treatments-xml/data/03/B9/43/03B94378D0700618FF7DF9E7FBBAA90F.xml

<document id="770194CED039E5F6F6FD6B5DEE6C1DCA" ID-CLB-Dataset="26917" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4601.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="20ab611b-e7f3-4b2d-b87a-1c91e0861597" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2669727" ID-ZooBank="8A695352-8382-458F-A86A-17A198F780CA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1557202315294" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soares, Karla D. A. &amp; De, Marcelo R." docDate="2019" docId="03B94378D0700618FF7DF9E7FBBAA90F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4601.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4601 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Scyliorhinus canicula" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FF803B00D0630607FFEAFFF3FFD6AA52" masterDocTitle="The catshark genus Scyliorhinus (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae): taxonomy, morphology and distribution" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698726277297" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1ECC7B3AFFCC318F298EDEE47E1D44B1">The catshark genus Scyliorhinus (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae): taxonomy, morphology and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DF7D784F0F09D2155EE0FB0A2E134AA9">De, Marcelo R.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0700614FF7DF9E7FDA1AC7C" ID-CoL="9G677" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[151,631,1556,1582]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
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<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0700614FF7DF9E7FE49AC7C" bold="true" box="[151,415,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
(
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<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0700614FF7DF9C5FE31AC1D" blockId="19.[151,1436,1556,1867]" box="[151,487,1590,1615]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
(
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0700614FF75F9C5FEF0AC1D" box="[159,294,1590,1615]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 12" captionStart-1="FIGURE 13" captionStart-2="FIGURE 14" captionStart-3="FIGURE 15" captionStart-4="FIGURE 16" captionStart-5="FIGURE 17" captionStart-6="FIGURE 18" captionStartId-0="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionStartId-1="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionStartId-2="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" captionStartId-3="27.[151,250,860,882]" captionStartId-4="27.[151,250,1406,1428]" captionStartId-5="28.[151,250,1422,1444]" captionStartId-6="29.[151,250,1022,1044]" captionTargetBox-0="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetBox-1="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetBox-2="[368,1246,431,1476]" captionTargetBox-3="[340,1247,193,839]" captionTargetBox-4="[340,1247,963,1385]" captionTargetBox-5="[214,1329,342,1392]" captionTargetBox-6="[344,1235,377,987]" captionTargetId-0="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetId-1="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetId-2="figure@26.[340,1247,409,1477]" captionTargetId-3="figure@27.[340,1247,193,839]" captionTargetId-4="figure@27.[340,1247,963,1385]" captionTargetId-5="figure@28.[214,1371,313,1398]" captionTargetId-6="figure@29.[340,1247,373,1001]" captionTargetPageId-0="21" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionTargetPageId-2="26" captionTargetPageId-3="27" captionTargetPageId-4="27" captionTargetPageId-5="28" captionTargetPageId-6="29" captionText-0="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 14. Scyliorhinus canicula. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 15. Teeth of Scyliorhinus canicula; labial view. NHMUK 1970.12.2.1–4, female, 413.6 mm TL (Malaga Bay, Spain). a, anterior tooth; c, commissural; l, lateral; ps, parassymphysial. Scale bar = 100 µm." captionText-4="FIGURE 16. Dermal denticles of Scyliorhinus canicula. A–C, NHMUK 1970.12.2.1–4, female, 413.6 mm TL (Malaga Bay, Spain); D–F, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, D, region above pectoral fin base; B, E, region below first dorsal fin origin; C, F, region below second dorsal fin insertion. Scale bar = 250 µm." captionText-5="FIGURE 17. Clasper of Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, external morphology; B, skeleton. crh, cover rhipidion; end, endstyle; erh, exorhipidion; hp, hipopyle; rd, dorsal marginal cartilage; rv, ventral marginal cartilage; td, dorsal terminal cartilage; t3, terminal 3 cartilage; td2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; tdc, terminal dermal cover; tv, ventral terminal cartilage; tv2, ventral terminal 2 cartilage. Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 18. Map showing the geographic distribution of Scyliorhinus canicula based on material examined in this study. Black star indicates the neotype locality." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/2669757/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/2669759/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/2669761/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/2669763/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 12–18</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0700614FED8F9C4FEB0AC1D" box="[306,358,1591,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[350,1241,1124,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[340,1247,1124,1700]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 19. Egg capsules of Scyliorhinus species. A, S. canicula, AMNH 4121 (Naples, Italy); B, S. capensis, SAIAB 6286 (Algoa Bay, South Africa); C, S. retifer, AMNH 15611 (United States). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669765/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">19A</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="C692C7D5D0700614FE9BF9C5FE08AC1D" box="[369,478,1590,1615]" captionStart-0="TABLE 3" captionStart-1="TABLE 4" captionStart-2="TABLE 5" captionStartId-0="13.[151,239,508,531]" captionStartId-1="22.[151,239,296,319]" captionStartId-2="24.[151,239,328,351]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1427,718,1195]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1368,378,1971]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-2="24" captionText-0="TABLE 3. Mean values for measurements of dermal denticles of Scyliorhinus* species, expressed in percentages of total length; density presented as absolute values. PL, crown length in pectoral region; PW, crown width in pectoral region; PC, cusplet length in pectoral region; Dens P, density of dermal denticles in pectoral region; DL, crown length in first dorsal region; DW, crown width in first dorsal region; DC, cusplet length in first dorsal region; Dens D, density of dermal denticles of first dorsal region; CL, crown length in caudal peduncle region; CW, crown width in caudal peduncle region; CC, cusplet length in caudal peduncle region; Dens C, density of dermal denticles in caudal peduncle." captionText-1="TABLE 4. Morphometric and meristic data of Scyliorhinus canicula. SD, standard deviation; n, number of examined specimens. Total length (TL) in mm, other measurements as percentages of TL." captionText-2="TABLE 5. Measurements of neurocrania in percentages of nasobasal length (%NL) for specimens of Scyliorhinus canicula and S. duhamelii. F, number of examined females; M, number of examined males." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D06E060AFF7DFE0FFB00A8E1" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" tableUuid-0="DF6FA2E6D06E060AFF7DFE0FFB00A8E1" tableUuid-1="DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" tableUuid-2="DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D">Tabs. 3–5</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0700614FF7DF9A8FBB2AD19" blockId="19.[151,1436,1556,1867]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Common names: Lesser spotted dogfish, Smaller spotted dogfish, Small-spotted dogfish, Spotted dogfish, Dogfish, Nurse, Sandy dog, Robin huss, Suss, Land dog, Row hound, Cur fish, Kennet, Daggar (English); Morgay, Blin e es (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FF75F951FED1ACE9" box="[159,263,1698,1723]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Scotland</collectingCountry>
); Daw fish (Orkneys); Morghi meiaf (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FD3DF951FCF7ACE9" box="[727,801,1698,1723]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Wales</collectingCountry>
); Squale roussette, La rousette a petites taches, Petit rousette, Charon, Charotel, Chat marin, Cata roussa, Pintou roussou, Rousse (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FC13F934FB9AAC8D" box="[1017,1100,1735,1759]" name="France" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">France</collectingCountry>
); Katzenai, Kleiner Katzenhai (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FF75F918FED8AD51" box="[159,270,1771,1795]" name="Germany" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Germany</collectingCountry>
); Hondshaai (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FE51F919FDABAD51" box="[443,637,1770,1795]" name="Netherlands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
); Zee hond (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FCCFF919FC5AAD51" box="[805,908,1770,1795]" name="Belgium" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Belgium</collectingCountry>
); Småplettet rødhaj (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FB78F919FAD7AD51" box="[1170,1281,1770,1795]" name="Denmark" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Denmark</collectingCountry>
); Deplaháfur (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FF75F8FDFF2EAD75" box="[159,248,1806,1831]" name="Iceland" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Iceland</collectingCountry>
); Cat, Gat, Gatet, Gat vaire, Pinta rotja, Pintarrosa, Pintarroja (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FC27F8FDFBC5AD75" box="[973,1043,1806,1831]" name="Spain" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Spain</collectingCountry>
); Pata roxa, Pintarroxa (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FAC0F8FDFA59AD75" box="[1322,1423,1806,1831]" name="Portugal" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Portugal</collectingCountry>
); Dogfish, Sandy dogfish (
<collectingRegion id="49D43C8CD0700614FE45F8C0FDD2AD19" box="[431,516,1843,1867]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Azores</collectingRegion>
); Småfläckig rödhaj (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FD1FF8C1FC82AD19" box="[757,852,1842,1867]" name="Sweden" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Sweden</collectingCountry>
); Morskoy pes (
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FBEDF8C1FB8EAD19" box="[1031,1112,1842,1867]" name="Russia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Russia</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0700614FF7DF889FDE8ADC2" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 234" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="234" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,574,1914,1936]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0700614FF7DF889FE9BADC2" box="[151,333,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Squalus canicula</emphasis>
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locality: Mediterranean Sea); 
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: 505
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0700614FD3CF86AFC60ADFD" author="Berkenhout, J." box="[726,950,1945,1967]" page="36" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1769">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0700614FD3CF86AFC47ADFD" author="Berkenhout, J." box="[726,913,1945,1967]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref63555" refString="Berkenhout, J. (1769) Outlines of the natural history of Great Britain and Ireland, containing a systematic arrangement and concise description of all the animals, vegetables and fossils which have hitherto been discovered in these kingdoms. Fol. 1. Printed for P. Elmsly (Successor to Mr. Vaillant), London, 233 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 37140" type="book" year="1769">Berkenhout, 1769</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0700614FBDDF86AFB68ADFD" box="[1079,1214,1945,1967]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
and 
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); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0700614FAB9F869FEE6AD9C" author="Heppe, J. C." page="212" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1787">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0700614FAB9F869FF2BAD9C" author="Heppe, J. C." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref69607" refString="Heppe, J. C. (1787) Abbildung und Beschreibung der Fische. Samuel Winterschmid, Nurnberg, 306 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6765" type="book" year="1787">Heppe, 1787</bibRefCitation>
: 212
</treatmentCitation>
(compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0700614FE39F84AFD75AD9C" author="Bonnaterre, P. J." box="[467,675,1976,1998]" page="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1788">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0700614FE39F84AFD5FAD9C" author="Bonnaterre, P. J." box="[467,649,1976,1998]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref64278" refString="Bonnaterre, P. J. (1788) Tableau encyclopedique et methodique des trois regnes de la nature. Chez Panckoucke, Paris, 215 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11660" type="book" year="1788">Bonnaterre, 1788</bibRefCitation>
: 6
</treatmentCitation>
(compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0700614FCADF84BFC2AAD9C" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[839,1020,1976,1998]" page="798" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1796">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0700614FCADF84BFC1FAD9C" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[839,969,1976,1998]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="594 - 1291" refId="ref64132" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1796) Ichthyologie ou Histoire naturelle des poissons: En six parties avec 216 planches dessinees et enluminees d'apres nature. Pt. III. Chez l'auteur, Berlin, 698 pp. [pp. 594 - 1291]" type="book chapter" year="1796">Bloch, 1796</bibRefCitation>
: 798
</treatmentCitation>
–802 (compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0700614FB38F84AFA4AAD9C" author="Duperrey, M. L. I." box="[1234,1436,1976,1998]" page="83" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1830">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0700614FB38F84AFAA0AD9C" author="Duperrey, M. L. I." box="[1234,1398,1976,1998]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref66877" refString="Duperrey, M. L. I. (1830) Foyage autour du monde execute par ordre du roi, sur la corvette de Sa Majeste, la Coquille, pendant les annees 1822, 1823, 1824, et 1825. Tome II. Arthus Bertrand, Paris, 155 pp." type="book" year="1830">Duperrey, 1830</bibRefCitation>
: 83
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, survey ‘La Coquille’); Lacépède, 1830: 373–384 (compilation).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFF6BFEB9AAB9" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFF6BFEB9AAB9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFF6BFDF3AAFC" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 235" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="235" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,549,152,174]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catulus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFF6BFEEBAAFC" box="[151,317,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Squalus catulus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FEA3FF6BFDF3AAFC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3914047" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3914047" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9D6C5E6C-FE0D-4DA4-8D68-581266D7EE58" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[329,549,152,174]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/630F0C305BB44762D6979BD8166B5C1E" page="235" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1758">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FEA3FF6BFE39AAFC" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[329,495,152,174]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref71184" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
: 235
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(original description, 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD0770613FCF2FF6AFC92AAFC" box="[792,836,153,174]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
locality: Mediterranean Sea); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB7AFF6BFABFAAFC" author="Houttuin, F." box="[1168,1385,152,174]" page="505" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1764">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB7AFF6BFAE5AAFC" author="Houttuin, F." box="[1168,1331,152,174]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref69842" refString="Houttuin, F. (1764) Natuurlyke historie: of, Uitvoerige beschryving der dieren, planten, en mineraalen. F. Houttuyn, Amsterdam, 500 pp." type="book" year="1764">Houttuin, 1764</bibRefCitation>
: 505
</treatmentCitation>
–508 (compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE8AFF45FDE2AA9E" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[352,564,182,204]" page="400" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1766">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE8AFF45FDD4AA9E" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[352,514,182,204]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref71209" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1766) Systema Naturae. 12 th Edition. Impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 532 pp." type="book" year="1766">Linnaeus, 1766</bibRefCitation>
: 400
</treatmentCitation>
(compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD3CFF45FC5FAA9E" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[726,905,182,204]" page="805" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1796">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD3CFF45FC8EAA9E" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[726,856,182,204]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="594 - 1291" refId="ref64132" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1796) Ichthyologie ou Histoire naturelle des poissons: En six parties avec 216 planches dessinees et enluminees d'apres nature. Pt. III. Chez l'auteur, Berlin, 698 pp. [pp. 594 - 1291]" type="book chapter" year="1796">Bloch, 1796</bibRefCitation>
: 805
</treatmentCitation>
–807 (compilation) [synonymy follows 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FACCFF45FEF9AAB9" author="Compagno, L. J. V." page="358" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FACCFF45FF2BAAB9" author="Compagno, L. J. V." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref65696" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO species catalogue. Fol. 4. Sharks of the world: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. In: FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Fol. 4. Part 2. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984">Compagno, 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 358
</treatmentCitation>
–359].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFF07FC97AB58" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,833,244,266]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFF07FC97AB58" box="[151,833,244,266]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFF07FD8FAB58" ID-CoL="9D8ZT" authority="Blainville, 1816: 121" authorityName="Blainville" authorityPageNumber="121" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,601,244,266]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniculus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFF07FEAAAB58" box="[151,380,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyliorhinus caniculus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE69FF07FD8FAB58" author="Blainville, H. M. D. de" box="[387,601,244,266]" page="121" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1816">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE69FF07FDFFAB58" author="Blainville, H. M. D. de" box="[387,553,244,266]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="105 - 124" refId="ref63972" refString="Blainville, H. M. D. de (1816) Prodrome d' une distribution systematique du regne animal. Bulletin de la Societe Philomathique de Paris, 8, 105 - 124." type="journal article" year="1816">Blainville, 1816</bibRefCitation>
: 121
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(listed, classification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFEE1FBA6A809" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFEE1FBA6A809" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFEE1FDCBAB7A" ID-CoL="79ZZH" authority=": Cuvier, 1817: 124" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityPageNumber="124" authorityYear="1817" box="[151,541,274,296]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFEE1FE99AB7A" box="[151,335,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyllium canicula</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE8AFEE1FDCBAB7A" author="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D." box="[352,541,274,296]" page="124" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1817">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE8AFEE1FE3CAB7A" author="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D." box="[352,490,274,296]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref66436" refString="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. (1817) Le regne animal distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Fol. 2. Chez Deterville, Paris, 532 pp." type="book" year="1817">Cuvier, 1817</bibRefCitation>
: 124
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD28FEE1FCA9AB7A" author="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D." box="[706,895,274,296]" page="386" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1829">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD28FEE1FC9BAB7A" author="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D." box="[706,845,274,296]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref66486" refString="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. (1829) Le regne animal, distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Fol. 2. Deterville, de l'Impr. de A. Belin, Paris, 584 pp." type="book" year="1829">Cuvier, 1829</bibRefCitation>
: 386
</treatmentCitation>
(compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FBCEFEE1FAF4AB7A" author="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. &amp; Griffith, E. &amp; Smith, C." box="[1060,1314,274,296]" page="586" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1834">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBCEFEE1FB39AB7A" author="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. &amp; Griffith, E. &amp; Smith, C." box="[1060,1263,274,296]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 680" refId="ref66544" refString="Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D., Griffith, E. &amp; Smith, C. (1834) The animal kingdom: arranged in conformity with its organization. The class Pisces, London, 10, 1 - 680." type="journal article" year="1834">
Cuvier 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FB99FEE0FB7FAB7A" box="[1139,1193,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
, 1834
</bibRefCitation>
: 586
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, classification); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE89FEC1FDCDAB15" author="Jenyns, L." box="[355,539,305,327]" page="495" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1835">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE89FEC1FE3DAB15" author="Jenyns, L." box="[355,491,305,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref70062" refString="Jenyns, L. (1835) A manual of British vertebrate animals: or Descriptions of all the animals belonging to the classes, Mammalia, Aves, Reptilia, Amphibia, and Pisces, which have been hitherto observed in the British Islands: including the domesticated, naturalized, and extirpated species: the whole systematically arranged. J. &amp; J. J. Deighton, Cambridge, 559 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 110940" type="book" year="1835">Jenyns, 1835</bibRefCitation>
: 495
</treatmentCitation>
–496 (catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FD27FEC2FCABAB15" box="[717,893,305,327]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC7AFEC2FBB8AB15" author="Partington, C. F." box="[912,1134,305,327]" page="651" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1837">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC7AFEC2FBEBAB15" author="Partington, C. F." box="[912,1085,305,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref72473" refString="Partington, C. F. (1837) The British cyclopaedia of natural history: combining a scientific classification of animals, plants, and minerals. W. S. Orr &amp; Co., Amen Corner, Paternoster-row, London, 880 pp." type="book" year="1837">Partington, 1837</bibRefCitation>
: 651
</treatmentCitation>
(compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FAE7FEC2FF3BAB34" author="Parnell, R." page="407" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1838">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FAE7FEC2FA4EAB15" author="Parnell, R." box="[1293,1432,305,327]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="161 - 520" refId="ref72425" refString="Parnell, R. (1838) Prize essay on the natural and economical history of the fishes marine, fluviatile, and lacustrine, of the river district of the Firth of Forth. Neill &amp; Co Parsons, Edinburgh, pp. 161 - 520." type="book chapter" year="1838">Parnell, 1838</bibRefCitation>
: 407
</treatmentCitation>
–409 (catalogue, North Sea); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FDC1FEA3FD38AB34" author="Schinz, H. R." box="[555,750,336,358]" page="460" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1840">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FDC1FEA3FD6FAB34" author="Schinz, H. R." box="[555,697,336,358]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref73423" refString="Schinz, H. R. (1840) Europaische Fauna, oder, Ferzeichniss der wirbelthiere Europa's. E. Schweizerbarts Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, 448 pp." type="book" year="1840">Schinz, 1840</bibRefCitation>
: 460
</treatmentCitation>
–461 (catalogue, Europe); 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBE0FEA3FB2AAB34" author="Muller, J. &amp; Henle, J." box="[1034,1276,336,358]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref72041" refString="Muller, J. &amp; Henle, J. (1838 - 41) Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Viet und Comp., Berlin, 200 pp." type="book" year="1838">
Müller &amp; Henle, 
<date id="FFAED4AED0770613FB2DFEA3FB2AAB34" box="[1223,1276,336,358]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1838" valueMax="1841">1838</date>
</bibRefCitation>
–41: 6–7, pl. 7 (catalogue, systematics of Elasmobranchii); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD65FE9DFCB3ABD6" author="Hamilton, R." box="[655,869,366,388]" page="300" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1854">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD65FE9DFCE5ABD6" author="Hamilton, R." box="[655,819,366,388]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref69458" refString="Hamilton, R. (1854) Ichthyology. Vol 3. British Fishes, Pt 2. In: Jardine, W. (Ed.), The naturalist's library. Fol. 37. W. H. Lizars, Edinburgh, 424 pp." type="book" year="1854">Hamilton, 1854</bibRefCitation>
: 300
</treatmentCitation>
(compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FBECFE9DFB19ABD6" author="Dumeril, A. H. A." box="[1030,1231,366,388]" page="315" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1865">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBECFE9DFB49ABD6" author="Dumeril, A. H. A." box="[1030,1183,366,388]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref66837" refString="Dumeril, A. H. A. (1865) Histoire naturelle des poissons ou ichthyologie generale. Tome Premier. Elasmobranches. Plagiostomes et Holocephales ou Chimeres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 720 pp." type="book" year="1865">Duméril, 1865</bibRefCitation>
: 315
</treatmentCitation>
–316 (compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FF2DFE7DFE3EABF1" author="Bocage, J. V. B. &amp; Capello, F. B. C." box="[199,488,397,419]" page="11" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1866">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FF2DFE7DFE13ABF1" author="Bocage, J. V. B. &amp; Capello, F. B. C." box="[199,453,397,419]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref64179" refString="Bocage, J. V. B. &amp; Capello, F. B. C. (1866) Peixes Plagiostomos. Pt. I: Esqualos. Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias, Lisboa, 56 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bocage &amp; Capello, 1866</bibRefCitation>
: 11
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FD8FFE7EFD69ABF1" box="[613,703,397,419]" name="Portugal" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Portugal</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD3BFE7EFC40ABF1" author="Gunther, A." box="[721,918,397,419]" page="402" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD3BFE7EFCB0ABF1" author="Gunther, A." box="[721,870,397,419]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref69298" refString="Gunther, A. (1870) Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Fol. 8. Taylor &amp; Francis, London, 549 pp." type="book" year="1870">Günther, 1870</bibRefCitation>
: 402
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, British Museum); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB27FE7EFA4DABF1" author="Canestrini, G." box="[1229,1435,397,419]" page="50" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1872">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB27FE7EFAAEABF1" author="Canestrini, G." box="[1229,1400,397,419]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref64802" refString="Canestrini, G. (1872) Fauna d'Italia. Pt. III. Pesci. Fieno (3). F. Vallardi, Milano, 208 pp." type="book" year="1872">Canestrini, 1872</bibRefCitation>
: 50
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FEABFE5FFEA5AB90" box="[321,371,428,450]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Italy</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE63FE5FFD9FAB90" author="Collett, R." box="[393,585,428,450]" page="210" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1875">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE63FE5FFDC3AB90" author="Collett, R." box="[393,533,428,450]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref65666" refString="Collett, R. (1875) Norges fiske, med bemaerkninger om deres Udbredelse. Norges fiske, med bemaerkninger om deres Udbredelse, Christiania, 240 pp." type="book" year="1875">Collett, 1875</bibRefCitation>
: 210
</treatmentCitation>
(compilation); Doderlein, 1880: 24–26 (catalogue, Mediterranean Sea); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FAA3FE5FFEF8ABB2" author="Balfour, F. M." page="656" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FAA3FE5FFF2BABB2" author="Balfour, F. M." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="656 - 671" refId="ref63253" refString="Balfour, F. M. (1881) On the development of the skeleton of the paired fins of Elasmobranchii, considered in relation to its bearings on the nature of the limbs of the Vertebrata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881, 656 - 671." type="journal article" year="1881">Balfour, 1881</bibRefCitation>
: 656
</treatmentCitation>
–671 (anatomy and ontogeny of paired fins); Bolau, 1881: 321–325 (reproductive biology); Doderlein, 1881: 24 (catalogue, Mediterranean Sea); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FDF2FE19FD08ABAD" author="Moreau, E." box="[536,734,489,511]" page="278" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FDF2FE19FD7AABAD" author="Moreau, E." box="[536,684,489,511]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref71905" refString="Moreau, E. (1881) Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France. Tome I. G. Masson, Paris, 480 pp." type="book" year="1881">Moreau, 1881</bibRefCitation>
: 278
</treatmentCitation>
–280, figs. 34, 35 (catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FBFDFE19FBB7ABAD" box="[1047,1121,490,511]" name="France" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">France</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB9EFE1AFAF5ABAD" author="Faber, G. L." box="[1140,1315,489,511]" page="181" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1883">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB9EFE1AFB27ABAD" author="Faber, G. L." box="[1140,1265,489,511]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref67535" refString="Faber, G. L. (1883) The fisheries of the Adriatic and the fish thereof: a report of the Austro-Hungarian sea-fisheries, with a detailed description of the marine fauna of the Adriatic Gulf. Bernard Quaritch, London, 292 pp." type="book" year="1883">Faber, 1883</bibRefCitation>
: 181
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, Adriatic Gulf); Day, 1884: 309–312, fig. 1, pl. 159 (catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FCD7FDFBFC17A84C" box="[829,961,520,542]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FC1BFDFBFBEBA84C" box="[1009,1085,520,542]" name="Ireland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ireland</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FBA4FDFAFACFA84C" author="Jungersen, H. F. E." box="[1102,1305,520,542]" page="32" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBA4FDFAFB20A84C" author="Jungersen, H. F. E." box="[1102,1270,520,542]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref70322" refString="Jungersen, H. F. E. (1899) On the apendices genitales in the greenland shark Somniosus microcephalus (Bl. Schn.) and another selachians. Danish Ingolf Expedition. Fol. II. Bianco luno, Copenhagen, 88 pp." type="book" year="1899">Jungersen, 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 32
</treatmentCitation>
–34, figs. 16, 17 (clasper description); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE24FDD5FD43A86E" author="Gordon, W. J." box="[462,661,550,572]" page="135" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE24FDD5FDB7A86E" author="Gordon, W. J." box="[462,609,550,572]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref68991" refString="Gordon, W. J. (1902) Our country's fishes and how to know them: a guide to all the fishes of Great Britain. Simpkin, Hamilton, Kent &amp; Co, London, 152 pp." type="book" year="1902">Gordon, 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 135
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FCF3FDD5FC70A86E" box="[793,934,550,572]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC50FDD5FB53A86E" author="Coward, T. A." box="[954,1157,550,572]" page="160" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC50FDD5FB84A86E" author="Coward, T. A." box="[954,1106,550,572]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref66313" refString="Coward, T. A. (1910) The vertebrate fauna of Cheshire and Liverpool Bay. Fol. 2. Witherby &amp; Co., London, 210 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48659" type="book" year="1910">Coward, 1910</bibRefCitation>
: 160
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, Cheschire and 
<collectingRegion id="49D43C8CD0770613FF2DFDB6FEFDA809" box="[199,299,581,603]" country="United Kingdom" name="Liverpool" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Liverpool</collectingRegion>
Bay); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE85FDB6FDBBA809" author="Leigh-Sharpe, W. H." box="[367,621,581,603]" page="252" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE85FDB6FDEAA809" author="Leigh-Sharpe, W. H." box="[367,572,581,603]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="245 - 265" refId="ref70908" refString="Leigh-Sharpe, W. H. (1920) The comparative morphology of the secondary sexual characters of elasmobranch fishes. The claspers, clasper siphons, and clasper glands. Memoir I. Journal of Morphology and Physiolog y, 34 (2), 245 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / jmor. 1050340202" type="journal article" year="1920">Leigh-Sharpe, 1920</bibRefCitation>
: 252
</treatmentCitation>
–259, figs. 2–7 (description and clasper ontogeny).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFD97FAF9A828" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,1327,612,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFD97FAF9A828" box="[151,1327,612,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFD97FDDAA828" authority="Blainville, 1825: 73" authorityName="Blainville" authorityPageNumber="73" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,524,612,634]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFD97FEECA828" box="[151,314,612,634]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Squalus elegans</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FEABFD97FDDAA828" author="Blainville, H. M. D. de" box="[321,524,612,634]" page="73" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1825">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FEABFD97FE3EA828" author="Blainville, H. M. D. de" box="[321,488,612,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref64007" refString="Blainville, H. M. D. de (1825) Vertebres. Class V. Poissons. In: Desmarest, A. G., Blainville, H. M. D. de, Prevost, A., Serville, A. &amp; Saint-Fargau, L. (Eds.), Faune Francaise, ou histoire naturelle, generale et particuliere, des animaux qui se trouvent en France. Fol. 13 &amp; 14. Plassan, Paris, pp. 1 - 96." type="book chapter" year="1825">Blainville, 1825</bibRefCitation>
: 73
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 1, pl. 18 (listed, classification) [synonymy follows 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FBAEFD97FAF3A828" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[1092,1317,612,634]" page="358" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBAEFD97FB26A828" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[1092,1264,612,634]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref65696" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO species catalogue. Fol. 4. Sharks of the world: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. In: FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Fol. 4. Part 2. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984">Compagno 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 358
</treatmentCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFD71FC8FA8CA" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,857,642,664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFD71FC8FA8CA" box="[151,857,642,664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFD71FDDBA8CA" authority=": Risso, 1826: 116" authorityName="Risso" authorityPageNumber="116" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,525,642,664]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniculus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFD71FE83A8CA" box="[151,341,642,664]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyllium caniculus</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE89FD71FDDBA8CA" author="Risso, A." box="[355,525,642,664]" page="116" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1826">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE89FD71FE08A8CA" author="Risso, A." box="[355,478,642,664]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref72893" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe meridionale et particulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. F. - G. Levrault Libraire, Paris, 402 pp." type="book" year="1826">Risso, 1826</bibRefCitation>
: 116
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(catalogue, Meridional Europe).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFD52FDB3A884" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFD52FDB3A884" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFD52FDC0A8E5" ID-CoL="79ZZF" authority=": Fleming, 1828: 165" authorityName="Fleming" authorityPageNumber="165" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,534,673,695]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catulus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFD52FEE8A8E5" box="[151,318,673,695]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyllium catulus</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FEA7FD52FDC0A8E5" author="Fleming, J." box="[333,534,673,695]" page="165" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1828">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FEA7FD52FE33A8E5" author="Fleming, J." box="[333,485,673,695]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref67909" refString="Fleming, J. (1828) A history of British animals: exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, mollusca, and radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. Bell &amp; Bradfute, Edinburgh, 565 pp." type="book" year="1828">Fleming, 1828</bibRefCitation>
: 165
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FD7EFD52FC93A8E5" box="[660,837,673,695]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FCBDFD52FC2CA8E5" author="Smith, J. V. C." box="[855,1018,673,695]" page="81" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1833">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FCBDFD52FC0EA8E5" author="Smith, J. V. C." box="[855,984,673,695]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref73984" refString="Smith, J. V. C. (1833) Natural history of the fishes of Massachusetts, embracing a practical essay on angling. Allen and Ticknor, Boston, 399 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58412" type="book" year="1833">Smith, 1833</bibRefCitation>
: 81
</treatmentCitation>
–82 (catalogue, Massachussetts); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FAB9FD52FEF6A884" author="Couch, J." page="14" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FAB9FD52FF2BA884" author="Couch, J." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref66282" refString="Couch, J. (1868) A history of the fishes of the British Islands. Fol. 1. Groombridge and Sons 5, London, 208 pp." type="book" year="1868">Couch, 1868</bibRefCitation>
: 14
</treatmentCitation>
–17 (catalogue, British Islands).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFD2DFBEDA8A6" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,1083,734,756]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFD2DFBEDA8A6" box="[151,1083,734,756]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
? 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF42FD2DFDCDA8A6" ID-CoL="4W59X" authority="Vaillant, 1888: 60" authorityName="Vaillant" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1888" box="[168,539,734,756]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutidens">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF42FD2DFEB1A8A6" box="[168,359,734,756]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyllium acutidens</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE87FD2DFDCDA8A6" author="Vaillant, L. L." box="[365,539,734,756]" page="60" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE87FD2DFE28A8A6" author="Vaillant, L. L." box="[365,510,734,756]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref74983" refString="Vaillant, L. L. (1888) Expeditions scientifiques du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et &quot; Talisman &quot; pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Poissons. G. Masson, Paris, 406 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13677" type="book" year="1888">Vaillant, 1888</bibRefCitation>
:60
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(original description, 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD0770613FD16FD2CFCFEA8A6" box="[764,808,735,756]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
locality: Eastern Atlantic).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFD0EFD09A902" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFD0EFD09A902" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FF7DFD0EFD02A941" author="Hoffman, H. A. &amp; Jordan, D. S." box="[151,724,765,787]" page="233" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1892">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFD0EFD4BA941" authority=": Hoffman &amp; Jordan, 1892" authorityName="Hoffman" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,669,765,787]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scylliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFD0EFEABA941" box="[151,381,765,787]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scylliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE65FD0EFD4BA941" author="Hoffman, H. A. &amp; Jordan, D. S." box="[399,669,765,787]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="230 - 286" refId="ref69757" refString="Hoffman, H. A. &amp; Jordan, D. S. (1892) A catalogue of the fishes of Greece with notes on the names now in use and those employed by classical authors. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 44, 230 - 286." type="journal article" year="1892">Hoffman &amp; Jordan, 1892</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: 233
</treatmentCitation>
; (catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FCB6FD0EFC7EA941" box="[860,936,765,787]" name="Greece" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Greece</collectingCountry>
); Collett, 1905: 9 (compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FAE0FD0EFF37A960" author="Danois, E." page="14" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FAE0FD0EFA4EA941" author="Danois, E." box="[1290,1432,765,787]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 214" refId="ref66592" refString="Danois, E. (1913) Contribution a l'etude de systematique et biologique poisons de la Manche Occidentale. In: Joubin, L. (Ed.), Annales de l'Institut oceanographique. Tome F. Monaco et Cie, Paris, pp. 1 - 214." type="book chapter" year="1913">Danois, 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 14
</treatmentCitation>
–15, figs. 3, 6, 7 (compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FDC2FCEEFCCCA960" author="Lozano Rey, L." box="[552,794,796,818]" page="306" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FDC2FCEEFD31A960" author="Lozano Rey, L." box="[552,743,796,818]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 692" refId="ref71275" refString="Lozano Rey, L. (1928) Fauna Iberica. Peces. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, 1, 1 - 692." type="journal article" year="1928">Lozano Rey, 1928</bibRefCitation>
: 306
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 2, figs. 1, 86, 87 (catalogue, Iberian Peninsula); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FADCFCEFFE54A902" author="Maurin, C. &amp; Bonnet, M." page="129" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FADCFCEFFE84A902" author="Maurin, C. &amp; Bonnet, M." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="125 - 169" refId="ref71532" refString="Maurin, C. &amp; Bonnet, M. (1970) Poissons des cotes nord-ouest Africaines (Campagnes de la &quot; Thalassa &quot; 1962 et 1968). Revue des travaux de l'Institut des peches maritimes, 34, 125 - 169." type="journal article" year="1970">Maurin &amp; Bonnet, 1970</bibRefCitation>
: 129
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, Northwestern Africa).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFCAAFE43A9DC" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFCAAFE43A9DC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFCAAFCFBA93D" ID-CoL="7KRXJ" authority="Piestchmann, 1906: 98" authorityName="Piestchmann" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,813,857,879]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="canicula" variety="albomaculata">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFCAAFEA3A93D" box="[151,373,857,879]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FE46FCAAFDE1A93D" box="[428,567,857,879]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">albomaculata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FDABFCAAFCFBA93D" author="Piestchmann, V." box="[577,813,857,879]" page="98" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FDABFCAAFCDEA93D" author="Piestchmann, V." box="[577,776,857,879]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="72 - 148" refId="ref72545" refString="Piestchmann, V. (1906) Ichthyologische Ergebnisse einer Reise nach Island, an die atlantische Kuste von Marokko und in die westliche Halfte des Mittelmeeres. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 21, 72 - 148." type="journal article" year="1906">Piestchmann, 1906</bibRefCitation>
: 98
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(original description, 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD0770613FBFDFCA9FB95A93D" box="[1047,1091,858,879]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
locality: west coast of 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FAD0FCA9FA4EA93D" box="[1338,1432,858,879]" name="Morocco" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, Mediterranean Sea).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFC65FD0DA9FE" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,731,918,940]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFC65FD0DA9FE" box="[151,731,918,940]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFC65FDC4A9FE" authority=": Garman, 1913: 72" authorityName="Garman" authorityPageNumber="72" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,530,918,940]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="caniculus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFC65FE9BA9FE" box="[151,333,918,940]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Catulus caniculus</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FEB0FC65FDC4A9FE" author="Garman, S." box="[346,530,918,940]" page="72" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FEB0FC65FE39A9FE" author="Garman, S." box="[346,495,918,940]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 515" refId="ref68345" refString="Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (Sharks, skates and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 36, 1 - 515." type="journal article" year="1913">Garman, 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 72
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–73 (brief account).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFC46FE62A9B8" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFC46FE62A9B8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFC46FDDBA999" authority="Garman, 1913: 73" authorityName="Garman" authorityPageNumber="73" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,525,949,971]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFC46FE87A999" box="[151,337,949,971]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Catulus duhamelii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FEBDFC46FDDBA999" author="Garman, S." box="[343,525,949,971]" page="73" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FEBDFC46FE3AA999" author="Garman, S." box="[343,492,949,971]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 515" refId="ref68345" refString="Garman, S. (1913) The Plagiostomia (Sharks, skates and rays). Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 36, 1 - 515." type="journal article" year="1913">Garman, 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 73
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–74 (original description, 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD0770613FCFEFC45FC96A999" box="[788,832,950,971]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
locality: Adriatic Sea; incorrect identification of the female specimen, MCZ 60–S).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFC01FB1CAE5A" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,1226,1010,1032]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFC01FB1CAE5A" box="[151,1226,1010,1032]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFC01FD20AE5A" ID-CoL="79ZZH" authority="Leigh-Sharpe, 1924: 322" authorityName="Leigh-Sharpe" authorityPageNumber="322" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,758,1010,1032]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula" subGenus="Alphascyllium">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFC01FE25AE5A" box="[151,499,1010,1032]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyllium (Alphascyllium) canicula</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE10FC01FD20AE5A" author="Leigh-Sharpe, W. H." box="[506,758,1010,1032]" page="322" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE10FC01FD10AE5A" author="Leigh-Sharpe, W. H." box="[506,710,1010,1032]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="567 - 577" refId="ref71031" refString="Leigh-Sharpe, W. H. (1924) The comparative morphology of the secondary sexual characters of elasmobranch fishes. The claspers, clasper siphons, and clasper glands. Memoir VII. Journal of Morphology and Physiology, 39 (2), 567 - 577. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / jmor. 1050390210" type="journal article" year="1924">Leigh-Sharpe, 1924</bibRefCitation>
: 322
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(classification based on clasper morphology).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFBE2FCE1AE75" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,823,1041,1063]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFBE2FCE1AE75" box="[151,823,1041,1063]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFBE2FDB7AE75" authority=": White, 1937: 121" authorityName="White" authorityPageNumber="121" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,609,1041,1063]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Haploblepharus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniculus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFBE2FE75AE75" box="[151,419,1041,1063]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Haploblepharus caniculus</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE5AFBE2FDB7AE75" author="White, E. G." box="[432,609,1041,1063]" page="121" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE5AFBE2FDE7AE75" author="White, E. G." box="[432,561,1041,1063]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="25 - 138" refId="ref75232" refString="White, E. G. (1937) Interrelationships of the elasmobranchs with a key to the order Galea. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 74 (2), 25 - 138." type="journal article" year="1937">White, 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 121
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(systematics, listed).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFBC3FAE4AE14" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" box="[151,1330,1072,1094]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFBC3FAE4AE14" box="[151,1330,1072,1094]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFBC3FD0EAE14" ID-CoL="9D8ZT" authority=": Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1948: 203" authorityName="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" authorityPageNumber="203" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,728,1072,1094]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniculus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFBC3FEAAAE14" box="[151,380,1072,1094]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyliorhinus caniculus</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE60FBC3FD0EAE14" author="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder W. C." box="[394,728,1072,1094]" page="203" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE60FBC3FD7EAE14" author="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder W. C." box="[394,680,1072,1094]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref63786" refString="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder W. C. (1948) Fishes of the Western North Atlantic. Part I. Lancelets, Cyclostomes and Sharks. Yale University, New Haven, 576 pp." type="book" year="1948">Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1948</bibRefCitation>
: 203
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(catalogue, compared with 
<collectingRegion id="49D43C8CD0770613FC18FBC3FBAAAE14" box="[1010,1148,1072,1094]" country="Sri Lanka" name="North Western" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Northwestern</collectingRegion>
Atlantic species).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DFBBDFC0AAC3C" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB00D540D0770613FF7DFBBDFC0AAC3C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FF7DFBBDFDE2AE36" ID-CoL="9G677" authority=": Regan, 1908: 458" authorityName=": Regan" authorityPageNumber="458" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,564,1102,1124]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DFBBDFEA5AE36" box="[151,371,1102,1124]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE6AFBBCFDE2AE36" author="Regan, C. T." box="[384,564,1102,1124]" page="458" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1908">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE6AFBBCFDD2AE36" author="Regan, C. T." box="[384,516,1102,1124]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="453 - 465" refId="ref72701" refString="Regan, C. T. (1908) A synopsis of the sharks of the family Scyliorhinidae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 8 (1), 453 - 465. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930808692434" type="journal article" year="1908">Regan, 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 458
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(classification, listed); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FCC9FBBDFC10AE36" author="Ford, E." box="[803,966,1102,1124]" page="486" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FCC9FBBDFC40AE36" author="Ford, E." box="[803,918,1102,1124]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="468 - 505" refId="ref67978" refString="Ford, E. (1921) A contribution to our knowledge of the life-histories of the dogfishes landed at Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Associaton of the United Kingdom, 12, 468 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400006317" type="journal article" year="1921">Ford, 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 486
</treatmentCitation>
–492 (reproductive biology and diet); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FAA0FBBDFEF9AED1" author="Brough, J." page="217" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FAA0FBBDFF2BAED1" author="Brough, J." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="217 - 273" refId="ref64320" refString="Brough, J. (1937) On certain secondary sexual characters in the Commom Dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (B), 217 - 273. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1937. tb 00004. x" type="book chapter" year="1937">Brough, 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 217
</treatmentCitation>
–273 (sexual dimorphism); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FDA7FB9EFC44AED1" author="Leloup, J. &amp; Olivereau, M." box="[589,914,1133,1155]" page="182" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1951">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FDA7FB9EFCB7AED1" author="Leloup, J. &amp; Olivereau, M." box="[589,865,1133,1155]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="182 - 209" refId="ref71092" refString="Leloup, J. &amp; Olivereau, M. (1951) Donnees biometriques comparatives sur la roussette (Scyllium canicula L.) de la Manche et de la Mediterranee. Fie et Milieu, 2, 182 - 209." type="journal article" year="1951">Leloup &amp; Olivereau, 1951</bibRefCitation>
: 182
</treatmentCitation>
–209 (morphometrics); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB6DFB9DFAB5AED1" author="Tortonese, E." box="[1159,1379,1133,1155]" page="127" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1956">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB6DFB9DFAF9AED1" author="Tortonese, E." box="[1159,1327,1133,1155]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref74879" refString="Tortonese, E. (1956) Fauna d'Italia. Fol. 2. Leptocardia, Cicrostomata, Selachii. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 327 pp." type="book" year="1956">Tortonese, 1956</bibRefCitation>
: 127
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 62–65 (catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FE61FB7FFE68AEF0" box="[395,446,1164,1186]" name="Italy" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Italy</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE3EFB7FFD4CAEF0" author="Wheeler, A." box="[468,666,1164,1186]" page="45" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE3EFB7FFDA6AEF0" author="Wheeler, A." box="[468,624,1164,1186]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref75208" refString="Wheeler, A. (1969) The fishes of the British Isles and north-west Europe. Macmillan, London, 613 pp." type="book" year="1969">Wheeler, 1969</bibRefCitation>
: 45
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 13, 14 (catalogue, British Islands); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FBB6FB7FFAF7AEF0" author="Springer, S." box="[1116,1313,1164,1186]" page="19" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBB6FB7FFB2CAEF0" author="Springer, S." box="[1116,1274,1164,1186]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="19 - 21" refId="ref74404" refString="Springer, S. (1973) Scyliorhinidae. In: Hureau, J. C. &amp; Monod, T. (Eds.), Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean. Fol. 1. UNESCO, Paris, pp. 19 - 21." type="book chapter" year="1973">Springer, 1973</bibRefCitation>
: 19
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, Northwestern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD5EFB59FCBFAE92" author="Capape, C." box="[692,873,1194,1216]" page="83" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD5EFB59FC92AE92" author="Capape, C." box="[692,836,1194,1216]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref64832" refString="Capape, C. (1977) Contribution a la biologie des Scyliorhinidae des cotes tunisiennes. Scyliorhinus canicula (Linne, 1758). Repartition geographique et bathymetrique, sexualite, reproduction, fecondite. Bulletin de l'Office national des Peches de Tunisie, 1, 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="1977">Capapé, 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 83
</treatmentCitation>
–101 (reproductive biology); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB7DFB59FAB5AE92" author="Springer, S." box="[1175,1379,1194,1216]" page="129" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1979">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB7DFB59FAE4AE92" author="Springer, S." box="[1175,1330,1194,1216]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref74458" refString="Springer, S. (1979) A revision of the catsharks, Family Scyliorhinidae. NOAA technical report NMFS CIRC, 422, 1 - 97." type="journal article" year="1979">Springer, 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 129
</treatmentCitation>
–132, fig. 83 (taxonomic review); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE02FB3AFCCEAE8D" author="Cadenat, J. &amp; Blache, J." box="[488,792,1225,1247]" page="177" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE02FB3AFD31AE8D" author="Cadenat, J. &amp; Blache, J." box="[488,743,1225,1247]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 330" refId="ref64720" refString="Cadenat, J. &amp; Blache, J. (1981) Requins de Mediterranee et d'Atlantique (plus particulierement de la Cote Occidentale d'Afrique). Fauna Tropicale, 21, 1 - 330." type="journal article" year="1981">Cadenat &amp; Blache, 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 177
</treatmentCitation>
–178 (except part referring to specimens collected at 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FAD6FB3AFA47AE8D" box="[1340,1425,1225,1247]" name="Senegal" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Senegal</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FF2DFB1BFEBEAEAC" author="Lyle, J. M." box="[199,360,1256,1278]" page="725" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FF2DFB1BFEEEAEAC" author="Lyle, J. M." box="[199,312,1256,1278]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="725 - 737" refId="ref71302" refString="Lyle, J. M. (1983) Food and feeding habits of the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.), in Isle of Man waters. Journal of Fish Biology, 23 (6), 725 - 737. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.1983. tb 02950. x" type="journal article" year="1983">Lyle, 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 725
</treatmentCitation>
–733 (diet); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE0CFB1BFD1EAEAC" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[486,712,1256,1278]" page="358" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE0CFB1BFD4FAEAC" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[486,665,1256,1278]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref65696" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO species catalogue. Fol. 4. Sharks of the world: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. In: FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Fol. 4. Part 2. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984">Compagno, 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 358
</treatmentCitation>
–359 (FAO catalogue); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC51FB1AFB1EAEAC" author="Feng, D. &amp; Knight, D. P." box="[955,1224,1256,1278]" page="285" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC51FB1AFB4EAEAC" author="Feng, D. &amp; Knight, D. P." box="[955,1176,1256,1278]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="285 - 302" refId="ref67582" refString="Feng, D. &amp; Knight, D. P. (1994) Structure and Formation of the Egg Capsule Tendrils in the Dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences, 343 (1305), 285 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstb. 1994.0026" type="journal article" year="1994">Feng &amp; Knight, 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 285
</treatmentCitation>
–302 (egg capsules); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FF2DFAF5FE26AF4E" author="Ellis, J. R. &amp; Shackley, S. E." box="[199,496,1286,1308]" page="361" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FF2DFAF5FE69AF4E" author="Ellis, J. R. &amp; Shackley, S. E." box="[199,447,1286,1308]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="155 - 164" refId="ref67272" refString="Ellis, J. R. &amp; Shackley, S. E. (1995) Ontogenic changes and sexual dimorphism in the head, mouth and teeth of the lesser spotted dogfish. Journal of Fish Biology, 47, 155 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.1995. tb 01881. x" type="journal article" year="1995">Ellis &amp; Shackley, 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 361
</treatmentCitation>
–372 (reproductive biology); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FCC2FAF5FB75AF4E" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; de la Gandara, F. &amp; Sanchez, F." box="[808,1187,1286,1309]" page="363" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FCC2FAF5FBA6AF4E" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; de la Gandara, F. &amp; Sanchez, F." box="[808,1136,1286,1309]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="363 - 370" refId="ref72934" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., de la Gandara, F. &amp; Sanchez, F. (1997) Preliminary results on growth and movements of dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758) in the Cantabrian Sea. Oceanologica Acta, 21 (2), 363 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0399 - 1784 (98) 80023 - 6" type="journal article" year="1997">
Rodríguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FC19FAFBFBF2AF4E" box="[1011,1060,1286,1309]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 1997
</bibRefCitation>
: 363
</treatmentCitation>
–370 (age and growth); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FF2DFAD6FD95AF69" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I." box="[199,579,1317,1339]" page="187" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FF2DFAD6FDC6AF69" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I." box="[199,528,1317,1339]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="187 - 191" refId="ref73005" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I. (1998) Reproductive biology of lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758) in the Cantabrian Sea. Scientia marina, 62 (3), 187 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 1998.62 n 3187" type="journal article" year="1998">
Rodríguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FE78FAD5FE14AF69" box="[402,450,1317,1339]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 1998
</bibRefCitation>
: 187
</treatmentCitation>
–191 (reproductive biology); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC90FAD6FBB5AF69" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[890,1123,1317,1339]" page="480" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC90FAD6FBE6AF69" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[890,1072,1317,1339]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="471 - 498" refId="ref65845" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In: Hamlett, W. C. (Ed.), Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland, pp. 471 - 498." type="book chapter" year="1999">Compagno, 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 480
</treatmentCitation>
(listed); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB2DFAD6FAA2AF69" author="Fricke, R." box="[1223,1396,1317,1339]" page="15" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB2DFAD6FA98AF69" author="Fricke, R." box="[1223,1358,1317,1339]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref68133" refString="Fricke, R. (1999) Annotated checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Germany, with remarks on their taxonomic identity. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (A), 587, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1999">Fricke, 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 15
</treatmentCitation>
–16 (listed); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FEF6FAB7FD81AF08" author="Henderson, A. C. &amp; Casey, A." box="[284,599,1348,1370]" page="397" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FEF6FAB7FDFEAF08" author="Henderson, A. C. &amp; Casey, A." box="[284,552,1348,1370]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="397 - 405" refId="ref69561" refString="Henderson, A. C. &amp; Casey, A. (2001) Reproduction and Size in the lesser-spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (Elasmobranchii; Scyliorhinidae) from the west coast of Ireland. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 42, 397 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">Henderson &amp; Casey, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 397
</treatmentCitation>
–405 (reproductive biology); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC69FAB7FBBDAF08" author="Sims, D. W. &amp; Nash, J. P. &amp; Morritt, D." box="[899,1131,1348,1370]" page="1165" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC69FAB7FBE7AF08" author="Sims, D. W. &amp; Nash, J. P. &amp; Morritt, D." box="[899,1073,1348,1370]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1165 - 1175" refId="ref73757" refString="Sims, D. W., Nash, J. P. &amp; Morritt, D. (2001) Movements and activity of male and female dogfish in a tidal sea lough: alternative behavioural strategies and apparent sexual segregation. Marine Biology, 139 (6), 1165 - 1175. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002270100666" type="journal article" year="2001">
Sims 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FC51FAB6FC38AF08" box="[955,1006,1348,1370]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
, 2001
</bibRefCitation>
: 
<date id="FFAED4AED0770613FBD0FAB7FBBDAF08" box="[1082,1131,1348,1370]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1165" valueMax="1175">1165</date>
</treatmentCitation>
–1175 (reproductive biology); Litvinov, 2003: 81–86 (reproductive biology); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD59FA91FC7AAF2A" author="Capape, C. &amp; Guelorget, O. &amp; Quignard, J. - P. &amp; El Abed, A. &amp; Souissi, J. B. &amp; Zaouali, J." box="[691,940,1378,1400]" page="21" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD59FA91FC51AF2A" author="Capape, C. &amp; Guelorget, O. &amp; Quignard, J. - P. &amp; El Abed, A. &amp; Souissi, J. B. &amp; Zaouali, J." box="[691,903,1378,1400]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="19 - 28" refId="ref64946" refString="Capape, C., Guelorget, O., Quignard, J. - P., El Abed, A., Souissi, J. B. &amp; Zaouali, J. (2004) The elasmobranch species from the Bahiret el Biban (southern Tunisia, Central Mediterranean): A survey. Annales, Series Historia Naturalis, 14 (1), 19 - 28." type="journal article" year="2004">
Capapé 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FCE3FA90FC91AF2A" box="[777,839,1378,1400]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
: 21
</treatmentCitation>
–22 (catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FBBDFA91FB71AF2A" box="[1111,1191,1378,1400]" name="Tunisia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB51FA91FF3AAFC5" author="Erdogan, Z. A. &amp; Koc, H. T. &amp; Cakir, D. T. &amp; Nerlovic, V. &amp; Dulcic, J." page="165" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB51FA91FA4FAF2A" author="Erdogan, Z. A. &amp; Koc, H. T. &amp; Cakir, D. T. &amp; Nerlovic, V. &amp; Dulcic, J." box="[1211,1433,1378,1400]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="165 - 170" refId="ref67427" refString="Erdogan, Z. A., Koc, H. T., Cakir, D. T., Nerlovic, V. &amp; Dulcic, J. (2004) Sexual dimorphism in the small-spotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758), from the Edremit Bay (Turkey). Annales, Series Historia Naturalis, 14 (2), 165 - 170." type="journal article" year="2004">
Erdogan 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FAF6FA90FA84AF2A" box="[1308,1362,1378,1400]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
, 2004
</bibRefCitation>
: 165
</treatmentCitation>
–170 (sexual dimorphism); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FDE2FA72FCFEAFC5" author="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Dando, M. &amp; Fowler, S." box="[520,808,1409,1431]" page="247" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FDE2FA72FD20AFC5" author="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Dando, M. &amp; Fowler, S." box="[520,758,1409,1431]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref66247" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Dando, M. &amp; Fowler, S. (2005) Sharks of the World. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 368 pp." type="book" year="2005">
Compagno 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FD95FA71FD65AFC5" box="[639,691,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
, 2005
</bibRefCitation>
: 247
</treatmentCitation>
–248, pl. 41 (compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FBABFA72FB26AFC5" author="Serena, F." box="[1089,1264,1409,1431]" page="38" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBABFA72FB1CAFC5" author="Serena, F." box="[1089,1226,1409,1431]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref73487" refString="Serena, F. (2005) Field identification guide to the sharks and rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, 97 pp." type="book" year="2005">Serena, 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. IV, 30 (FAO catalogue, Mediterranean Sea); Ellis 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FDAEFA52FDA8AFE4" box="[580,638,1440,1462]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2005: 199 (sexual dimorphism); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC32FA52FB65AFE4" author="Ivory, P. F. &amp; Jeal, F. &amp; Nolan, C. P." box="[984,1203,1440,1462]" page="89" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC32FA52FB46AFE4" author="Ivory, P. F. &amp; Jeal, F. &amp; Nolan, C. P." box="[984,1168,1440,1462]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="89 - 106" refId="ref69994" refString="Ivory, P. F., Jeal, F. &amp; Nolan, C. P. (2004) Age Determination, Growth and Reproduction in the Lesser-spotted Dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.). Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science, 35, 89 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.2960 / J. v 35. m 504" type="journal article" year="2004">
Ivory 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FBFCFA52FB86AFE4" box="[1046,1104,1440,1462]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
: 89
</treatmentCitation>
–106 (age, growth and reproduction); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE8AFA4DFDACAF86" author="Filiz, H. &amp; Taskavak, E." box="[352,634,1470,1492]" page="37" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE8AFA4DFD80AF86" author="Filiz, H. &amp; Taskavak, E." box="[352,598,1470,1492]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="37 - 47" refId="ref67703" refString="Filiz, H. &amp; Taskavak, E. (2006) Sexual dimorphism in the head, mouth, and body morphology of the smallspotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) from Turkey. Acta Adriatica, 47 (1), 37 - 47." type="journal article" year="2006">Filiz &amp; Taskavak, 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 37
</treatmentCitation>
–47 (sexual dimorphism); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC61FA4DFADDAF86" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Sanchez, F. &amp; Olaso, I." box="[907,1291,1470,1493]" page="1568" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC61FA4DFB1BAF86" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Sanchez, F. &amp; Olaso, I." box="[907,1229,1470,1493]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1568 - 1586" refId="ref73133" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Sanchez, F. &amp; Olaso, I. (2007) Distribution patterns and sexual segregations of Scyliorhinus canicula (L.) in the Cantabrian Sea. Journal of Fish Biology, 70 (5), 1568 - 1586. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.2007.01444. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
Rodríguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FBBEFA33FB58AF86" box="[1108,1166,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: 
<date id="FFAED4AED0770613FB33FA4DFADDAF86" box="[1241,1291,1470,1492]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1568" valueMax="1586">1568</date>
</treatmentCitation>
–1586 (sexual dimorphism); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FEBDFA2EFD99AFA1" author="Capape, C. &amp; Vergne, Y. &amp; Reynaud, C. &amp; Guelorget, O. &amp; Quignard, J. - P." box="[343,591,1501,1523]" page="282" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FEBDFA2EFDC9AFA1" author="Capape, C. &amp; Vergne, Y. &amp; Reynaud, C. &amp; Guelorget, O. &amp; Quignard, J. - P." box="[343,543,1501,1523]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref65081" refString="Capape, C., Vergne, Y., Reynaud, C., Guelorget, O. &amp; Quignard, J. - P. (2008) Maturity, fecundity and occurrence of the smallspotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) off the Languedocian coast (southern France, north-western Mediterranean). Fie et Milieu, 58 (1), 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="2008">
Capapé 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FE43FA2DFE34AFA1" box="[425,482,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
: 282
</treatmentCitation>
–289 (reproductive biology); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FC93FA2EFB83AFA1" author="Kimber, J. A. &amp; Sims, D. W. &amp; Bellamy, P. H. &amp; Gill, A. B." box="[889,1109,1501,1523]" page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FC93FA2EFB94AFA1" author="Kimber, J. A. &amp; Sims, D. W. &amp; Bellamy, P. H. &amp; Gill, A. B." box="[889,1090,1501,1523]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1435 - 1440" refId="ref70400" refString="Kimber, J. A., Sims, D. W., Bellamy, P. H. &amp; Gill, A. B. (2009) Male-female interactions affect foraging behavior within groups of small-spotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula. Animal Behaviour, 77 (6), 1435 - 1440. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. anbehav. 2009.02.014" type="journal article" year="2009">
Kimber 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FC27FA2DFC2CAFA1" box="[973,1018,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 2009
</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
–6 (populational study); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FAB9FA2EFE8CAC40" author="Crooks, N. &amp; Babey, L. &amp; Haddon, W. J. &amp; Love, A. C. &amp; Waring, C. P." page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FAB9FA2EFE92AC40" author="Crooks, N. &amp; Babey, L. &amp; Haddon, W. J. &amp; Love, A. C. &amp; Waring, C. P." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="76887" refId="ref66359" refString="Crooks, N., Babey, L., Haddon, W. J., Love, A. C. &amp; Waring, C. P. (2013) Sexual dimorphisms in the dermal denticles of the lesser-spotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758). PLoS ONE, 8 (10), e 76887. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0076887" type="journal article" year="2013">
Crooks 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF2DFA0EFED5AC40" box="[199,259,1532,1554]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
–7 (sexual dimorphism); Ebert 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FD43FA0EFD36AC40" box="[681,736,1532,1554]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013a: 372, 378, pl. 51 (compilation); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB64FA0FFF38AC62" author="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M." page="207" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB64FA0FFA4EAC40" author="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M." box="[1166,1432,1532,1554]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 523" refId="ref67224" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M. (2013) Sharks, batoids, and chimaeras of the North Atlantic. In: FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. Fol. 7. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 523." type="book chapter" year="2013">Ebert &amp; Stehmann, 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 207
</treatmentCitation>
–209, figs. 238, 239 (egg capsules); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD8EF9E9FC59AC62" author="Lynghammar, A. &amp; Christiansen, J. S. &amp; Mecklenburg, C. W. &amp; Karamushko, O. V. &amp; Moller, P. R. &amp; Gallucci, V. F." box="[612,911,1562,1584]" page="60" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD8EF9E9FCBCAC62" author="Lynghammar, A. &amp; Christiansen, J. S. &amp; Mecklenburg, C. W. &amp; Karamushko, O. V. &amp; Moller, P. R. &amp; Gallucci, V. F." box="[612,874,1562,1584]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="57 - 66" refId="ref71367" refString="Lynghammar, A., Christiansen, J. S., Mecklenburg, C. W., Karamushko, O. V., Moller, P. R. &amp; Gallucci, V. F. (2013) Species richness and distribution of chondrichthyan fishes in the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. Biodiversity, 14 (1), 57 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14888386.2012.706198" type="journal article" year="2013">
Lynghammar 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FD19F9E8FCF6AC62" box="[755,800,1562,1584]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
., 2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 60
</treatmentCitation>
(phylogeographic study); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FB74F9E9FF3BAC1D" author="Bilecenoglu, M. &amp; Kaya, M. &amp; Cihangir, B. &amp; Cicek, E." page="904" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FB74F9E9FA4EAC62" author="Bilecenoglu, M. &amp; Kaya, M. &amp; Cihangir, B. &amp; Cicek, E." box="[1182,1432,1562,1584]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="901 - 929" refId="ref63916" refString="Bilecenoglu, M., Kaya, M., Cihangir, B. &amp; Cicek, E. (2014) An updated checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38, 901 - 929. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 1405 - 60" type="journal article" year="2014">
Bilecenoglu 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FACAF9E8FA8CAC62" box="[1312,1370,1562,1584]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
: 904
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FE98F9CAFE69AC1D" box="[370,447,1593,1615]" name="Turkey" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Turkey</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FE3EF9CAFD18AC1D" author="Kousteni, V. &amp; Kasapidis, P. &amp; Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P." box="[468,718,1593,1615]" page="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FE3EF9CAFD61AC1D" author="Kousteni, V. &amp; Kasapidis, P. &amp; Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P." box="[468,695,1593,1615]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="333 - 343" refId="ref70558" refString="Kousteni, V., Kasapidis, P., Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P. (2014) Strong population genetic structure and contrasting demographic histories for the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Heredity, 114 (3), 333 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / hdy. 2014.107" type="journal article" year="2014">
Kousteni 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FDD0F9C9FDA7AC1D" box="[570,625,1593,1615]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
–11 (phylogeographic study); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FBE5F9CAFB12AC1D" author="Dyldin, Y. V." box="[1039,1220,1593,1615]" page="50" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FBE5F9CAFB4BAC1D" author="Dyldin, Y. V." box="[1039,1181,1593,1615]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="40 - 91" refId="ref66931" refString="Dyldin, Y. V. (2015) Annotated checklist of the sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) from waters of Russia and adjacent areas. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 43, 40 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 197957" type="journal article" year="2015">Dyldin, 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 50
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FAA3F9CAFA47AC1D" box="[1353,1425,1593,1615]" name="Russia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Russia</collectingCountry>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FF2DF9ABFE15AC3C" author="Gordon, C. A. &amp; Hood, A. R. &amp; Ellis, J. R." box="[199,451,1624,1646]" page="272" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FF2DF9ABFE47AC3C" author="Gordon, C. A. &amp; Hood, A. R. &amp; Ellis, J. R." box="[199,401,1624,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="255 - 280" refId="ref69032" refString="Gordon, C. A., Hood, A. R. &amp; Ellis, J. R. (2016) Descriptions and revised key to the eggcases of the skates (Rajiformes: Rajidae) and catsharks (Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) of the British Isles. Zootaxa, 4150 (3), 255 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4150.3.2" type="journal article" year="2016">
Gordon 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FEF0F9AAFE85AC3C" box="[282,339,1624,1646]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
: 272
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 8b (egg capsules); 
<treatmentCitation id="0AB1D47FD0770613FD59F9ABFC51AC3C" author="Weigmann, S." box="[691,903,1624,1646]" page="43" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD0770613FD59F9ABFCB2AC3C" author="Weigmann, S." box="[691,868,1624,1646]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref75151" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88 (3), 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 43
</treatmentCitation>
(listed).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF7DF969FB5AACE1" blockId="20.[151,1436,1690,2003]" box="[151,1164,1690,1715]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<materialsCitation id="3B78F833D0770613FF7DF969FB5AACE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2238655786" box="[151,1164,1690,1715]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="France" location="Nice" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="NHMUK 1866.9" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD0770613FF7DF969FF2FACE1" box="[151,249,1690,1715]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="neotype">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF7DF969FF2FACE1" bold="true" box="[151,249,1690,1715]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Neotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<specimenCode id="DBB65A15D0770613FEEDF968FE1FACE1" box="[263,457,1690,1715]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">NHMUK 1866.9</specimenCode>
.12.4, male, 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0770613FDA5F968FD17ACE0" box="[591,705,1691,1715]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.171" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="417.1">417.1 mm</quantity>
TL (
<location id="8ECFA4B5D0770613FD13F969FCE4ACE1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B94378D0700618FF7DF9E7FBBAA90F:8ECFA4B5D0770613FD13F969FCE4ACE1" box="[761,818,1690,1715]" country="France" name="Nice" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nice</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED0770613FCD7F968FC58ACE1" box="[829,910,1691,1715]" name="France" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">France</collectingCountry>
). 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FC4AF969FB5AACE1" bold="true" box="[928,1164,1690,1715]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">[designated herein].</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D0770613FF2DF94DFC4DAC85" box="[199,923,1726,1751]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770613FF2DF94DFC4DAC85" blockId="20.[151,1436,1690,2003]" box="[199,923,1726,1751]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF2DF94DFDFAAC85" bold="true" box="[199,556,1726,1751]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Additional material examined</emphasis>
. 
<specimenCount id="9D1639E7D0770613FDD1F94CFD37AC85" box="[571,737,1726,1751]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">312 specimens</specimenCount>
(see Appendix).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D0770612FF2DF911FBAAA9BE" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0770612FF2DF911FBAAA9BE" blockId="20.[151,1436,1690,2003]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1436,151,1005]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FF2DF911FEECACA9" bold="true" box="[199,314,1762,1787]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FEA5F911FD9FACA9" authorityName=": Regan" authorityYear="1908" box="[335,585,1762,1787]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FEA5F911FD9FACA9" box="[335,585,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all congeners by presenting shallow nasoral grooves and laterally situated posterior nasal flaps (vs. grooves absent and posterior flaps situated on the posterior border of the excurrent apertures in congeners, except in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FD65F8D8FCC8AD11" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[655,798,1834,1859]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FD65F8D8FCC8AD11" box="[655,798,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); distance between the anterior nasal flaps 6–7.5 times smaller than the anterior nasal flap width (vs. 3.5–5 times smaller in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FC4AF8BCFBFAAD35" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[928,1068,1870,1895]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FC4AF8BCFBFAAD35" box="[928,1068,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; two times in the other species); lower labial furrow 2.1–2.2 times smaller than mouth width (vs. more than three times in other species, except 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FA6DF880FED1ADFD" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FA6DF880FED1ADFD" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); color pattern with dark spots well defined and predominantly smaller than spiracles (vs. dark spots absent in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FEECF848FC34AD81" box="[262,994,1978,2003]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FEECF848FE51AD81" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[262,391,1979,2003]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">S. capensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FE7FF848FD94AD81" authorityName="Compagno" authorityYear="1988" box="[405,578,1979,2003]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comoroensis">S. comoroensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FDBAF848FD0AAD81" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[592,732,1978,2003]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperius">S. hesperius</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FD03F848FC98AD81" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[745,846,1978,2003]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meadi">S. meadi</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FCB6F848FC34AD81" baseAuthorityName="Tanaka" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[860,994,1979,2003]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torazame">S. torazame</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770613FBCEF848FB56AD81" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[1060,1152,1979,2003]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770613FBCEF848FB56AD81" box="[1060,1152,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; reticulated pattern in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0770612FA6DF848FF0AAAE2" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retifer">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0770612FA6DF848FF0AAAE2" italics="true" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. retifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; dark spots predominantly larger than spiracles in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FCC1FF6BFB01AAE2" box="[811,1239,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCC1FF6BFC60AAE2" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[811,950,152,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">S. cervigoni</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC2FFF6BFB90AAE2" baseAuthorityName="Fowler" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[965,1094,152,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garmani">S. garmani</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FBBEFF6BFB01AAE2" authorityName=": Springer" authorityYear="1979" box="[1108,1239,151,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haeckelii">S. haeckelii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FAF1FF6BFA42AAE2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1307,1428,151,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FAF1FF6BFA42AAE2" box="[1307,1428,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. stellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; diffuse spots in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FEA3FF4EFE02AA87" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[329,468,188,213]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FEA3FF4EFE02AA87" box="[329,468,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); clasper with rough terminal dermal cover (condition also found only in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FAE5FF4EFA5DAA86" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[1295,1419,189,212]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FAE5FF4EFA5DAA86" box="[1295,1419,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The following combination of characters, although less conspicuous, also helps distinguish this species: anterior nasal flaps covering the upper lip (vs. not covering the upper lip in congeners, except 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FBB2FEF6FE65AB12" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FBB2FEF6FB36AB4E" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[1112,1248,261,284]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">S. cervigoni</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FB06FEF6FA41AB4E" authorityName="Compagno" authorityYear="1988" box="[1260,1431,261,284]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comoroensis">S. comoroensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FF7DFEDBFEFEAB12" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,296,295,320]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">S. duhamelii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FEDFFEDBFE65AB12" baseAuthorityName="Fowler" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[309,435,296,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garmani">S. garmani</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE1FFEDBFDBBAB12" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[501,621,295,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FE1FFEDBFDBBAB12" box="[501,621,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. stellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); spots spread on entire dorsolateral surface (vs. spots restricted to the saddles in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FEF8FEBEFE25AB36" box="[274,499,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FEF8FEBEFE8BAB37" baseAuthorityName="Springer" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[274,349,332,357]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boa">S. boa</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE81FEBEFE25AB36" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[363,499,333,356]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">S. cervigoni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FDC7FEBEFD67AB37" authorityName=": Springer" authorityYear="1979" box="[557,689,332,357]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haeckelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FDC7FEBEFD67AB37" box="[557,689,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. haeckelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); oral canal of lateral line system with 8–10 pores (vs. 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FADFFEBFFAA8AB37" box="[1333,1406,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FA6DFEBEFED4ABDA" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperius">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FA6DFEBEFED4ABDA" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. hesperius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FEFAFE83FEA5ABDA" box="[272,371,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE90FE83FDD0ABDA" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[378,518,367,392]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FE90FE83FDD0ABDA" box="[378,518,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FDFEFE83FDBFABDA" box="[532,617,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="11.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="9.0">9–13 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD9AFE83FD1CABDA" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[624,714,368,392]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FD9AFE83FD1CABDA" box="[624,714,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); commissural teeth presenting three or four cusplets (vs. two or less in the other species, except in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FDCCFE66FD2AABFE" box="[550,764,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FDCCFE66FDA7ABFF" baseAuthorityName="Springer" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[550,625,404,429]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boa">S. boa</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD94FE66FD2AABFE" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[638,764,405,428]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">S. capensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCDCFE66FC69ABFF" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[822,959,404,429]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperius">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FCDCFE66FC69ABFF" box="[822,959,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. hesperius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); interdorsal space 0.6–1.0 times the anal base (vs. larger than the anal base in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FDDEFE4BFA43AB82" box="[564,1429,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FDDEFE4BFDAAAB82" baseAuthorityName="Springer" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[564,636,439,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boa">S. boa</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD62FE4BFCE6AB82" authorityName="Soares, Gomes &amp; de Carvalho" authorityYear="2016" box="[648,816,439,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabofriensis">S. cabofriensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCD1FE4BFC69AB82" authorityName=": Springer" authorityYear="1979" box="[827,959,439,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haeckelii">S. haeckelii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC20FE4BFB82AB82" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[970,1108,439,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperius">S. hesperius</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FBB5FE4BFB14AB82" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[1119,1218,439,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meadi">S. meadi</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FB24FE4BFAF9AB82" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1230,1327,440,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retifer">S. retifer</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FAD0FE4BFA43AB82" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[1338,1429,440,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">S. torrei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FF20FE2EFECDABA6" authorityName="Soares, Gadig &amp; Gomes" authorityYear="2015" box="[202,283,477,500]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugoi">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FF20FE2EFECDABA6" box="[202,283,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. ugoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); pelvic fins triangular (vs. subrectangular in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FCDEFE2EFBE8ABA7" box="[820,1086,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCDEFE2EFC60ABA6" baseAuthorityName="Fowler" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[820,950,477,500]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garmani">S. garmani</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC2EFE2EFBE8ABA7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[964,1086,476,501]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">S. stellaris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FB91FE2EFAD5ABA6" baseAuthorityName="Tanaka" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1147,1283,477,500]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torazame">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FB91FE2EFAD5ABA6" box="[1147,1283,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torazame</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); males with pelvic apron extending through almost the entire length of the pelvic inner margins (vs. extending to only 2/ 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FAA1FDF3FAA2A84A" box="[1355,1396,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
the other species, except in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FE58FDD6FCBBA86E" box="[434,877,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE58FDD6FDE2A86E" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[434,564,549,572]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">S. capensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FDAEFDD6FD00A86F" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[580,726,548,573]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">S. duhamelii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD0FFDD6FCBBA86E" baseAuthorityName="Tanaka" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[741,877,549,572]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torazame">S. torazame</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC5BFDD6FBC6A86E" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[945,1040,549,572]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FC5BFDD6FBC6A86E" box="[945,1040,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); terminal 3 cartilage present (vs. absent in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FEEBFDBBFB4FA832" box="[257,1177,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FEEBFDBBFE7FA832" authorityName="Soares, Gomes &amp; de Carvalho" authorityYear="2016" box="[257,425,583,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabofriensis">S. cabofriensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE59FDBBFDEAA832" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[435,572,584,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">S. cervigoni</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FDACFDBBFD27A832" authorityName="Compagno" authorityYear="1988" box="[582,753,584,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comoroensis">S. comoroensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD16FDBBFC5CA832" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[764,906,583,608]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">S. duhamelii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC7FFDBBFBCFA832" authorityName=": Springer" authorityYear="1979" box="[917,1049,583,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haeckelii">S. haeckelii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FBC9FDBBFB4FA832" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1059,1177,583,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">S. stellaris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FB4CFDBBFAD6A832" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[1190,1280,584,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FB4CFDBBFAD6A832" box="[1190,1280,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FAD7FDBBFA5DA832" authorityName="Soares, Gadig &amp; Gomes" authorityYear="2015" box="[1341,1419,584,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugoi">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FAD7FDBBFA5DA832" box="[1341,1419,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. ugoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); dorsal terminal 2 cartilage elongated and corresponding to 1/4 of dorsal terminal cartilage (vs. reduced and subtriangular in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FEBAFD63FC79A8FA" box="[336,943,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FEBAFD63FE2FA8FA" authorityName="Soares, Gomes &amp; de Carvalho" authorityYear="2016" box="[336,505,655,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabofriensis">S. cabofriensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FDEFFD63FD53A8FA" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[517,645,656,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">S. capensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD7BFD63FCCCA8FA" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[657,794,656,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">S. cervigoni</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCCCFD63FC7DA8FA" authorityName=": Springer" authorityYear="1979" box="[806,939,655,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haeckelii">S. haeckelii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC02FD63FBE0A8FA" authorityName="Soares, Gadig &amp; Gomes" authorityYear="2015" box="[1000,1078,656,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugoi">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FC02FD63FBE0A8FA" box="[1000,1078,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. ugoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; corresponding to 1/ 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FACBFD63FA9BA8FA" box="[1313,1357,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FABFFD63FA4AA8FA" baseAuthorityName="Springer" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1365,1436,655,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boa">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FABFFD63FA4AA8FA" box="[1365,1436,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. boa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FF2DFD46FEA6A89E" authorityName="Compagno" authorityYear="1988" box="[199,368,693,716]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comoroensis">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FF2DFD46FEA6A89E" box="[199,368,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. comoroensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; same length of dorsal terminal cartilage in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC89FD46FC31A89E" baseAuthorityName="Tanaka" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[867,999,693,716]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torazame">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FC89FD46FC31A89E" box="[867,999,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torazame</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); neurocranium with basal plate width 58.2–65.1% NL (vs. 68.2–69.3% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FDC7FD2BFDA5A8A2" baseAuthorityName="Springer" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[557,627,727,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boa">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FDC7FD2BFDA5A8A2" box="[557,627,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. boa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 65.8–75.3% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCC4FD2BFC7CA8A2" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[814,938,728,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FCC4FD2BFC7CA8A2" box="[814,938,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 71.9–82.6% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FB8EFD2BFB3FA8A2" baseAuthorityName="Tanaka" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1124,1257,728,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torazame">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FB8EFD2BFB3FA8A2" box="[1124,1257,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torazame</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 67.4–69.5% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FF7DFD0EFF24A946" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,242,765,788]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FF7DFD0EFF24A946" box="[151,242,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); distance between nasal apertures 27.8–37.6% NL (vs. 12.8–15.6% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FBFDFD0EFB8BA947" baseAuthorityName="Springer" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1047,1117,764,789]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boa">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FBFDFD0EFB8BA947" box="[1047,1117,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. boa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 20.1–26.9% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FAFDFD0EFA43A946" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[1303,1429,765,788]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FAFDFD0EFA43A946" box="[1303,1429,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 17.9–21.6% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FEAEFCD3FE1DA96A" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[324,459,799,824]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperius">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FEAEFCD3FE1DA96A" box="[324,459,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. hesperius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 13.9–25.6% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD62FCD3FD3FA96A" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[648,745,800,824]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retifer">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FD62FCD3FD3FA96A" box="[648,745,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. retifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 15.0–18.3% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC4CFCD3FBD4A96A" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[934,1026,800,824]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FC4CFCD3FBD4A96A" box="[934,1026,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); optic capsules width less than two times their length (vs. 2.7–2.8 times in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FD8AFCB6FB90A90F" box="[608,1094,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD8AFCB6FD7DA90F" baseAuthorityName="Springer" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[608,683,836,861]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boa">S. boa</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD53FCB6FCECA90E" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[697,826,837,860]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">S. capensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCA2FCB6FC03A90F" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[840,981,836,861]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hesperius">S. hesperius</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC09FCB6FB90A90F" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[995,1094,836,861]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meadi">S. meadi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FB63FCB6FAD7A90F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1161,1281,836,861]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FB63FCB6FAD7A90F" box="[1161,1281,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. stellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); upper teeth 40–61 (vs. 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FEFCFC9BFEACA9D2" box="[278,378,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.525" metricValueMax="10.668" metricValueMin="8.382" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="37.5" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="33.0">33–42 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE6BFC9BFE0BA9D2" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[385,477,872,896]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FE6BFC9BFE0BA9D2" box="[385,477,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); lower teeth 36–50 (vs. 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FD11FC94FC89A9D2" box="[763,863,871,896]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6890999999999998" metricValueMax="2.159" metricValueMin="1.2192" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="66.5" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="48.0">48–85 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC8CFC9BFC32A9D2" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[870,996,872,896]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FC8CFC9BFC32A9D2" box="[870,996,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); counts of monospondylous vertebrae 34–40 (vs. 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FEFEFC7FFEA1A9F7" box="[276,375,908,933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.143" metricValueMax="1.1684" metricValueMin="1.1176" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="45.0" valueMax="46.0" valueMin="44.0">44–46 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE94FC7EFE2DA9F6" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[382,507,909,932]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FE94FC7EFE2DA9F6" box="[382,507,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FDE3FC7FFDBAA9F7" box="[521,620,908,933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0795" metricValueMax="1.143" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="42.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="40.0">40–45 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD99FC7EFD2FA9F6" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[627,761,909,932]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FD99FC7EFD2FA9F6" box="[627,761,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. cervigoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FCE2FC7FFC97A9F7" box="[776,833,908,933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="48.0">48 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCA2FC7EFC15A9F6" baseAuthorityName="Fowler" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[840,963,909,932]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="garmani">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FCA2FC7EFC15A9F6" box="[840,963,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. garmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FC3BFC7FFBE2A9F7" box="[977,1076,908,933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1938" metricValueMax="1.2192" metricValueMin="1.1684" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="47.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="46.0">46–48 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FBD1FC7EFB4DA9F7" authorityName="Springer" authorityYear="1966" box="[1083,1179,908,933]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meadi">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FBD1FC7EFB4DA9F7" box="[1083,1179,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. meadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FB41FC7FFAD8A9F7" box="[1195,1294,908,933]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.143" metricValueMax="1.1938" metricValueMin="1.0922" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="45.0" valueMax="47.0" valueMin="43.0">43–47 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FAFEFC7EFA5DA9F7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1300,1419,908,933]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FAFEFC7EFA5DA9F7" box="[1300,1419,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. stellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); adult males between 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FE6EFC5CFDCFA995" box="[388,537,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="445.0" valueMax="520.0" valueMin="370.0">370–520 mm</quantity>
TL and adult females between 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FC96FC5CFBC7A995" box="[892,1041,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="465.0" valueMax="560.0" valueMin="370.0">370–560 mm</quantity>
TL (vs. 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FB98FC5CFB19A995" box="[1138,1231,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.69" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="269.0">269 mm</quantity>
and 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FAECFC43FAB5A995" box="[1286,1379,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.94" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="294.0">294 mm</quantity>
in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FA6DFC43FF00A9BE" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FA6DFC43FF00A9BE" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, respectively; greater than 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD0760612FDECFC27FDB4A9BE" box="[518,610,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="600.0">600 mm</quantity>
TL in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FD45FC26FC69A9BE" box="[687,959,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FD45FC26FCF8A9BE" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[687,814,981,1004]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">S. capensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FCD0FC26FC69A9BE" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[826,959,981,1004]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">S. cervigoni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FC1FFC26FBBDA9BF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1013,1131,980,1005]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FC1FFC26FBBDA9BF" box="[1013,1131,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">S. stellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D0760612FF7DF9F6FD48AC68" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" targetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0760612FF7DF9F6FD48AC68" blockId="21.[151,1437,1541,1594]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FF7DF9F6FEF6AC49" bold="true" box="[151,288,1541,1563]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Neotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0760612FE4BF9F6FCE3AC49" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[417,821,1541,1563]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FE4BF9F6FDA8AC49" box="[417,638,1541,1563]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
, NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D076061BFF2DF992FE28AD2C" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0760612FF2DF992FA43AC28" blockId="21.[151,1437,1633,2018]" box="[199,1429,1633,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0760612FF2DF992FE87AC28" bold="true" box="[199,337,1633,1658]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description</emphasis>
. Morphometric and meristic data are given in 
<tableCitation id="C692C7D5D0760612FCBDF992FC7DAC28" box="[855,939,1633,1658]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="22.[151,239,296,319]" captionTargetBox="[159,1368,378,1971]" captionText="TABLE 4. Morphometric and meristic data of Scyliorhinus canicula. SD, standard deviation; n, number of examined specimens. Total length (TL) in mm, other measurements as percentages of TL." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D">Table 4</tableCitation>
, and neurocranial measurements in 
<tableCitation id="C692C7D5D0760612FAD6F992FA47AC28" box="[1340,1425,1633,1658]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="24.[151,239,328,351]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements of neurocrania in percentages of nasobasal length (%NL) for specimens of Scyliorhinus canicula and S. duhamelii. F, number of examined females; M, number of examined males." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D">Table 5</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0760612FF2DF976FA40AD58" blockId="21.[151,1437,1633,2018]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Body slender and cylindrical, tapering considerably posterior to cloaca (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0760612FBF4F976FB56ACCC" box="[1054,1152,1669,1694]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0760612FB78F975FB66ACCC" box="[1170,1200,1670,1694]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">13</figureCitation>
). Prepectoral length 0.4–0.5 (0.4) times the prepelvic length. Trunk shorter than tail; snout-vent length 0.8–0.9 (0.8) times vent-caudal length. Pectoral-pelvic space 1.4–1.7 (1.6) times the pelvic-anal space. Interdorsal space 1.8–3 (2.4) times the dorsal-caudal space (
<tableCitation id="C692C7D5D0760612FE68F902FE1AAD58" box="[386,460,1777,1802]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="22.[151,239,296,319]" captionTargetBox="[159,1368,378,1971]" captionText="TABLE 4. Morphometric and meristic data of Scyliorhinus canicula. SD, standard deviation; n, number of examined specimens. Total length (TL) in mm, other measurements as percentages of TL." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D">Tab. 4</tableCitation>
). No interdorsal, postdorsal or postanal ridges; lateral crest on caudal peduncle absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0760612FF2DF8E6FAD8AD27" blockId="21.[151,1437,1633,2018]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Head moderately broad and depressed; head length 1.7–2.6 (1.9) times head width (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0760612FB45F8E6FAC7AD7C" box="[1199,1297,1813,1838]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0760612FAC8F8E5FA97AD7C" box="[1314,1345,1814,1838]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">13</figureCitation>
). Snout relatively short, preoral length 0.8–0.9 times mouth width and 0.6–0.8 (0.8) times smaller than preorbital length. Prenasal length 0.6–0.8 (0.8) times internarial space; preorbital length 07–0 8 times interorbital space.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0760611FF2DF871FE14AAAA" blockId="21.[151,1437,1633,2018]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Eye large and slitlike, eye length 1.7–2 (1.9) times its height and 0.2 times smaller than head length (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0760612FAD0F872FA41ADC8" box="[1338,1431,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0760612FF7DF855FF63ADEC" box="[151,181,1958,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">13</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0760612FF29F855FF08ADEC" box="[195,222,1958,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[368,1246,431,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,409,1477]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Scyliorhinus canicula. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">14</figureCitation>
D–E). Eye dorsolateral on head, with lower edge medial to horizontal head rim in dorsal view; subocular ridge strong. Nictitating lower eyelid of rudimentary 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD0760612FCEFF839FCEEADB0" box="[773,824,1994,2018]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
, with shallow subocular pouch and secondary lower eyelid free from upper eyelid. Spiracle close behind but well separated from eye, dorsolaterally on head and somewhat lower than level of eye notch. Spiracle diameter goes 3.8–6.2 (5.3) times in eye length and 5.6–6.7 (6.1) times in interorbital width.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" ID-Table-UUID="DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[151,239,296,319]" targetBox="[159,1368,378,1971]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0750611FF7DFEDBFC31AB0D" blockId="22.[151,1436,295,351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0750611FF7DFEDBFEDDAB6D" bold="true" box="[151,267,296,319]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
Morphometric and meristic data of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD0750611FD71FED4FC53AB6D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[667,901,295,319]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0750611FD71FED4FC53AB6D" box="[667,901,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. SD, standard deviation; n, number of examined specimens. Total length (TL) in mm, other measurements as percentages of TL.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0750611FF75FE89FAE9ADE1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<table id="F91000CED075F9F8FF75FE89FA8EADE1" box="[159,1368,378,1971]" colsContinueIn="23.[159,1343,201,1670]" gridcols="6" gridrows="39" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FE89FA8EABC2" box="[159,1368,378,400]" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FE89FE66ABC2" box="[159,432,378,400]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Characters</th>
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FE89FCDEABC2" box="[691,776,378,400]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Neotype</th>
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFE89FC8BABC2" box="[823,861,378,400]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">n</th>
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FE89FBF8ABC2" box="[955,1070,378,400]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Range</th>
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFE89FB68ABC2" box="[1156,1214,378,400]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mean</th>
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FE89FA8EABC2" box="[1311,1368,378,400]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FE57FA8EABE8" box="[159,1368,420,442]" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FE57FE66ABE8" box="[159,432,420,442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Total length (TL)</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FE57FCDEABE8" box="[691,776,420,442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">417.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFE57FC8BABE8" box="[823,861,420,442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FE57FBF8ABE8" box="[955,1070,420,442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">89.1–718.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFE57FB68ABE8" box="[1156,1214,420,442]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">385.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FE57FA8EABE8" box="[1311,1368,420,442]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">132.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FE3EFA8EABB1" box="[159,1368,461,483]" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FE3EFE66ABB1" box="[159,432,461,483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Precaudal length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FE3EFCDEABB1" box="[691,776,461,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">76.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFE3EFC8BABB1" box="[823,861,461,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FE3EFBF8ABB1" box="[955,1070,461,483]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">70.6–76.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFE3EFB68ABB1" box="[1156,1214,461,483]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">75.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FE3EFA8EABB1" box="[1311,1368,461,483]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FE05FA8EA85E" box="[159,1368,502,524]" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FE05FE66A85E" box="[159,432,502,524]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Eye-spiracle length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FE05FCDEA85E" box="[691,776,502,524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFE05FC8BA85E" box="[823,861,502,524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FE05FBF8A85E" box="[955,1070,502,524]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.5–1.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFE05FB68A85E" box="[1156,1214,502,524]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FE05FA8EA85E" box="[1311,1368,502,524]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FDD3FA8EA864" box="[159,1368,544,566]" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FDD3FE66A864" box="[159,432,544,566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prenasal length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FDD3FCDEA864" box="[691,776,544,566]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFDD3FC8BA864" box="[823,861,544,566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FDD3FBF8A864" box="[955,1070,544,566]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.7–4.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFDD3FB68A864" box="[1156,1214,544,566]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FDD3FA8EA864" box="[1311,1368,544,566]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FDBAFA8EA80D" box="[159,1368,585,607]" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FDBAFE66A80D" box="[159,432,585,607]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Preoral length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FDBAFCDEA80D" box="[691,776,585,607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFDBAFC8BA80D" box="[823,861,585,607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FDBAFBF8A80D" box="[955,1070,585,607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.9–7.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFDBAFB68A80D" box="[1156,1214,585,607]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FDBAFA8EA80D" box="[1311,1368,585,607]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FD81FA8EA8DA" box="[159,1368,626,648]" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FD81FE66A8DA" box="[159,432,626,648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Preorbital length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FD81FCDEA8DA" box="[691,776,626,648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">5.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFD81FC8BA8DA" box="[823,861,626,648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FD81FBF8A8DA" box="[955,1070,626,648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.6–9.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFD81FB68A8DA" box="[1156,1214,626,648]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">5.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FD81FA8EA8DA" box="[1311,1368,626,648]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FD6FFA8EA8E0" box="[159,1368,668,690]" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FD6FFE66A8E0" box="[159,432,668,690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prespiracular length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FD6FFCDEA8E0" box="[691,776,668,690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFD6FFC8BA8E0" box="[823,861,668,690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FD6FFBF8A8E0" box="[955,1070,668,690]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.4–13.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFD6FFB68A8E0" box="[1156,1214,668,690]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FD6FFA8EA8E0" box="[1311,1368,668,690]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FD36FA8EA889" box="[159,1368,709,731]" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FD36FE66A889" box="[159,432,709,731]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prebranchial length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FD36FCDEA889" box="[691,776,709,731]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFD36FC8BA889" box="[823,861,709,731]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FD36FBF8A889" box="[955,1070,709,731]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9.7–18.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFD36FB68A889" box="[1156,1214,709,731]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FD36FA8EA889" box="[1311,1368,709,731]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FD1DFA8EA956" box="[159,1368,750,772]" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FD1DFE66A956" box="[159,432,750,772]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Head length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FD1DFCDEA956" box="[691,776,750,772]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">17.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFD1DFC8BA956" box="[823,861,750,772]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FD1DFBF8A956" box="[955,1070,750,772]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15.0–22.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFD1DFB68A956" box="[1156,1214,750,772]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">18.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FD1DFA8EA956" box="[1311,1368,750,772]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FCEBFA8EA97C" box="[159,1368,792,814]" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FCEBFE66A97C" box="[159,432,792,814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prepectoral length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FCEBFCDEA97C" box="[691,776,792,814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">16.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFCEBFC8BA97C" box="[823,861,792,814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FCEBFBF8A97C" box="[955,1070,792,814]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13.8–21.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFCEBFB68A97C" box="[1156,1214,792,814]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">17.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FCEBFA8EA97C" box="[1311,1368,792,814]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FCB2FA8EA905" box="[159,1368,833,855]" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FCB2FE66A905" box="[159,432,833,855]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Prepelvic length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FCB2FCDEA905" box="[691,776,833,855]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">37.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFCB2FC8BA905" box="[823,861,833,855]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FCB2FBF8A905" box="[955,1070,833,855]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">31.7–48.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFCB2FB68A905" box="[1156,1214,833,855]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">38.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FCB2FA8EA905" box="[1311,1368,833,855]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FC99FA8EA9D2" box="[159,1368,874,896]" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FC99FE66A9D2" box="[159,432,874,896]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Snout-vent length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FC99FCDEA9D2" box="[691,776,874,896]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">39.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFC99FC8BA9D2" box="[823,861,874,896]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FC99FBF8A9D2" box="[955,1070,874,896]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">42.6–51.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFC99FB68A9D2" box="[1156,1214,874,896]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">42.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FC99FA8EA9D2" box="[1311,1368,874,896]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FC67FA8EA9F8" box="[159,1368,916,938]" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FC67FE66A9F8" box="[159,432,916,938]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Vent-caudal length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FC67FCDEA9F8" box="[691,776,916,938]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">61.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFC67FC8BA9F8" box="[823,861,916,938]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FC67FBF8A9F8" box="[955,1070,916,938]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">46.4–61.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFC67FB68A9F8" box="[1156,1214,916,938]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">60.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FC67FA8EA9F8" box="[1311,1368,916,938]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FC4EFA8EA981" box="[159,1368,957,979]" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FC4EFE66A981" box="[159,432,957,979]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pre-first dorsal length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FC4EFCDEA981" box="[691,776,957,979]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">46.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFC4EFC8BA981" box="[823,861,957,979]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FC4EFBF8A981" box="[955,1070,957,979]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">42.0–58.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFC4EFB68A981" box="[1156,1214,957,979]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">47.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FC4EFA8EA981" box="[1311,1368,957,979]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FC15FA8EA9AE" box="[159,1368,998,1020]" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FC15FE66A9AE" box="[159,432,998,1020]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Interdorsal distance</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FC15FCDEA9AE" box="[691,776,998,1020]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFC15FC8BA9AE" box="[823,861,998,1020]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FC15FBF8A9AE" box="[955,1070,998,1020]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9.5–15.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFC15FB68A9AE" box="[1156,1214,998,1020]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FC15FA8EA9AE" box="[1311,1368,998,1020]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FBE3FA8EAE74" box="[159,1368,1040,1062]" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FBE3FE66AE74" box="[159,432,1040,1062]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Dorsal-caudal distance</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FBE3FCDEAE74" box="[691,776,1040,1062]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFBE3FC8BAE74" box="[823,861,1040,1062]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FBE3FBF8AE74" box="[955,1070,1040,1062]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.2–8.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFBE3FB68AE74" box="[1156,1214,1040,1062]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">5.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FBE3FA8EAE74" box="[1311,1368,1040,1062]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FBCAFA8EAE1D" box="[159,1368,1081,1103]" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FBCAFE66AE1D" box="[159,432,1081,1103]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pectoral-pelvic distance</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FBCAFCDEAE1D" box="[691,776,1081,1103]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">16.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFBCAFC8BAE1D" box="[823,861,1081,1103]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">295</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FBCAFBF8AE1D" box="[955,1070,1081,1103]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12.0–21.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFBCAFB68AE1D" box="[1156,1214,1081,1103]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">16.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FBCAFA8EAE1D" box="[1311,1368,1081,1103]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FB91FA8EAE2A" box="[159,1368,1122,1144]" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FB91FE66AE2A" box="[159,432,1122,1144]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pelvic-anal distance</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FB91FCDEAE2A" box="[691,776,1122,1144]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">11.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFB91FC8BAE2A" box="[823,861,1122,1144]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FB91FBF8AE2A" box="[955,1070,1122,1144]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.1–15.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFB91FB68AE2A" box="[1156,1214,1122,1144]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FB91FA8EAE2A" box="[1311,1368,1122,1144]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FB7FFA8EAEF0" box="[159,1368,1164,1186]" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FB7FFE66AEF0" box="[159,432,1164,1186]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Anal-caudal distance</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FB7FFCDEAEF0" box="[691,776,1164,1186]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">8.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFB7FFC8BAEF0" box="[823,861,1164,1186]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FB7FFBF8AEF0" box="[955,1070,1164,1186]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">5.6–10.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFB7FFB68AEF0" box="[1156,1214,1164,1186]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FB7FFA8EAEF0" box="[1311,1368,1164,1186]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FB46FA8EAE99" box="[159,1368,1205,1227]" gridrow="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FB46FE66AE99" box="[159,432,1205,1227]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Interorbital distance</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FB46FCDEAE99" box="[691,776,1205,1227]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">5.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFB46FC8BAE99" box="[823,861,1205,1227]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FB46FBF8AE99" box="[955,1070,1205,1227]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.4–10.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFB46FB68AE99" box="[1156,1214,1205,1227]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">6.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FB46FA8EAE99" box="[1311,1368,1205,1227]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FB2DFA8EAEA6" box="[159,1368,1246,1268]" gridrow="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FB2DFE66AEA6" box="[159,432,1246,1268]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Internarial distance</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FB2DFCDEAEA6" box="[691,776,1246,1268]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFB2DFC8BAEA6" box="[823,861,1246,1268]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FB2DFBF8AEA6" box="[955,1070,1246,1268]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.2–7.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFB2DFB68AEA6" box="[1156,1214,1246,1268]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FB2DFA8EAEA6" box="[1311,1368,1246,1268]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FAFBFA8EAF4C" box="[159,1368,1288,1310]" gridrow="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FAFBFE66AF4C" box="[159,432,1288,1310]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mouth length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FAFBFCDEAF4C" box="[691,776,1288,1310]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">5.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFAFBFC8BAF4C" box="[823,861,1288,1310]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FAFBFBF8AF4C" box="[955,1070,1288,1310]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.2–7.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFAFBFB68AF4C" box="[1156,1214,1288,1310]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FAFBFA8EAF4C" box="[1311,1368,1288,1310]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FAC2FA8EAF15" box="[159,1368,1329,1351]" gridrow="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FAC2FE66AF15" box="[159,432,1329,1351]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mouth width</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FAC2FCDEAF15" box="[691,776,1329,1351]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFAC2FC8BAF15" box="[823,861,1329,1351]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">293</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FAC2FBF8AF15" box="[955,1070,1329,1351]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.2–9.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFAC2FB68AF15" box="[1156,1214,1329,1351]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FAC2FA8EAF15" box="[1311,1368,1329,1351]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FAA9FA8EAF22" box="[159,1368,1370,1392]" gridrow="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FAA9FE66AF22" box="[159,432,1370,1392]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Lower labial furrow length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FAA9FCDEAF22" box="[691,776,1370,1392]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFAA9FC8BAF22" box="[823,861,1370,1392]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">295</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FAA9FBF8AF22" box="[955,1070,1370,1392]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.5–4.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFAA9FB68AF22" box="[1156,1214,1370,1392]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FAA9FA8EAF22" box="[1311,1368,1370,1392]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FA77FA8EAFC8" box="[159,1368,1412,1434]" gridrow="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FA77FE66AFC8" box="[159,432,1412,1434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Eye length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FA77FCDEAFC8" box="[691,776,1412,1434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFA77FC8BAFC8" box="[823,861,1412,1434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FA77FBF8AFC8" box="[955,1070,1412,1434]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.9–5.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFA77FB68AFC8" box="[1156,1214,1412,1434]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FA77FA8EAFC8" box="[1311,1368,1412,1434]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FA5EFA8EAF91" box="[159,1368,1453,1475]" gridrow="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FA5EFE66AF91" box="[159,432,1453,1475]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Eye height</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FA5EFCDEAF91" box="[691,776,1453,1475]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFA5EFC8BAF91" box="[823,861,1453,1475]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FA5EFBF8AF91" box="[955,1070,1453,1475]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.7–2.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFA5EFB68AF91" box="[1156,1214,1453,1475]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FA5EFA8EAF91" box="[1311,1368,1453,1475]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75FA25FA8EAFBE" box="[159,1368,1494,1516]" gridrow="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75FA25FE66AFBE" box="[159,432,1494,1516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spiracle length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59FA25FCDEAFBE" box="[691,776,1494,1516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDFA25FC8BAFBE" box="[823,861,1494,1516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">295</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51FA25FBF8AFBE" box="[955,1070,1494,1516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.6–1.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EFA25FB68AFBE" box="[1156,1214,1494,1516]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5FA25FA8EAFBE" box="[1311,1368,1494,1516]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F9F3FA8EAC44" box="[159,1368,1536,1558]" gridrow="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F9F3FE66AC44" box="[159,432,1536,1558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">First gill slit height</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F9F3FCDEAC44" box="[691,776,1536,1558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF9F3FC8BAC44" box="[823,861,1536,1558]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F9F3FBF8AC44" box="[955,1070,1536,1558]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.2–4.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF9F3FB68AC44" box="[1156,1214,1536,1558]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F9F3FA8EAC44" box="[1311,1368,1536,1558]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F9DAFA8EAC6D" box="[159,1368,1577,1599]" gridrow="29" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F9DAFE66AC6D" box="[159,432,1577,1599]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fifth gill slit height</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F9DAFCDEAC6D" box="[691,776,1577,1599]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF9DAFC8BAC6D" box="[823,861,1577,1599]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F9DAFBF8AC6D" box="[955,1070,1577,1599]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.8–2.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF9DAFB68AC6D" box="[1156,1214,1577,1599]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F9DAFA8EAC6D" box="[1311,1368,1577,1599]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F9A1FA8EAC3A" box="[159,1368,1618,1640]" gridrow="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F9A1FE66AC3A" box="[159,432,1618,1640]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pectoral length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F9A1FCDEAC3A" box="[691,776,1618,1640]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF9A1FC8BAC3A" box="[823,861,1618,1640]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F9A1FBF8AC3A" box="[955,1070,1618,1640]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9.7–16.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF9A1FB68AC3A" box="[1156,1214,1618,1640]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F9A1FA8EAC3A" box="[1311,1368,1618,1640]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F98FFA8EACC0" box="[159,1368,1660,1682]" gridrow="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F98FFE66ACC0" box="[159,432,1660,1682]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pectoral anterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F98FFCDEACC0" box="[691,776,1660,1682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF98FFC8BACC0" box="[823,861,1660,1682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F98FFBF8ACC0" box="[955,1070,1660,1682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">11.2–18.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF98FFB68ACC0" box="[1156,1214,1660,1682]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">14.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F98FFA8EACC0" box="[1311,1368,1660,1682]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F956FA8EACE9" box="[159,1368,1701,1723]" gridrow="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F956FE66ACE9" box="[159,432,1701,1723]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pectoral base</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F956FCDEACE9" box="[691,776,1701,1723]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">5.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF956FC8BACE9" box="[823,861,1701,1723]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F956FBF8ACE9" box="[955,1070,1701,1723]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.5–8.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF956FB68ACE9" box="[1156,1214,1701,1723]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">6.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F956FA8EACE9" box="[1311,1368,1701,1723]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F93DFA8EACB6" box="[159,1368,1742,1764]" gridrow="33" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F93DFE66ACB6" box="[159,432,1742,1764]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pectoral posterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F93DFCDEACB6" box="[691,776,1742,1764]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">8.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF93DFC8BACB6" box="[823,861,1742,1764]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F93DFBF8ACB6" box="[955,1070,1742,1764]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.9–12.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF93DFB68ACB6" box="[1156,1214,1742,1764]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">8.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F93DFA8EACB6" box="[1311,1368,1742,1764]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F90BFA8EAD5C" box="[159,1368,1784,1806]" gridrow="34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F90BFE66AD5C" box="[159,432,1784,1806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pectoral inner margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F90BFCDEAD5C" box="[691,776,1784,1806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">6.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF90BFC8BAD5C" box="[823,861,1784,1806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F90BFBF8AD5C" box="[955,1070,1784,1806]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.4–10.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF90BFB68AD5C" box="[1156,1214,1784,1806]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F90BFA8EAD5C" box="[1311,1368,1784,1806]" gridcol="5" gridrow="34" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F8D2FA8EAD65" box="[159,1368,1825,1847]" gridrow="35" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F8D2FE66AD65" box="[159,432,1825,1847]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pelvic length</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F8D2FCDEAD65" box="[691,776,1825,1847]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF8D2FC8BAD65" box="[823,861,1825,1847]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F8D2FBF8AD65" box="[955,1070,1825,1847]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9.7–16.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF8D2FB68AD65" box="[1156,1214,1825,1847]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F8D2FA8EAD65" box="[1311,1368,1825,1847]" gridcol="5" gridrow="35" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F8B9FA8EAD32" box="[159,1368,1866,1888]" gridrow="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F8B9FE66AD32" box="[159,432,1866,1888]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pelvic anterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F8B9FCDEAD32" box="[691,776,1866,1888]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF8B9FC8BAD32" box="[823,861,1866,1888]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">298</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F8B9FBF8AD32" box="[955,1070,1866,1888]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.1–10.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF8B9FB68AD32" box="[1156,1214,1866,1888]" gridcol="4" gridrow="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">8.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F8B9FA8EAD32" box="[1311,1368,1866,1888]" gridcol="5" gridrow="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F887FA8EADD8" box="[159,1368,1908,1930]" gridrow="37" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F887FE66ADD8" box="[159,432,1908,1930]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pelvic posterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F887FCDEADD8" box="[691,776,1908,1930]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF887FC8BADD8" box="[823,861,1908,1930]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F887FBF8ADD8" box="[955,1070,1908,1930]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4.7–10.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF887FB68ADD8" box="[1156,1214,1908,1930]" gridcol="4" gridrow="37" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">7.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F887FA8EADD8" box="[1311,1368,1908,1930]" gridcol="5" gridrow="37" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD075F9F8FF75F86EFA8EADE1" box="[159,1368,1949,1971]" gridrow="38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<th id="76F19950D075F9F8FF75F86EFE66ADE1" box="[159,432,1949,1971]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pelvic base</th>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FD59F86EFCDEADE1" box="[691,776,1949,1971]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">8.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FCDDF86EFC8BADE1" box="[823,861,1949,1971]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FC51F86EFBF8ADE1" box="[955,1070,1949,1971]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3.6–9.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FB6EF86EFB68ADE1" box="[1156,1214,1949,1971]" gridcol="4" gridrow="38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">8.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D075F9F8FAF5F86EFA8EADE1" box="[1311,1368,1949,1971]" gridcol="5" gridrow="38" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1.1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0750611FBB7F835FA42AD8F" blockId="22.[1117,1428,1990,2013]" box="[1117,1428,1990,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<tableNote id="76F6F3E0D0750611FBB7F835FA42AD8F" box="[1117,1428,1990,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[159,1368,378,1971]" targetPageId="22">......continued on the next page</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D0740610FF75FF53FE5BAAE4" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[159,1343,201,1670]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0740610FF75FF53FE5BAAE4" blockId="23.[159,397,160,182]" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0740610FF75FF53FEDAAAE4" bold="true" box="[159,268,160,182]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
(Continued)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0740610FF75FF3AFAFAACD4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<table id="F91000CED074F9F8FF75FF3AFAE9ACD4" box="[159,1343,201,1670]" colsContinueFrom="22.[159,1368,378,1971]" colsContinueIn="42.[159,1351,734,1955]" gridcols="6" gridrows="36" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FF3AFAE9AA8D" box="[159,1343,201,223]" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FF3AFDFCAA8D" box="[159,554,201,223]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Characters</th>
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FF3AFCDEAA8D" box="[691,776,201,223]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Neotype</th>
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFF3AFC8BAA8D" box="[823,861,201,223]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">n</th>
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FF3AFBF7AA8D" box="[955,1057,201,223]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Range</th>
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFF3AFB68AA8D" box="[1156,1214,201,223]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mean</th>
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FF3AFAE9AA8D" box="[1311,1343,201,223]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FF01FAE9AB5A" box="[159,1343,242,264]" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FF01FDFCAB5A" box="[159,554,242,264]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Pelvic inner length</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FF01FCDEAB5A" box="[691,776,242,264]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFF01FC8BAB5A" box="[823,861,242,264]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FF01FBF7AB5A" box="[955,1057,242,264]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.3–9.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFF01FB68AB5A" box="[1156,1214,242,264]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FF01FAE9AB5A" box="[1311,1343,242,264]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FEEFFAE9AB60" box="[159,1343,284,306]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FEEFFDFCAB60" box="[159,554,284,306]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clasper outer length</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FEEFFCDEAB60" box="[691,776,284,306]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFEEFFC8BAB60" box="[823,861,284,306]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">126</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FEEFFBF7AB60" box="[955,1057,284,306]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.1–6.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFEEFFB68AB60" box="[1156,1214,284,306]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FEEFFAE9AB60" box="[1311,1343,284,306]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FEB6FAE9AB09" box="[159,1343,325,347]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FEB6FDFCAB09" box="[159,554,325,347]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clasper inner length</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FEB6FCDEAB09" box="[691,776,325,347]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFEB6FC8BAB09" box="[823,861,325,347]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">126</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FEB6FBF7AB09" box="[955,1057,325,347]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.0–10.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFEB6FB68AB09" box="[1156,1214,325,347]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FEB6FAE9AB09" box="[1311,1343,325,347]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FE9DFAE9ABD6" box="[159,1343,366,388]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FE9DFDFCABD6" box="[159,554,366,388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clasper base width</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FE9DFCDEABD6" box="[691,776,366,388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFE9DFC8BABD6" box="[823,861,366,388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">124</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FE9DFBF7ABD6" box="[955,1057,366,388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.6–3.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFE9DFB68ABD6" box="[1156,1214,366,388]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FE9DFAE9ABD6" box="[1311,1343,366,388]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FE6BFAE9ABFC" box="[159,1343,408,430]" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FE6BFDFCABFC" box="[159,554,408,430]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Anal anterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FE6BFCDEABFC" box="[691,776,408,430]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFE6BFC8BABFC" box="[823,861,408,430]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FE6BFBF7ABFC" box="[955,1057,408,430]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.5–13.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFE6BFB68ABFC" box="[1156,1214,408,430]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FE6BFAE9ABFC" box="[1311,1343,408,430]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FE32FAE9AB85" box="[159,1343,449,471]" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FE32FDFCAB85" box="[159,554,449,471]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Anal posterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FE32FCDEAB85" box="[691,776,449,471]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">7.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFE32FC8BAB85" box="[823,861,449,471]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">294</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FE32FBF7AB85" box="[955,1057,449,471]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.6–12.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFE32FB68AB85" box="[1156,1214,449,471]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FE32FAE9AB85" box="[1311,1343,449,471]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FE19FAE9A852" box="[159,1343,490,512]" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FE19FDFCA852" box="[159,554,490,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Anal base</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FE19FCDEA852" box="[691,776,490,512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFE19FC8BA852" box="[823,861,490,512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">294</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FE19FBF7A852" box="[955,1057,490,512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">7.3–19.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFE19FB68A852" box="[1156,1214,490,512]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FE19FAE9A852" box="[1311,1343,490,512]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FDE7FAE9A878" box="[159,1343,532,554]" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FDE7FDFCA878" box="[159,554,532,554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Anal height</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FDE7FCDEA878" box="[691,776,532,554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFDE7FC8BA878" box="[823,861,532,554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FDE7FBF7A878" box="[955,1057,532,554]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.0–9.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFDE7FB68A878" box="[1156,1214,532,554]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FDE7FAE9A878" box="[1311,1343,532,554]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FDCEFAE9A801" box="[159,1343,573,595]" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FDCEFDFCA801" box="[159,554,573,595]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Anal inner margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FDCEFCDEA801" box="[691,776,573,595]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFDCEFC8BA801" box="[823,861,573,595]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FDCEFBF7A801" box="[955,1057,573,595]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.4–4.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFDCEFB68A801" box="[1156,1214,573,595]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FDCEFAE9A801" box="[1311,1343,573,595]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FD95FAE9A82E" box="[159,1343,614,636]" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FD95FDFCA82E" box="[159,554,614,636]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">First dorsal anterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FD95FCDEA82E" box="[691,776,614,636]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFD95FC8BA82E" box="[823,861,614,636]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FD95FBF7A82E" box="[955,1057,614,636]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.1–13.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFD95FB68A82E" box="[1156,1214,614,636]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FD95FAE9A82E" box="[1311,1343,614,636]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FD63FAE9A8F4" box="[159,1343,656,678]" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FD63FDFCA8F4" box="[159,554,656,678]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">First dorsal base</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FD63FCDEA8F4" box="[691,776,656,678]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">7.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFD63FC8BA8F4" box="[823,861,656,678]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FD63FBF7A8F4" box="[955,1057,656,678]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.7–10.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFD63FB68A8F4" box="[1156,1214,656,678]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">7.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FD63FAE9A8F4" box="[1311,1343,656,678]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FD4AFAE9A89D" box="[159,1343,697,719]" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FD4AFDFCA89D" box="[159,554,697,719]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">First dorsal height</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FD4AFCDEA89D" box="[691,776,697,719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFD4AFC8BA89D" box="[823,861,697,719]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FD4AFBF7A89D" box="[955,1057,697,719]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.8–7.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFD4AFB68A89D" box="[1156,1214,697,719]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FD4AFAE9A89D" box="[1311,1343,697,719]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FD11FAE9A8AA" box="[159,1343,738,760]" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FD11FDFCA8AA" box="[159,554,738,760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">First dorsal inner margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FD11FCDEA8AA" box="[691,776,738,760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFD11FC8BA8AA" box="[823,861,738,760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FD11FBF7A8AA" box="[955,1057,738,760]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.9–4.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFD11FB68A8AA" box="[1156,1214,738,760]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FD11FAE9A8AA" box="[1311,1343,738,760]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FCFFFAE9A970" box="[159,1343,780,802]" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FCFFFDFCA970" box="[159,554,780,802]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Second dorsal anterior margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FCFFFCDEA970" box="[691,776,780,802]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFCFFFC8BA970" box="[823,861,780,802]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FCFFFBF7A970" box="[955,1057,780,802]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.4–11.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFCFFFB68A970" box="[1156,1214,780,802]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FCFFFAE9A970" box="[1311,1343,780,802]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FCC6FAE9A919" box="[159,1343,821,843]" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FCC6FDFCA919" box="[159,554,821,843]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Second dorsal base</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FCC6FCDEA919" box="[691,776,821,843]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFCC6FC8BA919" box="[823,861,821,843]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FCC6FBF7A919" box="[955,1057,821,843]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.4–9.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFCC6FB68A919" box="[1156,1214,821,843]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FCC6FAE9A919" box="[1311,1343,821,843]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FCADFAE9A926" box="[159,1343,862,884]" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FCADFDFCA926" box="[159,554,862,884]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Second dorsal height</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FCADFCDEA926" box="[691,776,862,884]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFCADFC8BA926" box="[823,861,862,884]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">297</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FCADFBF7A926" box="[955,1057,862,884]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.0–5.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFCADFB68A926" box="[1156,1214,862,884]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FCADFAE9A926" box="[1311,1343,862,884]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FC7BFAE9A9CC" box="[159,1343,904,926]" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FC7BFDFCA9CC" box="[159,554,904,926]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Second dorsal inner margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FC7BFCDEA9CC" box="[691,776,904,926]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFC7BFC8BA9CC" box="[823,861,904,926]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">294</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FC7BFBF7A9CC" box="[955,1057,904,926]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.8–8.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFC7BFB68A9CC" box="[1156,1214,904,926]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FC7BFAE9A9CC" box="[1311,1343,904,926]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FC42FAE9A995" box="[159,1343,945,967]" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FC42FDFCA995" box="[159,554,945,967]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dorsal caudal margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FC42FCDEA995" box="[691,776,945,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">24.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFC42FC8BA995" box="[823,861,945,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">294</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FC42FBF7A995" box="[955,1057,945,967]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">13.6–29.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFC42FB68A995" box="[1156,1214,945,967]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">22.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FC42FAE9A995" box="[1311,1343,945,967]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FC29FAE9A9A2" box="[159,1343,986,1008]" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FC29FDFCA9A2" box="[159,554,986,1008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Preventral caudal margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FC29FCDEA9A2" box="[691,776,986,1008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFC29FC8BA9A2" box="[823,861,986,1008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">296</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FC29FBF7A9A2" box="[955,1057,986,1008]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11.4–22.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFC29FB68A9A2" box="[1156,1214,986,1008]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FC29FAE9A9A2" box="[1311,1343,986,1008]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FBF7FAE9AE48" box="[159,1343,1028,1050]" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FBF7FDFCAE48" box="[159,554,1028,1050]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Postventral caudal margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FBF7FCDEAE48" box="[691,776,1028,1050]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFBF7FC8BAE48" box="[823,861,1028,1050]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">294</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FBF7FBF7AE48" box="[955,1057,1028,1050]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8.0–18.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFBF7FB68AE48" box="[1156,1214,1028,1050]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FBF7FAE9AE48" box="[1311,1343,1028,1050]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FBDEFAE9AE11" box="[159,1343,1069,1091]" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FBDEFDFCAE11" box="[159,554,1069,1091]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Subterminal caudal margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FBDEFCDEAE11" box="[691,776,1069,1091]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFBDEFC8BAE11" box="[823,861,1069,1091]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">293</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FBDEFBF7AE11" box="[955,1057,1069,1091]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.7–10.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFBDEFB68AE11" box="[1156,1214,1069,1091]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FBDEFAE9AE11" box="[1311,1343,1069,1091]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FBA5FAE9AE3E" box="[159,1343,1110,1132]" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FBA5FDFCAE3E" box="[159,554,1110,1132]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Terminal caudal margin</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FBA5FCDEAE3E" box="[691,776,1110,1132]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFBA5FC8BAE3E" box="[823,861,1110,1132]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">292</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FBA5FBF7AE3E" box="[955,1057,1110,1132]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.9–10.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFBA5FB68AE3E" box="[1156,1214,1110,1132]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FBA5FAE9AE3E" box="[1311,1343,1110,1132]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FB73FAE9AEC4" box="[159,1343,1152,1174]" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FB73FDFCAEC4" box="[159,554,1152,1174]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head width</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FB73FCDEAEC4" box="[691,776,1152,1174]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFB73FC8BAEC4" box="[823,861,1152,1174]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">295</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FB73FBF7AEC4" box="[955,1057,1152,1174]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.8–13.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFB73FB68AEC4" box="[1156,1214,1152,1174]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FB73FAE9AEC4" box="[1311,1343,1152,1174]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FB5AFAE9AEED" box="[159,1343,1193,1215]" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FB5AFDFCAEED" box="[159,554,1193,1215]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head height</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FB5AFCDEAEED" box="[691,776,1193,1215]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFB5AFC8BAEED" box="[823,861,1193,1215]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">282</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FB5AFBF7AEED" box="[955,1057,1193,1215]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.6–7.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFB5AFB68AEED" box="[1156,1214,1193,1215]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FB5AFAE9AEED" box="[1311,1343,1193,1215]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FB21FAE9AEBA" box="[159,1343,1234,1256]" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FB21FDFCAEBA" box="[159,554,1234,1256]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Caudal peduncle width</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FB21FCDEAEBA" box="[691,776,1234,1256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFB21FC8BAEBA" box="[823,861,1234,1256]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">271</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FB21FBF7AEBA" box="[955,1057,1234,1256]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.4–4.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFB21FB68AEBA" box="[1156,1214,1234,1256]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FB21FAE9AEBA" box="[1311,1343,1234,1256]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FB0FFAE9AF40" box="[159,1343,1276,1298]" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FB0FFDFCAF40" box="[159,554,1276,1298]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Caudal peduncle height</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FB0FFCDEAF40" box="[691,776,1276,1298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFB0FFC8BAF40" box="[823,861,1276,1298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">265</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FB0FFBF7AF40" box="[955,1057,1276,1298]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.4–5.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFB0FFB68AF40" box="[1156,1214,1276,1298]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FB0FFAE9AF40" box="[1311,1343,1276,1298]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FAD5FAE9AF69" box="[159,1343,1318,1339]" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FAD5FAE9AF69" box="[159,1343,1318,1339]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD0740610FF4FFAD5FED5AF69" box="[165,259,1318,1339]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Meristics</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FABDFAE9AF36" box="[159,1343,1358,1380]" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FABDFDFCAF36" box="[159,554,1358,1380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mandibular canal of lateral line system</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FABDFCDEAF36" box="[691,776,1358,1380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFABDFC8BAF36" box="[823,861,1358,1380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">13</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FABDFBF7AF36" box="[955,1057,1358,1380]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">4–6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFABDFB68AF36" box="[1156,1214,1358,1380]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FABDFAE9AF36" box="[1311,1343,1358,1380]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FA8BFAE9AFDC" box="[159,1343,1400,1422]" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FA8BFDFCAFDC" box="[159,554,1400,1422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oral canal of lateral line system</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FA8BFCDEAFDC" box="[691,776,1400,1422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFA8BFC8BAFDC" box="[823,861,1400,1422]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FA8BFBF7AFDC" box="[955,1057,1400,1422]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8–10</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFA8BFB68AFDC" box="[1156,1214,1400,1422]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FA8BFAE9AFDC" box="[1311,1343,1400,1422]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FA52FAE9AFE5" box="[159,1343,1441,1463]" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FA52FDFCAFE5" box="[159,554,1441,1463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Upper tooth rows</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FA52FCDEAFE5" box="[691,776,1441,1463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">47</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFA52FC8BAFE5" box="[823,861,1441,1463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">95</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FA52FBF7AFE5" box="[955,1057,1441,1463]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">40–61</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFA52FB68AFE5" box="[1156,1214,1441,1463]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FA52FAE9AFE5" box="[1311,1343,1441,1463]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FA39FAE9AFB2" box="[159,1343,1482,1504]" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FA39FDFCAFB2" box="[159,554,1482,1504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Lower tooth rows</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FA39FCDEAFB2" box="[691,776,1482,1504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">42</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFA39FC8BAFB2" box="[823,861,1482,1504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">95</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FA39FBF7AFB2" box="[955,1057,1482,1504]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">36–50</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFA39FB68AFB2" box="[1156,1214,1482,1504]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FA39FAE9AFB2" box="[1311,1343,1482,1504]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75FA07FAE9AC58" box="[159,1343,1524,1546]" gridrow="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75FA07FDFCAC58" box="[159,554,1524,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Pectoral fin radials</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59FA07FCDEAC58" box="[691,776,1524,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDFA07FC8BAC58" box="[823,861,1524,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51FA07FBF7AC58" box="[955,1057,1524,1546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">14–17</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EFA07FB68AC58" box="[1156,1214,1524,1546]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5FA07FAE9AC58" box="[1311,1343,1524,1546]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75F9EEFAE9AC61" box="[159,1343,1565,1587]" gridrow="33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75F9EEFDFCAC61" box="[159,554,1565,1587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Intestinal valve</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59F9EEFCDEAC61" box="[691,776,1565,1587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDF9EEFC8BAC61" box="[823,861,1565,1587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51F9EEFBF7AC61" box="[955,1057,1565,1587]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10–11</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EF9EEFB68AC61" box="[1156,1214,1565,1587]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5F9EEFAE9AC61" box="[1311,1343,1565,1587]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75F9B5FAE9AC0E" box="[159,1343,1606,1628]" gridrow="34" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75F9B5FDFCAC0E" box="[159,554,1606,1628]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Monospondylous vertebrae</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59F9B5FCDEAC0E" box="[691,776,1606,1628]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">36</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDF9B5FC8BAC0E" box="[823,861,1606,1628]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">31</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51F9B5FBF7AC0E" box="[955,1057,1606,1628]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">34–40</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EF9B5FB68AC0E" box="[1156,1214,1606,1628]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5F9B5FAE9AC0E" box="[1311,1343,1606,1628]" gridcol="5" gridrow="34" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD074F9F8FF75F983FAE9ACD4" box="[159,1343,1648,1670]" gridrow="35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76F19950D074F9F8FF75F983FDFCACD4" box="[159,554,1648,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Total vertebrae</th>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FD59F983FCDEACD4" box="[691,776,1648,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">130</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FCDDF983FC8BACD4" box="[823,861,1648,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">30</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FC51F983FBF7ACD4" box="[955,1057,1648,1670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">118–135</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FB6EF983FB68ACD4" box="[1156,1214,1648,1670]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
<td id="76F19950D074F9F8FAF5F983FAE9ACD4" box="[1311,1343,1648,1670]" gridcol="5" gridrow="35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">–</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0740610FF2DF932FB9DACA9" blockId="23.[151,1437,1729,2037]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">First two gill openings about equally wide; first one twice as long as fifth. All gill openings slightly concave and not elevated on dorsolateral surface of head; gill filaments not visible externally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED0740610FF2DF8F7FB05ADA7" blockId="23.[151,1437,1729,2037]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Nostril with broad incurrent aperture, without nasal barbel, and small and oval excurrent aperture; shallow nasoral groove present. Anterior nasal flap large and triangular, covering the posterior nasal flap, excurrent aperture and upper lip; distance between anterior nasal flaps 6–7.5 (7.2) times in nasal flap width (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD0740610FB92F8BFFB05AD36" box="[1144,1235,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[368,1246,431,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,409,1477]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Scyliorhinus canicula. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
A–B). Mesonarial ridge poorly developed and not exceeding the posterior border of the anterior nasal flap. Posterior nasal flap elongated and rodlike, tapering toward the posterior edge and situated on the lateral edge of the excurrent aperture and corresponding to 1/3 of the nasal flap. Mesonarial superior and inferior flaps triangular and corresponding to 1/ 3 of anterior nasal flap. Internarial distance 1.3–1.5 (1.5) times smaller than interorbital distance.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07B061FFF2DFF64FCE4AB4F" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Mouth arched and moderately short, its length goes 1.3–1.4 (1.4) times in mouth width (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07B061FFB41FF64FAD0AAE2" box="[1195,1286,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[368,1246,431,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,409,1477]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Scyliorhinus canicula. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
A–B). Lower labial furrow long and narrow, 2.1–2.2 (2.1) times mouth width. Dorsal labial cartilage 1.3 times the ventral labial cartilage; anterior tip of dorsal labial cartilage reaching the orbital process of the palatoquadrate. Tongue flat and rounded, light-colored, with oral papillae hardly detectable.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D" ID-Table-UUID="DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[159,1425,410,1218]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D" blockId="24.[151,1436,327,383]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07B061FFF7DFEBBFED9AB0D" bold="true" box="[151,271,328,351]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">TABLE 5.</emphasis>
Measurements of neurocrania in percentages of nasobasal length (%NL) for specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07B061FFAFDFEB4FF25AB2D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07B061FFAFDFEB4FF25AB2D" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07B061FFECCFE94FE7DAB2D" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1913" box="[294,427,359,383]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Catulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07B061FFECCFE94FE7DAB2D" box="[294,427,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. F, number of examined females; M, number of examined males.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07B061FFF75FE68FAE4AE90" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<table id="F91000CED07BF9F8FF75FE69FA47AE90" box="[159,1425,410,1218]" gridcols="4" gridrows="20" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FE69FA47ABE2" box="[159,1425,410,432]" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FE69FCBEABE2" box="[159,872,410,432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Measurements</th>
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FE69FB50ABE2" box="[904,1158,410,432]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07B061FFC72FE69FBA5ABE2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[920,1139,410,432]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07B061FFC72FE69FBA5ABE2" box="[920,1139,410,432]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFE69FA47ABE2" box="[1191,1425,410,432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07B061FFB4DFE69FA47ABE2" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1191,1425,410,432]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07B061FFB4DFE69FA47ABE2" box="[1191,1425,410,432]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Scyliorhinus duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FE37FA47AB88" box="[159,1425,452,474]" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FE37FC38AB88" box="[904,1006,452,474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">F = 4</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FE37FB50AB88" box="[1051,1158,452,474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M = 2</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFE37FA47AB88" box="[1191,1425,452,474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M = 1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FE1EFA47A851" box="[159,1425,493,515]" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FE1EFCBEA851" box="[159,872,493,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Rostral length</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FE1EFC38A851" box="[904,1006,493,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">22.2–27.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FE1EFB50A851" box="[1051,1158,493,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">25.8–27.8</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFE1EFA47A851" box="[1191,1425,493,515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">21.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FDE5FA47A87E" box="[159,1425,534,556]" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FDE5FCBEA87E" box="[159,872,534,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Width across lateral rostral cartilages</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FDE5FC38A87E" box="[904,1006,534,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">12.8–18.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FDE5FB50A87E" box="[1051,1158,534,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">15.7–18.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFDE5FA47A87E" box="[1191,1425,534,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">15.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FDB3FA47A804" box="[159,1425,576,598]" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FDB3FCBEA804" box="[159,872,576,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Width across nasal capsules</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FDB3FC38A804" box="[904,1006,576,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">79.6–90.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FDB3FB50A804" box="[1051,1158,576,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">82.1–90.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFDB3FA47A804" box="[1191,1425,576,598]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">84.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FD9AFA47A82D" box="[159,1425,617,639]" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FD9AFCBEA82D" box="[159,872,617,639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Nasal capsule width</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FD9AFC38A82D" box="[904,1006,617,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">38.9–46.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FD9AFB50A82D" box="[1051,1158,617,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42.0–45.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFD9AFA47A82D" box="[1191,1425,617,639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FD61FA47A8FA" box="[159,1425,658,680]" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FD61FCBEA8FA" box="[159,872,658,680]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Nasal capsule length</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FD61FC38A8FA" box="[904,1006,658,680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">34.9–40.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FD61FB50A8FA" box="[1051,1158,658,680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">37.9–47.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFD61FA47A8FA" box="[1191,1425,658,680]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">45.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FD4FFA47A880" box="[159,1425,700,722]" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FD4FFCBEA880" box="[159,872,700,722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distance between nasal apertures</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FD4FFC38A880" box="[904,1006,700,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">29.0–37.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FD4FFB50A880" box="[1051,1158,700,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">27.8– 28.2</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFD4FFA47A880" box="[1191,1425,700,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">20.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FD16FA47A8A9" box="[159,1425,741,763]" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FD16FCBEA8A9" box="[159,872,741,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Nasal aperture width</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FD16FC38A8A9" box="[904,1006,741,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">17.3–28.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FD16FB50A8A9" box="[1051,1158,741,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">13.4–15.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFD16FA47A8A9" box="[1191,1425,741,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">26.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FCFDFA47A976" box="[159,1425,782,804]" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FCFDFCBEA976" box="[159,872,782,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distance between rostral base and posterior edge of anterior fontanelle</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FCFDFC38A976" box="[904,1006,782,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">34.9–42.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FCFDFB50A976" box="[1051,1158,782,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">36.6–42.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFCFDFA47A976" box="[1191,1425,782,804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">40.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FCCBFA47A91C" box="[159,1425,824,846]" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FCCBFCBEA91C" box="[159,872,824,846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Anterior fontanelle width</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FCCBFC38A91C" box="[904,1006,824,846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">20.7–22.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FCCBFB50A91C" box="[1051,1158,824,846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">18.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFCCBFA47A91C" box="[1191,1425,824,846]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">19.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FC92FA47A925" box="[159,1425,865,887]" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FC92FCBEA925" box="[159,872,865,887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Width across orbital notches</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FC92FC38A925" box="[904,1006,865,887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">40.7–49.0</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FC92FB50A925" box="[1051,1158,865,887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">43.3–48.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFC92FA47A925" box="[1191,1425,865,887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FC79FA47A9F2" box="[159,1425,906,928]" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FC79FCBEA9F2" box="[159,872,906,928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orbit length</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FC79FC38A9F2" box="[904,1006,906,928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42.9–46.7</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FC79FB50A9F2" box="[1051,1158,906,928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">44.9–50.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFC79FA47A9F2" box="[1191,1425,906,928]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">44.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FC47FA47A998" box="[159,1425,948,970]" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FC47FCBEA998" box="[159,872,948,970]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Preorbital process length</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FC47FC38A998" box="[904,1006,948,970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">6.0–8.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FC47FB50A998" box="[1051,1158,948,970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">6.2–6.5</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFC47FA47A998" box="[1191,1425,948,970]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">6.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FC2EFA47A9A1" box="[159,1425,989,1011]" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FC2EFCBEA9A1" box="[159,872,989,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Postorbital process length</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FC2EFC38A9A1" box="[904,1006,989,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">7.9–10.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FC2EFB50A9A1" box="[1051,1158,989,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">7.5–9.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFC2EFA47A9A1" box="[1191,1425,989,1011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">8.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FBF5FA47AE4E" box="[159,1425,1030,1052]" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FBF5FCBEAE4E" box="[159,872,1030,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Width across suborbital shelves</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FBF5FC38AE4E" box="[904,1006,1030,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">59.2–65.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FBF5FB50AE4E" box="[1051,1158,1030,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">58.2–61.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFBF5FA47AE4E" box="[1191,1425,1030,1052]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">65.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FBC3FA47AE14" box="[159,1425,1072,1094]" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FBC3FCBEAE14" box="[159,872,1072,1094]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Otic capsules length</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FBC3FC38AE14" box="[904,1006,1072,1094]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">23.1–29.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FBC3FB50AE14" box="[1051,1158,1072,1094]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">28.5–28.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFBC3FA47AE14" box="[1191,1425,1072,1094]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">24.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FBAAFA47AE3D" box="[159,1425,1113,1135]" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FBAAFCBEAE3D" box="[159,872,1113,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Width across otic capsules</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FBAAFC38AE3D" box="[904,1006,1113,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42.6–49.6</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FBAAFB50AE3D" box="[1051,1158,1113,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">44.4–55.1</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFBAAFA47AE3D" box="[1191,1425,1113,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">52.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FB71FA47AECA" box="[159,1425,1154,1176]" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FB71FCBEAECA" box="[159,872,1154,1176]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Width across preorbital processes</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FB71FC38AECA" box="[904,1006,1154,1176]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">53.7–62.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FB71FB50AECA" box="[1051,1158,1154,1176]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">55.4–62.3</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFB71FA47AECA" box="[1191,1425,1154,1176]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">54.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3520F02CD07BF9F8FF75FB5FFA47AE90" box="[159,1425,1196,1218]" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76F19950D07BF9F8FF75FB5FFCBEAE90" box="[159,872,1196,1218]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Width across postorbital processes</th>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FC62FB5FFC38AE90" box="[904,1006,1196,1218]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">62.7–75.9</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FBF1FB5FFB50AE90" box="[1051,1158,1196,1218]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">66.4–70.4</td>
<td id="76F19950D07BF9F8FB4DFB5FFA47AE90" box="[1191,1425,1196,1218]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">65.3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07B061FFF2DFAF1FC72AD95" blockId="24.[151,1437,1282,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Monognathic heterodonty gradual well developed; anterior teeth abruptly greater than the parasymphysial ones and lateral teeth smaller distally, with smaller and thicker principal cusps (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07B061FFBFAFAD5FBBEAF6D" box="[1040,1128,1318,1343]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="27.[151,250,860,882]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,193,839]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[340,1247,193,839]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. Teeth of Scyliorhinus canicula; labial view. NHMUK 1970.12.2.1–4, female, 413.6 mm TL (Malaga Bay, Spain). a, anterior tooth; c, commissural; l, lateral; ps, parassymphysial. Scale bar = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669757/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Sexual heterodonty well pronounced with females presenting more cusplets in parasymphysial, anterior and lateral teeth (4) and principal cusp shorter in relation to males. Tooth counts 20–31 0–1 20–30/ 
<date id="FFAED4AED07B061FFC69FA9CFBD6AFD5" box="[899,1024,1391,1415]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1919-01-18" valueMax="1919-01-28" valueMin="1919-01-18">18–28 1 19</date>
–28 (22–25/19–22). Parasymphysial teeth with a principal cusp flanked by one or two cusplets on each side; proximal cusplets 2/3 the height of principal cusp and marginal cusplets poorly developed. Protuberances on the crown base or striae absent. Anterior teeth with the same number of cusplets and greater and distally narrow principal cusp in relation to parasymphysial teeth. Females with anterior upper teeth presenting proximal cusplets half the height of the principal cusp and marginal cusplets corresponding to 2/3 of proximal cusplets; marginal cusplets half the height of proximal cusplets on lower teeth. Males with upper and lower anterior teeth with a strong principal cusp and cusplets poorly developed or absent. Striae absent from anterior lower teeth and extending almost through the entire length of crown on upper teeth. Lateral teeth with similar shape and slightly smaller than the anterior teeth. Protuberances on the crown base and striae running from the base toward the apex of the crown in both jaws. Lateral upper teeth with slightly oblique principal cusp; straight principal cusp on lower teeth. Commissural upper teeth with three cusplets; principal cusp stronger, slightly oblique and in a more lateral position in the crown. Mesial proximal cusplet with similar length and width corresponding to 2/3 of the principal cusp. Mesial marginal and distal cusplets slightly smaller than the mesial proximal one. Commissural lower teeth with four cusplets; principal cusp semioblique, similar length and as strong as the proximal cusplets. Marginal cusplets slightly smaller than the proximal ones. Protuberances present and striae running from the base toward the apex of crown on labial surface. Ectodermal pits present on lateral and commissural teeth, restricted to the crown base.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D07A061EFF7DFB2FFF2CAF1F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" targetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07A061EFF7DFB2FFF2CAF1F" blockId="25.[151,1435,1244,1357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07A061EFF7DFB2FFEF4AEA0" bold="true" box="[151,290,1244,1266]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07A061EFEC6FB2FFDDCAEA0" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[300,522,1244,1266]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07A061EFEC6FB2FFDDCAEA0" box="[300,522,1244,1266]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07A061EFF2DFA87FC53AC10" blockId="25.[151,1437,1396,2034]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Lateral trunk denticles with flat, elongated teardrop-shaped crowns, 1.3–2.4 times longer than wide (
<tableCitation id="C692C7D5D07A061EFAA8FA87FA5AAFDF" box="[1346,1420,1396,1421]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="13.[151,239,508,531]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 3. Mean values for measurements of dermal denticles of Scyliorhinus* species, expressed in percentages of total length; density presented as absolute values. PL, crown length in pectoral region; PW, crown width in pectoral region; PC, cusplet length in pectoral region; Dens P, density of dermal denticles in pectoral region; DL, crown length in first dorsal region; DW, crown width in first dorsal region; DC, cusplet length in first dorsal region; Dens D, density of dermal denticles of first dorsal region; CL, crown length in caudal peduncle region; CW, crown width in caudal peduncle region; CC, cusplet length in caudal peduncle region; Dens C, density of dermal denticles in caudal peduncle." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D06E060AFF7DFE0FFB00A8E1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" tableUuid="DF6FA2E6D06E060AFF7DFE0FFB00A8E1">Tab. 3</tableCitation>
); anterior part covered with ectodermal pits. Dermal denticles above the pectoral fin with four cusplets, median ridge less prominent than in denticles at other regions and cusplets not extending to the angle between principal cusp and cusplets. Dermal denticles below the dorsal fins longer and presenting median and lateral ridges prominent, extending to the distal tip of cusplets; crown base slightly projected with 1–2 ridges reduced and medial to lateral ridges. Marginal ridges present in denticles of all regions (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07A061EFCCEF9DAFCA1AC10" box="[804,887,1577,1602]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1406,1428]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,963,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[340,1247,963,1385]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Dermal denticles of Scyliorhinus canicula. A–C, NHMUK 1970.12.2.1–4, female, 413.6 mm TL (Malaga Bay, Spain); D–F, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, D, region above pectoral fin base; B, E, region below first dorsal fin origin; C, F, region below second dorsal fin insertion. Scale bar = 250 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669759/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07A061EFF2DF9BFFB12ACA4" blockId="25.[151,1437,1396,2034]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Pectoral base 1.1–1.7 (1.4) times mouth width (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07A061EFD36F9BFFC95AC37" box="[732,835,1612,1637]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[368,1246,431,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,409,1477]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Scyliorhinus canicula. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
). Pectoral anterior margin 2.1–3.2 (2.4) times its base and 1.5–2.3 (2.1) times the posterior margin. Pectoral fin skeleton aplesodic with radials mostly divided into three segments. Propterygium and mesopterygium trapezoidal; the former smaller than the latter. Propterygium with one proximal segment; mesopterygium with 3–4 proximal segments fused proximally. Metapterygium with 8–10 proximal segments. Metapterygial axis rectangular and corresponding to 1/4 of metapterygium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07A061EFF2DF8F2FEF6ADD7" blockId="25.[151,1437,1396,2034]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Pelvic fin triangular (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07A061EFE54F8F2FDCAAD4B" box="[446,540,1793,1818]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[368,1246,431,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,409,1477]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Scyliorhinus canicula. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
F–G); pelvic anterior margin 0.9 times the posterior margin and 1.0–1.1 (1.0) times the pelvic base; posterior and inner margins longer in adult males. Pelvic inner margins of males fused by almost all their extension, with sharp edges; claspers of juveniles covered by the pelvic apron and evident only with lifted apron.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07A061DFF2DF862FD50AB37" blockId="25.[151,1437,1396,2034]" lastBlockId="26.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Clasper short and cylindrical, sometimes extending beyond free rear tips of pelvic fins (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07A061EFB23F862FAE3ADFB" box="[1225,1333,1937,1962]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[368,1246,431,1476]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[340,1247,409,1477]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Scyliorhinus canicula. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
); clasper inner length 1.1–1.3 (1.3) times the pelvic anterior margin, 1.5–2.7 (2.3) times the outer length and 3.1–5.0 (4.6) times the clasper base. Most of clasper surface except dorsomedial surface of glans, mesial edge of cover rhipidion, rhipidion, and terminal dermal cover, covered by dermal denticles with anteriorly directed crowns (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD079061DFAC9FF64FA46AAE2" box="[1315,1424,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1422,1444]" captionTargetBox="[214,1329,342,1392]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[214,1371,313,1398]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 17. Clasper of Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, external morphology; B, skeleton. crh, cover rhipidion; end, endstyle; erh, exorhipidion; hp, hipopyle; rd, dorsal marginal cartilage; rv, ventral marginal cartilage; td, dorsal terminal cartilage; t3, terminal 3 cartilage; td2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; tdc, terminal dermal cover; tv, ventral terminal cartilage; tv2, ventral terminal 2 cartilage. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669761/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
). Clasper hooks absent. Rhipidion poorly developed and extending to the hindquarter of clasper; insertion of rhipidion at the anterior portion of dorsal terminal 2 cartilage. Cover rhipidion poorly developed and with straight edge, reaching medially and slightly anterior to exorhipidion. Envelope absent; pseudosiphon inconspicuous. Terminal dermal cover rough and slightly projected posteriorly, restricted to the clasper tip and reaching the distal portion of exorhipidion and cover rhipidion.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D079061DFF7DFA29FB9CAC1E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669755/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,250,1498,1520]" targetBox="[368,1246,431,1476]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED079061DFF7DFA29FB9CAC1E" blockId="26.[151,1436,1498,1612]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD079061DFF7DFA29FEC9AFA2" bold="true" box="[151,287,1498,1520]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD079061DFECFFA29FDD6AFA2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[293,512,1498,1520]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD079061DFECFFA29FDD6AFA2" box="[293,512,1498,1520]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A, C, NRM 50183, male, 582.4 mm TL (Southern Bohüslan, Sweden); B, D, E, F, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); G, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, B, ventral view of head; C, detail of pectoral fins; D, lateral view of head; E, dorsal view of head; F, detail of pelvic fins and claspers. Scale bar = 20 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED079061DFF2DF980FB54AD36" blockId="26.[151,1437,1651,2036]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Clasper skeleton relatively simple (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD079061DFDB6F980FD12ACDE" box="[604,708,1651,1676]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1422,1444]" captionTargetBox="[214,1329,342,1392]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[214,1371,313,1398]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 17. Clasper of Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, external morphology; B, skeleton. crh, cover rhipidion; end, endstyle; erh, exorhipidion; hp, hipopyle; rd, dorsal marginal cartilage; rv, ventral marginal cartilage; td, dorsal terminal cartilage; t3, terminal 3 cartilage; td2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; tdc, terminal dermal cover; tv, ventral terminal cartilage; tv2, ventral terminal 2 cartilage. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669761/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
). Ventral marginal cartilage shorter than the dorsal one; ventral terminal beginning anteriorly, but ending together with the dorsal terminal. Terminal 3 cartilage present, rodlike and situated between the terminal cartilages, and slightly smaller than the dorsal terminal 2 cartilage. Dorsal terminal 2 cartilage elongated and rod-like, laterally positioned on the dorsal terminal cartilage and at the same level of terminal 3 cartilage; it corresponds to 1/3 of the length of dorsal terminal cartilage. Ventral terminal 2 cartilage with same shape, although stronger than the terminal 3 and dorsal terminal 2 cartilages and corresponding to one half length of ventral terminal cartilage; beginning posteriorly to dorsal terminal 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED079061DFF2DF89CFD5AADA6" blockId="26.[151,1437,1651,2036]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
First dorsal fin triangular, with nearly straight anterior margin, rounded apex and angular free rear tip (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD079061DFAD0F89CFA41ADDA" box="[1338,1431,1903,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD079061DFF7DF867FF60ADFE" box="[151,182,1940,1964]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">13</figureCitation>
). First dorsal fin origin above the anterior third or half of inner margin of pelvic fin; insertion above or slightly posterior to the anterior third of pelvic-anal distance. Anterior margin 1.3–1.6 (1.4) times first dorsal fin base; first dorsal fin height 0.7–0.8 (0.8) times its base.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D078061CFF7DFCAFFC24A9C3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669757/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,860,882]" targetBox="[340,1247,193,839]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED078061CFF7DFCAFFC24A9C3" blockId="27.[151,1436,860,913]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD078061CFF7DFCAFFEC9A920" bold="true" box="[151,287,860,882]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
Teeth of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD078061CFE94FCAFFD8FA920" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[382,601,860,882]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD078061CFE94FCAFFD8FA920" box="[382,601,860,882]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; labial view. NHMUK 1970.12.2.1–4, female, 413.6 mm TL (Malaga Bay, Spain). a, anterior tooth; c, commissural; l, lateral; ps, parassymphysial. Scale bar = 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D078061CFF7DFA8DFA41AF83" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669759/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,1406,1428]" targetBox="[340,1247,963,1385]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED078061CFF7DFA8DFA41AF83" blockId="27.[151,1436,1406,1489]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD078061CFF7DFA8DFEF7AFC6" bold="true" box="[151,289,1406,1428]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
Dermal denticles of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD078061CFE10FA8DFD01AFC6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[506,727,1406,1428]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD078061CFE10FA8DFD01AFC6" box="[506,727,1406,1428]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A–C, NHMUK 1970.12.2.1–4, female, 413.6 mm TL (Malaga Bay, Spain); D–F, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, male, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, D, region above pectoral fin base; B, E, region below first dorsal fin origin; C, F, region below second dorsal fin insertion. Scale bar = 250 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED078061CFF2DFA0BFDD0AC2C" blockId="27.[151,1437,1528,2022]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Second dorsal fin smaller than the first and triangular (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD078061CFCCDFA0BFC52AC43" box="[807,900,1528,1553]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD078061CFC7AFA0AFC79AC43" box="[912,943,1529,1553]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">13</figureCitation>
). Second dorsal fin origin slightly above the hindquarter of anal base or opposite to the anal fin insertion. Anterior margin 1.2–1.6 (1.5) times base of second dorsal fin; second dorsal base 1.7 times its height and 0.9 times the dorsal-caudal distance. First dorsal fin 1.4 times larger than the second dorsal fin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED078061CFF2DF97BFAE2AD5C" blockId="27.[151,1437,1528,2022]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Anal fin low, apically narrow and not falcate (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD078061CFD21F97BFCFFACF3" box="[715,809,1672,1697]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD078061CFCDFF97AFC85ACF3" box="[821,851,1673,1697]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">13</figureCitation>
); anal fin base 2.0–2.1 (2.1) times the second dorsal fin base. Anal fin anterior margin nearly straight, apex narrowly rounded, free rear tip acutely pointed, and inner margin straight. Anal fin base 0.9–1.3 (1.2) times the interdorsal distance and 2.3 times the dorsal-caudal distance. Anal anterior margin 1.1–1.2 (1.1) times the posterior margin; anal fin height 0.3–0.5 (0.5) times its base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED078061CFF2DF8EBFE47AD2B" blockId="27.[151,1437,1528,2022]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Caudal fin narrow-lobed and asymmetrical (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD078061CFD5FF8EBFCC4AD63" box="[693,786,1816,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD078061CFCF7F8EAFCEAAD63" box="[797,828,1817,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">13</figureCitation>
). Dorsal caudal lobe 1.2–1.3 (1.3) times the preventral lobe; subterminal caudal margin 1.1–1.2 (1.1) times the terminal margin. Caudal crest of enlarged denticles absent on caudal fin margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED078061BFF2DF877FEEAAB4F" blockId="27.[151,1437,1528,2022]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Neurocranium broad and somewhat flattened, corresponding to 7.6–9.2% TL. Rostrum length 1.3–1.5 times the distance between lateral rostral cartilages. Nasal capsule as long as wide, oval-shaped and expanded laterally. Distance between nasal apertures proportionately smaller in males (27.8–28.2% NL) than in females (29.0–37.6% NL). Anterior fontanelle proportionately larger in females (20.7–22.6% NL) than in males (18.0% NL); epiphyseal notch very prominent. Orbital region corresponding to 2–2.3 times in the nasobasal length. Otic capsule width 1.6—1.9 times greater than its length. Width across postorbital processes 1.1–1.3 times the preorbital processes width (
<tableCitation id="C692C7D5D07F061BFF0FFEF7FEF8AB4F" box="[229,302,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="24.[151,239,328,351]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements of neurocrania in percentages of nasobasal length (%NL) for specimens of Scyliorhinus canicula and S. duhamelii. F, number of examined females; M, number of examined males." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="DF6FA2E6D07B061FFF7DFEBBFBB3AB2D">Tab. 5</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D07F061BFF7DFA7DFEF6AC4D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669761/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,250,1422,1444]" targetBox="[214,1329,342,1392]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07F061BFF7DFA7DFEF6AC4D" blockId="28.[151,1436,1422,1567]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07F061BFF7DFA7DFEFCAFF6" bold="true" box="[151,298,1422,1444]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
Clasper of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07F061BFE54FA7DFD72AFF6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[446,676,1422,1444]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07F061BFE54FA7DFD72AFF6" box="[446,676,1422,1444]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; dorsal view, NHMUK 1983.8.3.1–4, 585.7 mm TL (Dale Roads, Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom). A, external morphology; B, skeleton. crh, cover rhipidion; end, endstyle; erh, exorhipidion; hp, hipopyle; rd, dorsal marginal cartilage; rv, ventral marginal cartilage; td, dorsal terminal cartilage; t3, terminal 3 cartilage; td2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; tdc, terminal dermal cover; tv, ventral terminal cartilage; tv2, ventral terminal 2 cartilage. Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07F061BFF2DF9B5FE28AD2C" blockId="28.[151,1436,1606,2027]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07F061BFF2DF9B5FE14AC0D" bold="true" box="[199,450,1606,1631]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Coloration in alcohol</emphasis>
. Body beige to cream with seven or eight saddles, darker than the background (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07F061BFAD0F9B5FA41AC0D" box="[1338,1431,1606,1631]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[350,1230,1063,1504]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1057,1520]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. Neotype of Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758), NHMUK 1866.9.10.4, male, 417.1 mm TL (Nice, France). A, dorsal view; B, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669751/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07F061BFF7DF998FF60ACD1" box="[151,182,1643,1667]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[360,1231,219,1212]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[340,1247,193,1222]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scyliorhinus canicula; dorsal view. A, NRM 50450, female, 468.6 mm TL (Skagerrak, Sweden); B, MNHN 1999–1732, female, 418.5 mm TL (Roscoff Station, France, 48°53’1.2”N, 3°58’58.8”W); C, ZMH 100467, female, 411.9 mm TL (North Sea, 52°56’N, 2°50’E); D, USNM 221602, female, 258 mm TL (Western Morocco, 35°09’N, 6°32.20’W). Scale bar = 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669753/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">13</figureCitation>
). Dark spots of varied sizes throughout the entire dorsolateral surface; tiny spots on the head region anterior to spiracles, becoming greater posteriorly Spots greater on lateral surfaces, posterior to pelvic fins and below the lateral line; present on all fins, except anal. Some individuals present lunate spots, without aggregations of spots on the back or sides. Light spots, when present, greater than spiracles. Dorsal longitudinal stripe usually present, darker than the background color, extending from the spiracle level to the caudal peduncle. Presence of subsaddles between saddles anterior to the first dorsal fin. Distal edge of fins pinkish, mainly the paired fins. Males sometimes more pigmented than females. No regional differences in color pattern. Belly and ventral surface of paired fins without spots, uniformly cream.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D07F0619FF2DF879FED5AE0A" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07F061AFF2DF879FC8AAB12" blockId="28.[151,1436,1606,2027]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07F061BFF2DF879FE8FADF1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1930,1955]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution</emphasis>
. This species is widely distributed, extending from the North Sea (southwestern coast of 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFAA9F879FA4AADF1" box="[1347,1436,1930,1955]" name="Sweden" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sweden</collectingCountry>
to Copenhagen, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFEBAF85DFE6BAD95" box="[336,445,1966,1991]" name="Denmark" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Denmark</collectingCountry>
), Northeastern Atlantic Ocean (continental shelves of 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFBCEF85DFBA0AD95" box="[1060,1142,1966,1991]" name="Ireland" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ireland</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFB68F85DFA92AD95" box="[1154,1348,1966,1991]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFABAF85CFA4AAD94" box="[1360,1436,1967,1990]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">France</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFF2DF821FEFCADB9" box="[199,298,2002,2027]" name="Portugal" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Portugal</collectingCountry>
), Mediterranean Sea (continental shelves of 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFCC9F821FCB0ADB9" box="[803,870,2002,2027]" name="Spain" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spain</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFC98F820FC17ADB8" box="[882,961,2003,2026]" name="France" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">France</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFC24F821FBD4ADB9" box="[974,1026,2002,2027]" name="Italy" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Italy</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFBE5F821FBB3ADB9" box="[1039,1125,2002,2027]" name="Tunisia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFB9BF821FB12ADB9" box="[1137,1220,2002,2027]" name="Algeria" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Argelia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07F061BFB17F820FAB2ADB9" box="[1277,1380,2003,2027]" name="Morocco" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Morocco</collectingCountry>
) and northwestern Africa, close to the Strait of 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07E061AFD9DFF64FD0AAAE2" box="[631,732,151,176]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
and to the north of 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07E061AFC2BFF64FBEAAAE2" box="[961,1084,151,176]" name="Mauritania" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE2494A9D07E061AFBA6FF6BFB66AAE2" box="[1100,1200,152,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="925" value="20.5">20°30’N</geoCoordinate>
). Records exist from the Norwegian Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFE90FF4FFDECAA86" author="Gratzianov, V. J." box="[378,570,188,213]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="399 - 406" refId="ref69130" refString="Gratzianov, V. J. (1907) Uber eine besondere Gruppe der Rochen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30 (14), 399 - 406." type="journal article" year="1907">Gratzianov 1907</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFDACFF4FFD02AA87" author="Serena, F." box="[582,724,188,213]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref73487" refString="Serena, F. (2005) Field identification guide to the sharks and rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, 97 pp." type="book" year="2005">Serena 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFD35FF4FFC27AA86" author="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M." box="[735,1009,188,213]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 523" refId="ref67224" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M. (2013) Sharks, batoids, and chimaeras of the North Atlantic. In: FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. Fol. 7. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 523." type="book chapter" year="2013">Ebert &amp; Stehmann 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFC17FF4FFAC5AA86" author="Lynghammar, A. &amp; Christiansen, J. S. &amp; Mecklenburg, C. W. &amp; Karamushko, O. V. &amp; Moller, P. R. &amp; Gallucci, V. F." box="[1021,1299,188,213]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="57 - 66" refId="ref71367" refString="Lynghammar, A., Christiansen, J. S., Mecklenburg, C. W., Karamushko, O. V., Moller, P. R. &amp; Gallucci, V. F. (2013) Species richness and distribution of chondrichthyan fishes in the Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. Biodiversity, 14 (1), 57 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14888386.2012.706198" type="journal article" year="2013">
Lynghammar 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFB73FF4EFB1CAA87" box="[1177,1226,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
); specimens not examined here. Single record from the coast of Murman, 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07E061AFC91FF2CFC1EAAAA" box="[891,968,223,248]" name="Russia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Russia</collectingCountry>
, in the Barents Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFB22FF2CFA59AAAA" author="Gratzianov, V. J." box="[1224,1423,223,248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="399 - 406" refId="ref69130" refString="Gratzianov, V. J. (1907) Uber eine besondere Gruppe der Rochen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30 (14), 399 - 406." type="journal article" year="1907">Gratzianov 1907</bibRefCitation>
); according to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFEC3FEF7FE1DAB4F" author="Dyldin, Y. V." box="[297,459,260,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="40 - 91" refId="ref66931" refString="Dyldin, Y. V. (2015) Annotated checklist of the sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) from waters of Russia and adjacent areas. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 43, 40 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 197957" type="journal article" year="2015">Dyldin (2015)</bibRefCitation>
, specimens have not been captured in this region since then, and therefore, this locality is not included in the geographic range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07E061AFD85FEDBFD3DAB12" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[623,747,295,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFD85FEDBFD3DAB12" box="[623,747,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07E061AFD11FED4FC99AB12" box="[763,847,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1022,1044]" captionTargetBox="[344,1235,377,987]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[340,1247,373,1001]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18. Map showing the geographic distribution of Scyliorhinus canicula based on material examined in this study. Black star indicates the neotype locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669763/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D07E061AFF7DFC0DFDE7AE61" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669763/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[151,250,1022,1044]" targetBox="[344,1235,377,987]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07E061AFF7DFC0DFDE7AE61" blockId="29.[151,1437,1022,1075]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFF7DFC0DFEF4AE46" bold="true" box="[151,290,1022,1044]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
Map showing the geographic distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07E061AFCEAFC0DFC09AE46" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[768,991,1022,1044]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFCEAFC0DFC09AE46" box="[768,991,1022,1044]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on material examined in this study. Black star indicates the neotype locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6FA2E6D07E061AFF7DF949FBE2ACBD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669765/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[151,250,1722,1744]" targetBox="[350,1241,1124,1692]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07E061AFF7DF949FBE2ACBD" blockId="29.[151,1436,1722,1775]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFF7DF949FEF6AC82" bold="true" box="[151,288,1722,1744]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
Egg capsules of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07E061AFE3AF949FD98AC82" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[464,590,1722,1744]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFE3AF949FD98AC82" box="[464,590,1722,1744]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Scyliorhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. A, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07E061AFD21F948FCEAAC82" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[715,828,1722,1744]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFD21F948FCEAAC82" box="[715,828,1722,1744]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, AMNH 4121 (Naples, Italy); B, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07E061AFB7DF948FADEAC82" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[1175,1288,1723,1744]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFB7DF948FADEAC82" box="[1175,1288,1723,1744]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, SAIAB 6286 (Algoa Bay, South Africa); C, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07E061AFE26F929FDF5ACBD" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[460,547,1753,1775]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retifer">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFE26F929FDF5ACBD" box="[460,547,1753,1775]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. retifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, AMNH 15611 (United States). Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07E0619FF2DF8E8FAD8AA87" blockId="29.[151,1437,1819,2024]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFF2DF8E8FEADAD66" bold="true" box="[199,379,1819,1844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Biological data</emphasis>
. Adult males at 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFDD0F8E8FD07AD61" box="[570,721,1819,1844]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="540.0" valueMax="560.0" valueMin="520.0">520–560 mm</quantity>
TL in the North Atlantic and between 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFB78F8EFFAFEAD61" box="[1170,1320,1820,1844]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="385.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="370.0">370–400 mm</quantity>
TL in the Mediterranean Sea. Adult females between 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFD95F8CCFCC5AD05" box="[639,787,1855,1880]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="570.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="540.0">540–600 mm</quantity>
TL in the North Atlantic and between 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFB29F8B3FA8EAD05" box="[1219,1368,1856,1880]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="420.0" valueMax="470.0" valueMin="370.0">370–470 mm</quantity>
TL in the Mediterranean Sea; mean length for the egg deposition, 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFCD6F890FC4CAD29" box="[828,922,1891,1916]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="570.0">570 mm</quantity>
TL in the first region, and 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFB27F897FAFDAD29" box="[1229,1323,1892,1916]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="410.0">410 mm</quantity>
TL in the Mediterranean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFE92F874FE26ADF2" author="Ford, E." box="[376,496,1927,1952]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="468 - 505" refId="ref67978" refString="Ford, E. (1921) A contribution to our knowledge of the life-histories of the dogfishes landed at Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Associaton of the United Kingdom, 12, 468 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400006317" type="journal article" year="1921">Ford 1921</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFE16F87BFD44ADF2" author="Capape, C." box="[508,658,1928,1952]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref64832" refString="Capape, C. (1977) Contribution a la biologie des Scyliorhinidae des cotes tunisiennes. Scyliorhinus canicula (Linne, 1758). Repartition geographique et bathymetrique, sexualite, reproduction, fecondite. Bulletin de l'Office national des Peches de Tunisie, 1, 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="1977">Capapé 1977</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFD77F87BFCA7ADF2" author="Capape, C. &amp; Tomasini, J. A. &amp; Bouchereau, J. - L." box="[669,881,1927,1952]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="87 - 109" refId="ref64883" refString="Capape, C., Tomasini, J. A. &amp; Bouchereau, J. - L. (1991) Observations sur la biologie de la reproduction de la petite roussette Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces, Scyliorhinidae) du Golfe du Lion (France Meridionale). Ichthyophysiologica Acta, 13, 87 - 109." type="journal article" year="1991">
Capapé 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFD12F87AFCFEADF2" box="[760,808,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. 1991
</bibRefCitation>
; Ellis &amp; Shackley 1997; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFB62F874FF05AD96" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I." pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="187 - 191" refId="ref73005" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I. (1998) Reproductive biology of lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758) in the Cantabrian Sea. Scientia marina, 62 (3), 187 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 1998.62 n 3187" type="journal article" year="1998">
Rodríguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFA8EF87AFA42ADF2" box="[1380,1428,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. 1998
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFF34F85FFE76AD96" author="Ivory, P. F. &amp; Jeal, F. &amp; Nolan, C. P." box="[222,416,1963,1988]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="89 - 106" refId="ref69994" refString="Ivory, P. F., Jeal, F. &amp; Nolan, C. P. (2004) Age Determination, Growth and Reproduction in the Lesser-spotted Dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.). Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science, 35, 89 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.2960 / J. v 35. m 504" type="journal article" year="2004">
Ivory 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFEC9F85EFE8AAD96" box="[291,348,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
). Largest examined female 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFD3DF85FFCE3AD91" box="[727,821,1964,1988]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.19" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="719.0">719 mm</quantity>
TL; male 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFC47F858FBDDAD91" box="[941,1035,1963,1988]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="650.0">650 mm</quantity>
TL. Maximum size recorded, 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07E061AFA8EF85FFF15ADB5" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="1000.0">1000 mm</quantity>
TL (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFEECF823FE1CADBA" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[262,458,2000,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref65696" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO species catalogue. Fol. 4. Sharks of the world: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. In: FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Fol. 4. Part 2. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984">Compagno 1984</bibRefCitation>
) may be a result of misidentification with 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07E061AFC3DF823FA41ADBA" authority="(Ebert &amp; Stehmann 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Ebert &amp; Stehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[983,1431,1999,2024]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07E061AFC3DF823FB85ADBA" box="[983,1107,1999,2024]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. stellaris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07E061AFB8DF83CFA59ADBA" author="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M." box="[1127,1423,1999,2024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 523" refId="ref67224" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M. (2013) Sharks, batoids, and chimaeras of the North Atlantic. In: FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. Fol. 7. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 523." type="book chapter" year="2013">Ebert &amp; Stehmann 2013</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; specimens exceeding 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07D0619FE61FF6BFE31AAFD" box="[395,487,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="800.0">800 mm</quantity>
TL rarely observed (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FD38FF64FBFCAAE2" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I." box="[722,1066,151,176]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="187 - 191" refId="ref73005" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I. (1998) Reproductive biology of lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758) in the Cantabrian Sea. Scientia marina, 62 (3), 187 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 1998.62 n 3187" type="journal article" year="1998">
Rodríguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FC5AFF6AFC3EAAE2" box="[944,1000,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
). Males with narrower heads and mouths and shorter intermandibular space than females (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FCFAFF4FFC25AA86" author="Erdogan, Z. A. &amp; Koc, H. T. &amp; Cakir, D. T. &amp; Nerlovic, V. &amp; Dulcic, J." box="[784,1011,188,213]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="165 - 170" refId="ref67427" refString="Erdogan, Z. A., Koc, H. T., Cakir, D. T., Nerlovic, V. &amp; Dulcic, J. (2004) Sexual dimorphism in the small-spotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758), from the Edremit Bay (Turkey). Annales, Series Historia Naturalis, 14 (2), 165 - 170." type="journal article" year="2004">
Erdogan 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FC92FF4EFC66AA87" box="[888,944,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FC14FF4FFAD4AA87" author="Filiz, H. &amp; Taskavak, E." box="[1022,1282,188,213]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="37 - 47" refId="ref67703" refString="Filiz, H. &amp; Taskavak, E. (2006) Sexual dimorphism in the head, mouth, and body morphology of the smallspotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) from Turkey. Acta Adriatica, 47 (1), 37 - 47." type="journal article" year="2006">Filiz &amp; Taskavak 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07D0619FF2DFF2CFE14A84A" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Females can store sperm for long periods, making long periods of oviposition possible (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FB40FF13FA46AAAA" author="Sumpter, J. P. &amp; Jenkins, N. &amp; Dodd, J. M." box="[1194,1424,223,248]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="275 - 285" refId="ref74625" refString="Sumpter, J. P., Jenkins, N. &amp; Dodd, J. M. (1978) Gonadotrophic hormone in the pituitary gland of the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L): distribution and physiological significance. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 36 (2), 275 - 285. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0016 - 6480 (78) 90034 - 5" type="journal article" year="1978">
Sumpter 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FAF9FF12FA93AAAA" box="[1299,1349,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
. 1978
</bibRefCitation>
). Oviposition occurs throughout the year in the Languedocian coast, except in September, with peaks in April and August (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FF13FEDBFE0FAB12" author="Capape, C. &amp; Vergne, Y. &amp; Reynaud, C. &amp; Guelorget, O. &amp; Quignard, J. - P." box="[249,473,295,320]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="47 - 55" refId="ref65081" refString="Capape, C., Vergne, Y., Reynaud, C., Guelorget, O. &amp; Quignard, J. - P. (2008) Maturity, fecundity and occurrence of the smallspotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae) off the Languedocian coast (southern France, north-western Mediterranean). Fie et Milieu, 58 (1), 47 - 55." type="journal article" year="2008">
Capapé 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FEB2FEDAFE45AB12" box="[344,403,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
). In British waters, it happens mostly in the spring with a gap between August and October, peaks in June and July (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FDE2FEBFFD57AB36" author="Ford, E." box="[520,641,332,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="468 - 505" refId="ref67978" refString="Ford, E. (1921) A contribution to our knowledge of the life-histories of the dogfishes landed at Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Associaton of the United Kingdom, 12, 468 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400006317" type="journal article" year="1921">Ford 1921</bibRefCitation>
; Ellis &amp; Shackley 1997). Oviposition occurs throughout the year in the Mediterranean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FE92FE9CFDB4ABDA" author="Kousteni, V. &amp; Kasapidis, P. &amp; Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P." box="[376,610,367,392]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="333 - 343" refId="ref70558" refString="Kousteni, V., Kasapidis, P., Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P. (2014) Strong population genetic structure and contrasting demographic histories for the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Heredity, 114 (3), 333 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / hdy. 2014.107" type="journal article" year="2014">
Kousteni 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FE0CFE82FDC1ABDA" box="[486,535,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
). Egg capsules amber colored, with golden filaments (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07D0619FB2BFE9CFAFFABDA" box="[1217,1321,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[350,1241,1124,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[340,1247,1124,1700]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 19. Egg capsules of Scyliorhinus species. A, S. canicula, AMNH 4121 (Naples, Italy); B, S. capensis, SAIAB 6286 (Algoa Bay, South Africa); C, S. retifer, AMNH 15611 (United States). Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669765/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
). Anterior border nearly straight and posterior one slightly concave; posterior tendrils not crossed. Longitudinal striae present on the walls. Egg capsules vary in size according to location and size of female. Egg capsules are generally anchored on macroalgae or sessile invertebrates and found in large quantities, forming ‘nests’ (Ebert &amp; Stehman 2013; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FF37FE0CFE60A84A" author="Gordon, C. A. &amp; Hood, A. R. &amp; Ellis, J. R." box="[221,438,511,536]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="255 - 280" refId="ref69032" refString="Gordon, C. A., Hood, A. R. &amp; Ellis, J. R. (2016) Descriptions and revised key to the eggcases of the skates (Rajiformes: Rajidae) and catsharks (Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) of the British Isles. Zootaxa, 4150 (3), 255 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4150.3.2" type="journal article" year="2016">
Gordon 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FED0FDF2FEA4A84A" box="[314,370,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07D0619FF2DFDD7FEAEA90E" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
This species inhabits preferably sandy and muddy substrates (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FC75FDD7FBB6A86E" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[927,1120,548,572]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref65696" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO species catalogue. Fol. 4. Sharks of the world: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. In: FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Fol. 4. Part 2. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984">Compagno 1984</bibRefCitation>
) and is captured in depths between 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07D0619FF17FDBBFEA7A80D" box="[253,369,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="205.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="10.0">10–400 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FE6BFDB4FD48A832" author="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M." box="[385,670,583,608]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 523" refId="ref67224" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Stehmann, M. (2013) Sharks, batoids, and chimaeras of the North Atlantic. In: FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. Fol. 7. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 523." type="book chapter" year="2013">Ebert &amp; Stehmann 2013</bibRefCitation>
). It is considered a generalist species and a demersal opportunistic macropredator, consuming a wide range of invertebrates and fishes (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FC2EFD9FFB94A8D6" author="Ford, E." box="[964,1090,620,645]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="468 - 505" refId="ref67978" refString="Ford, E. (1921) A contribution to our knowledge of the life-histories of the dogfishes landed at Plymouth. Journal of the Marine Biological Associaton of the United Kingdom, 12, 468 - 505. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400006317" type="journal article" year="1921">Ford 1921</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FBB9FD9FFB1BA8D6" author="Lyle, J. M." box="[1107,1229,620,645]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="725 - 737" refId="ref71302" refString="Lyle, J. M. (1983) Food and feeding habits of the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.), in Isle of Man waters. Journal of Fish Biology, 23 (6), 725 - 737. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.1983. tb 02950. x" type="journal article" year="1983">Lyle 1983</bibRefCitation>
); food preference reflects general abundance and availability of prey in the environment (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FC14FD7CFBAAA8FA" author="Lyle, J. M." box="[1022,1148,655,680]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="725 - 737" refId="ref71302" refString="Lyle, J. M. (1983) Food and feeding habits of the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.), in Isle of Man waters. Journal of Fish Biology, 23 (6), 725 - 737. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.1983. tb 02950. x" type="journal article" year="1983">Lyle 1983</bibRefCitation>
). Among the organisms identified in stomach contents, there are decapods (
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FD38FD46FC1CA89E" authority=", Liocarcinus" authorityName="Liocarcinus" box="[722,970,693,716]" class="Malacostraca" family="Portunidae" genus="Carcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FD38FD46FC1CA89E" box="[722,970,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Carcinus, Liocarcinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FC14FD47FBA6A89F" box="[1022,1136,692,717]" class="Malacostraca" family="Palaemonidae" genus="Palaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FC14FD47FBA6A89F" box="[1022,1136,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Palaemon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), hermit crabs (
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FACBFD46FEC1A8A2" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Eupagurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernhardus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FACBFD46FEC1A8A2" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Eupagurus bernhardus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), shrimp (
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FE75FD24FDA6A8A2" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1808" box="[415,624,727,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Upogebiidae" genus="Upogebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellata">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FE75FD24FDA6A8A2" box="[415,624,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Upogebia stellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FD50FD2AFC7EA8A2" baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[698,936,727,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Polybiidae" genus="Macropipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FD50FD2AFC7EA8A2" box="[698,936,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Macropipus pusillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), polychaetas (
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FB8DFD24FB0EA8A2" box="[1127,1240,727,752]" class="Polychaeta" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Aphrodita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FB8DFD24FB0EA8A2" box="[1127,1240,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Aphrodita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.), mollusks (
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FF4AFD0EFD5BA947" box="[160,653,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FF4AFD0EFDDCA947" authority=", Glycymeris" authorityName="Glycymeris" box="[160,522,764,789]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Buccinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undatum">Buccinum undatum, Glycymeris</taxonomicName>
glycymeris
</emphasis>
) and holothurians (
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FC85FD0FFC14A947" box="[879,962,764,789]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FC85FD0FFC14A947" box="[879,962,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Thyone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.). Small crustaceans and polychaetas frequently found in juvenile specimens; teleosts and cephalopods become more important during stages of intense growth (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FF1FFCB7FEBDA90E" author="Lyle, J. M." box="[245,363,836,861]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="725 - 737" refId="ref71302" refString="Lyle, J. M. (1983) Food and feeding habits of the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.), in Isle of Man waters. Journal of Fish Biology, 23 (6), 725 - 737. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.1983. tb 02950. x" type="journal article" year="1983">Lyle 1983</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07D0619FF2DFC94FED5AE0A" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FF2DFC94FE5BA9D2" author="Sims, D. W. &amp; Nash, J. P. &amp; Morritt, D." box="[199,397,871,896]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1165 - 1175" refId="ref73757" refString="Sims, D. W., Nash, J. P. &amp; Morritt, D. (2001) Movements and activity of male and female dogfish in a tidal sea lough: alternative behavioural strategies and apparent sexual segregation. Marine Biology, 139 (6), 1165 - 1175. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002270100666" type="journal article" year="2001">
Sims 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FEEFFC9AFEEBA9D2" box="[261,317,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
(2001)
</bibRefCitation>
described a sexual and space/temporal segregation pattern and different behavioral strategies of males and females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FE46FC7EFDFFA9F7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[428,553,908,933]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FE46FC7EFDFFA9F7" box="[428,553,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Females spend more time in shallow waters, under rocks or inside caves, and carrying out raids to deeper waters at night, while males do not take refuge in caves during the day and occupy warmer and distinct areas from females. Foraging behavior of males and females alters when individuals get in touch with the opposite sex (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FE0AFC04FD16AE42" author="Kimber, J. A. &amp; Sims, D. W. &amp; Bellamy, P. H. &amp; Gill, A. B." box="[480,704,1015,1040]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1435 - 1440" refId="ref70400" refString="Kimber, J. A., Sims, D. W., Bellamy, P. H. &amp; Gill, A. B. (2009) Male-female interactions affect foraging behavior within groups of small-spotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula. Animal Behaviour, 77 (6), 1435 - 1440. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. anbehav. 2009.02.014" type="journal article" year="2009">
Kimber 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FDAAFC0AFDACAE42" box="[576,634,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
). Besides that, some studies reported the philopatric behavior of this species, with individuals marked and recaptured in relatively close localities (&lt;
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07D0619FBADFBEFFB44AE67" box="[1095,1170,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FB43FBEFFF21AE0A" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="187 - 191" refId="ref73005" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Velasco, F. &amp; Olaso, I. (1998) Reproductive biology of lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758) in the Cantabrian Sea. Scientia marina, 62 (3), 187 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 1998.62 n 3187" type="journal article" year="1998">
Rodriguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FA62FBEEFF62AE0A" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D07D0619FF2DFB97FEB7AF5E" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07D0619FF2DFB97FEB7AF5E" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Although 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FED0FB96FE6EAE2F" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[314,440,1124,1149]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FED0FB96FE6EAE2F" box="[314,440,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is listed as ‘Least Concern’ (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FCE0FB97FC11AE2E" author="Ellis, J. &amp; Mancusi, C. &amp; Serena, F. &amp; Haka, F. &amp; Guallart, J. &amp; Ungaro, N. &amp; Coelho, R. &amp; Schembri, T. &amp; MacKenzie, K." box="[778,967,1124,1149]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="5415204" refId="ref67336" refString="Ellis, J., Mancusi, C., Serena, F., Haka, F., Guallart, J., Ungaro, N., Coelho, R., Schembri, T. &amp; MacKenzie, K. (2009) Scyliorhinus canicula. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2009, e. T 161399 A 5415204." type="journal article" year="2009">
Ellis 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FCA2FB96FC55AE2F" box="[840,899,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
), it has been considered overexploited in studies of fish stocks (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FE64FB74FD4FAEF2" author="Cardinale, M. &amp; Osio, G. C." box="[398,665,1159,1184]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref65188" refString="Cardinale, M. &amp; Osio, G. C. (2013) Status of Mediterranean and Black Sea resources in European Waters in 2013. Results for stocks in GSA 1 - 29 (Mediterranean and Black Sea), Presentation at DG MARE, EC, 17 September 2013. Available from: http: // www. europarl. europa. eu / document / activities / cont / 201312 / 20131217 ATT 76355 / 20131217 ATT 76355 EN. pdf" type="book" year="2013">Cardinale &amp; Osio 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, there are records of depletion of populations for some areas (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FF0AFB5FFE61AE97" author="Gibson, C. &amp; Valenti, S. V. &amp; Fowler, S. L. &amp; Fordham, S. V." box="[224,439,1196,1221]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref68486" refString="Gibson, C., Valenti, S. V., Fowler, S. L. &amp; Fordham, S. V. (2006) The Conservation Status of Northeast Atlantic Chondrichthyans. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Shark Specialist Group, Newbury, 76 pp." type="book" year="2006">
Gibson 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FED0FB5EFEA5AE97" box="[314,371,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
). This species has moderate commercial importance, and is primarily captured by trawls in several demersal fisheries and retained for human consumption, oil extraction and fish baits (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FB1AFB3CFA41AEBA" author="Springer, S." box="[1264,1431,1231,1256]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref74458" refString="Springer, S. (1979) A revision of the catsharks, Family Scyliorhinidae. NOAA technical report NMFS CIRC, 422, 1 - 97." type="journal article" year="1979">Springer 1979</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FF7DFB07FE83AF5E" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[151,341,1268,1292]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref65696" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO species catalogue. Fol. 4. Sharks of the world: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. In: FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Fol. 4. Part 2. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984">Compagno 1984</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D07D0619FF2DFAE4FD81AD75" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07D0619FF2DFAE4FDEEAFB6" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FF2DFAE4FEE2AF62" bold="true" box="[199,308,1303,1328]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Remarks</emphasis>
. According to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FE0CFAE4FD72AF62" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[486,676,1303,1328]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref71184" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus (1758)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FD59FAE4FCA1AF62" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[691,887,1303,1328]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FD59FAE4FCA1AF62" box="[691,887,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Squalus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FC4FFAE4FB4DAF62" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[933,1179,1303,1328]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FC4FFAE4FB4DAF62" box="[933,1179,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FAA9FAE4FF3EAF07" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Squalidae" genus="Squalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squaliformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catulus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FAA9FAE4FF3EAF07" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Squalus catulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the configuration of pelvic fins, fused in the former and separated in the latter. Several subsequent authors followed this proposal until Jenyns (1853), who pointed out that those differences were, in fact, a secondary sexual dimorphism for 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FDFEFA76FD46AFCF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[532,656,1412,1437]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FDFEFA76FD46AFCF" box="[532,656,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Males of all species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FC48FA77FBF8AFCF" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[930,1070,1412,1437]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FC48FA77FBF8AFCF" box="[930,1070,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scyliorhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
present the pelvic inner margins fused and this fusion is referred here as the ‘pelvic apron’, being more extensive in 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FB8DFA5BFE4FAFB6" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FB8DFA5BFB3FAF92" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1127,1257,1447,1472]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">S. canicula</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FB1DFA5BFAAFAF92" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[1271,1401,1448,1472]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">S. capensis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FA6DFA5BFEDCAFB7" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duhamelii">S. duhamelii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FEFFFA3EFE4FAFB6" baseAuthorityName="Tanaka" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[277,409,1485,1508]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torazame">S. torazame</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FE3CFA3EFDE7AFB6" authorityName="Howell Rivero" authorityYear="1936" box="[470,561,1485,1508]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torrei">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FE3CFA3EFDE7AFB6" box="[470,561,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. torrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07D0619FF2DFA1CFD81AD75" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
The designation of a 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD07D0619FE3BFA03FDFCAC5A" box="[465,554,1520,1544]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FD8DFA03FD3CAC5A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[615,746,1519,1544]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FD8DFA03FD3CAC5A" box="[615,746,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, proposed by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FC75FA1CFB94AC5A" author="Fricke, R." box="[927,1090,1519,1544]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref68133" refString="Fricke, R. (1999) Annotated checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Germany, with remarks on their taxonomic identity. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (A), 587, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1999">Fricke (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, was invalidated because he contradicted articles 75.2 and 75.3 of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FB3AF9E7FA46AC7E" author="Motomura" box="[1232,1424,1556,1580]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="435 - 437" refId="ref71999" refString="Motomura. H. (2001) Invalid neotype designations by Fricke (1999). Ichthyological Research, 48, 435 - 437. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 001 - 8170 - 1" type="journal article" year="2001">Motomura 2001</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FF7DF9C4FEE3AC02" author="Fricke, R." box="[151,309,1591,1616]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref68133" refString="Fricke, R. (1999) Annotated checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Germany, with remarks on their taxonomic identity. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (A), 587, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1999">Fricke (1999)</bibRefCitation>
justified the need of a 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD07D0619FDBDF9CBFD66AC02" box="[599,688,1592,1616]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for the species aiming to stabilize its status and distinguish it unequivocally from 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FE95F9AEFE2EAC27" baseAuthorityName="Ebert &amp; Stehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[383,504,1628,1653]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FE95F9AEFE2EAC27" box="[383,504,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. stellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the author did not review the taxonomy of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FB9EF9AEFB25AC27" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1140,1267,1628,1653]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FB9EF9AEFB25AC27" box="[1140,1267,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
neither did he provide a diagnosis or any reasoning of his designation. Here, we provide a diagnosis and redescription of this species and designate a 
<quantity id="4CE85F8BD07D0619FE4EF957FDD4ACEE" box="[420,514,1700,1724]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="417.0">417 mm</quantity>
TL adult male collected in the Mediterranean Sea as the 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD07D0619FB6DF956FB35ACEF" box="[1159,1251,1701,1725]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
. We believe that this designation will contribute to reduce the misidentifications among 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FC13F93BFBABACB2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1017,1149,1735,1760]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FC13F93BFBABACB2" box="[1017,1149,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other species with overlapping ranges (
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FE6BF91EFD71AD57" box="[385,679,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FE6BF91EFDDDAD56" authorityName="Maurin &amp; Bonnet" authorityYear="1970" box="[385,523,1773,1796]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervigoni">S. cervigoni</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FDF3F91EFD71AD57" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[537,679,1772,1797]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duhamelii">S. duhamelii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FD0BF91EFC8FAD57" baseAuthorityName="Ebert &amp; Stehmann" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[737,857,1772,1797]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellaris">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FD0BF91EFC8FAD57" box="[737,857,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. stellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and also help to distinguish this species from the newly revalidated species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FE2EF8E3FD86AD7A" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[452,592,1807,1832]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FE2EF8E3FD86AD7A" box="[452,592,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D07D0618FF2DF8C7FD4FA8FA" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07D0619FF2DF8C7FD6AAD8E" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FF2DF8C7FD94AD1E" authority="Vaillant, 1888" authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1888" box="[199,578,1844,1869]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutidens">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FF2DF8C7FE4AAD1F" box="[199,412,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scyllium acutidens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FE4EF8C7FD94AD1E" author="Vaillant, L. L." box="[420,578,1844,1869]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref74983" refString="Vaillant, L. L. (1888) Expeditions scientifiques du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et &quot; Talisman &quot; pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Poissons. G. Masson, Paris, 406 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13677" type="book" year="1888">Vaillant, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is considered a questionable synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FBC8F8C7FAC1AD1F" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1058,1303,1844,1869]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FBC8F8C7FAC1AD1F" box="[1058,1303,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FAAEF8C6FEB1AD22" author="Van der Laan, R. &amp; Eschmeyer, W. N. &amp; Fricke, R." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 230" refId="ref75066" refString="Van der Laan, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. &amp; Fricke, R. (2014) Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa Monograph, 3882 (1), 1 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3882.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
<collectingRegion id="49D43C8CD07D0619FAAEF8C6FAA6AD1E" box="[1348,1392,1845,1868]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Van</collectingRegion>
der Laan 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FF3DF8AAFEDFAD22" box="[215,265,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
. (2014)
</bibRefCitation>
. The examination of the 
<typeStatus id="54AB4CCCD07D0619FD6FF8ABFD63AD22" box="[645,693,1880,1904]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
specimens (
<collectingRegion id="49D43C8CD07D0619FCA9F8ABFC4CAD22" box="[835,922,1880,1904]" country="Ireland" name="Monaghan" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MNHN</collectingRegion>
1884–0384, 1884–0385) was not possible as none of them were found. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07D0619FE54F88FFDB0ADC6" author="Vaillant, L. L." box="[446,614,1916,1941]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref74983" refString="Vaillant, L. L. (1888) Expeditions scientifiques du &quot; Travailleur &quot; et &quot; Talisman &quot; pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Poissons. G. Masson, Paris, 406 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13677" type="book" year="1888">Vaillant (1888)</bibRefCitation>
reported the poor state of conservation of the two specimens, and did not describe the morphology of their nasal flaps and mouth, nor their color pattern. Therefore, this species is considered here a nomen dubium for 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07D0619FDD3F836FD63AD8F" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[569,693,1988,2013]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07D0619FDD3F836FD63AD8F" box="[569,693,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07C0618FF2DFF64FCD2ABFE" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FF2DFF64FE14AAE2" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[199,450,151,176]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FF2DFF64FE14AAE2" box="[199,450,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Scyliorhinus canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents a wide distribution range and its intraspecific variation and identity of populations has been discussed in many studies (
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FD53FF4FFC08AA87" author="Leloup, J. &amp; Olivereau, M." box="[697,990,188,213]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="182 - 209" refId="ref71092" refString="Leloup, J. &amp; Olivereau, M. (1951) Donnees biometriques comparatives sur la roussette (Scyllium canicula L.) de la Manche et de la Mediterranee. Fie et Milieu, 2, 182 - 209." type="journal article" year="1951">Leloup &amp; Olivereau 1951</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FC00FF4FFA96AA86" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; de la Gandara, F. &amp; Sanchez, F." box="[1002,1344,188,213]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="363 - 370" refId="ref72934" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., de la Gandara, F. &amp; Sanchez, F. (1997) Preliminary results on growth and movements of dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula (L., 1758) in the Cantabrian Sea. Oceanologica Acta, 21 (2), 363 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0399 - 1784 (98) 80023 - 6" type="journal article" year="1997">
Rodríguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FB2CFF4EFB21AA87" box="[1222,1271,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
; Ellis &amp; Shackley 1997; Litvnov 2003; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FE1EFF2CFC9AAAAA" author="Rodriguez-Cabello, C. &amp; Sanchez, F. &amp; Fernandez, A. &amp; Olaso, I." box="[500,844,223,248]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="57 - 71" refId="ref73067" refString="Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Sanchez, F., Fernandez, A. &amp; Olaso, I. (2004) Is the lesser spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula) population from the Cantabrian Sea a unique stock? Fisheries Research, 69 (1), 57 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. fishres. 2004.04.002" type="journal article" year="2004">
Rodríguez-Cabello 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FD3BFF12FCD5AAAA" box="[721,771,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2004
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FCB2FF2CFBE1AAAA" author="Barbieri, M. &amp; Maltagliati, F. &amp; Roldan, M. I. &amp; Castelli, A." box="[856,1079,223,248]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="11 - 16" refId="ref63305" refString="Barbieri, M., Maltagliati, F., Roldan, M. I. &amp; Castelli, A. (2014) Molecular contribution to stock identification in the smallspotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula (Chondrichthyes, Scyliorhinidae). Fisheries Research, 154, 11 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. fishres. 2014.01.021" type="journal article" year="2014">
Barbieri 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FC56FF12FC3AAAAA" box="[956,1004,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FBA9FF2CFAFBAAAA" author="Kousteni, V. &amp; Kasapidis, P. &amp; Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P." box="[1091,1325,223,248]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="333 - 343" refId="ref70558" refString="Kousteni, V., Kasapidis, P., Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P. (2014) Strong population genetic structure and contrasting demographic histories for the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Heredity, 114 (3), 333 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / hdy. 2014.107" type="journal article" year="2014">
Kousteni 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FB5AFF12FB34AAAA" box="[1200,1250,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FAAAFF2CFEF1AB4E" author="Barbieri, M. &amp; Maltagliati, F. &amp; Roldan, M. I. &amp; Castelli, A." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="11 - 16" refId="ref63305" refString="Barbieri, M., Maltagliati, F., Roldan, M. I. &amp; Castelli, A. (2014) Molecular contribution to stock identification in the smallspotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula (Chondrichthyes, Scyliorhinidae). Fisheries Research, 154, 11 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. fishres. 2014.01.021" type="journal article" year="2014">
Barbieri 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FF7DFEF6FF1CAB4F" box="[151,202,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. (2014)
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FE8EFEF7FDB0AB4E" author="Kousteni, V. &amp; Kasapidis, P. &amp; Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P." box="[356,614,260,285]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="333 - 343" refId="ref70558" refString="Kousteni, V., Kasapidis, P., Kotoulas, G. &amp; Megalofonou, P. (2014) Strong population genetic structure and contrasting demographic histories for the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) in the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Heredity, 114 (3), 333 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / hdy. 2014.107" type="journal article" year="2014">
Kousteni 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FE3EFEF6FDDEAB4F" box="[468,520,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. (2014)
</bibRefCitation>
, analyzing molecular data and performing different sampling schemes, concluded that populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FDECFEDBFD5FAB12" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[518,649,295,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FDECFEDBFD5FAB12" box="[518,649,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Adriatic and Ionian seas are genetically different from populations from other regions of the Mediterranean Sea. These results may be related to the presence of specimens of both 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FF1EFE83FEA2ABDA" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[244,372,367,392]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FF1EFE83FEA2ABDA" box="[244,372,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FE5BFE83FD96ABDA" ID-CoL="RWKY" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[433,576,367,392]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FE5BFE83FD96ABDA" box="[433,576,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their samples, considering the overall morphological similarity of both species and the geographic distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FD9BFE66FD2BABFF" ID-CoL="RWKY" baseAuthorityName="Garman" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[625,765,404,429]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duhamelii">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FD9BFE66FD2BABFF" box="[625,765,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. duhamelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07C0618FF1FFE44FD4FA8FA" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Litivnov (2003) reported the presence of sexual heterodonty in individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FB4DFE4BFAFCAB82" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1191,1322,439,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FB4DFE4BFAFCAB82" box="[1191,1322,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from off northwestern Africa, in which males presented poorly developed cusplets and females had narrower teeth with more cusplets. Litvinov (2003) suggested the existence of a new species distinct from 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FB8DFDF3FB33A84A" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1127,1253,511,536]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FB8DFDF3FB33A84A" box="[1127,1253,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in northwestern Africa, based on the lack of information on sexual heterodonty in other populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FB8DFDD6FB35A86F" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1127,1251,548,573]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FB8DFDD6FB35A86F" box="[1127,1251,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FB18FDD7FA41A86E" author="Springer, S." box="[1266,1431,548,573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref74458" refString="Springer, S. (1979) A revision of the catsharks, Family Scyliorhinidae. NOAA technical report NMFS CIRC, 422, 1 - 97." type="journal article" year="1979">Springer 1979</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FF7DFDBBFEA0A832" author="Herman, J. &amp; Hovestad-Euler, M. &amp; Hovestad, D. C." box="[151,374,583,608]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="181 - 230" refId="ref69644" refString="Herman, J., Hovestad-Euler, M. &amp; Hovestad, D. C. (1990) Contributions to the study of the comparative morphology of teeth and other relevant ichthyodorulites in living superspecific taxa of Chondrichthyan fishes. Part A: Selachii. No. 2 b: Order: Carcharhiniformes - Familiy: Scyliorhinidae. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Biologie, 60, 181 - 230." type="journal article" year="1990">
Herman 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FF13FDBAFEFAA832" box="[249,300,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 1990
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF818F9FD07C0618FE69FDBBFD55A832" author="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Dando, M. &amp; Fowler, S." box="[387,643,583,608]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref66247" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Dando, M. &amp; Fowler, S. (2005) Sharks of the World. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 368 pp." type="book" year="2005">
Compagno 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FDECFDBAFDE1A832" box="[518,567,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
; Ebert 
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FD3EFDBAFCD1A832" box="[724,775,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2013a) and the absence of records between 34°N and the Strait of 
<collectingCountry id="F307B2FED07C0618FEE1FD9FFEA4A8D7" box="[267,370,620,645]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
. However, sexual heterodonty was also observed in populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FB54FD9EFA95A8D7" ID-CoL="9G677" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1214,1347,620,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FB54FD9EFA95A8D7" box="[1214,1347,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Mediterranean Sea and Northeastern Atlantic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AA1E5D07C0618FF2DFD47FBBAA90F" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAFF26ED07C0618FF2DFD47FBBAA90F" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Specimens collected in northwestern Africa present a color pattern composed of dark spots two times greater than the spiracles, occurring posteriorly from the eye region (
<figureCitation id="132BEEEBD07C0618FCBCFD24FC16A8A2" box="[854,960,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,976,998]" captionTargetBox="[184,1426,235,926]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1435,195,955]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Clasper skeleton of Scyliorhinus species distributed along the southwestern Atlantic; dorsal view of skeleton. A, Scyliorhinus cabofriensis, UERJ 1702, 468 mm TL; B, S. haeckelii, UERJ 2233.6, 449 mm TL; C, S. ugoi, UERJ 1725, 530 mm TL. end, endstyle; rd, dorsal marginal cartilage; rh, rhipidion; rv, ventral marginal cartilage; td, dorsal terminal cartilage; td2, dorsal terminal 2 cartilage; tv, ventral terminal cartilage; tv2, ventral terminal 2 cartilage. Modified from Soares et al. (2015, 2016). Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2669747/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
). The neurocranium and claspers of these specimens were not examined due to the unavailability material. This population is temporarily identified here as 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FA6DFD0EFF2EA96A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicula">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FA6DFD0EFF2EA96A" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">S. canicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
until more data are available. Expeditions to collect specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1089EDD07C0618FC09FCECFBB9A96A" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1816" box="[995,1135,799,824]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9642E7CD07C0618FC09FCECFBB9A96A" box="[995,1135,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Scyliorhinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along northwestern Africa and in the Indian Ocean are really necessary due to the scarcity of data in these regions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>