA37695" box="[986,1030,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">neas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFBFFFAF7FB1C7695" author="PILGRIM G. E." box="[1045,1209,396,421]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" refId="ref13969" refString="PILGRIM G. E. 1931. - Catalogue of the Pontian Carnivora of Europe. Department of Geology, British Museum, London, 174 p." type="book" year="1931">Pilgrim (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attempted to specify differences between the two species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFD16FAB7FCF676D5" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[764,851,460,485]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFD16FAB7FCAE76D5" box="[764,779,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFCF3FAB7FCF676D5" box="[793,851,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a little bigger than the present European wild cat with an elongated skull and a muzzle that is relatively longer than the occiput. The teeth are rather strong, P2 is small, P3 is provided with a small posterior accessory cusp and P4 with an ectoparastyle (preparastyle) and a more reduced protocone than in extant felids except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFD05F9D7FCFD75F5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1852" box="[751,856,684,709]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Leopardus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFD05F9D7FCFD75F5" box="[751,856,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Leopardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. M1 is relatively larger than that of the cat. For
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFC88F9B7FBBE75D5" author="PILGRIM G. E." box="[866,1051,716,741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" refId="ref13969" refString="PILGRIM G. E. 1931. - Catalogue of the Pontian Carnivora of Europe. Department of Geology, British Museum, London, 174 p." type="book" year="1931">Pilgrim (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFBCCF9B7FBDF75D5" box="[1062,1146,716,741]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFBCCF9B7FB9075D5" box="[1062,1077,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFBA3F9B7FBDF75D5" box="[1097,1146,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">neas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is of medium size, a little larger with a relatively more slender skull than in any other species, but with a short muzzle and a stretched out occipital region. The orbits are elongated antero-posteriorly, the post-orbital process is not prominent, the zygomatic arch slightly projecting to the outside, so the temporal cavity is longer than broad, the jugal process of the zygomatic overhangs the infra-orbital foramen, which is pear-shaped, the lachrymal is bounded above by a sharp ridge above which are the flat, rather broad nasals, while below the face falls very steeply to the alveolar margin. The upper canine is oval in cross-section. P2 is rather long, and separated from the canine. P3 has a small posterior accessory cusp but no anterior cusp or cingulum. The carnassial does not have an ectoparastyle. But from the study of the skull in the Lausanne Museum,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFCFDFE57FC7B7275" author="BEAUMONT G. DE" box="[791,990,1324,1349]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="17 - 45" refId="ref12065" refString="BEAUMONT G. DE 1961. - Recherches sur Felis attica Wagner du Pontien eurasiatique avec quelques observations sur les genres Pseudaelurus Gervais et Proailurus Filhol. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon 6: 17 - 45." type="journal article" year="1961">Beaumont (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reached a different conclusion. A careful comparison with the specimens from Pikermi shows that there are only slight differences between them and they must belong to the same species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFC2DFED7FB9372F5" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[967,1078,1452,1477]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFC2DFED7FB9372F5" box="[967,1078,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">Felis attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEF36FBB157335EFD4EFEB7FCBE76B5" blockId="12.[676,1210,204,1701]" lastBlockId="13.[676,1210,204,389]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">
|
||
A survey of the small feline of “Salonika” has recently been undertaken (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFC22FE97FBF37135" author="KOUFOS G. D." box="[968,1110,1516,1541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" pagination="51 - 92" refId="ref13070" refString="KOUFOS G. D. 2000. - Revision of the late Miocene carnivores from the Axios valley, Macedonia, Greece. Munchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen 39: 51 - 92." type="journal article" year="2000">Koufos 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the author took this opportunity to review the description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EB8859B157335FFC8EFD57FC307175" box="[868,917,1580,1605]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B157335FFBDFFD57FB317175" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1077,1172,1580,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFBDFFD57FBE17175" box="[1077,1092,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B157335FFBBFFD57FB317175" box="[1109,1172,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="579">attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It seems not to possess an ectoparastyle, contrary to the affirmation of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14B0AB157335FFC6EFD17FB9171B5" author="PILGRIM G. E." box="[900,1076,1644,1669]" pageId="12" pageNumber="579" refId="ref13969" refString="PILGRIM G. E. 1931. - Catalogue of the Pontian Carnivora of Europe. Department of Geology, British Museum, London, 174 p." type="book" year="1931">Pilgrim (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
which was a result of the figures of the specimen of Vathylakkos which was better described at this time than that of Pikermi.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B156335EFE76FFD7FE5073F5" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[412,501,1196,1221]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="13" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B156335EFE76FFD7FE0E73F5" box="[412,427,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="580">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B156335EFE51FFD7FE5073F5" box="[443,501,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="580">attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
did not possess an ectoparastyle, as it is the case in the specimens of Samos, Maragha and Akkaşdagwı. Therefore Vathylakkos constitutes an exception in this respect and one may wonder about the importance of this character in the diagnosis of the species. The size is rather variable between all these specimens. The length of the upper carnassial can vary between 1 2.3 and 1 3.0 mm (Appendix:
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D20340B156335EFF18FEB7FEE372D5" box="[242,326,1484,1509]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="22.[113,124,1070,1087]" captionText="TABLE 2. — Measurements of upper teeth of Felis cf. attica. Abbreviations: b, breadth; ba, anterior breadth; bms, breadth of the metastyle; L, total length; Lms, length of the metastyle; Lpa, length of the paracone." pageId="13" pageNumber="580">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) with a mean of 12.85 and a standard deviation of 0.46 for only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D56FD72B156335EFDE7FE97FF0F7115" pageId="13" pageNumber="580" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
. In the extant European wild cat,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B156335EFDC6FD77FEFE7175" authority="Schreber, 1777" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1777" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="13" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B156335EFDC6FD77FF0A7175" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="580">Felis sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
Schreber, 1777
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the mean is 10.89 and the standard deviation is 0.69 for
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D56FD72B156335EFE56FD37FDEB7155" box="[444,590,1612,1637]" pageId="13" pageNumber="580" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(original data from S. Peigné). It seems that the size of the different specimens could correspond to a single species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B156335EFCABFBB7FC1477D5" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[833,945,204,229]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="13" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B156335EFCABFBB7FC1477D5" box="[833,945,204,229]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="580">Felis attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless AKK-212 differs a little from the other specimens in the height of the maxilla and its steepler inclination. It is probably better to consider it as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C504D78B156335EFBDEFA57FD1F7655" baseAuthorityName="Beaumont" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="13" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="attica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B156335EFBDEFA57FBC67675" box="[1076,1123,300,325]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="580">Felis</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B924EAE9B156335EFB66FA57FD1F7655" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="580">attica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
until the cranial variation of this species is better known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |