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<document id="B458BDFCCD369868BDE913CF90038753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5389.5.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10421859" ID-ZooBank="45230245-48E8-4BEF-B381-4CB8FCB264C1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1703234013262" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gadallah, Neveen S., Edmardash, Yusuf A., Mansour, Amany N. &amp; Imam, Ahmed I." docDate="2023" docId="03BA87BCD773FFE6FF584180FCFE6F7B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5389.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5389 (5)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5389.5.1/52536" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Habrobracon brevicornis" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="514" masterDocId="FF83FFC4D77EFFE9FFCF420AFFB26E66" masterDocTitle="Parasitoid wasps (Ichneumonoidea) collected from faba bean fields, Kharga Oasis, New Valley, Egypt, with new records and the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="544" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="514" updateTime="1703234857167" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="0FC6D0746DF4370BAE3F2A980C8A1075">Parasitoid wasps (Ichneumonoidea) collected from faba bean fields, Kharga Oasis, New Valley, Egypt, with new records and the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="55051A82A1F399EB1D0AC0C1AA4ED074">Edmardash, Yusuf A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C723992FF8384CCF264F5A31A9A2ABDD">Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B711C492B7D73062FCBCA2A4B1380A72">Mansour, Amany N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3A58B82EFA5CE2496D080B57E156441B">Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; &amp; Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BC8B6F8324E2427348AB31AAD6302CE8">Imam, Ahmed I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9E57EEB3263D53926684B3520D7F27C3">Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; &amp; Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo Egypt &amp; Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03BA87BCD773FFE6FF584180FCFE6F7B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10421799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10421799" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87BCD773FFE6FF584180FCFE6F7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA87BCD773FFE6FF584180FCFE6F7B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="514" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<subSubSection id="C3096521D773FFE4FF584180FD2F6DC2" box="[151,669,906,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE4FF584180FD2F6DC2" blockId="13.[151,669,906,969]" box="[151,669,906,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<heading id="D0E481C6D773FFE4FF584180FD2F6DC2" bold="true" box="[151,669,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FF584180FD2F6DC2" ID-CoL="3J4RZ" authority="(Wesmael, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[151,669,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF584180FD2F6DC2" bold="true" box="[151,669,906,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF584180FE7A6DC3" bold="true" box="[151,456,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Habrobracon brevicornis</emphasis>
(Wesmael, 1838)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3096521D773FFE4FF5841A5FF5F6DAF" box="[151,237,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE4FF5841A5FF5F6DAF" blockId="13.[151,669,906,969]" box="[151,237,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<figureCitation id="13282A2FD773FFE4FF5841A5FF5F6DAF" box="[151,237,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[357,1231,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[357,1231,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. A, Habrobracon brevicornis (Wesmael, 1838) (♀), habitus, dorso-lateral aspect; B, Habrobracon hebetor Say, 1836 (♀), habitus, lateral aspects." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10421887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10421887/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3096521D773FFE4FF5841FAFEBA6A49" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE4FF5841FAFEBA6A49" blockId="13.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF5841FAFE366A6C" bold="true" box="[151,388,1008,1034]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3CF7D773FFE4FE4241FAFEB36A48" latitude="25.234112" location="Kharga Oasis" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.52561" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Al Wadi al Jadid">
<specimenCount id="9D15FD23D773FFE4FE4241FAFE026A6C" box="[397,432,1008,1034]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8ECC6071D773FFE4FE7041FAFDE56A6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87BCD773FFE6FF584180FCFE6F7B:8ECC6071D773FFE4FE7041FAFDE56A6C" box="[447,599,1008,1034]" latitude="25.234112" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.52561" name="Kharga Oasis" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" stateProvince="Al Wadi al Jadid">Kharga Oasis</location>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D7F848D773FFE4FDA741FAFD5D6A6C" box="[616,751,1008,1034]" country="Egypt" name="Al Wadi al Jadid" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">New Valley</collectingRegion>
) [
<geoCoordinate id="EE27506DD773FFE4FCC941FAFC156A6D" box="[774,935,1008,1035]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" precision="1" seconds="02.8" value="25.234112">25°1402.8”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE27506DD773FFE4FC6041FAFBFC6A6C" box="[943,1102,1008,1034]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" precision="1" seconds="32.2" value="30.52561">30°3132.2”E</geoCoordinate>
], May, 2022,
<collectingMethod id="52524EBDD773FFE4FB2441FAFA2F6A6D" box="[1259,1437,1008,1035]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">yellow pan trap</collectingMethod>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FF7B461FFEB36A48" box="[180,257,1044,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="faba">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF7B461FFEB36A48" box="[180,257,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">V. faba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096521D773FFE4FF084632FD186BDD" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE4FF084632FF786B28" blockId="13.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF084632FEF06A34" bold="true" box="[199,322,1080,1106]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female head mainly shiny orange with black on: ocellar triangle, middle area of upper face extending to between antennal bases then a small marking on middle of lower face and base of clypeus; antenna dark brown with paler scape and pedicel; pronotum pale brown to orange; mesoscutum with large U-shaped orange marking extending from posterior margin; scutellum orange, with small rounded black marking baso-medially; mesopleuron almost orange; metasoma with T
<subScript id="179734EFD773FFE4FDDB46D0FDAE6A8E" attach="left" box="[532,540,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">1</subScript>
orange, black postero-medially, rest of tergites honey brownish, T
<subScript id="179734EFD773FFE4FAEB46D0FA9E6A8E" attach="left" box="[1316,1324,1242,1256]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">2</subScript>
narrowly orange laterally; legs predominantly yellowish with black based femora and tarsi; ovipositor yellowish, ovipositor sheath dark brown. Fore wing with pterostigma bicolored, bright yellowish at basal half and dark brown at apical half.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE4FF084752FD186BDD" blockId="13.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
Characterized by the following:antenna with 15 antennomeres, slightly longer than length of head and mesosoma combined; setae on vertex short and adpressed, not reaching posterior ocellus; T
<subScript id="179734EFD773FFE4FBD94784FB9E6BFA" attach="left" box="[1046,1068,1422,1436]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">3-5</subScript>
distinctly finely punctate; length of vein 3-SR of fore wing 1.1× length of vein r.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096521D773FFE4FF0847CEFBF76BB8" box="[199,1093,1476,1503]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE4FF0847CEFBF76BB8" blockId="13.[151,1437,1008,2043]" box="[199,1093,1476,1503]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF0847CEFDB36BB8" bold="true" box="[199,513,1476,1502]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Distribution in the MENA</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FDC147CEFDD76BB8" box="[526,613,1476,1502]" name="Algeria" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Algeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FDBF47CEFD766BB8" box="[624,708,1476,1502]" name="Cyprus" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FD0047CFFCA76BB9" box="[719,789,1477,1503]" name="Egypt" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FCEF47CFFCE26BB9" box="[800,848,1477,1503]" name="Iran" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FC9447CEFC2E6BB8" box="[859,924,1476,1502]" name="Israel" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Israel</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FC6847CEFC576BB8" box="[935,997,1476,1502]" name="Syria" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Syria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FC2047CEFBF36BB8" box="[1007,1089,1476,1502]" name="Turkey" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Turkey</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3096521D773FFE6FF0847E2FCFE6F7B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE4FF0847E2FC0B68F4" blockId="13.[151,1437,1008,2043]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF0847E2FEE06864" bold="true" box="[199,338,1512,1538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Comments:</emphasis>
Characters of this species completely agree with those of
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FC2347E2FB556864" author="Kittel, R. N. &amp; Maeto, K." box="[1004,1255,1512,1539]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="906 - 911" refId="ref18402" refString="Kittel, R. N. &amp; Maeto, K. (2019) Revalidation of Habrobracon brevicornis stat. rest. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on the CO 1, 16 S, and 28 S gene fragments. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112, 906 - 911. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / toy 368" type="journal article" year="2019">Kittel &amp; Maeto (2019</bibRefCitation>
, pp. 2, 3). They also agree with those of
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FE614407FC836840" author="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A." box="[430,817,1548,1575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref22577" refString="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A. (1996) The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidea, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 304, 1 - 123." type="journal article" year="1996">van Achterberg &amp; Polaszek (1996</bibRefCitation>
, couplet 2, p. 27), but differs in having fore wing vein 3-SR 1.1× length of vein r (in
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FE26443BFCC6682C" author="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A." box="[489,884,1584,1611]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref22577" refString="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A. (1996) The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidea, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 304, 1 - 123." type="journal article" year="1996">van Achterberg &amp; Polaszek 1996: 3</bibRefCitation>
-SR 1.21.8× vein r).
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FBA5443BFF506808" author="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A." pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref22577" refString="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A. (1996) The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidea, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 304, 1 - 123." type="journal article" year="1996">van Achterberg &amp; Polaszek (1996)</bibRefCitation>
also found this character overlaps with
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FD6F445FFCE96808" authority="(Say)" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[672,859,1620,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebetor">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FD6F445FFCAA6808" box="[672,792,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">H. hebetor</emphasis>
(Say)
</taxonomicName>
in which 3-SR vein 0.91.2×, and rarely up to 1.4× length of vein r, this character was neglected by
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FD7A4472FC0768F4" author="Kittel, R. N. &amp; Maeto, K." box="[693,949,1656,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="906 - 911" refId="ref18402" refString="Kittel, R. N. &amp; Maeto, K. (2019) Revalidation of Habrobracon brevicornis stat. rest. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) based on the CO 1, 16 S, and 28 S gene fragments. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112, 906 - 911. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / toy 368" type="journal article" year="2019">Kittel &amp; Maeto (2019)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36AAD773FFE6FF084496FCFE6F7B" blockId="13.[151,1437,1008,2043]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FF084496FE5568D0" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[199,487,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FF084496FE5568D0" box="[199,487,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Habrobracon brevicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an extremely polyphagous ectoparasitoid, attacking
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FB914496FB6B68D0" box="[1118,1241,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FADC4496FACF68D0" box="[1299,1405,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
in stored products and in the field, and other lepidopterous families may also be attacked in the field (
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FB1A44CAFE8F6898" author="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A." pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref22577" refString="van Achterberg, C. &amp; Polaszek, A. (1996) The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidea, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 304, 1 - 123." type="journal article" year="1996">van Achterberg &amp; Polaszek 1996</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="F304763AD773FFE4FEA144EFFE066899" box="[366,436,1765,1791]" name="Egypt" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Egypt</collectingCountry>
, it has been reported as a larval parasitoid of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FC6544EEFAA26898" authority="(Hubner)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1808" box="[938,1296,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Helicoverpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armigera">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FC6544EEFB116898" box="[938,1187,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Helicoverpa armigera</emphasis>
(Hübner)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FAD144EEFA276898" box="[1310,1429,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FF504502FE896944" author="Tawfik, M. S." box="[159,315,1800,1826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" refId="ref22101" refString="Tawfik, M. S. (1977) Natural enemies of Heliothis armigera HB with special reference to the larval parasite, Bracon brevicornis Wesm. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). M. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, 127 pp." type="book" year="1977">Tawfik, 1977</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FEA34503FDFB6944" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1838" box="[364,585,1800,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FEA34503FDFB6944" box="[364,585,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Bracon brevicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), as well as a larval parasitoid of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FC3F4502FAB86944" authority="Lederer" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1857" box="[1008,1290,1800,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Sesamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretica">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FC3F4502FB146944" box="[1008,1190,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Sesamia cretica</emphasis>
Lederer
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FAD14502FA276944" box="[1310,1429,1800,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
) attacking sorghum in
<collectingRegion id="49D7F848D773FFE4FE5D4526FDC26920" box="[402,624,1836,1862]" country="Egypt" name="Asyut" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Assiut Governorate</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FD4E4526FC986920" author="Temerak, A. S." box="[641,810,1836,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="152 - 154" refId="ref22152" refString="Temerak, A. S. (1982) Laboruntersuchungen zur Wirtshabitat Wahl von Bracon brevicornis Wesm. (Hym., Braconidae) einem Parasitoiden der Raupen von Sesamia cretica Led (Lep., Noctuidae) in Sorghum-Stengeln. Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde Pflanzenschutz und Umweltschutz, 55 (10), 152 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01902760" type="journal article" year="1982">Temerak 1982</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FCF64526FBE46920" author="Lutfallah, R. &amp; Esmat, A. K." box="[825,1110,1836,1863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="187 - 193" refId="ref18730" refString="Lutfallah, R. &amp; Esmat, A. K. (1988) Ecological and biological observations on Bracon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) a parasitoid on corn borers Sesamia cretica and Ostrinia nubilalis in Egypt. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Egypt, 68, 187 - 193." type="journal article" year="1988">Lutfallah &amp; Esmat 1988</bibRefCitation>
). It was also recorded as an efficient parasitoid of the hibernating larvae of the maize borer
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FCBD455AFB25690C" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1796" box="[882,1175,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ostrinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubilalis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FCBD455AFB88690C" box="[882,1082,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Ostrinia nubilalis</emphasis>
Hübner
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FB67455AFA25690C" author="El-Sherif, S. I. &amp; Mostafa, F. F. &amp; Saleh, M. E." box="[1192,1431,1872,1898]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="551 - 557" refId="ref16655" refString="El-Sherif, S. I., Mostafa, F. F., Zaki. F. N. &amp; Saleh, M. E. (1987) Biocontrol studies on corn borers in Egypt: 2 - parasitism on Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. (Pyraustidae: Lepidoptera) in maize field. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 358 (2), 551 - 557." type="journal article" year="1987">
El-Sherif
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FAD6455BFAE6690C" box="[1305,1364,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">et al.</emphasis>
1987
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FF58457EFE1969E8" author="Lutfallah, R. &amp; Esmat, A. K." box="[151,427,1908,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="187 - 193" refId="ref18730" refString="Lutfallah, R. &amp; Esmat, A. K. (1988) Ecological and biological observations on Bracon brevicornis Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) a parasitoid on corn borers Sesamia cretica and Ostrinia nubilalis in Egypt. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Egypt, 68, 187 - 193." type="journal article" year="1988">Lutfallah &amp; Esmat 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FE7A457EFD1169E8" author="Abd El-Gawad, H. A." box="[437,675,1908,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" refId="ref14418" refString="Abd El-Gawad, H. A. (2000) Studies on entomopathogenic fungi for controlling certain lepidopterous insects on corn. Ph. D. Thesis, Fac. of Agric. Cairo University, Egypt, p 182 pp." type="book" year="2000">Abd El-Gawad 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FD79457EFC3869E8" author="Hafez, M. &amp; Afifi, A. M. &amp; Daoud, D. S." box="[694,906,1908,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref17707" refString="Hafez, M., Afifi, A. M. &amp; Daoud, D. S. (1969) On the population dynamics of the cotton bollworms in U. A. R. Technical Bulletin of the Ministry of Agriculture, 11, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1969">
Hafez
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FCCF457FFC8B69E8" box="[768,825,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">et al.</emphasis>
(1969)
</bibRefCitation>
recorded
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FC34457FFB2F69E8" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1838" box="[1019,1181,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FC34457FFB2F69E8" box="[1019,1181,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">H. brevicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as one of the effective parasitoids of the bollworms
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FE2C4592FC3169D4" authority="(Saunders)" baseAuthorityName="Saunders" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[483,899,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Pectinophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gossypiella">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FE2C4592FCB369D4" box="[483,769,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Pectinophora gossypiella</emphasis>
(Saunders)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FC5C4592FBAE69D4" authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1854" box="[915,1052,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gelechiidae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FB934593FA2F69D4" authority="(Boisduval)" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1116,1437,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Nolidae" genus="Earias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insulana">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FB934593FABD69D4" box="[1116,1295,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Earias insulana</emphasis>
(Boisduval)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FF5045B6FF4969B0" box="[159,251,1980,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Nolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nolidae</taxonomicName>
) attacking cotton fields; as well as an efficient parasitoid of pupa of pomegranate pests
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FB7245B6FA2E69B0" authority="Klug" authorityName="Klug" box="[1213,1436,1980,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Deudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="livia">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FB7245B6FAED69B0" box="[1213,1375,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">Deudorix livia</emphasis>
Klug
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D773FFE4FF5045EAFE90699C" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[159,290,2016,2042]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lycaenidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FEF745EAFDB7699C" author="Hosny, M. M. &amp; Assem, M. A. H. &amp; El-Sayed, A. N." box="[312,517,2016,2042]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" refId="ref17908" refString="Hosny, M. M., Assem, M. A. H. &amp; El-Sayed, A. N. (1966) Agricultural pests. s. n., s. l., 1124 pp. [in Arabic]" type="book" year="1966">
Hosny
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D773FFE4FE4545EBFE70699C" box="[394,450,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="514">et al.</emphasis>
1966
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B5BD773FFE4FDD745EBFD19699C" author="Imam, A." box="[536,683,2016,2043]" pageId="13" pageNumber="514" pagination="225 - 228" refId="ref18007" refString="Imam, A. (2013) Life tables of the larval parasitoid; Bracon brevicornis Wesm. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on different host larvae. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 23 (2), 225 - 228." type="journal article" year="2013">Imam (2013)</bibRefCitation>
reported it as an efficient biocontrol agent against the greater wax moth
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FF17429DFE046ED7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[216,438,151,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Gallaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mellonella">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D771FFE6FF17429DFE046ED7" box="[216,438,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Gallaria mellonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L., the almond moth,
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FD7E429DFC006ED7" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[689,946,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Cadra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cautella">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D771FFE6FD7E429DFCE86ED7" box="[689,858,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Cadra cautella</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
[=
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FC15429DFAB96ED7" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[986,1291,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ephestia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cautella">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D771FFE6FC15429DFB2C6ED7" box="[986,1182,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Ephestia cautella</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
] (
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FAEE429DFA236ED7" box="[1313,1425,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
), and the olive leaf moth,
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FE6342B1FD086EB3" authority="(Rossi)" baseAuthorityName="Rossi" box="[428,698,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Palpita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitrealis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D771FFE6FE6342B1FDD36EB3" box="[428,609,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Palpita vitrealis</emphasis>
(Rossi)
</taxonomicName>
[=
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FD2D42B1FC6A6EB3" authority="(Hubner)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1796" box="[738,984,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Palpita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unionalis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D771FFE6FD2D42B1FCD56EB3" box="[738,871,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">P. unionalis</emphasis>
(Hübner)
</taxonomicName>
] (
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FC2142B1FBC26EB3" box="[1006,1136,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
). This is the first record of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FF5842D5FE8B6E9F" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1838" box="[151,313,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D771FFE6FF5842D5FE8B6E9F" box="[151,313,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">H. brevicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in association with
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FDD642D5FD3A6E9F" authority="bean" authorityName="Bean" box="[537,648,223,249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="15" pageNumber="541" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="faba">faba bean</taxonomicName>
. This association may be attributed to the control of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D29D771FFE6FB1942D5FEA06F7B" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Spodoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litura">
<emphasis id="B967EAB8D771FFE6FB1942D5FA2E6E9F" box="[1238,1436,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Spodoptera litura</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
one of the main pests affecting leaves of the plant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>