129 lines
13 KiB
XML
129 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="55FBC3C2E7B6453DBD84921FC40AAF47" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158237" ID-GBIF-Dataset="19cf13dc-ccff-48cd-bd4f-c5d3f2593c96" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158237" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461036139229" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="González, Jorge M. & Cock, Matthew J. W." docDate="2004" docId="03BA87FEFFEA455CFE85F9BA57A4FE18" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00762.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 762" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Eupalamides cyparissias subsp. cyparissias Fabricius 1776" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FF83FF86FFE8455FFF8DFF94547BFFE6" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Trinidad and Tobago" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698574733341" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="68BB9F3E84D878A380E7DF4C0AAA1789">
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<mods:title id="C16D3BA7AFB1B9F3C22597D48F86300C">A synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Trinidad and Tobago</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="461A567D87E849BEE91E846B955123AE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5CEA56ADB9FF96763B38FB3BE9688305">González, Jorge M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AF606EFEC8594324516D5B38FE479F3A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="12511DBA10CD32BF56B94B74EC4C75B6">Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C5D35C6DD5BBE808E468ABA404DE4707">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="403A9856E05946DB33DC1042B9FBCB03">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="70421625F19059D94023FACC852726DA">
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<mods:date id="CB8857B391D4E3D36F2B51E36DBCFF98">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6BF661356DA8E4D7A38CAB2F38188DE5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="860C9890777E4474B4D07D8AD4BCB7D1">762</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="70CE3BA280D5AB1DC8B63F75D77B0C6D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.158237</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BA87FEFFEA455CFE85F9BA57A4FE18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6271420" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119609009" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6271420" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87FEFFEA455CFE85F9BA57A4FE18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA87FEFFEA455CFE85F9BA57A4FE18" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C3096563FFEA455DFE85F9BA5651F897" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36E8FFEA455DFE85F9BA578AF9AE" blockId="2.[264,1323,1582,1905]" box="[264,1009,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D0E48184FFEA455DFE85F9BA578AF9AE" bold="true" box="[264,1009,1582,1608]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEA455DFE85F9BA578AF9AE" bold="true" box="[264,1009,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEA455DFE85F9BA57EBF9AE" ID-CoL="3CHSV" authority="Fabricius 1776" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1776" box="[264,912,1582,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Eupalamides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cyparissias" subSpecies="cyparissias">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEA455DFE85F9BA56C7F9AE" bold="true" box="[264,700,1582,1608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eupalamides cyparissias cyparissias</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B19FFEA455DFD41F9BA57F3F9AE" author="Fabricius" box="[716,904,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1776) Genera insectorum eorumque characters naturals secundum numerum, figuram, situm et proportionem omnium partum oris adiecta mantissa specierum nuper detectarum. Bartsch, Chilonii, 310 pp." type="book" year="1776">Fabricius 1776</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 1)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36E8FFEA455DFE85F9F35651F897" blockId="2.[264,1323,1582,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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This is a well known pest of oil palm (
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEA455DFD5CF9F357D6F966" box="[721,941,1639,1664]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Elaeis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guianeensis">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEA455DFD5CF9F357D6F966" box="[721,941,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Elaeis guianeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), coconut (
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEA455DFBB9F9F3509CF966" box="[1076,1255,1639,1664]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEA455DFBB9F9F3509CF966" box="[1076,1255,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and other palms (
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEA455DFE2AF91B565FF94F" box="[423,548,1679,1705]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
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) in the nearby countries of
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<collectingCountry id="F3047678FFEA455DFC0CF91B57A7F94F" box="[897,988,1679,1705]" name="Guyana" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F3047678FFEA455DFB96F91B5005F94F" box="[1051,1150,1679,1705]" name="Suriname" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Surinam</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B19FFEA455DFB1CF91B5158F94F" author="Miller" box="[1169,1315,1679,1705]" pageId="2" pageNumber="16" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1986) The taxonomy, phylogeny, and zoogeography of the Neotropical Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castnioidea: Castniidae). Ph. D. thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, USA, 571 pp." type="book" year="1986">Miller 1986</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B19FFEA455DFE85F923553CF937" author="Miller" box="[264,327,1719,1745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="16" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1987) Castniidae (Castnioidea). In: Stehr, F. W. (ed.). Immature Insects. Kendall / Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa, 417 - 419." type="book chapter" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
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). It can be easily distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEA455DFC88F9235054F937" authority="Houlbert" authorityName="Houlbert" box="[773,1071,1719,1745]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Elaeis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guyanensis">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEA455DFC88F92357D2F936" box="[773,937,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">E. guyanensis</emphasis>
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(Houlbert)
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</taxonomicName>
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(common in nearby
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<collectingCountry id="F3047678FFEA455DFE85F94B55F9F91F" box="[264,386,1759,1785]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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) by the presence of long, threadlike scales that cover half of the under side of the forewing (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B19FFEA455DFE38F893560AF8C7" author="Gonzalez" box="[437,625,1799,1825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" refString="Gonzalez, J. M. (1999) Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) from Venezuela. III: Genera represented by only one known species. Diagnosis and comments. Ciencia (Maracaibo), 7 (3), 229 - 235." type="journal article" year="1999">González 1999</bibRefCitation>
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). Although
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B19FFEA455DFC89F89357E6F8C7" author="Cock" box="[772,925,1799,1825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="14" refString="Cock, M. J. W. (ed.) (1985) A review of biological control of pests in the Commonwealth Caribbean and Bermuda up to 1982. Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Technical Communication 9. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, Farnham Royal, UK, 218 pp." type="book" year="1985">Cock (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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states that this species [cited as
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEA455DFE85F8BB56F9F8AF" authority="Cramer" authorityName="Cramer" box="[264,642,1839,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Lapaeumides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dedalus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEA455DFE85F8BB5671F8AE" box="[264,522,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Lapaeumides dedalus</emphasis>
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(Cramer)
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</taxonomicName>
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] is restricted to mainland South
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<collectingCountry id="F3047678FFEA455DFB82F8BB500CF8AF" box="[1039,1143,1839,1865]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">America</collectingCountry>
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, we found one specimen from
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<collectingCountry id="F3047678FFEA455DFE33F8C3565DF897" box="[446,550,1879,1905]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3096563FFEB455CFEB5FE8857A4FE18" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAC36E8FFEB455CFEB5FE885065FE30" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Urich (1909, 1915) cites a record by Mr. Ottier who found caterpillars of
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEB455CFB1BFE885151FED3" box="[1174,1322,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Telchin" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEB455CFB1BFE885151FED3" box="[1174,1322,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Telchin licus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(reported as
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEB455CFE12FED05641FEBB" box="[415,570,324,349]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEB455CFE12FED05641FEBB" box="[415,570,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Castnia licus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) attacking young coconut palms. It is possible that Ottier confused this species with
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEB455CFD9AFEF856C7FE63" box="[535,700,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Eupalamides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyparissias">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEB455CFD9AFEF856C7FE63" box="[535,700,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E. cyparissias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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since their larvae are quite similar (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF824B19FFEB455CFBD3FEF85097FE60" author="Miller" box="[1118,1260,364,390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="16" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1987) Castniidae (Castnioidea). In: Stehr, F. W. (ed.). Immature Insects. Kendall / Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa, 417 - 419." type="book chapter" year="1987">Miller 1987</bibRefCitation>
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) (see discussion under
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<taxonomicName id="4C134D6BFFEB455CFE5BFE005650FE4B" box="[470,555,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="licus">
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<emphasis id="B967EAFAFFEB455CFE5BFE005650FE4B" box="[470,555,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">T. licus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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below). We believe that the specimen studied could have been a vagrant from the mainland. Curiously, it is a rather small specimen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAC36E8FFEB455CFEB5FE7057A4FE18" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,510]" box="[312,991,483,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Material Examined:
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<collectingCountry id="F3047678FFEB455CFDA5FE7056C1FE18" box="[552,698,484,510]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">TRINIDAD</collectingCountry>
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: 1Ψ,
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<date id="FFAD1028FFEB455CFD7BFE70570DFE18" box="[758,886,484,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1925-06-05">5 Jun 1925</date>
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(CUIC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |