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<mods:title id="B5F2BD64A99AA9CD13C169AA31B8CC60">Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FE87F0FFABFFD1FF57F9C0FE08FD02" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022576" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022576" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FFABFFD1FF57F9C0FE08FD02" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87F0FFABFFD1FF57F9C0FE08FD02" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF57F9C0FDA4F982" blockId="12.[151,621,1623,1682]" box="[151,621,1623,1649]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0A0818AFFABFFD0FF57F9C0FDA4F982" bold="true" box="[151,621,1623,1649]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFABFFD0FF57F9C0FDA4F982" ID-CoL="6NKQ5" authority="Mortensen, 1932 b" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,621,1623,1649]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Kionocidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF57F9C0FDA4F982" bold="true" box="[151,621,1623,1649]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF57F9C0FE4FF982" bold="true" box="[151,390,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Kionocidaris striata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FE4CF9C0FDA4F982" author="Mortensen" box="[396,621,1623,1649]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Mortensen, T. (1932 b) New contributions to the knowledge of the cidarids. 1. Notes on some recent cidarids (echinoderms, echinoids, taxonomy). Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 4, 145 - 174." type="journal article" year="1932" yearSuffix="b">Mortensen, 1932b</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF57F9EEFED5F961" blockId="12.[151,621,1623,1682]" box="[151,284,1657,1682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FF57F9EEFF11F962" box="[151,216,1657,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,524,546]" captionTargetBox="[366,1246,193,502]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[340,1247,193,502]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843339/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
AB.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFABFFD0FF57F956FBF3F905" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF57F956FBF3F905" blockId="12.[151,1436,1729,1782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFABFFD0FF57F956FD93F924" ID-CoL="6NKQ5" authority="Mortensen, 1932 b: 165" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityPageNumber="165" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,602,1729,1751]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Kionocidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF57F956FEACF924" box="[151,357,1729,1751]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Kionocidaris striata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFABFFD0FEACF955FD93F924" author="Mortensen" box="[364,602,1729,1751]" page="165" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1932">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FEACF955FDE0F924" author="Mortensen" box="[364,553,1729,1751]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Mortensen, T. (1932 b) New contributions to the knowledge of the cidarids. 1. Notes on some recent cidarids (echinoderms, echinoids, taxonomy). Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 4, 145 - 174." type="journal article" year="1932" yearSuffix="b">Mortensen, 1932b</bibRefCitation>
: 165
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167. Pl. V,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FD1BF956FCD0F924" box="[731,793,1729,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,524,546]" captionTargetBox="[366,1246,193,502]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[340,1247,193,502]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843339/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
. Pl. IX,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FCB0F956FC04F924" box="[880,973,1729,1751]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1696,1718]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,250,1247,1269]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1416,1376,1667]" captionTargetBox-1="[344,1242,451,1221]" captionTargetBox-2="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,1356,1675]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[340,1247,447,1225]" captionTargetId-2="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum)." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Histocidaris elegans (SAMC-A 22212): A. Side view of preserved specimen. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843333/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843335/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 46</figureCitation>
. Pl. XI,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FBE3F956FBADF924" box="[1059,1124,1729,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1253,1275]" captionTargetBox="[194,1367,185,1223]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[154,1439,158,1263]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. The body plan of an irregular echinoids or heart urchin (Echinocardium cordatum), showing terminology of different body parts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843331/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FBB1F956FB49F924" box="[1137,1152,1729,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1389,1411]" captionTargetBox="[369,1244,719,1364]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[340,1247,717,1368]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Goniocidaris (Goniocidaris) indica: A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen (SAMC- A 23089). C. Side view of preserved specimen (SAMC-A 28235)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843345/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">9</figureCitation>
. Pl. XII,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FB1FF956FAF2F924" box="[1247,1339,1729,1751]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1227,1249]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1430,448,1187]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,445,1206]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Detail of regular echinoid: upper (Stomopneustes variolaris) and lower (Stereocidaris excavata) side, showing terminology of various body parts." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843327/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 12</figureCitation>
. Pl. XIII,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FF07F977FEC1F905" box="[199,264,1760,1782]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1696,1718]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,1376,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1356,1675]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843333/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFABFFD0FED2F977FEF2F905" box="[274,315,1760,1782]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,524,546]" captionTargetBox-0="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetBox-1="[366,1246,193,502]" captionTargetId-0="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetId-1="figure@13.[340,1247,193,502]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843339/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">67</figureCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFABFFD0FE85F977FD72F905" author="Clark" box="[325,699,1760,1782]" page="216" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FE85F977FD4EF905" author="Clark" box="[325,647,1760,1782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock, 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 216
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFABFFD0FD05F977FC4DF905" author="Schultz" box="[709,900,1760,1782]" page="900" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FD05F977FC9BF905" author="Schultz" box="[709,850,1760,1782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Schultz, H. (2011) Sea-Urchins III, Worldwide Regular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 1338 pp." type="book" year="2011">Schultz, 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 900
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, Figs
<date id="FFE91026FFABFFD0FC01F977FBFFF905" box="[961,1078,1760,1782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1520" valueMax="1522">15201522</date>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFABFFD0FF57F8B5FE96F838" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF57F8B5FDFEF8C8" blockId="12.[151,1436,1826,2031]" box="[151,567,1826,1851]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF57F8B5FE49F8C8" bold="true" box="[151,384,1826,1851]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined.</emphasis>
MBC-A
<date id="FFE91026FFABFFD0FE23F8B4FDFEF8C8" box="[483,567,1827,1851]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="13-02-22">022213</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF07F8D1FE96F838" blockId="12.[151,1436,1826,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF07F8D1FEB9F8AC" bold="true" box="[199,368,1862,1887]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Identification.</emphasis>
Test somewhat high, flattened above, upper primary tubercles distinctively crenulated. Apical disc star-shaped—oculars narrowly insert, elevated, the same size as peristome, sparsely tuberculated. Primary spines thick, solid, serrated, fusiform, tapering to a simple end, encircled by scrobicular spines. Denuded test creamish in color.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFABFFD1FF07F841FD3EFD76" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF07F841FC88F81C" blockId="12.[151,1436,1826,2031]" box="[199,833,2006,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF07F841FE1BF81C" bold="true" box="[199,466,2006,2031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Global maximum size.</emphasis>
Maximum test diameter
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFABFFD0FD2BF840FCF4F81C" box="[747,829,2007,2031]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF28666EFFAAFFD1FF57FD9BFAB0FDD1" box="[151,1401,524,546]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843339/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[366,1246,193,502]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF57FD9BFAB0FDD1" blockId="13.[151,1401,524,546]" box="[151,1401,524,546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF57FD9BFEDBFDD1" bold="true" box="[151,274,524,546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFAAFFD1FED9FD9BFE2FFDD1" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1932" box="[281,486,524,546]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Kionocidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FED9FD9BFE2FFDD1" box="[281,486,524,546]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kionocidaris striata</emphasis>
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(MBC-A022213):
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FD69FD9BFD72FDD1" bold="true" box="[681,699,524,546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
. Map showing distribution.
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FC1AFD9BFC22FDD1" bold="true" box="[986,1003,524,546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
. Apical system of preserved specimen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF07FDDEFD3EFD76" blockId="13.[151,1437,585,754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF07FDDEFE7FFD91" bold="true" box="[199,438,585,610]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Global distribution.</emphasis>
Endemic to East coast region of South Africa, only record at
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFAAFFD1FB42FDDEFB02FD92" box="[1154,1227,585,610]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="126.0">126 m</quantity>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FAE2FDDEFF29FD76" author="Mortensen" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Mortensen, T. (1932 b) New contributions to the knowledge of the cidarids. 1. Notes on some recent cidarids (echinoderms, echinoids, taxonomy). Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 4, 145 - 174." type="journal article" year="1932" yearSuffix="b">Mortensen 1932b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FF2CFDFBFD81FD76" author="Clark" box="[236,584,620,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock 1976</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FD94FDFBFD23FD76" author="Schultz" box="[596,746,620,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Schultz, H. (2011) Sea-Urchins III, Worldwide Regular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 1338 pp." type="book" year="2011">Schultz 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFAAFFD1FF07FD06FE08FD02" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFAAFFD1FF07FD06FE08FD02" blockId="13.[151,1437,585,754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFAAFFD1FF07FD06FEF2FD59" bold="true" box="[199,315,657,682]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FE23FD06FD45FD5A" author="Schultz" box="[483,652,657,682]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Schultz, H. (2011) Sea-Urchins III, Worldwide Regular Deep Water Species. 1 st Edition. Scientific Publications, Hemdingen, 1338 pp." type="book" year="2011">Schultz (2011)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFAAFFD1FD5AFD06FBC4FD59" author="Clark" box="[666,1037,657,682]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Clark, A. &amp; Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark &amp; Courtman-Stock (1976)</bibRefCitation>
referred to the type in their report and no other specimen has been recorded. This species is represented by a single Iziko Museum sample, which is the type (MBC-A
<date id="FFE91026FFAAFFD1FE9FFD4EFE7FFD02" box="[351,438,729,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="13-02-22">022213</date>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>