501 lines
62 KiB
XML
501 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="4EFB0FB1F3B41106F5F2ECF84ADC3CA4" ID-CLB-Dataset="284799" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2023.2241187" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b2896ee7-9d5f-4b28-a57b-4b1dc8340e7d" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10491893" ID-ZooBank="D74795FE-168E-4F7F-A78C-08EF5B9783A9" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1704711671976" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chu, Mengdi, Hao, Yingdong & Huang, Mian" docDate="2023" docId="039A9F04FFC9FFE9E3EFFA17FB889975" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.57.25-28.1364-1376.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 57 (25 - 28)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Actinonema diplobulba Chu, Hao & Huang 2023, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="1369" masterDocId="FFA3E77CFFC8FFECE209FFA9FFAC9C68" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Chromadorida (Nematoda) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China" masterLastPageNumber="1376" masterPageNumber="1364" pageNumber="1365" updateTime="1704982029576" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="6DC244B32FD51EA301AF869C9D4A9729" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7A27C536867EEE5EA91D2CAF700CA21A">
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<mods:title id="EA9FE5868DC586858BA3BFE95EB9B319">Two new species of Chromadorida (Nematoda) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8318DE3DA9B3313896FAABF639ED8BD8" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B8DBE57D9D510C828CF4C8E6EC735D97">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A4955205FB19174EE7639AA90F3F073B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9D1B97417976018CE58D8AEAA5FC4C17">Chu, Mengdi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E7DC9434640060374B70F02303C54210">College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, P R China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="345B4FFCBC00C47D613EC56E6C36F56B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8E37C0299412CB663C6D5EC640E24E14">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CBB1CBB76706FEE27DF04D30B32CFBDC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2E4EE30C9C4421D86BB2B46318812445">Hao, Yingdong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="55CA2DE9599D99F086ED720AA73F57FD">College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, P R China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6BF7AF1076045B53C1AF061A344E5496" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="97DA739ED1187BC021D98A60D39F34A3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7B25ACFB2068EFF3AF91BF01A5804E7A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="23C14A2142D0EA10AAE62221A17AE951">Huang, Mian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA15D5C8D42ED2F64358AC9CD2F25228">College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, P R China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="82814F1E7B810CD5695BFF96492708F8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="FC0F22102859F29ED87070F8AC0DBAE7" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0D57690F720D4FFC74410473837E1CA0">
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<mods:title id="1ACA9CA20BB0C1979760C8B125D89F55">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="204CD53A352C9F4D3C9B33A5739B3B41">
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<mods:date id="FE73D637C2FECCD77A0ADC43A9C0E9DF">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E921290BF702EB2CFB958C963DAED081" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="8F9D3CC4F1CCA180018F36870C84A2C4">2023-10-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="0BFE2D819A40A7390FFDE7F10EB00CA2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="8BA0C051D0A1C70DB7193858A2885A3F">57</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="C93344C5A6198995C9B88A2A2C8E43A7" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="EE2348CFFC5396864D55D3A705350F5C">25 - 28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="6730B55237F540BBE320BEE4A5466442" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="73D7D6FA00AA95463C8E9E84403C5654">1364</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="046112C247B6F48AB4C4713617900D8B">1376</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="C657AD37B0C784318AEDF10CCE14803F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1384F0620B384BBB052F594C697E4ABA" type="CLB-Dataset">284799</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A51893DA8BCCC7B2AB252DE1AA67E78F" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2023.2241187</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C90E67E13463556486BE228F1DA2BF11" type="GBIF-Dataset">b2896ee7-9d5f-4b28-a57b-4b1dc8340e7d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="92AC03B82F0A97F6ACFC15F71A35AE8E" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9E23DCA9F8BA72472F2E352C48C06B85" type="Zenodo-Dep">10491893</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A591054FFBBAACBBB7C11C24176D5ACB" type="ZooBank">D74795FE-168E-4F7F-A78C-08EF5B9783A9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="039A9F04FFC9FFE9E3EFFA17FB889975" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10491903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10491903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A9F04FFC9FFE9E3EFFA17FB889975" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A9F04FFC9FFE9E3EFFA17FB889975" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1369" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">
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<subSubSection id="C3297D99FFC9FFEDE3EFFA17FC9199B0" box="[486,829,1470,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFC9FFEDE3EFFA17FC9199B0" blockId="1.[486,829,1470,1532]" box="[486,829,1470,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">
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<heading id="D0C4997EFFC9FFEDE3EFFA17FC9199B0" box="[486,829,1470,1496]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFC9FFEDE3EFFA17FD5D99B0" authority="Chu, Hao & Huang, 2023: 1365" authorityName="Chu, Hao & Huang" authorityPageNumber="1365" authorityYear="2023" box="[486,753,1470,1496]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="diplobulba" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B947F200FFC9FFEDE3EFFA17FD5D99B0" box="[486,753,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">Actinonema diplobulba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B947F200FFC9FFEDE0F0FA17FC9199B0" bold="true" box="[761,829,1470,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2744F7BFFC9FFEDE0F0FA17FC9199B0" box="[761,829,1470,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3297D99FFC9FFEDE3F5FA4BFC8B9994" box="[508,807,1506,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFC9FFEDE3F5FA4BFC8B9994" blockId="1.[486,829,1470,1532]" box="[508,807,1506,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13083297FFC9FFEDE00DFA4BFDDC9994" box="[516,624,1506,1532]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1343,1366]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,143,1309]" captionTargetId="figure-51@2.[163,1153,142,1312]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Actinonema diplobulba sp. nov. (a) entire male; (b) anterior end of male, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; (c) pharyngeal region of male, showing buccal cavity teeth, posterior pharyngeal bulbs; (d) posterior portion of male; (e) spicule, gubernaculum and telamon; (f) entire female. Scale bars: a, f = 30 μm; b, d, e = 10 μm; c = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10491895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10491895/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13083297FFC9FFEDE077FA4BFD209994" box="[638,652,1506,1532]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1693,1716]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-9@3.[163,1153,142,1661]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Actinonema diplobulba sp. nov. (a) Pharyngeal region of male, showing buccal cavity teeth, posterior pharyngeal bulbs; (b) pharyngeal region of male, showing amphidial fovea and double" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10491897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10491897/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">2</figureCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="C6B11BA9FFC9FFEDE0C0FA4BFCB29994" box="[713,798,1506,1532]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[273,329,801,824]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. Individual measurements of Actinonema diplobulba sp. nov. (in µm" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4C7E9AFFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" tableUuid="DF4C7E9AFFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50">Table 1</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3297D99FFC9FFEEE2A9F997FBC59A4D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1366" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFC9FFEDE2A9F997FEE89A30" blockId="1.[160,1156,1598,1728]" box="[160,324,1598,1624]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">
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||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFC9FFEDE2A9F997FEE89A30" bold="true" box="[160,324,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">Type material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFC9FFEDE2A9F9CBFC739AA8" blockId="1.[160,1156,1598,1728]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">
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<materialsCitation id="3B5B244FFFC9FFEDE2A9F9CBFBAB9AF6" collectionCode="HDYST" latitude="35.917" longLatPrecision="4499" longitude="120.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" specimenCode="HDYST 71-2, HDYST 71-4, HDYST 71-7" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCount id="9D35E59BFFC9FFEDE2A9F9CBFEBB9A13" box="[160,279,1634,1659]" count="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" type="male">Two males</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D35E59BFFC9FFEDE359F9CBFE629A13" box="[336,462,1634,1659]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
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were collected from the sand beach of Huangdao at the west coast of Qingdao (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0748D5FFC9FFEDE37BF92CFE779AF6" box="[370,475,1669,1694]" degrees="35.917" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" precision="55" value="35.917">35.917°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0748D5FFC9FFEDE3EFF92CFD909AF6" box="[486,572,1669,1694]" degrees="120.2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" precision="5555" value="120.2">120.2°E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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<typeStatus id="548890B0FFC9FFEDE047F92CFD199AF6" box="[590,693,1669,1694]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male 1 on slide
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<specimenCode id="DB958669FFC9FFEDE17FF92CFBAF9AF6" box="[886,1027,1669,1694]" collectionCode="HDYST" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">HDYST 71–2</specimenCode>
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,
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5B244FFFC9FFEDE619F92CFC739AA8" collectionCode="HDYST" latitude="35.917" longLatPrecision="4499" longitude="120.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" specimenCode="HDYST 71-2, HDYST 71-4, HDYST 71-7" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="548890B0FFC9FFEDE619F92CFB2D9AF6" box="[1040,1153,1669,1694]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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: male 2 and female 1 on slides
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<specimenCode id="DB958669FFC9FFEDE3F1F90EFD2E9AA8" box="[504,642,1703,1728]" collectionCode="HDYST" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">HDYST 71–4</specimenCode>
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and
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<specimenCode id="DB958669FFC9FFEDE0B5F90EFCEB9AA8" box="[700,839,1703,1728]" collectionCode="HDYST" pageId="1" pageNumber="1365">HDYST 71–7</specimenCode>
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, respectively.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF4C7E9AFFCAFFEEE2A9FA96FD5699C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10491895" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10491895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10491895/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366" startId="2.[160,225,1343,1366]" targetBox="[165,1150,143,1309]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCAFFEEE2A9FA96FD5699C6" blockId="2.[160,1155,1343,1454]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">
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<emphasis id="B947F200FFCAFFEEE2A9FA96FF56993E" bold="true" box="[160,250,1343,1366]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCAFFEEE309FA96FE73993E" box="[256,479,1343,1366]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="diplobulba" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B947F200FFCAFFEEE309FA96FE73993E" box="[256,479,1343,1366]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">Actinonema diplobulba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2744F7BFFCAFFEEE3ECFA96FD9E993E" box="[485,562,1343,1366]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(a) entire male; (b) anterior end of male, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; (c) pharyngeal region of male, showing buccal cavity teeth, posterior pharyngeal bulbs; (d) posterior portion of male; (e) spicule, gubernaculum and telamon; (f) entire female. Scale bars: a, f = 30 μm; b, d, e = 10 μm; c = 20 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCAFFEEE2A9FA40FE669A6B" blockId="2.[160,1129,1513,1573]" box="[160,458,1513,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">
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||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCAFFEEE2A9FA40FE669A6B" bold="true" box="[160,458,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">Type locality and habitat</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCAFFEEE2A9F9A5FBC59A4D" blockId="2.[160,1129,1513,1573]" box="[160,1129,1548,1573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">
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||
<typeStatus id="548890B0FFCAFFEEE2A9F9A5FEAB9A4D" box="[160,263,1548,1573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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was found in the surface layer of silver sand at the sandbeach of Huangdao.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3297D99FFCAFFEEE2A9F9C8FD129AA8" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCAFFEEE2A9F9C8FEB19A13" blockId="2.[160,1155,1633,1728]" box="[160,285,1633,1659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">
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||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCAFFEEE2A9F9C8FEB19A13" bold="true" box="[160,285,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">Etymology</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCAFFEEE2A9F92DFD129AA8" blockId="2.[160,1155,1633,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">
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The specific name is derived from the Greek adjective
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<emphasis id="B947F200FFCAFFEEE11CF92DFCCF9AF5" box="[789,867,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">diploos</emphasis>
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(double) and Latin noun
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<emphasis id="B947F200FFCAFFEEE2A9F90EFF449AA8" box="[160,232,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1366">bulbus</emphasis>
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, referring to its double pharyngeal bulbs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF4C7E9AFFCBFFEFE2A9F934FB2F9AB9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10491897" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10491897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10491897/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="1367" startId="3.[160,225,1693,1716]" targetBox="[165,1151,144,1659]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCBFFEFE2A9F934FB2F9AB9" blockId="3.[160,1156,1693,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1367">
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||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCBFFEFE2A9F934FF509ADC" bold="true" box="[160,252,1693,1716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1367">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCBFFEFE30DF934FE739ADC" box="[260,479,1693,1716]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="1367" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="diplobulba" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B947F200FFCBFFEFE30DF934FE739ADC" box="[260,479,1693,1716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1367">Actinonema diplobulba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2744F7BFFCBFFEFE3EEF934FD989ADC" box="[487,564,1693,1716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1367" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(a) Pharyngeal region of male, showing buccal cavity teeth, posterior pharyngeal bulbs; (b) pharyngeal region of male, showing amphidial fovea and double
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3297D99FFCCFFE9E2A9FF27FC7A9DC2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1369" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCCFFE8E2A9FF27FEE19CC0" blockId="4.[160,645,142,203]" box="[160,333,142,168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E2A9FF27FEE19CC0" bold="true" box="[160,333,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Measurements</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCCFFE8E2A9FF1BFD299CA3" blockId="4.[160,645,142,203]" box="[160,645,178,203]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
All measurement data are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B11BA9FFCCFFE8E025FF1BFDD39CA3" box="[556,639,178,203]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[273,329,801,824]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. Individual measurements of Actinonema diplobulba sp. nov. (in µm" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4C7E9AFFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368" tableUuid="DF4C7E9AFFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCCFFE8E2A9FEA8FE8A9D73" blockId="4.[159,1156,257,768]" box="[160,294,257,283]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E2A9FEA8FE8A9D73" bold="true" box="[160,294,257,283]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCCFFE8E2A9FE8AFBDB9AC9" blockId="4.[159,1156,257,768]" lastBlockId="4.[160,1155,1615,1697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E2A9FE8AFF409D55" bold="true" box="[160,236,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Males.</emphasis>
|
||
Body small, cylindrical and gradually tapering towards both ends, with anterior end blunt. Cuticle ornamentation heterogeneous with lateral differentiation as a ridge beginning at posterior of amphid (about 80 μm to anterior body end), and disappearing at posterior quarter of tail (about 84 μm to cloaca). Somatic setae not seen.Six inner labial papillae, minute and inconspicuous. Six outer labial setae together with four cephalic setae in one circle. Cephalic setae slightly longer than outer labial setae,25–43% of head diameter. Cuticular solid cone absent (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCCFFE8E35DFE5DFDDA9E65" author="Muthumbi AW & Vincx M" box="[340,630,500,525]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368" pagination="155 - 167" refId="ref4619" refString="Muthumbi AW, Vincx M. 1998. Chromadoridae (Chromadorida: Nematoda) from the Indian Ocean: difficulties in morphological identification of Actinonema Cobb, 1920 and Rhips, Cobb, 1920. Hydrobiologia. 364: 155 - 167. doi: 10.1023 / A: 1003101728286." type="journal article" year="1998">Muthumbi and Vincx 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Buccal cavity conical, with one distinct sharply pointed dorsal tooth in anterior portion of buccal cavity. Amphideal fovea conspicuous, transversely oval, with a central slit; occupying 54–64% of corresponding body diameter, located at level of cephalic setae. Pharynx with distinct double posterior bulbs. Cardia indistinct. Nerve ring located posterior to middle of pharynx. Excretory pore just posterior to nerve ring, about 61 μm to anterior body end. Ventral gland large, located posterior of the pharyngo-intestinal junction. Tail conical, with an elongate tapering tip and lacking any annulation from 4–5 μm from the end, caudal glands unclear. Terminal spinneret developed. except
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E353FC97FE079F3D" box="[346,427,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">a, b, c, c</emphasis>
|
||
′ and V%). posterior bulbs; (c) anterior end of male, showing amphidial fovea and cephalic setae; (d) posterior portion of male, showing spicules (arrow); (e) cloacal region of male, showing telamon and gubernaculum (arrow); (f) posterior portion of female, showing lateral differentiation and tail. Scale bars: 10 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4C7E9AFFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50" ID-Table-UUID="DF4C7E9AFFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50" box="[273,1042,801,824]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4C7E9AFFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368" startId="4.[273,329,801,824]" targetBox="[284,1032,866,1490]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCCFFE8E318FC88FBBE9F50" blockId="4.[273,1042,801,853]" box="[273,1042,801,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E318FC88FEC99F50" bold="true" box="[273,357,801,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Individual measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCCFFE8E087FC88FCC39F50" box="[654,879,801,824]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="diplobulba" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E087FC88FCC39F50" box="[654,879,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Actinonema diplobulba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2744F7BFFCCFFE8E171FC88FC6B9F50" box="[888,967,801,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(in µm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCCFFE8E0B9FCCBFBA499BA" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<table id="F933DCB2FFCC0013E315FCCBFBA499BA" box="[284,1032,866,1490]" gridcols="4" gridrows="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FCCBFBA49F1E" box="[284,1032,866,886]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FCCBFD579F1E" box="[688,763,866,886]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Holotype</th>
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFCCBFBA49F1E" box="[852,1032,866,886]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Paratypes</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FC27FBA49FCA" box="[284,1032,910,930]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FC27FDFB9FCA" box="[284,599,910,930]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Characters</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FC27FD579FCA" box="[688,763,910,930]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">♁1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFC27FC2E9FCA" box="[852,898,910,930]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">♁2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FC27FBA49FCA" box="[986,1032,910,930]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">♀1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FC07FBA49FAA" box="[284,1032,942,962]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FC07FDFB9FAA" box="[284,599,942,962]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">L</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FC07FD579FAA" box="[688,763,942,962]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">694</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFC07FC2E9FAA" box="[852,898,942,962]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">619</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FC07FBA49FAA" box="[986,1032,942,962]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">645</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FC6FFBA49FB2" box="[284,1032,966,986]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FC6FFDFB9FB2" box="[284,599,966,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Maximum body diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FC6FFD579FB2" box="[688,763,966,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFC6FFC2E9FB2" box="[852,898,966,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FC6FFBA49FB2" box="[986,1032,966,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">24</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FC77FBA49F9A" box="[284,1032,990,1010]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FC77FDFB9F9A" box="[284,599,990,1010]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Head diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FC77FD579F9A" box="[688,763,990,1010]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">13</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFC77FC2E9F9A" box="[852,898,990,1010]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FC77FBA49F9A" box="[986,1032,990,1010]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">13</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FC5FFBA49862" box="[284,1032,1014,1034]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FC5FFDFB9862" box="[284,599,1014,1034]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Length of cephalic setae</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FC5FFD579862" box="[688,763,1014,1034]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFC5FFC2E9862" box="[852,898,1014,1034]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FC5FFBA49862" box="[986,1032,1014,1034]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FBA7FBA4984A" box="[284,1032,1038,1058]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FBA7FDFB984A" box="[284,599,1038,1058]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Width/height of amphidial fovea</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FBA7FD57984A" box="[688,763,1038,1058]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">7/4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFBA7FC2E984A" box="[852,898,1038,1058]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">7/4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FBA7FBA4984A" box="[986,1032,1038,1058]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">7/4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB8FFBA49852" box="[284,1032,1062,1082]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB8FFDFB9852" box="[284,599,1062,1082]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Body diameter at amphid</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB8FFD579852" box="[688,763,1062,1082]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">13</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB8FFC2E9852" box="[852,898,1062,1082]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB8FFBA49852" box="[986,1032,1062,1082]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">13</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB97FBA4983A" box="[284,1032,1086,1106]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB97FDFB983A" box="[284,599,1086,1106]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Distance of nerve ring from head end</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB97FD57983A" box="[688,763,1086,1106]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">57</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB97FC2E983A" box="[852,898,1086,1106]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB97FBA4983A" box="[986,1032,1086,1106]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">69</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FBFCFBA49801" box="[284,1032,1109,1129]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FBFCFDFB9801" box="[284,599,1109,1129]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Body diameter at nerve ring</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FBFCFD579801" box="[688,763,1109,1129]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">19</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFBFCFC2E9801" box="[852,898,1109,1129]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FBFCFBA49801" box="[986,1032,1109,1129]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">22</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FBC7FBA498EA" box="[284,1032,1134,1154]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FBC7FDFB98EA" box="[284,599,1134,1154]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Pharynx length</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FBC7FD5798EA" box="[688,763,1134,1154]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">114</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFBC7FC2E98EA" box="[852,898,1134,1154]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">109</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FBC7FBA498EA" box="[986,1032,1134,1154]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">125</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB2FFBA498F2" box="[284,1032,1158,1178]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB2FFDFB98F2" box="[284,599,1158,1178]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Length of double bulbs</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB2FFD5798F2" box="[688,763,1158,1178]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">30</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB2FFC2E98F2" box="[852,898,1158,1178]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">27</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB2FFBA498F2" box="[986,1032,1158,1178]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">31</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB37FBA498DA" box="[284,1032,1182,1202]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB37FDFB98DA" box="[284,599,1182,1202]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Body diameter at pharyngeal base</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB37FD5798DA" box="[688,763,1182,1202]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">20</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB37FC2E98DA" box="[852,898,1182,1202]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB37FBA498DA" box="[986,1032,1182,1202]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">23</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB1CFBA498A1" box="[284,1032,1205,1225]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB1CFDFB98A1" box="[284,599,1205,1225]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Length of spicule as arc</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB1CFD5798A1" box="[688,763,1205,1225]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">34</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB1CFC2E98A1" box="[852,898,1205,1225]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">32</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB1CFBA498A1" box="[986,1032,1205,1225]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB67FBA4988A" box="[284,1032,1230,1250]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB67FDFB988A" box="[284,599,1230,1250]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Length of gubernaculum</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB67FD57988A" box="[688,763,1230,1250]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB67FC2E988A" box="[852,898,1230,1250]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB67FBA4988A" box="[986,1032,1230,1250]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB4FFBA49892" box="[284,1032,1254,1274]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB4FFDFB9892" box="[284,599,1254,1274]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Length of telamon</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB4FFD579892" box="[688,763,1254,1274]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">13</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB4FFC2E9892" box="[852,898,1254,1274]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">13</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB4FFBA49892" box="[986,1032,1254,1274]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FB57FBA4997A" box="[284,1032,1278,1298]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FB57FDFB997A" box="[284,599,1278,1298]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Cloacal or anal body diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FB57FD57997A" box="[688,763,1278,1298]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">20</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFB57FC2E997A" box="[852,898,1278,1298]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FB57FBA4997A" box="[986,1032,1278,1298]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FABCFBA49941" box="[284,1032,1301,1321]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FABCFDFB9941" box="[284,599,1301,1321]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Tail length</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FABCFD579941" box="[688,763,1301,1321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">102</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFABCFC2E9941" box="[852,898,1301,1321]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">92</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FABCFBA49941" box="[986,1032,1301,1321]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">98</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FA87FBA4992A" box="[284,1032,1326,1346]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FA87FDFB992A" box="[284,599,1326,1346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Vulva to anterior end</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FA87FD57992A" box="[688,763,1326,1346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFA87FC2E992A" box="[852,898,1326,1346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FA87FBA4992A" box="[986,1032,1326,1346]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">347</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FAEFFBA49932" box="[284,1032,1350,1370]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FAEFFDFB9932" box="[284,599,1350,1370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">Body diameter at vulva</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FAEFFD579932" box="[688,763,1350,1370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFAEFFC2E9932" box="[852,898,1350,1370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FAEFFBA49932" box="[986,1032,1350,1370]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">22</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FAF7FBA4991A" box="[284,1032,1374,1394]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FAF7FDFB991A" box="[284,599,1374,1394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">V%</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FAF7FD57991A" box="[688,763,1374,1394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFAF7FC2E991A" box="[852,898,1374,1394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FAF7FBA4991A" box="[986,1032,1374,1394]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">53.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FADCFBA499E1" box="[284,1032,1397,1417]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FADCFDFB99E1" box="[284,599,1397,1417]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E315FADCFE8A99E1" box="[284,294,1397,1417]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">a</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FADCFD5799E1" box="[688,763,1397,1417]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">33.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFADCFC2E99E1" box="[852,898,1397,1417]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">29.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FADCFBA499E1" box="[986,1032,1397,1417]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">26.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FA27FBA499CA" box="[284,1032,1422,1442]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FA27FDFB99CA" box="[284,599,1422,1442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E315FA27FE8A99CA" box="[284,294,1422,1442]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">b</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FA27FD5799CA" box="[688,763,1422,1442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">6.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFA27FC2E99CA" box="[852,898,1422,1442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">5.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FA27FBA499CA" box="[986,1032,1422,1442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">5.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FA0FFBA499D2" box="[284,1032,1446,1466]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FA0FFDFB99D2" box="[284,599,1446,1466]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E315FA0FFE8899D2" box="[284,292,1446,1466]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">c</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FA0FFD5799D2" box="[688,763,1446,1466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFA0FFC2E99D2" box="[852,898,1446,1466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">6.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FA0FFBA499D2" box="[986,1032,1446,1466]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">6.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35032C50FFCC0013E315FA17FBA499BA" box="[284,1032,1470,1490]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<th id="76D2452CFFCC0013E315FA17FDFB99BA" box="[284,599,1470,1490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCCFFE8E315FA17FE8899BA" box="[284,292,1470,1490]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">c</emphasis>
|
||
′
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E0B9FA17FD5799BA" box="[688,763,1470,1490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">5.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E15DFA17FC2E99BA" box="[852,898,1470,1490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">4.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D2452CFFCC0013E1D3FA17FBA499BA" box="[986,1032,1470,1490]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="1368">5.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCDFFE9E2C9FF27FC439D67" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,271]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">Reproductive system monorchic with single outstretched testis located to the right of intestine. Single spicule slender, arcuate, 1.5–1.7 cloacal body diameter long, cephalated proximally and tapered distally. Single gubernaculum spinous, extra hammer-shaped lateral pieces (telamon) hollow, 13 μm long. Precloacal supplement absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCDFFE9E2A9FEE2FC7A9DC2" blockId="5.[160,1156,331,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E2A9FEE2FEA49D0D" bold="true" box="[160,264,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">Females.</emphasis>
|
||
Overall morphological features similar to males. Reproductive system amphidelphic with two opposite and reflexed ovaries, anterior to the right of the intestine, posterior to the left of it. Vulva raised, located in the middle of the body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3297D99FFCDFFE9E2A9FE4CFB889975" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCDFFE9E2A9FE4CFDFE9D97" blockId="5.[159,1156,485,1309]" box="[160,594,485,511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E2A9FE4CFDFE9D97" bold="true" box="[160,594,485,511]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">Differential diagnosis and discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCDFFE9E2A9FDA0FB289E0F" blockId="5.[159,1156,485,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E2A9FDA0FE369E4A" box="[160,410,521,546]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="diplobulba" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E2A9FDA0FE369E4A" box="[160,410,521,546]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">Actinonema diplobulba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2744F7BFFCDFFE9E3ABFDA0FE549E4A" box="[418,504,521,546]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is characterised by large amphideal fovea transverse oval-shaped, pharynx with double posterior bulbs, single spicule slender, arcuate with cephalated proximal end, gubernaculum spinous, and an extra hammer-shaped telamon present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCDFFE9E2C9FDD8FCF89F15" blockId="5.[159,1156,485,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E335FDD8FDED9EE2" authority="Cobb, 1920" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" box="[316,577,625,650]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E335FDD8FE169EE2" box="[316,442,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">Actinonema</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E3CAFDD8FDED9EE2" author="Cobb NA" box="[451,577,625,650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="217 - 343" refId="ref4207" refString="Cobb NA. 1920. One hundred new nemas (type species of 100 new genera). In: Contributions to a science of nematology. Vol. 9. Baltimore: Waverly Press; p. 217 - 343." type="book chapter" year="1920">Cobb, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E161FDD8FEC79EC5" authority="Gerlach and Riemann, 1973" authorityName="Gerlach and Riemann" authorityYear="1973" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Euchromadorinae">Euchromadorinae Gerlach and Riemann,1973</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E3F0FD3DFC9E9EC5" authority="Filipjev, 1917" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1917" box="[505,818,660,685]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Chromadoridae Filipjev, 1917</taxonomicName>
|
||
,which contains five subfamilies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E2ACFD1FFE879EA7" author="Hodda M" box="[165,299,694,719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="1 - 289" refId="ref4466" refString="Hodda M. 2022. Phylum Nematoda: a classification, catalogue and index of valid genera, with a census of valid species. Zootaxa. 5114 (1): 1 - 289. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5114.1.2." type="journal article" year="2022">Hodda 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was erected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E3F4FD1FFD2F9EA7" author="Cobb NA" box="[509,643,694,719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="217 - 343" refId="ref4207" refString="Cobb NA. 1920. One hundred new nemas (type species of 100 new genera). In: Contributions to a science of nematology. Vol. 9. Baltimore: Waverly Press; p. 217 - 343." type="book chapter" year="1920">Cobb (1920)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548890B0FFCDFFE9E0E0FD1FFCB59EA7" box="[745,793,694,719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E17CFD1FFF789E9A" authority="Cobb, 1920" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachydermatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E17CFD1FFB919EA7" box="[885,1085,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. pachydermatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E64AFD1FFF789E9A" author="Cobb NA" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="217 - 343" refId="ref4207" refString="Cobb NA. 1920. One hundred new nemas (type species of 100 new genera). In: Contributions to a science of nematology. Vol. 9. Baltimore: Waverly Press; p. 217 - 343." type="book chapter" year="1920">Cobb, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It includes 16 nominal species worldwide, but only 11 have been identified as valid species (Nemys eds 2022). Among them,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E055FD55FC549F7D" authority="Gagarin and Long, 2017" authorityName="Gagarin and Long" authorityYear="2017" box="[604,1016,764,789]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dolichurum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E055FD55FD429F7D" box="[604,750,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. dolichurum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E0FCFD55FC549F7D" author="Gagarin V & Long P" box="[757,1016,764,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="131 - 142" refId="ref4329" refString="Gagarin V, Long P. 2017. Description of two new species of free-living nematodes: halichoanolaimus stagnalis sp. nov. and Actinonema dolichurum sp. nov. from Artificial reservoirs in Vietnam. Amur Zool J. 9 (3): 131 - 142. doi: 10.33910 / 1999 - 4079 - 2017 - 9 - 3 - 131 - 142." type="journal article" year="2017">Gagarin and Long, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no male described; it should be considered as a species inquirenda.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E14BFCB7FC5E9F5F" author="Shi BZ & Yu TT & Xu KD" box="[834,1010,798,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="152 - 156" refId="ref4779" refString="Shi BZ, Yu TT, Xu KD. 2018. A new free-living nematode Actinonema falciforme sp. nov. (Nematoda: Chromadoridae) from the continental shelf of the East China Sea. Acta Oceanol Sin. 37 (10): 152 - 156. doi: 10.1007 / s 13131 - 018 - 1318 - x." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Shi
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E164FCB7FC329F5F" box="[877,926,798,823]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided an updated key to nine species of the genus (excluding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E0E9FCE8FBD19F32" authority="Gagarin and Long, 2017" authorityName="Gagarin and Long" authorityYear="2017" box="[736,1149,833,858]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dolichurum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E0E9FCE8FCDE9F32" box="[736,882,833,858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. dolichurum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E170FCE8FBD19F32" author="Gagarin V & Long P" box="[889,1149,833,858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="131 - 142" refId="ref4329" refString="Gagarin V, Long P. 2017. Description of two new species of free-living nematodes: halichoanolaimus stagnalis sp. nov. and Actinonema dolichurum sp. nov. from Artificial reservoirs in Vietnam. Amur Zool J. 9 (3): 131 - 142. doi: 10.33910 / 1999 - 4079 - 2017 - 9 - 3 - 131 - 142." type="journal article" year="2017">Gagarin and Long, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E296FCCDFDA49F15" authority="Gagarin, 2015" authorityName="Gagarin" authorityYear="2015" box="[159,520,868,893]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longicaudatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E296FCCDFEC09F15" box="[159,364,868,893]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. longicaudatoides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E37AFCCDFDA49F15" author="Gagarin VG" box="[371,520,868,893]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="995 - 1008" refId="ref4289" refString="Gagarin VG. 2015. Two new species of the genus Actinonema Cobb 1920 (Nematoda, Chromadorida) from the coast of Vietnam [J]. Zool Zhurnal. 94 (9): 995 - 1008." type="journal article" year="2015">Gagarin, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E036FCCDFCEB9F15" authority="Gagarin, 2015" authorityName="Gagarin" authorityYear="2015" box="[575,839,868,893]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E036FCCDFD079F15" box="[575,683,868,893]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. parvum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E0BBFCCDFCEB9F15" author="Gagarin VG" box="[690,839,868,893]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="995 - 1008" refId="ref4289" refString="Gagarin VG. 2015. Two new species of the genus Actinonema Cobb 1920 (Nematoda, Chromadorida) from the coast of Vietnam [J]. Zool Zhurnal. 94 (9): 995 - 1008." type="journal article" year="2015">Gagarin, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C2E12FFCDFFE9E2C9FC2FFB889975" blockId="5.[159,1156,485,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">
|
||
Among the 10 valid species within the genus, three species –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E150FC2FFF789FAA" authority="Shi, Yu and Xu, 2018" authorityName="Shi, Yu and Xu" authorityYear="2018" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="falciforme">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E150FC2FFC779FF7" box="[857,987,902,927]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. falciforme</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E1E8FC2FFF789FAA" author="Shi BZ & Yu TT & Xu KD" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="152 - 156" refId="ref4779" refString="Shi BZ, Yu TT, Xu KD. 2018. A new free-living nematode Actinonema falciforme sp. nov. (Nematoda: Chromadoridae) from the continental shelf of the East China Sea. Acta Oceanol Sin. 37 (10): 152 - 156. doi: 10.1007 / s 13131 - 018 - 1318 - x." type="journal article" year="2018">Shi, Yu and Xu, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E2EBFC00FD999FAA" authority="Steiner, 1918" authorityName="Steiner" authorityYear="1918" box="[226,565,937,962]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longicaudatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E2EBFC00FE329FAA" box="[226,414,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. longicaudatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E3AEFC00FD999FAA" author="Steiner G" box="[423,565,937,962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="4 - 18" refId="ref4841" refString="Steiner G. 1918. Neue und wenig bekannte Nematoden von der Westkuste Afrikas. Zool Anz. 50: 4 - 18." type="journal article" year="1918">Steiner, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E079FC00FBA69FAA" authority="Muthumbi and Vincx, 1998" authorityName="Muthumbi and Vincx" authorityYear="1998" box="[624,1034,937,962]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="smolae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E079FC00FD749FAA" box="[624,728,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. smolae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E0E9FC00FBA69FAA" author="Muthumbi AW & Vincx M" box="[736,1034,937,962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="155 - 167" refId="ref4619" refString="Muthumbi AW, Vincx M. 1998. Chromadoridae (Chromadorida: Nematoda) from the Indian Ocean: difficulties in morphological identification of Actinonema Cobb, 1920 and Rhips, Cobb, 1920. Hydrobiologia. 364: 155 - 167. doi: 10.1023 / A: 1003101728286." type="journal article" year="1998">Muthumbi and Vincx, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– have no spicules, only having telamon or gubernaculum. Seven species –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E171FC65FBD19F8D" authority="Boucher, 1976" authorityName="Boucher" authorityYear="1976" box="[888,1149,972,997]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="celtica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E171FC65FC7B9F8D" box="[888,983,972,997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. celtica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E1E8FC65FBD19F8D" author="Boucher G" box="[993,1149,972,997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="245" refId="ref4167" refString="Boucher G. 1976. Nematodes des sables fins infralittoraux de la Pierre Noire (Manche occidentale) II. Chromadorida. Bulletin du Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle. 3 e serie, no 352, Zoologie 245." type="journal article" year="1976">Boucher, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E296FC47FE2B986F" authority="Vitello, 1970" authorityName="Vitello" authorityYear="1970" box="[159,391,1006,1031]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="fldata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E296FC47FF54986F" box="[159,248,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. fldata</emphasis>
|
||
Vitello, 1970
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E39BFC47FDDC986F" authority="Jensen, 1991" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="1991" box="[402,624,1006,1031]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="grafi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E39BFC47FE71986F" box="[402,477,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. grafi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E3ECFC47FDDC986F" author="Jensen P" box="[485,624,1006,1031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="57 - 76" refId="ref4539" refString="Jensen P. 1991. Nine new and less known nematode species from the deep-sea benthos of the Norwegian Sea [J]. Hydrobiologia. 222: 57 - 76. doi: 10.1007 / BF 00017500." type="journal article" year="1991">Jensen, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E074FC47FC44986F" authority="Gagarin, 2015" authorityName="Gagarin" authorityYear="2015" box="[637,1000,1006,1031]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longicaudatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E074FC47FCE7986F" box="[637,843,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. longicaudatoides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E15BFC47FC44986F" author="Gagarin VG" box="[850,1000,1006,1031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="995 - 1008" refId="ref4289" refString="Gagarin VG. 2015. Two new species of the genus Actinonema Cobb 1920 (Nematoda, Chromadorida) from the coast of Vietnam [J]. Zool Zhurnal. 94 (9): 995 - 1008." type="journal article" year="2015">Gagarin, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E1FCFC47FE719842" authority="Muthumbi and Vincx, 1998" authorityName="Muthumbi and Vincx" authorityYear="1998" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraceltica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E1FCFC47FB2E986F" box="[1013,1154,1006,1031]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. paraceltica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E296FBB8FE719842" author="Muthumbi AW & Vincx M" box="[159,477,1041,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="155 - 167" refId="ref4619" refString="Muthumbi AW, Vincx M. 1998. Chromadoridae (Chromadorida: Nematoda) from the Indian Ocean: difficulties in morphological identification of Actinonema Cobb, 1920 and Rhips, Cobb, 1920. Hydrobiologia. 364: 155 - 167. doi: 10.1023 / A: 1003101728286." type="journal article" year="1998">Muthumbi and Vincx, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E3E6FBB8FCCE9842" authority="(Cobb, 1920)" baseAuthorityName="Cobb" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[495,866,1041,1066]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachydermatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E3E6FBB8FD6E9842" box="[495,706,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. pachydermatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E0DDFBB8FCF69842" author="Cobb NA" box="[724,858,1041,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="217 - 343" refId="ref4207" refString="Cobb NA. 1920. One hundred new nemas (type species of 100 new genera). In: Contributions to a science of nematology. Vol. 9. Baltimore: Waverly Press; p. 217 - 343." type="book chapter" year="1920">Cobb, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E1ACFBB8FF799825" authority="Gagarin, 2015" authorityName="Gagarin" authorityYear="2015" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E1ACFBB8FBB69842" box="[933,1050,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. parvum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA253E3FFCDFFE9E62EFBB8FF799825" author="Gagarin VG" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" pagination="995 - 1008" refId="ref4289" refString="Gagarin VG. 2015. Two new species of the genus Actinonema Cobb 1920 (Nematoda, Chromadorida) from the coast of Vietnam [J]. Zool Zhurnal. 94 (9): 995 - 1008." type="journal article" year="2015">Gagarin, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– have spicules. Among them,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E035FB9DFD309825" authorityName="Boucher" authorityYear="1976" box="[572,668,1076,1101]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="celtica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E035FB9DFD309825" box="[572,668,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. celtica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E0A2FB9DFC979825" authorityName="Muthumbi and Vincx" authorityYear="1998" box="[683,827,1076,1101]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraceltica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E0A2FB9DFC979825" box="[683,827,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. paraceltica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E170FB9DFBE99825" baseAuthorityName="Cobb" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[889,1093,1076,1101]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pachydermatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E170FB9DFBE99825" box="[889,1093,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. pachydermatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have telamons;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E307FBFFFEC99807" authorityName="Vitello" authorityYear="1970" box="[270,357,1110,1135]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="fldata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E307FBFFFEC99807" box="[270,357,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. fldata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E378FBFFFE179807" authorityName="Jensen" authorityYear="1991" box="[369,443,1110,1135]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="grafi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E378FBFFFE179807" box="[369,443,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. grafi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E3F9FBFFFDF09807" authorityName="Gagarin" authorityYear="2015" box="[496,604,1110,1135]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E3F9FBFFFDF09807" box="[496,604,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. parvum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack telamons.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E108FBFFFB9B9807" authorityName="Gagarin" authorityYear="2015" box="[769,1079,1110,1135]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longicaudatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E108FBFFFB9B9807" box="[769,1079,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">Actinonema longicaudatoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an extended cuticle in front of the cloaca in males. Detailed investigation suggests the nematode studied here is a new species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E0AFFB35FC8B98DD" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" box="[678,807,1180,1205]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E0AFFB35FC8B98DD" box="[678,807,1180,1205]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">Actinonema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The new species has double pharyngeal bulbs (a character unique within the genus), and both spicule and telamon, by which it can be easily distinguished from its congeners. The difference between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C335591FFCDFFE9E1F0FB48FB2E9892" box="[1017,1154,1249,1274]" class="Chromadorea" family="Chromadoridae" genus="Actinonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chromadorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="diplobulba" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947F200FFCDFFE9E1F0FB48FB2E9892" box="[1017,1154,1249,1274]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369">A. diplobulba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2744F7BFFCDFFE9E296FAADFF5F9975" box="[159,243,1284,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1369" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and other known species in the genus can be inferred from the key below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |