433 lines
36 KiB
XML
433 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1600/036364415x689302" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9de9f56-76e3-4a73-b902-d96c2598e66e" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6338420" approvalRequired="8" approvalRequired_for_treatments="8" checkinTime="1646759635481" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Wahlert, Gregory A., Chiarini, Franco E. & Bohs, Lynn" docDate="2015" docId="038151631458061C84A481380CE91ECD" docLanguage="en" docName="SystBot.40.3.853-887.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Systematic Botany 40 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364415x689302" docTitle="Solanum (sect. Lathyrocarpum) Walp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="862" masterDocId="FFB8291B145006158404805309291F1D" masterDocTitle="A Revision of Solanum Section Lathyrocarpum (the Carolinense Clade, Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="887" masterPageNumber="853" pageNumber="861" updateTime="1682098673665" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A Revision of Solanum Section Lathyrocarpum (the Carolinense Clade, Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wahlert, Gregory A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rinorea@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chiarini, Franco E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Museo Botánico de Córdoba, CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, 5000 Argentina.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bohs, Lynn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematic Botany</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-10-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>40</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>853</mods:start>
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<mods:end>887</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364415x689302</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1600/036364415x689302</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">d9de9f56-76e3-4a73-b902-d96c2598e66e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6338420</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6339062" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193892299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6339062" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038151631458061C84A481380CE91ECD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038151631458061C84A481380CE91ECD" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="862" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[160,806,363,443]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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<subSubSection box="[160,676,363,385]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName authority="(G. Don) Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst." baseAuthorityName="G. Don" box="[160,676,363,385]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Lathyrocarpum">SOLANUM SECT. LATHYROCARPUM (G. Don) Walp.,</taxonomicName>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="reference_group">Repert. Bot. Syst. 3: 88. 1844.</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[160,806,363,443]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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—
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3698877321" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
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<typeStatus box="[423,483,393,414]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">TYPE</typeStatus>
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: Based on
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<taxonomicName box="[626,709,392,413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[626,709,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Solanum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subsect.
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<taxonomicName authority="G. Don." authorityName="G. Don." box="[208,438,421,443]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lathyrocarpum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[208,350,421,442]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Lathyrocarpum</emphasis>
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G. Don.
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</taxonomicName>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,806,465,546]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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<taxonomicName authority="G. Don, Gen. Hist." authorityName="G. Don, Gen. Hist." box="[160,722,465,487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Lathyrocarpum">
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<emphasis box="[160,245,465,486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Solanum</emphasis>
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subsect.
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<emphasis box="[352,500,465,486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Lathyrocarpum</emphasis>
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G. Don, Gen. Hist.
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</taxonomicName>
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4: 436. 1838.—
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[160,806,465,546]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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<typeStatus box="[283,417,495,516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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SPECIES:
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<taxonomicName box="[529,722,494,515]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carolinense">
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<emphasis box="[529,722,494,515]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Solanum carolinense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L., designated by D’
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<bibCitation author="Arcy" box="[346,796,524,546]" page="270" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" score="1322.337434474795" volume="59" year="1972">
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Arcy,
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<bibCitation box="[405,796,524,546]" journal="Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard." page="270" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" score="1322.337434474795" volume="59" year="1972">
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Ann.
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<collectingRegion box="[461,550,524,546]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Missouri</collectingRegion>
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Bot. Gard. 59: 270. 1972
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</bibCitation>
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</bibCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,806,568,677]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Dunal, Prodr." box="[160,668,568,590]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Asterotrichotum">
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<emphasis box="[160,247,568,589]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Solanum</emphasis>
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subsect.
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<emphasis box="[352,513,568,589]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Asterotrichotum</emphasis>
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Dunal, Prodr
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</taxonomicName>
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. 13: 30, 282. 1852.—
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[160,806,568,677]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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||
<typeStatus box="[287,427,597,618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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SPECIES:
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<taxonomicName box="[555,765,597,618]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carolinense">
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<emphasis box="[555,765,597,618]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Solanum carolinense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L., designated by D’
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<bibCitation author="Arcy" page="267" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" score="1322.337434474795" volume="59" year="1972">
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||
Arcy,
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<bibCitation journal="Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard." page="267" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" score="1322.337434474795" volume="59" year="1972">
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Ann.
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<collectingRegion box="[539,633,626,648]" country="United States of America" name="Missouri" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Missouri</collectingRegion>
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Bot. Gard. 59: 267. 1972
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</bibCitation>
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</bibCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[160,806,699,1393]" lastBlockId="8.[853,1499,160,1393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
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Erect to decumbent or sprawling perennial herbs up to
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<quantity box="[160,224,729,750]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="m" value="1.2">1.2 m</quantity>
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tall; stems unbranched or branched near the base, sometimes rooting at the nodes; roots often with a rhizomatous habit and spreading horizontally, sometimes with tuberlike swellings. Stems glabrescent to densely stellate-pubescent with translucent, white, light brown, or golden hairs, the stellae sessile to stalked,
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<quantity box="[430,552,874,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="0.2">0.2–1.8 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, with 4–10 lateral rays, the central ray absent or 1–5-celled and up to
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<quantity box="[160,226,933,954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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long, unarmed or sparsely to densely armed with straight or slightly recurved yellow-brown tapered prickles up to
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||
<quantity box="[226,288,992,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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long, these rarely minutely glandular-pubescent. Sympodial units 2- to 3-foliate, sometimes plurifoliate, the leaves not geminate. Leaves simple, the blades 1.8–22 ×
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||
<quantity box="[160,252,1079,1101]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="18.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="9.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="1.0">1–18 cm</quantity>
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||
, ovate, elliptic or lanceolate in outline, somewhat discolorous, sparsely to densely stellate-pubescent abaxially and adaxially, the stellae sessile to short-stalked,
|
||
<quantity box="[684,805,1137,1159]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, with 4–6 lateral rays, the central ray 1–2-celled and up to
|
||
<quantity box="[274,354,1196,1217]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
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long, unarmed or sparsely to moderately armed with prickles up to
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||
<quantity box="[463,528,1225,1247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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long on the major veins abaxially and adaxially; base cuneate, cordate or truncate, equal to unequal; margin subentire, sinuate or lobed with 1–6 lobes per side, sometimes very deeply lobed almost to the midrib; apex acute, obtuse or rounded; petioles
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||
<quantity box="[707,801,1342,1364]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="3.7" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="0.4">0.4–7 cm</quantity>
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, sparsely to densely stellate-pubescent with hairs like those of the stem, unarmed or sparsely to moderately armed with prickles up to
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<quantity box="[1023,1101,190,211]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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long. Inflorescences
|
||
<quantity box="[1341,1433,189,211]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="1.0">1–15 cm</quantity>
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long, extra-axillary, unbranched or branched, with 1–20 flowers, the plants weakly andromonoecious, the axes sparsely to densely stellate-pubescent, unarmed or sparsely armed with prickles up to
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<quantity box="[1008,1088,307,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
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long; peduncle up to
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||
<quantity box="[1325,1376,308,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
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long; pedicels
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<quantity box="[902,1014,337,359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–5.5 cm</quantity>
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in flower,
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<quantity box="[1136,1231,337,359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="3.25" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="1.0">1–5.5 cm</quantity>
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long and curved downward in fruit, spaced
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<quantity box="[1087,1197,366,389]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2.5 cm</quantity>
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||
apart, weakly articulated at the base, sparsely to densely stellate-pubescent, unarmed or sparsely armed with prickles up to
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<quantity box="[1266,1346,426,448]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
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long. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx
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||
<quantity box="[1044,1164,455,477]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="9.25" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–14 mm</quantity>
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long, the tube
|
||
<quantity box="[1344,1434,455,477]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 mm</quantity>
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||
long, the lobes 2.5–10 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1069,1179,485,507]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–5 mm</quantity>
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||
, narrowly or broadly ovatelanceolate to triangular, the apex acute to acuminate, moderately to densely stellate-pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially, unarmed or sparsely to densely armed with prickles up to
|
||
<quantity box="[853,933,603,625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; fruiting calyx spreading to reflexed and weakly to strongly accrescent, sometimes completely covering the fruit,
|
||
<quantity box="[911,1007,662,684]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.0">7–20 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, the tube
|
||
<quantity box="[1164,1266,662,684]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.2">0.2–5 mm</quantity>
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||
long, the lobes 4–15 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[853,960,691,714]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, narrowly triangular to ovate-lanceolate, sparsely to moderately stellate-pubescent, unarmed or sparsely to moderately armed with prickles up to
|
||
<quantity box="[1276,1339,751,773]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Corollas
|
||
<quantity box="[853,970,780,802]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="2.9" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="1.2">1.2–4.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter,
|
||
<quantity box="[1122,1223,780,802]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="8.0">8–25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, stellate to stellatepentagonal or rotate-stellate, chartaceous, white, pale blue, or lavender-violet, the tube
|
||
<quantity box="[1156,1254,839,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="2.0">2–15 mm</quantity>
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||
long, the lobes 2–17 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[853,955,869,891]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="4.0">4–15 mm</quantity>
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||
, deltate to triangular, the apex acute to apiculate, moderately to densely stellate-pubescent abaxially, glabrous or very sparsely stellate-pubescent adaxially. Stamens with filaments 0.6–3 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1029,1165,957,980]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.15">0.15–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; anthers 3.5–10 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1370,1494,958,980]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, narrowly lanceolate, weakly or not connivent, yellow, the pores directed distally. Ovary 1–3.2 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1278,1405,1017,1039]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, subglobose to ovoid, glabrous or sometimes sparsely to moderately glandular-pubescent, rarely moderately pubescent with white stellate or simple hairs; style 7–15 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1307,1429,1105,1127]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cylindrical, straight, glabrous or rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent at the base, rarely moderately pubescent with stellate or simple hairs, exserted in hermaphroditic flowers; stigma capitate. Fruits 0.8–2.2 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[1074,1185,1223,1246]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.7">0.7–2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
, ovoid, globose or depressedglobose, the apex rounded, light green with darker green mottling or pale greenish-white when young, yellow to yellow-orange at maturity, glabrous, the rind tough. Seeds 1.5–3.5 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[964,1074,1342,1364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.1">1.1–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, flattened-reniform, lenticular, yellow, the surface finely foveolate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[549,1110,1454,1476]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[549,1110,1454,1476]" box="[549,1110,1454,1476]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(G. Don) Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst." baseAuthorityName="G. Don" box="[798,1110,1454,1476]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[798,811,1454,1475]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<emphasis box="[811,887,1459,1473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">SOLANUM</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SECT.
|
||
<emphasis box="[954,967,1454,1475]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<emphasis box="[967,1110,1459,1473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">LATHYROCARPUM</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="862" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" type="key">
|
||
<key lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="862" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyStep pageId="8" pageNumber="861">1. Stems and petioles stellate-pubescent with the central ray 1-celled and less than or equal to the length of the lateral rays or with simple hairs in one species...................................................................................... 2</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" box="[197,1499,1544,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead box="[197,1499,1544,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyStep box="[197,1499,1544,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">2. Plants decumbent, creeping along the ground, sometimes rooting at the nodes................................................. 3</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" box="[234,1498,1567,1585]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead box="[234,1498,1567,1585]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
3. Stems glabrous or very sparsely pubescent with simple hairs and sparsely armed with prickles;
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1116,1177,1567,1584]" name="Bolivia" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
................ 8.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1392,1498,1568,1584]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moxosense">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1392,1498,1568,1584]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">S. moxosense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
3. Stems moderately to densely pubescent with stellate hairs and moderately to densely armed with prickles; southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[406,457,1615,1632]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
............................................................................................ 4
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
4. Stems, leaves, inflorescence axes, and calyces moderately pubescent with sessile to short-stalked stellate hairs, the stalks minute, up to
|
||
<quantity box="[541,607,1663,1680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; calyx unarmed to sparsely armed with prickles.......................... 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1405,1499,1663,1680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flagellare">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1405,1499,1663,1680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">S. flagellare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
4. Stems, leaves, inflorescence axes, and calyces moderately to densely pubescent with sessile to long-stalked stellate hairs, the stalks often stout and prickle-like, up to
|
||
<quantity box="[770,821,1711,1728]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; calyx moderately to densely armed with prickles..... 11.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1410,1499,1711,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reineckii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1410,1499,1711,1728]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">S. reineckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" box="[197,1499,1735,1752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead box="[197,1499,1735,1752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyStep box="[197,1499,1735,1752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">2. Plants upright, not rooting at the nodes................................................................................ 5</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
5. Leaf blades 6–15 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[439,513,1758,1776]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 cm</quantity>
|
||
; inflorescence 2- to several-branched, with up to ca. 20 flowers per inflorescence; North America.................................................................................... 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1384,1499,1783,1800]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimidiatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1384,1499,1783,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">S. dimidiatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
5. Leaf blades 1.8–10 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[454,518,1806,1824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
; inflorescence unbranched or once branched, with up to ca. 6 flowers per inflorescence; South America............................................................................................... 6
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
6. Stem, petioles, leaf blades, inflorescence axes, pedicels, and calyces unarmed or sparsely armed with prickles; leaf blades 2–10 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[490,551,1878,1896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
........................................................................... 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1419,1498,1878,1895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aridum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1419,1498,1878,1895]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">S. aridum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
6. Stem, petioles, leaf blades, inflorescence axes, pedicels, and calyces moderately to densely armed with prickles; leaf blades 1.8–5.5 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[509,586,1925,1943]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.0">1–2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
....................................................................... 7.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1410,1499,1926,1943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="861" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juvenale">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1410,1499,1926,1943]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">S. juvenale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[160,1499,1496,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="8" pageNumber="861">
|
||
<keyStep pageId="8" pageNumber="861">1. Stems and petioles stellate-pubescent with the central ray 1–5-celled and longer than the length of the lateral rays, simple hairs absent.................................................................................................. 7</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" box="[171,1472,160,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead box="[171,1472,160,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyStep box="[171,1472,160,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
7. Calyces pubescent with few to many stellate hairs bearing stout prickle-like stalks up to
|
||
<quantity box="[987,1037,160,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; South America................... 8
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
8. Corollas light blue; fruits 0.8–1 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[537,631,183,201]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
, globose, completely covered by the accrescent fruiting calyx; stems, petioles, leaf blades, inflorescence axes, and pedicels sparsely to moderately armed with prickles; calyces densely armed......... 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1375,1472,208,225]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comptum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1375,1472,208,225]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">S. comptum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
8. Corollas white; fruits 1.5–2.2 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[518,582,231,249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 cm</quantity>
|
||
, depressed globose, with only the basal portion covered by the weakly accrescent fruiting calyx; stems, petioles, leaf blades, inflorescence axes, and pedicels unarmed or rarely sparsely armed with prickles; calyces unarmed or sparsely armed................................................... 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1369,1472,280,297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hieronymi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1369,1472,280,297]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">S. hieronymi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" box="[171,1472,304,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead box="[171,1472,304,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyStep box="[171,1472,304,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
7. Calyces pubescent with the stellate hairs sessile or with stalks up to
|
||
<quantity box="[808,874,304,321]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; North America.................................. 9
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" box="[208,1471,328,345]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead box="[208,1471,328,345]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
9. Plants up to
|
||
<quantity box="[355,403,328,345]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="m" value="0.2">0.2 m</quantity>
|
||
tall; leaf margins entire, sinuate to weakly lobed; inflorescence with up to ca. 4 flowers.............. 10.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1377,1471,328,345]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumilum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1377,1471,328,345]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">S. pumilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" box="[208,1472,352,369]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead box="[208,1472,352,369]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
9. Plants up to
|
||
<quantity box="[355,403,352,369]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="m" value="1.2">1.2 m</quantity>
|
||
tall; leaf margins weakly to deeply lobed; inflorescence with up to ca. 15 flowers............................. 10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
10. Stems unarmed or sparsely armed with prickles up to
|
||
<quantity box="[772,822,375,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; inflorescences unbranched or once branched; corollas
|
||
<quantity box="[373,449,399,417]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="cm" value="2.6" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.2">2.2–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter; central and southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[789,860,399,417]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">U. S. A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, locally naturalized worldwide................ 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1361,1472,399,416]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carolinense">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1361,1472,399,416]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">S. carolinense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[171,1472,160,464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="9" pageNumber="862">
|
||
10. Stems sparsely to moderately armed with prickles up to
|
||
<quantity box="[790,851,424,441]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; inflorescences 2- to several-branched; corollas
|
||
<quantity box="[373,449,446,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" unit="cm" value="3.2" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="2.0">2–4.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter; mainly
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[635,716,447,464]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[725,789,447,464]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[838,909,447,464]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">Georgia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, rarely in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[999,1097,447,464]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||
..................... 9.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1365,1472,447,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="862" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perplexum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1365,1472,447,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="862">S. perplexum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |