389 lines
52 KiB
XML
389 lines
52 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C608B69C778C42BC8CDEE7111EB02F3C">Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, New Genus, and Convergent Evolution of a “ Reductive ” Ecomorph in Socially Symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)</mods:title>
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Parker and Owens
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³:
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(5): ³
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. F.I.
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Fagan. IBISCA;
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San
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|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B289545FFDD1F65FF77FF6FFE29FEF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333028310" collectorName="May & A. K. Tishechkin." country="Panama" latitude="9.283334" location="Lorenzo Forest" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-79.96667" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<location id="8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FF77FF6FFE88FF23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0:8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FF77FF6FFE88FF23" box="[151,299,194,215]" country="Panama" latitude="9.283334" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-79.96667" name="Lorenzo Forest" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Lorenzo Forest</location>
|
||
, STRI crane site.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74F9DFFFDD1F65FE38FF6FFDBCFF23" box="[472,543,193,215]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="925" value="9.283334">9°17′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74F9DFFFDD1F65FDC6FF6FFDDEFF23" box="[550,637,193,215]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="925" value="-79.96667">79°58′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
FIT-I3-15. 15-17
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5FACEFFDD1F65FEB3FF71FEDCFF05" box="[339,383,220,241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">May</collectorName>
|
||
2004
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5FACEFFDD1F65FE30FF71FDDCFF05" box="[464,639,220,241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">A.K. Tishechkin.</collectorName>
|
||
IBISCA’04;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D465491FFDD1F65FEEDFF5BFEB9FEF8" box="[269,282,246,268]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F357DF88FFDD1F65FEFFFF5AFE29FEF8" box="[287,394,247,268]" name="Panama" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FEFFFF5AFE29FEF8" bold="true" box="[287,394,247,268]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">PANAMA</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FE6AFF5AFE2DFEF8" bold="true" box="[394,398,247,268]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B289545FFDD1F65FE73FF5AFEBDFEA8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333028306" collectorName="May & A. K. Tishechkin." country="Panama" latitude="9.283334" location="San Lorenzo Forest" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-79.13333" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Colon">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498451FAFFDD1F65FE73FF5AFDA7FEF8" box="[403,516,247,268]" country="Panama" name="Colon" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Colón Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FDE7FF5AFF77FED2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0:8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FDE7FF5AFF77FED2" country="Panama" latitude="9.283334" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-79.13333" name="San Lorenzo Forest" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Colon">San Lorenzo Forest</location>
|
||
, STRI crane site.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74F9DFFFDD1F65FE66FEBCFE6FFED2" box="[390,460,273,295]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="925" value="9.283334">9°17′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74F9DFFFDD1F65FE35FEBCFD8BFED2" box="[469,552,273,295]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="925" value="-79.13333">79° 8′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
FIT-B3- 14. 20-21
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5FACEFFDD1F65FF1AFE81FE85FEB5" box="[250,294,300,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">May</collectorName>
|
||
2004
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5FACEFFDD1F65FE82FE81FDA4FEB5" box="[354,519,300,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">A.K. Tishechkin.</collectorName>
|
||
IBISCA’04; ³
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F357DF88FFDD1F65FF53FEEAFEBDFEA8" box="[179,286,327,348]" name="Panama" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FF53FEEAFEBDFEA8" bold="true" box="[179,286,327,348]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">PANAMA</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FEFEFEEAFE81FEA8" bold="true" box="[286,290,327,348]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B289545FFDD1F65FECEFEEAFE5DFE15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333028301" collectingDate="2003-10-23" collectionCode="T, R, FMNH, IL" collectorName="Didham, L. & Fagan." country="United States of America" county="Chicago" elevation="1" latitude="9.283334" location="San Lorenzo Forest." longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-79.96667" municipality="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Colon" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498451FAFFDD1F65FECEFEEAFE04FEA8" box="[302,423,327,348]" country="Panama" name="Colon" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Colón Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FE52FEEAFDDCFEA8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0:8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FE52FEEAFDDCFEA8" box="[434,639,327,348]" country="United States of America" county="Chicago" latitude="9.283334" longLatPrecision="1300" longitude="-79.96667" municipality="Field Museum of Natural History" name="San Lorenzo Forest." pageId="5" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Colon">San Lorenzo Forest.</location>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74F9DFFFDD1F65FF77FECCFF7DFE82" box="[151,222,353,375]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="925" value="9.283334">9°17′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE74F9DFFFDD1F65FF02FECCFE9FFE82" box="[226,316,353,375]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="925" value="-79.96667">79°58′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. F.I.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5107DDFFDD1F65FE82FECCFED0FE82" box="[354,371,353,374]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB832FDFFDD1F65FE9EFECCFE0CFE82" box="[382,431,353,374]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1.3">
|
||
<elevation id="006D782BFFDD1F65FE9EFECCFE0CFE82" box="[382,431,353,374]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="1.3">1.3m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
10d FL-C1A1.3b.
|
||
<date id="FFFEB9D8FFDD1F65FD80FECCFF7BFE65" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" value="2003-10-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFBA4030FFDD1F65FD80FECCFF7BFE65" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" value="2003-10-23">23. x.2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5107DDFFDD1F65FF07FED1FF54FE65" box="[231,247,380,401]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5FACEFFDD1F65FF1AFED1FE0CFE65" box="[250,431,380,401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Didham, L.Fagan.</collectorName>
|
||
IBISCA.
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5FACEFFDD1F65FDFEFED1FDE1FE65" box="[542,578,380,401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">The</collectorName>
|
||
male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB21BAFFDD1F65FF77FE3BFF48FE5F" box="[151,235,406,427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D465491FFDD1F65FF17FE3BFEECFE5F" box="[247,335,406,427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB21BAFFDD1F65FEB7FE3BFE11FE5F" box="[343,434,406,427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D465491FFDD1F65FE08FE3BFDF2FE5F" box="[488,593,406,427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB21BAFFDD1F65FDB9FE3BFF6AFE32" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
are deposited in
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9B0562FFDD1F65FE60FE1CFF7EFE15" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Field Museum of Natural History</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5107DDFFDD1F65FF0DFE61FE96FE15" box="[237,309,460,481]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCounty id="629EE794FFDD1F65FEA9FE61FE3AFE15" box="[329,409,460,481]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Chicago</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5107DDFFDD1F65FE46FE61FE1DFE15" box="[422,446,460,481]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">IL</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F357DF88FFDD1F65FE2CFE61FE5DFE15" box="[460,510,460,481]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B289545FFDD1F65FDEAFE61FDD8FDE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333028309" collectionCode="LSAM" collectorName="Baton Rouge, LA" country="United States of America" location="Arthropod Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Louisiana" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
A male and female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB21BAFFDD1F65FF3EFE4BFE8DFE0F" box="[222,302,486,507]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
are held at the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498451FAFFDD1F65FE25FE4BFDF5FE0F" box="[453,598,486,507]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Louisiana State</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FDBEFE4BFE94FDE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0:8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FDBEFE4BFE94FDE2" country="United States of America" name="Arthropod Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Louisiana">Arthropod Museum</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5107DDFFDD1F65FEA3FDACFE2BFDE2" box="[323,392,513,534]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33726" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33726" name="Louisiana State Arthropod Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">LSAM</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectorName id="26B5FACEFFDD1F65FE78FDACFDE3FDE2" box="[408,576,513,534]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Baton Rouge, LA</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F357DF88FFDD1F65FDA9FDACFDD8FDE2" box="[585,635,513,534]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35ACC93FFDD1F65FF4FFDB6FDDCFD74" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF9F18FFDD1F65FF4FFDB6FDDCFD74" blockId="5.[151,639,193,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FF4FFDB6FEB4FDC4" bold="true" box="[175,279,539,560]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
As for the genus, additionally with vestiture of regularly spaced, spatulate setae on dorsal surface, and aedeagus with narrow distal process and patches of erect setae on distal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35ACC93FFDD1F65FF4FFD2BFE27F9AC" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF9F18FFDD1F65FF4FFD2BFE6AF9FC" blockId="5.[151,639,193,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FF4FFD2BFE8BFD6F" bold="true" box="[175,296,646,667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB21BAFFDD1F65FECCFD2BFE20FD6F" box="[300,387,646,667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB832FDFFDD1F65FDCBFD2BFDDDFD6F" box="[555,638,646,667]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.57" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="1.57">1.57 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FF7EFD0DFEAEFD41" box="[158,269,672,693]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Upper body surface shiny and glabrous except for sparse but regularly spaced large, suberect, spatulate setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FE64FD7BFE52FD1F" box="[388,497,726,747]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Figs. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FE1AFD7BFDD3FD1F" box="[506,624,725,747]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[175,206,1250,1269]" captionTargetBox="[156,1167,196,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-146@3.[154,1169,194,1235]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, confocal images of male paratype. A) Head, lateral view, arrow indicates ocular-mandibular carina, B) Head, dorsal view, with apically notched scape and laterally notched palpomere 4 (arrow) indicated, C) Labrum with four setae (arrow) on epipharynx, D) Prothorax, lateral view, boxed region enlarged in D’ to show spatulate setae; E) Mesoventrite with foveae labeled according to their possible homology to the pselaphine foveation pattern of Chandler (2001): ppf = prepectal fovea; lmvf = lateral mesoventral fovea; mmvf = median mesoventral fovea; MCC = anterior edge of mesocoxal cavity, F) Protarsus (apical tarsomere enlarged in F’ to show tarsal claws) and apical protibial region showing transverse sulcus (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788909/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">2A, B, D, D’</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body and antenna light reddish brown, appendages and maxillary palpi orange-yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FDE0FCA6FDD1FCD4" box="[512,626,779,800]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FF77FC88FF76FCCE" bold="true" box="[151,213,805,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Moderately transverse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FE2AFC88FDBDFCCE" box="[458,542,805,826]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Figs 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FDCEFC88FDEFFCCE" box="[558,588,805,826]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[175,206,1250,1269]" captionTargetBox="[156,1167,196,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-146@3.[154,1169,194,1235]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, confocal images of male paratype. A) Head, lateral view, arrow indicates ocular-mandibular carina, B) Head, dorsal view, with apically notched scape and laterally notched palpomere 4 (arrow) indicated, C) Labrum with four setae (arrow) on epipharynx, D) Prothorax, lateral view, boxed region enlarged in D’ to show spatulate setae; E) Mesoventrite with foveae labeled according to their possible homology to the pselaphine foveation pattern of Chandler (2001): ppf = prepectal fovea; lmvf = lateral mesoventral fovea; mmvf = median mesoventral fovea; MCC = anterior edge of mesocoxal cavity, F) Protarsus (apical tarsomere enlarged in F’ to show tarsal claws) and apical protibial region showing transverse sulcus (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788909/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Integument smooth, shiny; dorsal surface with evenly spaced, spatulate setae; ventral surface with dense vestiture of simple, closely spaced setae. Vertex gently convex, smooth, lacking foveae, sulci, or carinae. Eye small, semi-circular, composed of approximately 45 facets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FE48FC68FE5CFC2E" box="[424,511,965,986]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[175,206,1250,1269]" captionTargetBox="[156,1167,196,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-146@3.[154,1169,194,1235]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, confocal images of male paratype. A) Head, lateral view, arrow indicates ocular-mandibular carina, B) Head, dorsal view, with apically notched scape and laterally notched palpomere 4 (arrow) indicated, C) Labrum with four setae (arrow) on epipharynx, D) Prothorax, lateral view, boxed region enlarged in D’ to show spatulate setae; E) Mesoventrite with foveae labeled according to their possible homology to the pselaphine foveation pattern of Chandler (2001): ppf = prepectal fovea; lmvf = lateral mesoventral fovea; mmvf = median mesoventral fovea; MCC = anterior edge of mesocoxal cavity, F) Protarsus (apical tarsomere enlarged in F’ to show tarsal claws) and apical protibial region showing transverse sulcus (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788909/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Postocular margins longer than eye length, gently rounded, narrowing from eyes towards base. Antennomeres 1–3 longer than wide; 3–10 subrectangular, about as long as wide; 11 largest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FE76FB82FE46FBB0" box="[406,485,1071,1092]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[175,206,1250,1269]" captionTargetBox="[156,1167,196,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-146@3.[154,1169,194,1235]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, confocal images of male paratype. A) Head, lateral view, arrow indicates ocular-mandibular carina, B) Head, dorsal view, with apically notched scape and laterally notched palpomere 4 (arrow) indicated, C) Labrum with four setae (arrow) on epipharynx, D) Prothorax, lateral view, boxed region enlarged in D’ to show spatulate setae; E) Mesoventrite with foveae labeled according to their possible homology to the pselaphine foveation pattern of Chandler (2001): ppf = prepectal fovea; lmvf = lateral mesoventral fovea; mmvf = median mesoventral fovea; MCC = anterior edge of mesocoxal cavity, F) Protarsus (apical tarsomere enlarged in F’ to show tarsal claws) and apical protibial region showing transverse sulcus (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788909/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FE1AFB82FDE8FBB0" bold="true" box="[506,587,1071,1092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum slightly wider than long, widest point at about 1/3 length; lateral margin rounded; disc smoothly shiny with evenly spaced, spatulate setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FDC6FBD2FDD9FB60" box="[550,634,1151,1172]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FF77FB34FF14FB5A" box="[151,183,1177,1198]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[175,206,1250,1269]" captionTargetBox="[156,1167,196,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-146@3.[154,1169,194,1235]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, confocal images of male paratype. A) Head, lateral view, arrow indicates ocular-mandibular carina, B) Head, dorsal view, with apically notched scape and laterally notched palpomere 4 (arrow) indicated, C) Labrum with four setae (arrow) on epipharynx, D) Prothorax, lateral view, boxed region enlarged in D’ to show spatulate setae; E) Mesoventrite with foveae labeled according to their possible homology to the pselaphine foveation pattern of Chandler (2001): ppf = prepectal fovea; lmvf = lateral mesoventral fovea; mmvf = median mesoventral fovea; MCC = anterior edge of mesocoxal cavity, F) Protarsus (apical tarsomere enlarged in F’ to show tarsal claws) and apical protibial region showing transverse sulcus (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788909/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesoventrite with fine lattice microsculpture medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FF1CFB19FEE9FB3D" box="[252,330,1204,1225]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[175,206,1250,1269]" captionTargetBox="[156,1167,196,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-146@3.[154,1169,194,1235]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, confocal images of male paratype. A) Head, lateral view, arrow indicates ocular-mandibular carina, B) Head, dorsal view, with apically notched scape and laterally notched palpomere 4 (arrow) indicated, C) Labrum with four setae (arrow) on epipharynx, D) Prothorax, lateral view, boxed region enlarged in D’ to show spatulate setae; E) Mesoventrite with foveae labeled according to their possible homology to the pselaphine foveation pattern of Chandler (2001): ppf = prepectal fovea; lmvf = lateral mesoventral fovea; mmvf = median mesoventral fovea; MCC = anterior edge of mesocoxal cavity, F) Protarsus (apical tarsomere enlarged in F’ to show tarsal claws) and apical protibial region showing transverse sulcus (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788909/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metaventrite smoothly shiny, vestiture of simple, closely spaced setae becoming denser in area between meso- and metacoxae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FF77FAAEFEA3FAEC" bold="true" box="[151,256,1283,1304]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Wider than long, narrowed posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FF7EFAB3FEA0FAC7" box="[158,259,1310,1331]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Aedeagus with dorsal diaphragm large, centrally positioned within disc; parameres absent; distal process narrow; distal surface with patches of short, erect setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FEA5FAC3FE31FA77" box="[325,402,1390,1411]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[197,228,621,640]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,196,604]" captionTargetId="figure-535@4.[175,1190,194,606]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, male. A) Prosternum showing single, large procoxal cavity (PCC), with circular margin indicated; the intercoxal process (ICP) is recessed inside the procoxal cavity, B) Foreleg with tibial sulcus (arrow); C) Protarsus with projections of bifid anterior tarsal claw (arrows), D) Aedeagus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788934/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FE44FAC3FE48FA77" bold="true" box="[420,491,1390,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Elytra:</emphasis>
|
||
Subtrapezoidal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FF7EFA25FF45FA69" box="[158,230,1416,1437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
), base much narrower than apex; foveae and striae absent; surface smoothly shiny, covered with evenly spaced, spatulate setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137B839DFFDD1F65FE26FA13FD90FA27" box="[454,563,1470,1491]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[197,228,1711,1730]" captionTargetBox="[177,1188,908,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-334@2.[175,1190,906,1695]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Batriscydmaenus tishechkini, holotype male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4788893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4788893/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FDA7FA13FDDEFA27" bold="true" box="[583,637,1470,1491]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
Simple, elongate, unmodified except protibia with transverse sulcus in apical third.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF9F18FFDD1F65FF4FF9A0FE27F9AC" blockId="5.[151,639,193,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FF4FF9A0FF5CF9D6" bold="true" box="[175,255,1549,1570]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Externally similar to male. Eye slightly smaller, approximately 25 facets. Lacking transverse sulcus on protibia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35ACC93FFDD1F65FF4FF9F0FCDAFCA1" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF9F18FFDD1F65FF4FF9F0FE0CF936" blockId="5.[151,639,193,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FF4FF9F0FE81F986" bold="true" box="[175,290,1629,1650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name honors our colleague and friend Alexey Tishechkin, histerid expert and myrmecophile enthusiast, who collected several specimens of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FB21BAFFDD1F65FEA2F900FEC8F936" box="[322,363,1709,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF9F18FFDD1F65FD25FF6FFCDAFCA1" blockId="5.[685,1173,194,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FD25FF6FFC1AFF23" bold="true" box="[709,953,194,215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Biological Information.</emphasis>
|
||
All specimens were collected by either flight intercept traps or a Winkler extractor, so the biology of the species is unknown. However, we think it highly likely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FBF6FEBCFB37FED2" box="[1046,1172,273,294]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Batriscydmaenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tishechkini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FBF6FEBCFB37FED2" box="[1046,1172,273,294]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">B. tishechkini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a myrmecophile or possibly a termitophile based on a suite of morphological features. The extensive loss of foveae, sulci, and striae to produce a smooth cuticle is a trait common to many inquilinous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FD05FE3BFBA0FE5F" authority="(Chandler 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Chandler" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[741,1027,406,427]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pselaphinae">
|
||
Pselaphinae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1E2E9FFDD1F65FC86FE3BFC5FFE5F" author="Chandler, D. S." box="[870,1020,406,427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" refId="ref6632" refString="Chandler, D. S. 2001. Biology, Morphology and Systematics of the Ant-Like Litter Beetles of Australia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, Associated Publishers, Gainesville, FL." type="book" year="2001">Chandler 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The spatulate setae closely match the form of known pselaphine myrmecophiles such as the trogastrine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FBCAFE66FCDEFE0F" authority="Parker and Maruyama" authorityName="Parker and Maruyama" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Jubogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FBCAFE66FB37FE14" box="[1066,1172,459,480]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Jubogaster</emphasis>
|
||
Parker and Maruyama
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1E2E9FFDD1F65FC67FE4BFB2EFE0F" author="Parker, J." box="[903,1165,486,507]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" pagination="369 - 378" refId="ref7702" refString="Parker, J., and M. Maruyama. 2013. Jubogaster towai, a new Neotropical genus and species of Trogastrini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) exhibiting myrmecophily and extreme body enlargement. Zootaxa 3630: 369 - 378." type="journal article" year="2013">Parker and Maruyama 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and some myrmecophilous aleocharines such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FD4DFDB6FC70FDC4" authority="Wasmann. The" authorityName="Wasmann. The" box="[685,979,539,560]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Phyllodinarda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FD4DFDB6FC96FDC4" box="[685,821,539,560]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Phyllodinarda</emphasis>
|
||
Wasmann. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
robust, nearly moniliform antennae, composed of compact antennomeres, are also a feature of numerous pselaphine myrmecophiles and termitophiles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1E2E9FFDD1F65FC17FDC6FB2AFD74" author="Chandler, D. S." box="[1015,1161,619,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" refId="ref6632" refString="Chandler, D. S. 2001. Biology, Morphology and Systematics of the Ant-Like Litter Beetles of Australia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Memoirs on Entomology, International, Associated Publishers, Gainesville, FL." type="book" year="2001">Chandler 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FCF6FD2BFC35FD6F" box="[790,918,646,667]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Batriscydmaenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tishechkini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FCF6FD2BFC35FD6F" box="[790,918,646,667]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">B. tishechkini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is strikingly similar in appearance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FCC4FD0DFB89FD41" authority="Yin" authorityName="Yin" box="[804,1066,672,693]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loeblibatrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FCC4FD0DFC5EFD41" box="[804,1021,672,693]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Loeblibatrus yunnanus</emphasis>
|
||
Yin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a myrmecophile of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FCEDFD16FC76FD24" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1867" box="[781,981,699,720]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ectomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FCEDFD16FC3DFD24" box="[781,926,699,720]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Ectomomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F357DF88FFDD1F65FC0EFD16FB85FD24" box="[1006,1062,699,720]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1E2E9FFDD1F65FBD0FD16FB29FD24" author="Yin, Z. - W." box="[1072,1162,699,720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref8240" refString="Yin, Z. - W. 2018. Loeblibatrus Yin, a new genus of myrmecophilous pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from southern China. The Coleopterists Bulletin 72: 233 - 240." type="journal article" year="2018">Yin 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the absence of molecular data from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C40E49BFFDD1F65FBF7FD78FB2EFD1E" authorityName="Yin" authorityYear="2018" box="[1047,1165,725,746]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loeblibatrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FBF7FD78FB2EFD1E" box="[1047,1165,725,746]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Loeblibatrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we presently hypothesize that this close similarity is the outcome of convergent evolution in response to selection inside social insect colonies, rather than from shared ancestry.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35ACC93FFDD1F65FD25FCF7FC87FBB0" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFF9F18FFDD1F65FD25FCF7FC87FBB0" blockId="5.[685,1173,194,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis id="B934430AFFDD1F65FD25FCF7FC9BFC9B" bold="true" box="[709,824,858,879]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B289545FFDD1F65FCA0FCF7FBEFFC2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333028304" collectionCode="FMNH" location="New" municipality="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="York">
|
||
No further specimens of this genus were recovered despite searching in the following museum collections that have extensive holdings of Neotropical pselaphine material:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5107DDFFDD1F65FC06FC07FB8EFC4B" box="[998,1069,938,959]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9B0562FFDD1F65FBD7FC07FC6DFC2E" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">American Museum of Natural History</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FC3FFC68FBAFFC2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0:8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FC3FFC68FBAFFC2E" box="[991,1036,965,986]" municipality="American Museum of Natural History" name="New" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="York">New</location>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498451FAFFDD1F65FBFBFC68FBEFFC2E" box="[1051,1100,965,986]" country="United Kingdom" name="York" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">York</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B289545FFDD1F65FBBDFC68FC83FBB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3333028305" country="United Kingdom" location="University of New" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hampshire">
|
||
Snow Entomological Museum Collection, Kansas, Natural History Museum, London,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F357DF88FFDD1F65FC2CFC57FC52FBFB" box="[972,1009,1018,1039]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the personal collection of Donald Chandler (
|
||
<location id="8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FC3FFBB9FB37FBDD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0:8E9FC9C3FFDD1F65FC3FFBB9FB37FBDD" box="[991,1172,1044,1065]" country="United Kingdom" name="University of New" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Hampshire">University of New</location>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498451FAFFDD1F65FD4DFB82FCBAFBB0" box="[685,793,1071,1092]" country="United Kingdom" name="Hampshire" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |