751 lines
117 KiB
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751 lines
117 KiB
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<mods:title id="F85704F4158B7D537E3151BC9C137B01">Systematic revision of the species of Protypotherium (Notoungulata: Interatheriidae) from the Santa Cruz Formation (Early-Middle Miocene), Argentinian Patagonia: a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the Interatheriidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3B7B2CFD0D000E31505CB1DBD3D1311E">Fernández, Mercedes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="41663AAF1D13BBBC16086E48FDEA4097">División Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘ Bernardino Rivadavia’, Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina & Laboratorio Anatomía y Evolución de los Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución 6700 Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina & Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Juan Domingo Perón 2158, C 1040 AAH, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EAAE8978C2AE5F6E3E264F7FE5686904">Fernicola, Juan C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5F690F6D603DB4256EF846D67B38D09E">División Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘ Bernardino Rivadavia’, Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina & Laboratorio Anatomía y Evolución de los Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución 6700 Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina & Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Juan Domingo Perón 2158, C 1040 AAH, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B2F5C2F32932BE8065717A572F66DB2">Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Juan Domingo Perón 2158, C 1040 AAH, Buenos Aires, Argentina & Paleobiología y Paleoecología, Instituto de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales, Centro Científico Tecnológico-CONICET-Mendoza, Avenida Ruiz Leal s / n, M 5500 Mendoza, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C30297D4E92B47609D8EF9E1FAD3F9A8" box="[942,1357,1621,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92B47609D8EF9E1FAD3F9A8" blockId="4.[942,1357,1621,1648]" box="[942,1357,1621,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">
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<heading id="D0EF7333E92B47609D8EF9E1FAD3F9A8" bold="true" box="[942,1357,1621,1648]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609D8EF9E1FAD3F9A8" bold="true" box="[942,1357,1621,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92B47609DD8F9E1FAD3F9A8" authority="Ameghino, 1885" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[1016,1357,1621,1648]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609DD8F9E1FB06F9B7" bold="true" box="[1016,1176,1621,1648]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Protypotherium</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92B47609ABCF9E1FAD3F9A8" author="Ameghino F" box="[1180,1357,1621,1647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" pagination="5 - 207" refId="ref21702" refString="Ameghino F. Nuevos restos de mamiferos fosiles oligocenos, recogidos por el profesor Pedro Scalabrini y pertenecientes al Museo Provincial de la Ciudad del Parana. Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba 1885; 8: 5 - 207." type="journal article" year="1885">Ameghino, 1885</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30297D4E92B47639D19F9C8FD65F873" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92B47609D19F9C8FA5DF897" blockId="4.[825,1475,1659,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE92B47609D64F9CFFC04F953" box="[836,922,1659,1684]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStart-3="Figure 5" captionStart-4="Figure 6" captionStart-5="Figure 7" captionStartId-0="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionStartId-1="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionStartId-2="7.[113,178,1701,1725]" captionStartId-3="8.[129,194,1753,1777]" captionStartId-4="9.[112,177,1757,1781]" captionStartId-5="10.[128,193,598,622]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetBox-1="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetBox-2="[147,1428,146,1672]" captionTargetBox-3="[257,1345,147,1723]" captionTargetBox-4="[242,1330,147,1727]" captionTargetBox-5="[164,1435,147,567]" captionTargetId-0="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetId-1="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetId-2="figure-66@7.[145,1428,144,1673]" captionTargetId-3="figure-83@8.[254,1348,144,1726]" captionTargetId-4="figure-87@9.[239,1333,144,1730]" captionTargetId-5="figure-773@10.[161,1441,144,570]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="10" captionText-0="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-1="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-2="Figure 4. Protypotherium antiquum, in occlusal view: (A) ZMK 21/1877, right mandibular fragment with p4–m3; (B) IBIGEO-P 39, less mandibular fragment with p4–m3. Protypotherium australe, in occlusal view: (C) MACN-A 1338 (cast), less maxillary fragment with P3 (broken)–M3. Protypotherium praerutilum, in occlusal view:(D) MACN-A 1081, incomplete skull; (E) MACN-A 3920, complete skull; (F) AMNH 9565, incomplete skull.Protypotherium australe, in occlusal view: (G) MACN-A 9644, incomplete skull. ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-3="Figure 5. Scaưer diagram of the Santacrucian species of Protypotherium (except for Pr.claudum). A, Length vs.width of M1. B, Length vs. width of m1. Abbreviations: L, length; W, width." captionText-4="Figure 6. Scaưer diagram of the Santacrucian species of Protypotherium (except for Pr.claudum). A, Length vs. width of M2. B, Length vs. width of m2. Abbreviations: L, length; W, width." captionText-5="Figure 7. Box-plot showing the length of I1–3 in: (A) Pr.praerutilum; (B) Pr.australe." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426274" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426276" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426278" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426280" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8426274/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8426276/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/8426278/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/8426280/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Figs 2–7</figureCitation>
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; Supporting Information,
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<tableCitation id="C69AF1E4E92B47609A87F9CFFABDF953" box="[1191,1315,1659,1684]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="21.[113,168,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Table 1. Synthesis of the taxonomic scheme regarding the Santacrucian Interatheriinae genera Protypotherium, Interatherium (asser Fernández et al. 2023), Patriarchus (asser Fernández et al.2019), and Neoicochilus (asser Fernández et al.2021b). Species indicated in bold are the synonyms proposed in this contribution" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6794D7E93A47719E51FF3BFE73FF18" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" tableUuid="DF6794D7E93A47719E51FF3BFE73FF18">Tables S1–S</tableCitation>
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2) 1882
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<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92B47609DA9F92FFB0FF975" authority="Moreno" authorityName="Moreno" authorityYear="1882" box="[905,1169,1691,1715]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Toxodontophanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609DA9F92FFBA6F974" box="[905,1080,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Toxodontophanus</emphasis>
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Moreno
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 23 (
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609AFBF928FAF8F974" box="[1243,1382,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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). 1885
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<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92B47609DA9F90EFB0BF915" authority="Ameghino" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[905,1173,1722,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609DA9F90EFBBDF915" box="[905,1059,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Protypotherium</emphasis>
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Ameghino
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 81 (original description). 1887a
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<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92B47609DB4F96DFB25F936" authority="Ameghino" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[916,1211,1753,1777]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Toxodontophanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609DB4F96DFBDDF936" box="[916,1091,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Toxodontophanus</emphasis>
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Ameghino
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 64 (original description). 2018
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<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92B47609DA9F8ACFB55F8F7" authority="Ameghino, 1904" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[905,1227,1816,1840]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Epipatriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609DA9F8ACFB87F8F7" box="[905,1049,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Epipatriarchus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92B47609A3EF8ACFB55F8F7" author="Ameghino F" box="[1054,1227,1816,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" pagination="225 - 291" refId="ref22125" refString="Ameghino F. Nuevas especies de mamiferos cretaceos y terciarios de la Republica Argentina. Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 1904; 56: 162 - 175, 327 - 341, 58: 35 - 42, 56 - 71, 182 - 192, 225 - 291." type="journal article" year="1904">Ameghino, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Vera
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609B27F8ADFAA8F8F7" box="[1287,1334,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">et al.</emphasis>
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p. 203. 2021a
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<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92B47609DB2F883FB35F897" authority="Ameghino, 1901" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[914,1195,1847,1872]" class="Mammalia" genus="Eudiastatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609DB2F883FB9EF888" box="[914,1024,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Eudiastatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92B47609A24F883FB35F897" author="Ameghino F" box="[1028,1195,1847,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" pagination="348 - 426" refId="ref22061" refString="Ameghino F. Notices preliminaires sur les ongules nouveaux des terrains Cretaces de Patagonie. Boletin Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba 1901; 16: 348 - 426." type="journal article" year="1901">Ameghino, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Fernández
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609B3FF88CFAD5F888" box="[1311,1355,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">et al.</emphasis>
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p. 882–883.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92B47609D19F8C6FA0FF800" blockId="4.[825,1475,1905,1992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">
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<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609D19F8C6FC21F84E" box="[825,959,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">
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<typeStatus id="54A37AFDE92B47609D19F8C6FCF7F84E" box="[825,873,1906,1929]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92B47609DEFF8C5FCCCF86F" authority="Ameghino, 1885, p. 81" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="1885" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiquum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92B47609DEFF8C5FB46F84E" box="[975,1240,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Protypotherium antiquum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92B47609AC7F8C5FA03F84E" author="Ameghino F" box="[1255,1437,1905,1929]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" pagination="5 - 207" refId="ref21702" refString="Ameghino F. Nuevos restos de mamiferos fosiles oligocenos, recogidos por el profesor Pedro Scalabrini y pertenecientes al Museo Provincial de la Ciudad del Parana. Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba 1885; 8: 5 - 207." type="journal article" year="1885">Ameghino, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 81
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–83 (original designation);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92B47609A5EF824FAAFF86F" author="Ameghino F" box="[1150,1329,1936,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="421" pagination="1 - 1028" refId="ref21871" refString="Ameghino F. Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias Cordoba 1889; 6: 1 - 1028, atlas, 98 pls." type="journal article" year="1889">Ameghino, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 15, fig.1, from Ituzaingó Formation,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DC0ABDE92B47609A6EF804FA85F800" box="[1102,1307,1967,1992]" country="Argentina" name="Entre Rios" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Entre Ríos Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F84CFE92B47609B04F81BFA12F800" box="[1316,1420,1967,1991]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="421">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6794D7E92A47619E51F947FEB4F875" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="422" startId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" targetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92A47619E51F947FEB4F875" blockId="5.[113,1449,1779,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92A47619E51F947FF57F8CC" bold="true" box="[113,201,1779,1803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="422">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92A47619EEEF947FE36F8CC" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[206,424,1779,1803]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="5" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92A47619EEEF947FE36F8CC" box="[206,424,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="422">Protypotherium australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(D–E, G, I–J, L) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92A47619C53F940FD62F8CC" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[627,764,1779,1803]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="5" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praerutilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92A47619C53F940FD62F8CC" box="[627,764,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="422">Pr. praerutilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92A47619ACEF8CBFB66F850" bold="true" box="[1262,1272,1919,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="422">*</emphasis>
|
||
indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6794D7E92947629EA1F95BFBB5F854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" startId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" targetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92947629EA1F95BFBB5F854" blockId="6.[129,1474,1775,1939]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92947629EA1F95BFF46F8C0" bold="true" box="[129,216,1775,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92947629EFDF95BFE29F8C0" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[221,439,1775,1799]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92947629EFDF95BFE29F8C0" box="[221,439,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Protypotherium australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(B, F–M) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92947629C64F944FD53F8C0" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[580,717,1775,1799]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="6" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praerutilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92947629C64F944FD53F8C0" box="[580,717,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">Pr. praerutilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92947629FEBF8CFFE4BF854" bold="true" box="[459,469,1915,1939]" pageId="6" pageNumber="423">*</emphasis>
|
||
indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6794D7E92847639E51F911FF6AF8EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426274" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8426274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426274/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" startId="7.[113,178,1701,1725]" targetBox="[147,1428,146,1672]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92847639E51F911FF6AF8EB" blockId="7.[113,1454,1701,1837]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639E51F911FF57F97A" bold="true" box="[113,201,1701,1725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639EEEF911FE27F97A" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[206,441,1701,1725]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antiquum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639EEEF911FE27F97A" box="[206,441,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Protypotherium antiquum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in occlusal view: (A) ZMK 21/1877, right mandibular fragment with p4–m3; (B) IBIGEO-P 39, less mandibular fragment with p4–m3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639F9CF975FD08F91E" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[444,662,1729,1753]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639F9CF975FD08F91E" box="[444,662,1729,1753]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Protypotherium australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in occlusal view: (C) MACN-A 1338 (cast), less maxillary fragment with P3 (broken)–M3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639F20F969FE61F932" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[256,511,1757,1781]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praerutilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639F20F969FE61F932" box="[256,511,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Protypotherium praerutilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in occlusal view: (D) MACN-A 1081, incomplete skull; (E) MACN-A 3920, complete skull; (F) AMNH 9565, incomplete skull.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639F81F94DFDE2F8D6" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[417,636,1785,1809]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639F81F94DFDE2F8D6" box="[417,636,1785,1809]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Protypotherium australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in occlusal view: (G) MACN-A 9644, incomplete skull. ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92847639E51F8E9FD65F873" blockId="7.[113,764,1885,1972]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639E51F8E9FE9FF8B2" box="[113,257,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Included species:</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A37AFDE92847639F15F8E9FEFEF8B2" box="[309,352,1885,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639F8FF8E9FD1BF8B2" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[431,645,1885,1909]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639F8FF8E9FD1BF8B2" box="[431,645,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Protypotherium australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92847639CAFF8E9FF2EF853" author="Ameghino F" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref21746" refString="Ameghino F. Observaciones generales sobre el orden de mamiferos extinguidos sub-americanos llamados Toxodontes (Toxodontia) y sinopsis de los generos y especies hasta ahora conocidos. Anales del Museo de La Plata (publicacion especial) 1887 a; 1: 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1887">Ameghino, 1887a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639EE0F8C9FE7AF853" authority="Ameghin 1887 b" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[192,484,1916,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praerutilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639EE0F8C9FEDBF853" box="[192,325,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr.praerutilum</emphasis>
|
||
Ameghin 1887b
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639FCCF8C9FD66F853" authority="Ameghino, 1889" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[492,760,1916,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="claudum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639FCCF8C9FDCBF853" box="[492,597,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr.claudum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92847639C79F8C8FD66F853" author="Ameghino F" box="[601,760,1916,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 1028" refId="ref21871" refString="Ameghino F. Contribucion al conocimiento de los mamiferos fosiles de la Republica Argentina. Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias Cordoba 1889; 6: 1 - 1028, atlas, 98 pls." type="journal article" year="1889">Ameghino, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639E51F828FE5DF874" authority="Ameghino, 1891 b" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[113,451,1947,1971]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="compressidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639E51F828FE93F874" box="[113,269,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr. compressidens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92847639F35F82FFE5DF874" author="Ameghino F" box="[277,451,1947,1971]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" pagination="289 - 328" refId="ref21934" refString="Ameghino F. Nuevos restos de mamiferos fosiles descubiertos por Carlos Ameghino en el Eoceno inferior de la Patagonia austral. Especies nuevas, adiciones y correcciones. Revista Argentina de Historia Natural 1891 b; 1: 289 - 328." type="journal article" year="1891">Ameghino, 1891b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639FEFF828FD69F873" authority="Ameghino, 1902" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[463,759,1947,1972]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="columnifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639FEFF828FDD2F874" box="[463,588,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr. columnifer</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92847639C74F82FFD69F873" author="Ameghino F" box="[596,759,1947,1972]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" pagination="71 - 141" refId="ref22091" refString="Ameghino F. Premiere contribution a la conaissance de la faune mammalogique des couches a Colpodon. Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Cordoba 1902; 17: 71 - 141." type="journal article" year="1902">Ameghino, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30297D4E92847639D0AF8EAFAB9F874" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE92847639D0AF8EAFAB9F874" blockId="7.[810,1462,1885,1972]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639D0AF8EAFB53F8B2" authority="Cabrera and Kraglievich, 1931" authorityName="Cabrera and Kraglievich" authorityYear="1931" box="[810,1229,1885,1909]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="distinctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639D0AF8EAFC3BF8B2" box="[810,933,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr. distinctum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92847639D8BF8E9FB53F8B2" author="Cabrera A & Kraglievich L" box="[939,1229,1885,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" pagination="107 - 13" refId="ref22576" refString="Cabrera A, Kraglievich L. Diagnosis previas de los ungulados fosiles del Arroyo Chasico. Notas preliminares del Museo de La Plata 1931; 1: 107 - 13." type="journal article" year="1931">Cabrera and Kraglievich, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639AF7F8EAFC50F853" authority="Cabrera & Kraglievich, 1931" authorityName="Cabrera & Kraglievich" authorityYear="1931" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639AF7F8EAFAD6F8B3" box="[1239,1352,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr. minutum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92847639B6EF8E9FC50F853" author="Cabrera A & Kraglievich L" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" pagination="107 - 13" refId="ref22576" refString="Cabrera A, Kraglievich L. Diagnosis previas de los ungulados fosiles del Arroyo Chasico. Notas preliminares del Museo de La Plata 1931; 1: 107 - 13." type="journal article" year="1931">Cabrera & Kraglievich,1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639DF5F8C9FB73F853" authority="Kramarz et al., 2015" authorityName="Kramarz" authorityYear="2015" box="[981,1261,1916,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinclairi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639DF5F8C9FBADF853" box="[981,1075,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr.sinclairi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE92847639A16F8C9FB73F853" author="Kramarz AG & Bond M & Arnal M" box="[1078,1261,1916,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" pagination="585 - 97" refId="ref24293" refString="Kramarz AG, Bond M, Arnal M. Systematic description of three new mammals (Notoungulata and Rodentia) from the Early Miocene Cerro Bandera Formation, northern Patagonia, Argentina. Ameghiniana 2015; 52: 585 - 97. hups: // doi. org / 10.5710 / AMGH. 27.06.2015.2906" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Kramarz
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639AABF8C9FB2DF853" box="[1163,1203,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
,2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639AD4F8C9FA28F853" authority="Vera" authorityName="Vera" box="[1268,1462,1916,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colloncurensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639AD4F8C9FA18F853" box="[1268,1414,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr.colloncurensis</emphasis>
|
||
Vera
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639D0AF82FFCCCF874" box="[810,850,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">etal.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2017; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE92847639D9BF828FB20F874" authority="Solorzano" authorityName="Solorzano" box="[955,1214,1947,1971]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="7" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="concepcionensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639D9BF828FBC2F874" box="[955,1116,1948,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">Pr.concepcionensis</emphasis>
|
||
Solórzano
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE92847639AE1F82FFB74F874" box="[1217,1258,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="424">etal.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2019.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF6794D7E927476C9EA1F96DFDD4F8C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426276" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8426276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426276/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" startId="8.[129,194,1753,1777]" targetBox="[257,1345,147,1723]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE927476C9EA1F96DFDD4F8C9" blockId="8.[129,1417,1753,1806]" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9EA1F96DFF46F935" bold="true" box="[129,216,1753,1778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Scaưer diagram of the Santacrucian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9CAFF96EFC80F935" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[655,798,1754,1778]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9CAFF96EFC80F935" box="[655,798,1754,1778]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Protypotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(except for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9DAEF96EFC67F935" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[910,1017,1754,1778]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="claudum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9DAEF96EFC67F935" box="[910,1017,1754,1778]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Pr. claudum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). A, Length vs. width of M1. B, Length vs. width of m1. Abbreviations: L, length; W, width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30297D4E927476F9EA1F889FDBEFA4F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE927476E9EA1F889FD02F967" blockId="8.[129,778,1853,1971]" lastBlockId="10.[128,778,670,1697]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="427" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9EA1F889FED5F892" box="[129,331,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Extended diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Medium to large-sized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9C4DF889FC98F892" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[621,774,1853,1877]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Interatheriinae">Interatheriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The rostrum is long and high as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9FCCF8E9FDE2F8B2" box="[492,636,1885,1909]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9FCCF8E9FDE2F8B2" box="[492,636,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9CA8F8E9FC9AF8B2" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[648,772,1885,1909]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9CA8F8E9FC9AF8B2" box="[648,772,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9EA1F8C8FF64F853" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[129,250,1916,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9EA1F8C8FF64F853" box="[129,250,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9F19F8C8FE5BF853" box="[313,453,1916,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Federicoanaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9F19F8C8FE5BF853" box="[313,453,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Federicoanaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the postero-dorsal process of the premaxilla is present as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9F9EF82FFDD0F874" box="[446,590,1947,1971]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9F9EF82FFDD0F874" box="[446,590,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9C7AF82FFD48F874" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[602,726,1947,1971]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9C7AF82FFD48F874" box="[602,726,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9D19F889FC2CF892" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[825,946,1853,1877]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Caenophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9D19F889FC2CF892" box="[825,946,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Caenophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the descending process of the maxilla poorly to moderately developed, in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9AEDF8E9FAB8F8B2" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[1229,1318,1885,1909]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9AEDF8E9FAB8F8B2" box="[1229,1318,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9B16F8E9FA23F8B2" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[1334,1469,1885,1909]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9B16F8E9FA23F8B2" box="[1334,1469,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9D43F8C8FC41F853" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[867,991,1916,1940]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9D43F8C8FC41F853" box="[867,991,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which it is always more developed. The cheek teeth are euhypsodont unlike the protohypsodont
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE927476C9B17F82FFA22F874" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[1335,1468,1947,1971]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Eopachyrucos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="8" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE927476C9B17F82FFA22F874" box="[1335,1468,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="425">Eopachyrucos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9E51F8F5FE9FF89E" box="[113,257,1857,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9E51F8F5FE9FF89E" box="[113,257,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9F2DF8F5FE39F89E" box="[269,423,1857,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Proargyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9F2DF8F5FE39F89E" box="[269,423,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Proargyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9F94F8F5FDAEF89E" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[436,560,1857,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9F94F8F5FDAEF89E" box="[436,560,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9C1CF8F5FD56F89E" box="[572,712,1857,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Federicoanaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9C1CF8F5FD56F89E" box="[572,712,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Federicoanaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9E51F8D5FEB8F8BE" box="[113,294,1889,1913]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Brucemacfaddenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9E51F8D5FEB8F8BE" box="[113,294,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Brucemacfaddenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The P/p3–4 are not molarized unlike many other interateriines that present some degree of molarization. The upper dentition is continuous in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9C4EF82BFD6AF870" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[622,756,1951,1975]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9C4EF82BFD6AF870" box="[622,756,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9D0AF8F5FC3DF89E" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[810,931,1857,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9D0AF8F5FC3DF89E" box="[810,931,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9D93F8F5FBB2F89E" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[947,1068,1857,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Caenophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9D93F8F5FBB2F89E" box="[947,1068,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Caenophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9B3BF8F5FAEAF89E" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[1307,1396,1857,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9B3BF8F5FAEAF89E" box="[1307,1396,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I1 is more developed than I2 as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9A6CF8D5FB3BF8BE" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[1100,1189,1889,1913]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9A6CF8D5FB3BF8BE" box="[1100,1189,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9A8FF8D5FAB5F8BE" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[1199,1323,1889,1913]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9A8FF8D5FAB5F8BE" box="[1199,1323,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9B14F8D5FA33F8BE" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[1332,1453,1889,1913]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9B14F8D5FA33F8BE" box="[1332,1453,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9D0AF834FC2FF85F" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[810,945,1920,1944]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9D0AF834FC2FF85F" box="[810,945,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9DC6F834FB05F85F" box="[998,1179,1920,1944]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Brucemacfaddenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9DC6F834FB05F85F" box="[998,1179,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Brucemacfaddenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The upper cheek teeth present a persistent lingual groove that separates the protoloph from the metaloph as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F6DFD2AFE58FD71" box="[333,454,670,694]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Neoicochilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F6DFD2AFE58FD71" box="[333,454,670,694]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Neoicochilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FF4FD2AFDFCFD71" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1897" box="[468,610,670,694]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Archaeophylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FF4FD2AFDFCFD71" box="[468,610,670,694]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Archaeophylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C50FD2AFC9AFD71" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1899" box="[624,772,670,694]" class="Mammalia" genus="Choichephilum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C50FD2AFC9AFD71" box="[624,772,670,694]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Choichephilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1FD09FF63FD12" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[129,253,701,725]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1FD09FF63FD12" box="[129,253,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F2EFD09FE19FD12" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[270,391,701,725]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F2EFD09FE19FD12" box="[270,391,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FB9FD09FDBEFD12" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[409,544,701,725]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FB9FD09FDBEFD12" box="[409,544,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C11FD09FD14FD12" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[561,650,701,725]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C11FD09FD14FD12" box="[561,650,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9CBBFD09FC9DFD12" authorityName="Cross and Anaya" authorityYear="2020" box="[667,771,701,725]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Juchuysillu" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9CBBFD09FC9DFD12" box="[667,771,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Juchuysillu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9E8DFD68FED1FD33" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[173,335,732,756]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Progaleopithecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9E8DFD68FED1FD33" box="[173,335,732,756]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Progaleopithecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; these teeth also lack a mid-lingual lobe in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9ECDFD48FEE3FCD3" box="[237,381,764,788]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9ECDFD48FEE3FCD3" box="[237,381,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FA5FD48FD81FCD3" box="[389,543,764,788]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Proargyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FA5FD48FD81FCD3" box="[389,543,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Proargyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C07FD48FD3DFCD3" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[551,675,764,788]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C07FD48FD3DFCD3" box="[551,675,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C8AFD48FC9DFCD3" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[682,771,764,788]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C8AFD48FC9DFCD3" box="[682,771,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9E8DFCAFFEFCFCF4" box="[173,354,795,819]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Brucemacfaddenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9E8DFCAFFEFCFCF4" box="[173,354,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Brucemacfaddenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. P3–4 are sub-triangular and longer than wide as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EDAFC8EFEEDFC95" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[250,371,826,850]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Caenophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EDAFC8EFEEDFC95" box="[250,371,826,850]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Caenophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F8DFC8EFD8BFC95" authorityName="Cross and Anaya" authorityYear="2020" box="[429,533,826,850]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Juchuysillu" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F8DFC8EFD8BFC95" box="[429,533,826,850]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Juchuysillu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; they are smaller than M1–2, whereas they are similar in the remaining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C4BFCEEFC98FCB5" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[619,774,858,882]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Interatheriinae">Interatheriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the entoflexus is mesially located as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C35FCCDFD10FC56" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[533,654,889,913]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C35FCCDFD10FC56" box="[533,654,889,913]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9CBBFCCDFC9DFC56" authorityName="Cross and Anaya" authorityYear="2020" box="[667,771,889,913]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Juchuysillu" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9CBBFCCDFC9DFC56" box="[667,771,889,913]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Juchuysillu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9E90FC2CFEB7FC77" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[176,297,920,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Caenophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9E90FC2CFEB7FC77" box="[176,297,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Caenophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The i1–3 are imbricated and lack spaces between the teeth in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FFBFC0CFDCAFC17" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[475,596,952,976]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FFBFC0CFDCAFC17" box="[475,596,952,976]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9CB4FC0CFC9AFC17" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[660,772,952,976]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9CB4FC0CFC9AFC17" box="[660,772,952,976]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Patriarchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The i1–2 are bifid and bicolumnar as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C6BFC63FD49FC28" box="[587,727,983,1007]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Federicoanaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C6BFC63FD49FC28" box="[587,727,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Federicoanaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1FC42FEBDFBC9" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[129,291,1014,1038]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Progaleopithecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1FC42FEBDFBC9" box="[129,291,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Progaleopithecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FB3FC42FE72FBC9" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[403,492,1014,1038]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FB3FC42FE72FBC9" box="[403,492,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FDDFC42FDE7FBC9" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[509,633,1014,1038]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FDDFC42FDE7FBC9" box="[509,633,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9CAAFC42FC9DFBC9" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[650,771,1014,1038]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9CAAFC42FC9DFBC9" box="[650,771,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1FBA1FE96FBEA" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[129,264,1045,1069]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1FBA1FE96FBEA" box="[129,264,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F3AFBA1FE2AFBEA" box="[282,436,1045,1069]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Proargyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F3AFBA1FE2AFBEA" box="[282,436,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Proargyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FD9FBA1FDF7FBEA" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[505,617,1045,1069]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FD9FBA1FDF7FBEA" box="[505,617,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Patriarchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit a vertical lingual groove. The i1 exhibits a sub-cylindrical section in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F36FBE0FEF1FBAB" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[278,367,1108,1132]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F36FBE0FEF1FBAB" box="[278,367,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F5EFBE0FE64FBAB" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[382,506,1108,1132]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F5EFBE0FE64FBAB" box="[382,506,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C16FBE0FD22FBAB" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[566,700,1108,1132]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C16FBE0FD22FBAB" box="[566,700,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which show a sub-elliptical section, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FC4FBC7FDC3FB4C" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[484,605,1139,1163]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FC4FBC7FDC3FB4C" box="[484,605,1139,1163]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9CB4FBC7FC9AFB4C" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[660,772,1139,1163]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9CB4FBC7FC9AFB4C" box="[660,772,1139,1163]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Patriarchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which it is highly expanded mesio-distally. The i3 is larger than i
|
||
<quantity id="4CE069BAE925476E9E9DFB06FF7BFB0D" box="[189,229,1202,1226]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F43FB06FE22FB0D" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[355,444,1202,1226]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F43FB06FE22FB0D" box="[355,444,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FE9FB06FDDCFB0D" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[457,578,1202,1226]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FE9FB06FDDCFB0D" box="[457,578,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C70FB06FD49FB0D" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[592,727,1202,1226]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C70FB06FD49FB0D" box="[592,727,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1FB65FF6FFB2E" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[129,241,1233,1257]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Patriarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1FB65FF6FFB2E" box="[129,241,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Patriarchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which these teeth are sub-equal. The dp1 lacks a differentiated talonid, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F9AFB45FDDFFACE" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[442,577,1265,1289]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Interatherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F9AFB45FDDFFACE" box="[442,577,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Interatherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C6FFB45FC9AFACE" box="[591,772,1265,1289]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Brucemacfaddenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C6FFB45FC9AFACE" box="[591,772,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Brucemacfaddenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1FAA4FF77FAEF" authorityName="Cross and Anaya" authorityYear="2020" box="[129,233,1296,1320]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Juchuysillu" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1FAA4FF77FAEF" box="[129,233,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Juchuysillu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F29FAA4FE0BFAEF" box="[265,405,1296,1320]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Federicoanaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F29FAA4FE0BFAEF" box="[265,405,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Federicoanaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FD6FAA4FDF1FAEF" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[502,623,1296,1320]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Caenophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FD6FAA4FDF1FAEF" box="[502,623,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Caenophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The lower molariforms exhibit the entoflexid opposite to the ectoflexid, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F39FAFBFE00FAA0" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[281,414,1359,1383]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Eopachyrucos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F39FAFBFE00FAA0" box="[281,414,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Eopachyrucos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F9CFAFBFDD2FAA0" box="[444,588,1359,1383]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F9CFAFBFDD2FAA0" box="[444,588,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C4AFAFBFC9AFAA0" box="[618,772,1359,1383]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Proargyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C4AFAFBFC9AFAA0" box="[618,772,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Proargyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1FADAFF63FA41" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[129,253,1390,1414]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1FADAFF63FA41" box="[129,253,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F1BFADAFE6EFA41" box="[315,496,1390,1414]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Brucemacfaddenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F1BFADAFE6EFA41" box="[315,496,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Brucemacfaddenia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the entoflexid is oriented distal to the ectoflexid. The p3–4 are smaller than the m1–2 as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EE6FA19FEB0FA02" authorityName="Cross and Anaya" authorityYear="2020" box="[198,302,1453,1477]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Juchuysillu" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EE6FA19FEB0FA02" box="[198,302,1453,1477]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Juchuysillu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; these teeth lack a postmetacristid unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1FA78FE98FA23" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[129,262,1484,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Eopachyrucos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1FA78FE98FA23" box="[129,262,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Eopachyrucos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F33FA78FE33FA23" box="[275,429,1484,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Proargyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F33FA78FE33FA23" box="[275,429,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Proargyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F9BFA78FDD5FA23" box="[443,587,1484,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F9BFA78FDD5FA23" box="[443,587,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9CA6FA78FC9CFA23" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[646,770,1484,1508]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Argyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9CA6FA78FC9CFA23" box="[646,770,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Argyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and the trigonid is longer than the talonid as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C5EFA5FFC9DF9C4" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[638,771,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Eopachyrucos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C5EFA5FFC9DF9C4" box="[638,771,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Eopachyrucos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1F9BFFE8FF9E4" box="[129,273,1547,1571]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1F9BFFE8FF9E4" box="[129,273,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F0CF9BFFE58F9E4" box="[300,454,1547,1571]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Proargyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F0CF9BFFE58F9E4" box="[300,454,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Proargyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FC2F9BFFDC5F9E4" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[482,603,1547,1571]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FC2F9BFFDC5F9E4" box="[482,603,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C58F9BFFC9AF9E4" box="[632,772,1547,1571]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Federicoanaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C58F9BFFC9AF9E4" box="[632,772,1547,1571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Federicoanaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1F99EFF77F985" authorityName="Cross and Anaya" authorityYear="2020" box="[129,233,1578,1602]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Juchuysillu" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1F99EFF77F985" box="[129,233,1578,1602]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Juchuysillu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9F03F99EFE02F985" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1904" box="[291,412,1578,1602]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Caenophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9F03F99EFE02F985" box="[291,412,1578,1602]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Caenophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The m1–2 have the talonid longer than the trigonid unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FBCF9FDFDBFF9A6" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1901" box="[412,545,1609,1633]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Eopachyrucos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FBCF9FDFDBFF9A6" box="[412,545,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Eopachyrucos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C15F9FDFD51F9A6" box="[565,719,1609,1633]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Proargyrohyrax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C15F9FDFD51F9A6" box="[565,719,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Proargyrohyrax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EA1F9DDFE8FF946" box="[129,273,1641,1665]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Santiagorothia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1F9DDFE8FF946" box="[129,273,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Santiagorothia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which they are sub-equal; the talonid of m3 has a lingual groove unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9FB2F93CFE75F967" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1902" box="[402,491,1672,1696]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Cochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9FB2F93CFE75F967" box="[402,491,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Cochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C3CF93CFD0BF967" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1953" box="[540,661,1672,1696]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Miocochilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C3CF93CFD0BF967" box="[540,661,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Miocochilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6794D7E926476D9E50F969FDA5F8D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426278" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8426278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426278/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" startId="9.[112,177,1757,1781]" targetBox="[242,1330,147,1727]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE926476D9E50F969FDA5F8D5" blockId="9.[112,1402,1757,1810]" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9E50F969FF56F932" bold="true" box="[112,200,1757,1781]" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Scaưer diagram of the Santacrucian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9C5FF96AFC90F931" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[639,782,1758,1782]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9C5FF96AFC90F931" box="[639,782,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Protypotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(except for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE926476D9D5EF96AFC74F931" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[894,1002,1758,1782]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="9" pageNumber="426" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="claudum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE926476D9D5EF96AFC74F931" box="[894,1002,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="426">Pr. claudum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). A, Length vs. width of M2. B, Length vs. width of m2. Abbreviations: L, length; W, width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6794D7E925476E9EA0FDE2FC3FFDAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426280" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8426280" box="[128,929,598,622]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426280/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" startId="10.[128,193,598,622]" targetBox="[164,1435,147,567]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE925476E9EA0FDE2FC3FFDAA" blockId="10.[128,929,598,622]" box="[128,929,598,622]" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA0FDE2FF46FDA9" bold="true" box="[128,216,598,622]" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Box-plot showing the length of I1–3 in: (A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9C5DFDE3FC9BFDA9" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1887" box="[637,773,598,622]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praerutilum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9C5DFDE3FC9BFDA9" box="[637,773,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Pr. praerutilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9D18FDE3FC02FDA9" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[824,924,598,622]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9D18FDE3FC02FDA9" box="[824,924,598,622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Pr. australe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE925476E9EA1F976FF77F8B1" blockId="10.[129,778,1729,1910]" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1F976FF6AF91E" box="[129,244,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Occurrence:</emphasis>
|
||
Late Oligocene to Late Miocene. Known from the Deseadan SALMA of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F84CFE925476E9F45F955FE5FF93E" box="[357,449,1761,1785]" name="Uruguay" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the Deseadan, Colhuehuapian, Santacrucian, Colloncuran, ‘Mayoan’, Chasicoan, and Huayquerian SALMAs of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F84CFE925476E9FABF8ABFE6AF8F0" box="[395,500,1823,1847]" name="Argentina" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the Santacrucian, Friasian, and ‘Mayoan’ SALMAs of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F84CFE925476E9FB0F88BFE52F890" box="[400,460,1855,1879]" name="Chile" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
; and the Huayquerian SALMA of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F84CFE925476E9EBAF8EAFF7AF8B1" box="[154,228,1886,1910]" name="Bolivia" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE925476E9EA1F82FFB0DFC95" blockId="10.[129,778,1947,2002]" lastBlockId="10.[825,1475,669,1006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EA1F82FFF69F875" box="[129,247,1947,1970]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Sinclair (1909) published an exhaustive description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9EF0F80EFEF4F815" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[208,362,1978,2002]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9EF0F80EFEF4F815" box="[208,362,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Protypotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, particularly of the skull and mandible. The most relevant dental characteristics of the (d)I/i1–(d)C/c and (d)P/p1–4 of this genus were described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE925476E9B02FD09FCE7FD33" author="Fernandez M & Fernicola JC & Cerdeno E" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" pagination="1613416" refId="ref23451" refString="Fernandez M, Fernicola JC, Cerdeno E. The genus Patriarchus Ameghino, 1889 (Mammalia, Notoungulata, Typotheria), from the Santa Cruz Formation, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2019; 39: e 1613416. hups: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0272463 4.2019. 1613416" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Fernández
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9BB4FD09FA5DFD12" box="[1428,1475,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF89B9AEE925476E9DA2FD68FC5FFD33" author="Fernandez M & Fernicola JC & Cerdeno E" box="[898,961,732,756]" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref23510" refString="Fernandez M, Fernicola JC, Cerdeno E. Deciduous dentition and dental eruption sequence in Interatheriinae (Notoungulata, Interatheriidae): Implications in the systematics of the group. Journal of Paleontology 2021 a; 95: 1 - 25. hups: // doi. org / 10.1017 / jpa. 2021.7" type="journal article" year="2021">2021a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b). To avoid redundancy, we discuss only the main characteristics of these teeth that justify the synonyms proposed here. However, the characteristics of M/m1–3 are described in detail in the following paragraphs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE925476E9D75FCEDFCEAFC29" blockId="10.[825,1475,669,1006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9D75FCEDFC6DFCB6" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[853,1011,857,881]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9D75FCEDFC6DFCB6" box="[853,1011,857,881]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Protypotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a complete dental formula, 3/3; 1/1; 4/4; 3/3. The dental arcade is generally continuous; there is a layer of cementum in the labial and lingual faces of each tooth, which is markedly reduced in the mesial and distal imbrication areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE925476E9D19FBA5FC1FF99B" blockId="10.[825,1475,1040,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9D19FBA5FBF6FBEF" box="[825,1128,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Upper permanent dentition:</emphasis>
|
||
The upper cheek teeth are euhypsodont, with continuous enamel around the entire crown, being thinner at the mesio- and disto-labial angles; these teeth have a variable degree of imbrication. The upper premolars increase in size antero-posteriorly, but none of them reach molar proportions. The dP1 has a sub-cylindrical (e.g. MACN-A 9650 and YPM-VPPU 15386;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE925476E9AA4FB78FB4DFB23" box="[1156,1235,1228,1252]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) to sub-elliptical (e.g. MACN-A 4049 and MPM-PV 4278;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE925476E9AE0FB5FFAB7FAC4" box="[1216,1321,1259,1283]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Fig. 2B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) cross-section and the parastylar groove is of variable persistence, being superficial (e.g. AMNH 9187, MACN-A 3882, and MACN-A 3920) to persistent (e.g. MACN-A 4052, MPM-PV 4264, YPM-VPPU 15189, YPM-VPPU 15598, MACN-A 9521–9540); it can be mesially and distally imbricated by (d)C and (d)P2, respectively (e.g. MACN-A 3882, MACN-A 9623–9633, and MPM-PV 4278;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE925476E9D5DFA72FC79FA18" box="[893,999,1478,1503]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Fig. 2D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
), only distally imbricated (e.g. AMNH 9187, AMNH 9226, AMNH 9260, MACN-A 4049, YPM-VPPU 15195, and YPM-VPPU 15643;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE925476E9AAAF9B1FB6DF9DA" box="[1162,1267,1541,1565]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Fig. 2F–G</figureCitation>
|
||
), or not imbricated at all (e.g. MACN-A 37, MLP 12-2886 and MPM-PV 4347;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE925476E9BBCF990FCEEF99B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Fig. 2H–I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE925476F9D75F9D7FF2BFDC6" blockId="10.[825,1475,1040,2004]" lastBlockId="11.[113,763,144,513]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="428" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">
|
||
M1–3 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C18BFDCE925476E9D94F9D7FBCDF9BC" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1885" box="[948,1107,1635,1659]" class="Mammalia" family="Interatheriidae" genus="Protypotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoungulata" pageId="10" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE925476E9D94F9D7FBCDF9BC" box="[948,1107,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="427">Protypotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from each other by their size, which generally decreases antero-posteriorly. Further M1–3 details are: the parastylar groove is, in general terms, superficial; the metacone is not completely individualized from the paracone, so the ectoloph is slightly undulated. The entoflexus is in the middle region of the tooth and it is transversally deep and persistent (i.e. vertically deep). It can be simple, this state being more common, or bifid; in fact, internal asymmetries concerning this feature have been identified, for example, in SGO.PV 21000, less M1–2 show a bifid entoflexus, whereas it is simple in right M1–2. The protoloph and metaloph are, in general terms, sub-equal in development and slightly lingually straight. M1–3 are longer than wide, and sub-rectangular in appearance. M3 presents the same characteristics as M1–2, except for the presence of the following: a more distally expanded metaloph, the length of which varies from poorly developed (e.g. MACN-A 3911 and MACN-A 1778;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9CABFEB9FD70FEE2" box="[651,750,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 2J–K</figureCitation>
|
||
) to highly developed (e.g. AMNH 9149 and MACN-A 4016;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9E51FEF8FF7DFEA3" box="[113,227,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 2L–M</figureCitation>
|
||
); a metastyle evidenced by the presence of a conspicuous labial sulcus; and a rudimentary (e.g. MACN-A 1778, MACN-A 3911, and MLP 92-XI-18-31a;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9C4EFE3FFD4CFE64" box="[622,722,395,419]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 2J–K</figureCitation>
|
||
) to moderately (e.g. MACN-A 9623–9633, MLP 91-IX-4-26, and YPM-VPPU 15386;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9F6BFE7DFE28FE26" box="[331,438,457,481]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[189,1384,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[186,1387,144,1750]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Protypotherium australe (D–E, G, I–J, L) and Pr. praerutilum (A–C, F, H, K, M), in occlusal view. (A) YPM-VPPU 15386, incomplete skull; (B) less I3 (alveolus)–C–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 4049; (C) less I3–dP1–M3 of MACN-A 4278; (D) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 3882; (E) right I1–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 9623–9633; (F) less I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9187; (G) right I1–2 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of YPM-VPPU 15643; (H) MLP 12-2886, incomplete skull; (I) right I1 (alveolus)–I2–dP1–P2–M3 of MACN-A 37; (J) MACN-A 3911, less maxillary fragment with C–dP1–P2–M3; (K) MACN-A 1778, right maxillary fragment with dP1–P2 (alveoli)– P3–M3; (L) right I1 (alveolus)–dP1–P2–M3 of AMNH 9149; (M) MACN-A 4016, less maxillary fragment with P4–M3.* indicates alveolus. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426270/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 2A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) excavated distal concavity or notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE924476F9E51FD97FD91FD11" blockId="11.[113,763,546,1416]" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C184DE924476F9E51FD97FE19FDFD" box="[113,391,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Lower permanent dentition:</emphasis>
|
||
The permanent lower cheek teeth are euhypsodont. The p2–m3 are longer than wide; these cheek teeth are labially imbricated, so that the paralophid of the posterior cheek tooth overlaps the distal region of the hypolophid of the anterior tooth; in other words, the overlapping is the opposite to that of i1–dp1, which is lingual.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7C45FE924476F9EADFD6AFDBEFA4F" blockId="11.[113,763,546,1416]" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">
|
||
The m1–3 are morphologically similar to each other and, unlike the premolars, the talonid is longer than the trigonid, the former being P shaped and the laưer being sub-triangular. The mesio-lingual portion of the talonid can have a conspicuous concavity (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9EC4FCEFFEC1FCB4" box="[228,351,859,883]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3A, F, L</figureCitation>
|
||
). The m3 presents the same characteristics as m1–2, except for exhibiting a longer talonid and having the lingual face always interrupted by a persistent groove of variable transversal depth: it can be shallow (e.g. MACN-A 3952;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9E51FC6CFF23FC36" box="[113,189,984,1009]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
), moderate (e.g. AMNH 9286 and MACN-A 11191a;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9E51FC4CFF7AFBD7" box="[113,228,1016,1040]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
), or deep (e.g. MACN-A 3884 and MACN-A 9614;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9E96FBA3FE9BFBE8" box="[182,261,1047,1071]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, the labial region can be smooth, without any groove (e.g. AMNH 9565 and MACN-A 1082;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9CF4FB82FF37FBA9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
), or it can present a groove mesially located with respect to the lingual sulcus, which can be superficial (e.g. AMNH 9149, MACN-A 3841, and MACN-A 3980, and MPM-PV 3531;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9CF4FB20FF2DFB0B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
), moderate (e.g. MACN-A 532, MACN-A 3952, and MPM-PV 3739;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9F01FB67FEE4FB2C" box="[289,378,1235,1259]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3I–J</figureCitation>
|
||
), or deep (e.g. MPM-PV 19612 and MLP 91-V-1-129;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9F12FB46FEE1FACD" box="[306,383,1266,1290]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3K</figureCitation>
|
||
). When the labial sulcus is present, the talonid is divided into two lobes, the anterior being rather rounded and more developed than the posterior (e.g. MACN-A 3952–3953, MACN-A 3955, MACN-A 3957–3958, MACN-A 3979, and MACN-A 11191b;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323D8DAE924476F9F82FAC4FD91FA4F" box="[418,527,1392,1416]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[129,194,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,146,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[198,1405,144,1747]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Protypotherium australe (B, F–M) and Pr. praerutilum (A, C–E), in occlusal view. (A) MACN-A 3952, right mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (B) less dp1–p2–m3 of AMNH 9286; (C) MACN-A 11191a, right mandibular fragment with m1–3; (D) right p2–m3 of MACN-A 9614; (E) right i1–dp1–p2–m3 of MACN-A 1082; (F) less p4–m3 of AMNH 9565; (G) right p2–m3 of AMNH 9149; (H) less i1–dp1– p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3531; (I) MACN-A 532, right mandibular fragment with m2–3; (J) right p2–m3 of MPM-PV 3739; (K) MPM-PV 19612, right mandibular fragment with m2 (broken)–3; (L) MACN-A 3979, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3; (M) MACN-A 3955, less mandibular fragment with p3–m3. * indicates alveolus; ’ indicates broken tooth. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8426272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8426272/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="428">Fig. 3L–M</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |