186 lines
20 KiB
XML
186 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="127E9AE47F90FEBCD7B6C0062067B1B0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8009259" ID-ZooBank="532B2D51-C0E0-4769-AB3B-016CCEA7454B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1686033206710" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Davidian, Elena M., Manukyan, Andranik R. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A." docDate="2023" docId="03C387C3E903FFD3CEB184BCFA0AFACB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5297.4.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5297 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5297.4.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ephedrus Haliday 1833" docType="key" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="592" masterDocId="FFFAFFBBE906FFD6CE26850BFF97FFC1" masterDocTitle="A new and the second fossil species of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber" masterLastPageNumber="593" masterPageNumber="587" pageNumber="592" updateTime="1686167486149" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A63DE37DD5A6321096D4BAD7C2410682">A new and the second fossil species of the genus Ephedrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from Baltic amber</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7DEE3F062DBBC2F50DAE4A6CCA0EEBC1">Davidian, Elena M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0A081D851573A23470D76825203B05A3">Manukyan, Andranik R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9A3BB8E0D8FFD88C3851C70508B7E4E2">Belokobylskij, Sergey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E9350045D49A8675CCE682BF2E72C9D3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A997F5835E77A6D2D8D2191E621B2827">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A72511A936551D5868402BF941B7607E">2023-06-06</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C387C3E903FFD3CEB184BCFA0AFACB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387C3E903FFD3CEB184BCFA0AFACB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C387C3E903FFD3CEB184BCFA0AFACB" lastPageNumber="592" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<subSubSection id="C370655EE903FFD3CEB184BCFD41FE10" box="[151,726,438,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB184BCFD41FE10" blockId="5.[151,726,438,465]" box="[151,726,438,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<heading id="D09D81B9E903FFD3CEB184BCFD41FE10" bold="true" box="[151,726,438,465]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CEB184BCFD41FE10" bold="true" box="[151,726,438,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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Key to the fossil species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CC4784BDFD41FE10" ID-CoL="4CT6" ID-ENA="55913" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[609,726,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CC4784BDFD41FE10" bold="true" box="[609,726,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">Ephedrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C370655EE903FFD3CEB184F7FA0BFC4F" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" type="key">
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB184F7FA0BFDEE" blockId="5.[151,1437,508,911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB184F7FA0BFDEE" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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1. Ovipositor sheaths curved and elongate.—Ovipositor sheath 4.0 × longer than its maximum width....................................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CA858711FA0BFDEE" authority="Timon-David" authorityName="Timon-David" authorityYear="1944" box="[1187,1436,537,559]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CA858711FA82FDEF" box="[1187,1301,537,559]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">E. mirabilis</emphasis>
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Timon-David
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB1873CFA0BFD8A" blockId="5.[151,1437,508,911]" box="[151,1436,566,588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB1873CFA0BFD8A" box="[151,1436,566,588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">- Ovipositor sheath straight and short....................................................................... 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="309E2E70E903FFD3CEB1875FFA0BFD00" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB1875FFA0AFD65" blockId="5.[151,1437,508,911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB1875FFA0AFD65" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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2. Ovipositor sheath distinctly longer than F1.—Ovipositor sheath widely rounded at apex, 3.0 × longer than wide. Petiole long, 2.0 × longer than its width on level of spiracular tubercles. F1 2.5 × longer than its median length.............................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CA628784FA0AFD65" authority="Davidian & Kaliuzhna" authorityName="Davidian & Kaliuzhna" authorityYear="2021" box="[1092,1437,654,676]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rasnitsyni">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CA628784FB2AFD65" box="[1092,1213,655,676]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">E. rasnitsyni</emphasis>
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Davidian & Kaliuzhna
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB187A7FA0BFD00" blockId="5.[151,1437,508,911]" box="[151,1436,684,706]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB187A7FA0BFD00" box="[151,1436,684,706]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">- Ovipositor sheath approximately equal to F1............................................................... 3</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="309E2E70E903FFD3CEB187C2FA0BFC4F" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB187C2FA0BFCD8" blockId="5.[151,1437,508,911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB187C2FA0BFCD8" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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3. Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising behind middle of pterostigma. Third abscissa of medial vein (3-М) almost reaching distal margin of wing. Second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) 1.3 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). F1 2.0 × longer than its median length.......................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CAEA860FFA0BFCD8" authority="Brues" authorityName="Brues" authorityYear="1933" box="[1228,1436,772,793]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="primordialis">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CAEA860FFAC9FCD8" box="[1228,1374,772,793]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">E. primordialis</emphasis>
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Brues
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB1862AFA0BFC4F" blockId="5.[151,1437,508,911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB1862AFA0BFC4F" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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- Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising before middle of pterostigma. Third abscissa of medial vein (3-M) distinctly not reaching distal margin of wing (
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<figureCitation id="13512A50E903FFD3CF998635FDBBFC92" box="[447,556,830,852]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1389,202,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[162,1425,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ephedrus carsteni sp. nov. (holotype, female, Baltic amber, GPIH N. 5080) (A) Wings, photo. (B) Fore wing, figure. (C) Apex of metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, lateral view, photo. (D) Apex of metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, lateral view, figure. Cells of the fore wing: 1—radial (marginal), 2a and 2b—first and second radiomedial (submarginal), 3—discoidal (discal), 4—brachial (subdiscal), 5—medial (basal), 6—submedial (subbasal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009263/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">Figs 2A, B</figureCitation>
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). Second abscissa of radial vein (3-SR) 2.0 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). F1 3.0 × longer than its median length (
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<figureCitation id="13512A50E903FFD3CC648657FD1FFCB3" box="[578,648,860,882]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,180,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[185,1402,179,1916]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ephedrus carsteni sp. nov. (holotype, female, Baltic amber, GPIH N. 5080) (A) Habitus, lateral view. (B) Body (head, mesosoma and metasoma), dorso-lateral view. (C) Propodeum, metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009261/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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).—Petiole short, 1.2 × longer than its width on level of spiracular tubercles (
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<figureCitation id="13512A50E903FFD3CB538657FF68FC4F" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,180,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[185,1402,179,1916]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ephedrus carsteni sp. nov. (holotype, female, Baltic amber, GPIH N. 5080) (A) Habitus, lateral view. (B) Body (head, mesosoma and metasoma), dorso-lateral view. (C) Propodeum, metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, dorso-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009261/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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). Ovipositor sheath narrowly rounded at apex, 2.4 × longer than its width (
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<figureCitation id="13512A50E903FFD3CDE88672FBAEFC4F" box="[974,1081,889,911]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1389,202,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[162,1425,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ephedrus carsteni sp. nov. (holotype, female, Baltic amber, GPIH N. 5080) (A) Wings, photo. (B) Fore wing, figure. (C) Apex of metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, lateral view, photo. (D) Apex of metasoma and ovipositor sheaths, lateral view, figure. Cells of the fore wing: 1—radial (marginal), 2a and 2b—first and second radiomedial (submarginal), 3—discoidal (discal), 4—brachial (subdiscal), 5—medial (basal), 6—submedial (subbasal)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8009263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8009263/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">Figs 2C, D</figureCitation>
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)............
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CAC48671FADEFC4E" authority="Davidian & Manukyan & Belokobylskij, 2023" authorityName="Davidian & Manukyan & Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2023" box="[1250,1353,890,911]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carsteni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CAC48671FADEFC4E" box="[1250,1353,890,911]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">E. carsteni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CB768672FA0BFC4F" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,889,910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D57BCE903FFD3CB768672FA0BFC4F" box="[1360,1436,889,910]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C370655EE903FFD3CEB186EAFB42FC3A" box="[151,1237,993,1020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB186EAFB42FC3A" blockId="5.[151,1237,993,1020]" box="[151,1237,993,1020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<heading id="D09D81B9E903FFD3CEB186EAFB42FC3A" bold="true" box="[151,1237,993,1020]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CEB186EAFB42FC3A" bold="true" box="[151,1237,993,1020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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||
Key to new fossil and extant
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CFD886EAFDE4FC3D" authority="Haliday, 1833" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[510,627,993,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CFD886EAFDE4FC3D" bold="true" box="[510,627,993,1020]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">Ephedrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species with densely pubescent ovipositor sheath
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C370655EE903FFD3CEB1812DFA0AFACB" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" type="key">
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<keyStep id="309E2E70E903FFD3CEB1812DFA0BFB52" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB1812DFA0BFB98" blockId="5.[151,1437,1062,1290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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||
<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB1812DFA0BFB98" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
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1. Propodeum smooth. F1 of antenna 3.0 × longer than its medial width. Pterostigma 3.3 × longer than its maximum width.........................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CAC4814FFADEFB98" authority="Davidian & Manukyan & Belokobylskij, 2023" authorityName="Davidian & Manukyan & Belokobylskij" authorityYear="2023" box="[1250,1353,1092,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carsteni" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CAC4814FFADEFB98" box="[1250,1353,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">E. carsteni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CB76814FFA0BFB98" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1092,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D57BCE903FFD3CB76814FFA0BFB98" box="[1360,1436,1092,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB1816AFA0BFB52" blockId="5.[151,1437,1062,1290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
|
||
<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB1816AFA0BFB52" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">- Propodeum reticulate. F1 of antenna 4.2–5.8 × longer than medial width. Pterostigma 4.2–4.6 × longer than its maximum width.............................................................................................. 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="309E2E70E903FFD3CEB18197FA0AFACB" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB18197FA0AFB0E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1062,1290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
|
||
<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB18197FA0AFB0E" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
|
||
2. Notauli long, reaching middle of mesoscutum. F1 of antenna 4.2–4.7 × longer than its medial width. Pterostigma 4.2 × longer than its maximum width.................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CAC681B2FA0AFB0E" authority="(Haliday)" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1248,1437,1209,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="validus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CAC681B2FAACFB0F" box="[1248,1339,1209,1230]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">E.validus</emphasis>
|
||
(Haliday)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536D5E903FFD3CEB181DCFA0AFACB" blockId="5.[151,1437,1062,1290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
|
||
<keyLead id="309B95E0E903FFD3CEB181DCFA0AFACB" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">
|
||
- Notauli short, reaching anterior third of mesoscutum. F1 of antenna approximately 5.8 × longer than its medial width. Pterostigma 4.6 × longer than its maximum width.................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D56E903FFD3CA9A81FFFA0AFACB" authority="Tomanovic" authorityName="Tomanovic" authorityYear="2020" box="[1212,1437,1268,1290]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Ephedrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAC7E903FFD3CA9A81FFFABCFAC8" box="[1212,1323,1268,1289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="592">E.carinatus</emphasis>
|
||
Tomanović
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |