treatments-xml/data/03/9B/4C/039B4C3C2E13FF98FF42FCA0E196FAB7.xml
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<document id="1E25906C0A977AA25F70A1F789F84F46" ID-CLB-Dataset="270787" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5350.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="503ff6a9-9260-469d-af97-456e103cbfae" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-ZooBank="23B4C9BF-A1A4-4D27-8C30-E4A23DAD01AB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1695987895977" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Saad, Adib, Çiçek, Erdoğan, Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil &amp; Eagderi, Soheil" docDate="2023" docId="039B4C3C2E13FF98FF42FCA0E196FAB7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5350.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5350 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5350.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ctenopharyngodon idella" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFA234442E0BFF80FFD5FFE2E357FFCE" masterDocTitle="Freshwater fishes of Syria: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1699692675315" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D6A92901D16F90D6F0B0A3F4C2708EB9">Freshwater fishes of Syria: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="88DFA1B6E01BF014E322C11C249356B0">Saad, Adib</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0584920ABBE6C54303F8F23DC0B0BD7">Al Andalus University, Kadmus, Tartus, Syria / Syrian Society for Aquatic Environment Protection, Lattakia, Syria. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6393 - 2836</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ADD7C0C98831CF7E4975197E991D32C4">Çiçek, Erdoğan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5D41EA05FA137EBB1B77B216B7FB88C7">Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevþehir Hacý BektaþVeli University, Nevþehir, T ¸ rkiye.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7956E0D240D642D45757C18F577C33F8">Esmaeili, Hamid Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1B663A2AF45F473942E837F9E18CCEA8">Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9736 - 397 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1D3323E1FBBF51F1F9A96C42106A1399">Fricke, Ronald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA01DE43942F64630FECFE4D03799327">Staatliches Museum f ¸ r Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1476 - 6990</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2782FDE31FE2F0CB94C3337EED68C998">Sungur, Sevil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="69D1ECDA87C1184E2E32FA4F56BE3222">Health Services Vocational School, Nevþehir Hacý BektaþVeli University, Nevþehir, T ¸ rkiye. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4018 - 6375</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="DBC18C7689F0C6A61BF93166342284D2">Al Andalus University, Kadmus, Tartus, Syria / Syrian Society for Aquatic Environment Protection, Lattakia, Syria. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6393 - 2836 &amp; Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1134 - 0356 * Corresponding author: erdogancicek 50 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5334 - 5737 &amp; Al Andalus University, Kadmus, Tartus, Syria / Syrian Society for Aquatic Environment Protection, Lattakia, Syria. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6393 - 2836</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="039B4C3C2E13FF98FF42FCA0E196FAB7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="213683811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B4C3C2E13FF98FF42FCA0E196FAB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B4C3C2E13FF98FF42FCA0E196FAB7" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="D0C54A462E13FF98FF42FCA0E0A0FC93" box="[151,1015,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C3286A92E13FF98FF42FCA0E1E0FC92" ID-CoL="99H8T" ID-ENA="7959" authority="(Valenciennes, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,695,834,861]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Ctenopharyngodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idella">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FCA0E1E0FC92" bold="true" box="[151,695,834,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FCA0E2EAFC93" bold="true" box="[151,445,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ctenopharyngodon idella</emphasis>
(Valenciennes, 1844)
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[I]
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FD0FFCA1E1A4FC92" box="[730,755,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25"></emphasis>
Grass carp; Carp acheb
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<paragraph id="8B8DFD2A2E13FF98FF42FC85E79FFC6B" blockId="24.[151,1437,834,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FC85E24DFC4F" bold="true" box="[151,282,871,897]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
Original description:
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<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FDCAFC85E18EFC4F" box="[543,729,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leuciscus idella</emphasis>
Valenciennes, 1844: 362
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="F325BDBA2E13FF98FBC1FC85E70BFC4F" box="[1044,1116,871,897]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">China</collectingCountry>
; no
<typeStatus id="548943882E13FF98FB41FC85E798FC4F" box="[1172,1231,871,897]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">types</typeStatus>
known).—Syrian synonyms: None.—Revisions:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA380DB2E13FF98FDFBFC69E1B9FC6B" author="Berg, L. S." box="[558,750,906,933]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 496" refId="ref50748" refString="Berg, L. S. (1949) Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 2. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the Fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries, No. 29, 467 - 925. [in Russian. English translation appeared in Israel Program of Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1964, pp. 1 - 496.]" type="journal article" year="1949">Berg (1949: 597)</bibRefCitation>
.—Illustration:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA380DB2E13FF98FC4EFC69E702FC6B" author="Berg, L. S." box="[923,1109,906,933]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 496" refId="ref50748" refString="Berg, L. S. (1949) Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 2. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the Fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries, No. 29, 467 - 925. [in Russian. English translation appeared in Israel Program of Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1964, pp. 1 - 496.]" type="journal article" year="1949">Berg (1949: 598</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 353).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8DFD2A2E13FF98FF42FC4CE1D9FC23" blockId="24.[151,1437,834,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FC4CE206FC06" bold="true" box="[151,337,942,968]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Status in
<collectingCountry id="F325BDBA2E13FF98FEDFFC4CE21BFC06" box="[266,332,942,968]" name="Syria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Syria</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Introduced by the Government of Syria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA380DB2E13FF98FCFDFC4DE75FFC07" author="Jehan, Y. &amp; Egg, L. Y." box="[808,1032,943,969]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref55869" refString="Jehan, Y. &amp; Egg, L. Y. (1977) Final report of artificial breeding of grass carp in Syria. Tech. Rep. Korean Mission, s. l. 195 pp." type="book" year="1977">Jehan &amp; Egg, 1977</bibRefCitation>
); subsequently reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA380DB2E13FF98FA97FC4DE243FC23" author="Hussain, M. G." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref55517" refString="Hussain, M. G. (1981) Artificial propagation of grass carp in Masab Fish Fann, Syria. Tech. Rep. (UNV Multi-Sectoral Assistance Project SYR / 78 / 007). United Nations Development Programme, Damascus, 6 pp." type="book" year="1981">Hussain (1981</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA380DB2E13FF98FEF5FC31E20FFC23" author="Hussain, M. G." box="[288,344,979,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="115 - 119" refId="ref55564" refString="Hussain, M. G. (1988) Development of induced spawning procedures for grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, in Syria. Asian Fisheries Science, 2, 115 - 119. https: // doi. org / 10.33997 / j. afs. 1988.2.1.011" type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
).—Syrian materials: None.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328AEA12E13FF98FF42FC14E190FAC3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8DFD2A2E13FF98FF42FC14E291FB27" blockId="24.[151,1437,834,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FC14E292FBDE" bold="true" box="[151,453,1014,1041]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="F325BDBA2E13FF98FDA9FC15E1ECFBDF" box="[636,699,1015,1041]" name="Syria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Syria</collectingCountry>
: Euphrates River and Assad Lake.—Distribution in River Basin: 1-Dajleh &amp; Khabour, 2-Euphrates &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49F633C82E13FF98FD51FBF9E18FFBFB" box="[644,728,1051,1077]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
.—General distribution:
<collectingCountry id="F325BDBA2E13FF98FC24FBF9E734FBFB" box="[1009,1123,1051,1077]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">East Asia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingCountry id="F325BDBA2E13FF98FBA4FBF9E7E3FBFB" box="[1137,1204,1051,1077]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F325BDBA2E13FF98FB27FBF9E617FBFB" box="[1266,1344,1051,1077]" name="Russia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Russia</collectingCountry>
; widely introduced elsewhere.—Distribution in Ecoregion: 441-Lower Tigris &amp; Euphrates, 442-Upper Tigris &amp; Euphrates.—Habitat: This species conducts its spawning and overwintering in middle and lower stretches of large floodplain rivers (below
<quantity id="4CCA50CF2E13FF98FDC8FB65E120FB6F" box="[541,631,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1000.0">1,000 m</quantity>
altitude), within lakes, reservoirs, and backwaters during feeding season, preferring warm, clear water and high oxygen concentration. It is tolerant of a wide range of environmental variables. Freshwater.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8DFD2A2E13FF98FF42FB10E190FAC3" blockId="24.[151,1437,834,1401]" box="[151,711,1266,1293]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FB10E2F3FAC2" bold="true" box="[151,420,1266,1292]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Economic importance.</emphasis>
Commercially important.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328AEA12E13FF98FF42FAF5E196FAB7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B8DFD2A2E13FF98FF42FAF5E27FFA9B" blockId="24.[151,1437,834,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FAF5E295FAFE" bold="true" box="[151,450,1302,1329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
Aquaculture/research; Biocontrol: to prevent eutrophication, aquatic plants, and pest control.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8DFD2A2E13FF98FF42FABCE196FAB7" blockId="24.[151,1437,834,1401]" box="[151,705,1374,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B94621382E13FF98FF42FABCE268FAB6" bold="true" box="[151,319,1374,1400]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Conservation.</emphasis>
Not relevant (introduced species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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