283 lines
31 KiB
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283 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48671e75-dd24-4e6d-8514-b0546ffd3fe3" ID-PMC="PMC4816990" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-60-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" ID-PubMed="27081344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576336" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2003-60-49" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 60" ModsDocTitle="Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen" checkinTime="1455253102424" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Robinson, Harold, Skvarla, John J. & Funk, Vicki A." docDate="2016" docId="D86A67A8DCB756216B95B98989717ADD" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 60: 49-126" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 60" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734" docTitle="Baccharoides Moench 1794" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB" masterDocTitle="Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1668141640099" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Robinson, Harold</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Skvarla, John J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Funk, Vicki A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>60</mods:number>
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<mods:start>49</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-60-49</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127870820" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D86A67A8DCB756216B95B98989717ADD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D86A67A8DCB756216B95B98989717ADD" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName LSID="D86A67A8-DCB7-5621-6B95-B98989717ADD" authority="Moench, 1794" authorityName="Moench" authorityYear="1794" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharoides" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Baccharoides Moench, 1794</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Baccharoides, Bothriocline, and Vernonia potamophila. Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. A Habit B Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish; Bothriocline laxa N. E. Br. C Immature heads; Vernonia potamophila Klatt. D Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figures 1 A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Illustrations: A Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. B Bothriocline aggregata Hutch., note: this taxon is not found in southern Africa C Ethulia conyzoides L. f., note: lack of pappus; and D Gymnanthemum koekemoerae H. Rob. & V. Funk, note: broad involucral bracts without a high midrib. See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77474" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">; 2 A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron electron micrographs from three collections of acetolyzed echinolophate Baccharoides pollen showing variations in spine shape from acute to markedly blunt. A-H. Baccharoides anthelmintica (L.) Moench. A polar view B Equatorial view C Lateral view D Near polar view E Equatorial view F Fractured grain G Lateral view H Equatorial view I Fractured grain. (A-C, USDA P. I. 283729; D-F, Cooray 70031701 R; G-I, Koelz 7469). [Views from Robinson and Skvarla (2010); Figure 1 B = original Figure 1 G; Figure 1 C = original Figure 1 H; and Figure 1 H = original Figure 1 J.]" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77475" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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; 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moench" authorityYear="1794" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharoides" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Baccharoides</taxonomicName>
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Moench, Methodus 328 (1794). - Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Conyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conyza anthelmintica" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anthelmintica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Conyza anthelmintica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassini" authorityYear="1817" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ascaricida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ascaricida" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ascaricida</taxonomicName>
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Cass., Dict. Sci. Nat. 3, suppl. 38 (1817), nom. superfl. - Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Conyza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conyza anthelmintica" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anthelmintica">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Conyza anthelmintica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Tenore" authorityYear="1839" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Candidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Candidea" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Candidea</taxonomicName>
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Tenore, Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Sez. Soc. Reale Borbon 4 (CI. Botan.): 104, t. 1, 2 (1839). - Type:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ten" authorityYear="1839" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Candidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Candidea senegalensis" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Candidea senegalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Tenore.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName authority="subsect. Stengelia" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" subsection="Stengelia">Vernonia subsect. Stengelia</taxonomicName>
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Sch. Bip. ex Walp., Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 946 (1843). - Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia adoensis" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia adoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Sch. Bip. ex Walp.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Stengelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stengelia" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Stengelia</taxonomicName>
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Steetz in Peters, Reise Mossamb., Bot. 360. 1864. - Type:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia schimperi" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schimperi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia schimperi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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DC.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="sect." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Stengelia">Vernonia sect. Stengelia</taxonomicName>
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(Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) Benth. in Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 2: 127 (1873).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="resources">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Resources.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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Treatment by
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<bibRefCitation author="Isawumi, MA" journalOrPublisher="Grana" pageId="50" pageNumber="99" pagination="205 - 230" publicationUrl="10.1080/00173139609430008" refId="B17" refString="Isawumi, MA, El-Ghazaly, G, Nordenstam, B, 1996. Pollen morphology, floral microcharacters and taxonomy of the genus Baccharoides Moench (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). Grana 35: 205 - 230, DOI: 10.1080/00173139609430008" title="Pollen morphology, floral microcharacters and taxonomy of the genus Baccharoides Moench (Vernonieae: Asteraceae)." url="10.1080/00173139609430008" volume="35" year="1996">Isawumi et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="descriptions">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Descriptions.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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Annual or perennial herbs, suffruticose; stems erect or reclining; hairs short-stalked with an erect, elongate apical cell. Leaves alternate, narrowly petiolate; blades chartaceous, ovate to elliptic, serrate, secondary veins pinnate, ascending at 45° angles or more. Inflorescence with single lateral or terminal head or heads in corymbiform groups; peduncles usually solid, sometimes fistulose. Heads with involucres broadly campanulate or hemispherical; bracts 25-100 in 4-8 series, mostly gradate but with outer bracts sometimes elongate and foliiform, tips of bracts appendaged, white or colored; receptacles epaleate. Florets 25-100 in a head; corollas reddish or lavender to white, with long slender basal tube, limb abruptly expanded at base, cylindrical, with lobes about as long as throat, erect, with various hairs and glands outside, inside with cells elongate, transversely striate; anther thecae spurred with small tails; endothecial cells with nodular thickenings on tranverse walls; apical appendages oblong-ovate, rounded or acute at tips, glabrous; nectary elongate, cylindrical; style base without node; sweeping hairs acicular. Achenes cylindrical or turbinate, 8-20-costate, glabrous or with setulae distinctly cleft or with glands or idioblasts, carpopodium annuliform, large to obsolete, with thickened porose walls, raphids in ovules elongate, with rhomboid tips; pappus pluriseriate, persistent or caducous, inner capillary, flattened, barbellate on margins, sometimes shortly connate at base, sometimes with outer row of small scales. Chromosome number x = 10 (
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<bibRefCitation author="Jones, SB" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club" pageId="50" pageNumber="99" pagination="168 - 171" publicationUrl="10.2307/2483355" refId="B20" refString="Jones, SB, 1970. Chromosome numbers in Compositae. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 97 (3): 168 - 171, DOI: 10.2307/2483355" title="Chromosome numbers in Compositae." url="10.2307/2483355" volume="97" year="1970">Jones 1970</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Mathew, PM" journalOrPublisher="Cytologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="100" pagination="679 - 690" publicationUrl="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/cytologia/41/0/_contents" refId="B29" refString="Mathew, PM, Mathew, A, 1983. Studies on south Indian Compositae. V. Cytotaxonomic consideration of the tribes Vernonieae and Eupatoriae. Cytologia 48: 679 - 690, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/cytologia/41/0/_contents" title="Studies on south Indian Compositae. V. Cytotaxonomic consideration of the tribes Vernonieae and Eupatoriae." url="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/cytologia/41/0/_contents" volume="48" year="1983">Mathew and Mathew 1983</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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Pollen. 43.5-72.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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diam. (
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<bibRefCitation author="Isawumi, MA" journalOrPublisher="Grana" pageId="50" pageNumber="99" pagination="205 - 230" publicationUrl="10.1080/00173139609430008" refId="B17" refString="Isawumi, MA, El-Ghazaly, G, Nordenstam, B, 1996. Pollen morphology, floral microcharacters and taxonomy of the genus Baccharoides Moench (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). Grana 35: 205 - 230, DOI: 10.1080/00173139609430008" title="Pollen morphology, floral microcharacters and taxonomy of the genus Baccharoides Moench (Vernonieae: Asteraceae)." url="10.1080/00173139609430008" volume="35" year="1996">Isawumi et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
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); tricolporate, echinolophate; lacunae regularly disposed, one at each pole, 2 across intercolpus; tectum restricted to muri, with distinct microperforations; stout baculae under muri firmly attached to footlayer (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Scanning electron electron micrographs from three collections of acetolyzed echinolophate Baccharoides pollen showing variations in spine shape from acute to markedly blunt. A-H. Baccharoides anthelmintica (L.) Moench. A polar view B Equatorial view C Lateral view D Near polar view E Equatorial view F Fractured grain G Lateral view H Equatorial view I Fractured grain. (A-C, USDA P. I. 283729; D-F, Cooray 70031701 R; G-I, Koelz 7469). [Views from Robinson and Skvarla (2010); Figure 1 B = original Figure 1 G; Figure 1 C = original Figure 1 H; and Figure 1 H = original Figure 1 J.]" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77475" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="974333" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Photographs of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moench" authorityYear="1794" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Baccharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharoides" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Baccharoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bothriocline" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bothriocline" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Bothriocline</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Klatt" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia potamophila" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potamophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia potamophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Baccharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharoides adoensis" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Baccharoides adoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
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Habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">B</emphasis>
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Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish;
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bothriocline" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bothriocline laxa" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Bothriocline laxa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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N.E. Br.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">C</emphasis>
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Immature heads;
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Klatt" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia potamophila" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potamophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia potamophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Klatt.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">D</emphasis>
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Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="974355" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77474" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Illustrations:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Baccharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharoides adoensis" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adoensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Baccharoides adoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Wild & G. V. Pope" authorityYear="1977" baseAuthorityName="Hutch." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bothriocline" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bothriocline aggregata" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aggregata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Bothriocline aggregata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hutch., note: this taxon is not found in southern Africa
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="L. f. subsp. conyzoides" authorityYear="1762" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Ethulia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ethulia conyzoides" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conyzoides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Ethulia conyzoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.f., note: lack of pappus; and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Rob. & V. A. Funk" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Gymnanthemum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gymnanthemum koekemoerae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="koekemoerae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Gymnanthemum koekemoerae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
H. Rob. & V. Funk, note: broad involucral bracts without a high midrib. See Appendix C for citation details.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="974373" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77475" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron electron micrographs from three collections of acetolyzed echinolophate
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moench" authorityYear="1794" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Baccharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharoides" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Baccharoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pollen showing variations in spine shape from acute to markedly blunt.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–H">A-H</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moench" authorityYear="1794" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Baccharoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baccharoides anthelmintica" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anthelmintica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Baccharoides anthelmintica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Moench.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
|
||
polar view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">B</emphasis>
|
||
Equatorial view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">C</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">D</emphasis>
|
||
Near polar view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">E</emphasis>
|
||
Equatorial view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">F</emphasis>
|
||
Fractured grain
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">G</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">H</emphasis>
|
||
Equatorial view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">I</emphasis>
|
||
Fractured grain. (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
, USDA P.I.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">283729</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Cooray 70031701R;
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Koelz 7469</emphasis>
|
||
). [Views from Robinson and Skvarla (2010); Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Baccharoides, Bothriocline, and Vernonia potamophila. Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. A Habit B Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish; Bothriocline laxa N. E. Br. C Immature heads; Vernonia potamophila Klatt. D Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">1 B</figureCitation>
|
||
= original Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Baccharoides, Bothriocline, and Vernonia potamophila. Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. A Habit B Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish; Bothriocline laxa N. E. Br. C Immature heads; Vernonia potamophila Klatt. D Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">1G</figureCitation>
|
||
; Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Baccharoides, Bothriocline, and Vernonia potamophila. Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. A Habit B Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish; Bothriocline laxa N. E. Br. C Immature heads; Vernonia potamophila Klatt. D Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
= original Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Baccharoides, Bothriocline, and Vernonia potamophila. Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. A Habit B Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish; Bothriocline laxa N. E. Br. C Immature heads; Vernonia potamophila Klatt. D Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">1H</figureCitation>
|
||
; and Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Baccharoides, Bothriocline, and Vernonia potamophila. Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. A Habit B Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish; Bothriocline laxa N. E. Br. C Immature heads; Vernonia potamophila Klatt. D Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">1H</figureCitation>
|
||
= original Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Baccharoides, Bothriocline, and Vernonia potamophila. Baccharoides adoensis (Sch. Bip. ex Walp.) H. Rob. A Habit B Close up of flowering head: note that the corollas are narrowed near the apex and have an lengthened throat that is much longer than the short lobes and the involucral bracts have a differentiated margin that is often pale or reddish; Bothriocline laxa N. E. Br. C Immature heads; Vernonia potamophila Klatt. D Image of herbarium specimen (PRE). See Appendix C for citation details." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/77473" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">1J</figureCitation>
|
||
.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Most notable secondary metabolites, sesquiterpene elemanolides (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bohlmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="50" pageNumber="99" pagination="3 - 43" publicationUrl="10.1007/978-3-7091-6928-5_2" refId="B5" refString="Bohlmann, F, Jakupovic, J, 1990. Progress in the chemistry of the Vernonieae (Compositae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 4: 3 - 43, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6928-5_2" title="Progress in the chemistry of the Vernonieae (Compositae)." url="10.1007/978-3-7091-6928-5_2" volume="4" year="1990">Bohlmann and Jakupovic 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia anthelmintica" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anthelmintica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia anthelmintica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Willd.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia hymenolepis" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hymenolepis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia hymenolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Rich.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia lasiopus" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiopus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia lasiopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
O. Hoffm.), eudesmanolide (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bohlmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="50" pageNumber="99" pagination="3 - 43" publicationUrl="10.1007/978-3-7091-6928-5_2" refId="B5" refString="Bohlmann, F, Jakupovic, J, 1990. Progress in the chemistry of the Vernonieae (Compositae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 4: 3 - 43, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6928-5_2" title="Progress in the chemistry of the Vernonieae (Compositae)." url="10.1007/978-3-7091-6928-5_2" volume="4" year="1990">Bohlmann and Jakupovi 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia adoensis" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adoensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Vernonia adoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sch. Bip. ex Walp.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |