172 lines
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172 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="447d0c45-35c7-4aaa-b3b3-acbf7069da06" ID-PMC="PMC7082394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" ID-PubMed="32210671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-142-1" checkinTime="1584104974826" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klopper, Ronell R., Crouch, Neil R., Smith, Gideon F. & van Wyk, Abraham E." docDate="2020" docId="A6F40EA8C75A51E79FC0BA96AED44D48" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 142: 1-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" docTitle="Aloe thraskii Baker 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139702755" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Klopper, Ronell R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crouch, Neil R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-142-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162487017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6F40EA8C75A51E79FC0BA96AED44D48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A6F40EA8C75A51E79FC0BA96AED44D48" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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NE
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<taxonomicName LSID="A6F40EA8-C75A-51E7-9FC0-BA96AED44D48" authority="Baker" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe thraskii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thraskii">Aloe thraskii Baker</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dune aloe, strand aloe (English); strandaalwyn (Afrikaans); umhlaba (Zulu).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Solitary, arborescent plant, up to 3 m high.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stem</emphasis>
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simple, erect, 1-2 m high, can be up to 4 m, with persistent dried leaves.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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condensed rosulate, gracefully recurved, dull green to glaucous, without lines or spots, lower surface sometimes with a few spines in median line, lanceolate-attenuate, 160 cm long, 22 cm wide at base; margin very thin, narrow, reddish or brownish-red, with small deltoid reddish teeth,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2 mm long, 10-20 mm apart; exudate honey-coloured.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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0.5-0.8 m high, erect, 4- to 8-branched.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Racemes</emphasis>
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broadly cylindrical, slightly acuminate, somewhat truncate, up to 25 cm long, usually shorter, very dense.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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9 mm long, 6 mm wide.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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1-2 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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greenish to orange in buds, lemon-yellow to pale orange when mature, greenish tipped,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 mm long,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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6 mm across ovary, enlarging towards throat, mouth constricted and upturned, cylindrical, slightly clavate; outer segments free for
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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17 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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exserted 15-20 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
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exserted to 20 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="flowering time">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering time.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">June-July.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Beach dunes, in almost pure sand in low coastal vegetation or taller bush.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe thraskii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thraskii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe thraskii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from the other tall, often single-stemmed aloes in KwaZulu-Natal (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Berger" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe candelabrum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candelabrum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe candelabrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Berger" authorityYear="1905" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe marlothii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marlothii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe marlothii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe pluridens" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pluridens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe pluridens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe rupestris" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rupestris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe rupestris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe spectabilis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe spectabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) with branched inflorescences, by its strictly coastal habitat and in having long (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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160
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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22 cm), strongly recurved, deeply channelled leaves with small reddish marginal teeth. The inflorescence is 4- to 8-branched with erect, very dense, broadly cylindrical, slightly acuminate and somewhat truncate racemes of up to 25 cm long. Flowers are lemon-yellow to pale orange and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 mm long. The long-exserted yellowish-orange stamens and style emerge from the flower at an angle (not straight as in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe rupestris" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rupestris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe rupestris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Near-threatened. Threats include habitat loss owing to urban expansion along the coast, as well as illegal collecting (
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<bibRefCitation author="Raimondo, D" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Raimondo, D, Von Staden, L, Foden, W, Victor, JE, Helme, NA, Turner, RC, Kamundi, DA, Manyama, PA, 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Occurs in a narrow coastal strip from the far northern coast of the Eastern Cape into KwaZulu-Natal to just north of Durban, South Africa (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Aloe thraskii. Photo: G. Nichols." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388270" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">44</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388270" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 44" startId="F44">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 44.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe thraskii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thraskii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe thraskii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Photo: G. Nichols.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |