121 lines
13 KiB
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121 lines
13 KiB
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<document id="8BA1B641F97BE5A733C667B818A51931" ID-CLB-Dataset="45492" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.279989" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4657bda3-51b4-4a8c-ae92-3b2c390d879e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="279989" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460436364267" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Khalaim, Andrey I. & Broad, Gavin R." docDate="2012" docId="03F5878CE979FFB5FF03F9AE27FBFCF2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03185p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3185" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Barycnemis Forster 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FFCCFFF4E973FFBEFF94FFD0256FFD5E" masterDocTitle="Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Costa Rica, part 1. Genera Allophrys Förster, Barycnemis Förster and Meggoleus To w ne s" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="36" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698332307418" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="47BBC9DB21750A902ABF929AFA173F48">
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<mods:title id="A995942B8A32BA7FB3EFC09F28D9243F">Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Costa Rica, part 1. Genera Allophrys Förster, Barycnemis Förster and Meggoleus To w ne s</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="913CC48076E360B9BC8A0EA76B762533">Khalaim, Andrey I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="56F6F9D08BED59C6B1114393D7149331" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="697C1BC4F853487F51693C7879CF8E61">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B722F7CAFB511A928E6D1826CB214831">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A213CD712343EA36AF089A5A559A66D0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="511D5651A6A3DE6866077237C0972618">
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<mods:date id="D1E992AB8731F52D5898BF4070922A54">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="36A6AA03D9022F193F4A061481CBD058" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1F46767F9EA455145F4AFFC82A0085C1">3185</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F600F89942186831EA27A951D2C687A4">36</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="A8FEA52FC9E2CF31EB3E911FAD2E8977" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.279989</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F5878CE979FFB5FF03F9AE27FBFCF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6176658" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119432028" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6176658" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CE979FFB5FF03F9AE27FBFCF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5878CE979FFB5FF03F9AE27FBFCF2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="C3466511E979FFB4FF03F9AE24BEFBC6" box="[151,465,1662,1688]" pageId="10" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AE979FFB4FF03F9AE24BEFBC6" blockId="10.[151,465,1662,1688]" box="[151,465,1662,1688]" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="D0AB81F6E979FFB4FF03F9AE24BEFBC6" bold="true" box="[151,465,1662,1688]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E979FFB4FF03F9AE24BEFBC6" ID-CoL="62F59" ID-ENA="273967" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,465,1662,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Barycnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E979FFB4FF03F9AE24BEFBC6" bold="true" box="[151,465,1662,1688]" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E979FFB4FF03F9AE2449FBC6" bold="true" box="[151,294,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">Barycnemis</emphasis>
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Förster, 1869
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3466511E979FFB4FF03F91627C6FA8A" pageId="10" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AE979FFB4FF03F91627D3FB85" blockId="10.[151,700,1733,1755]" box="[151,700,1733,1755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">
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<typeStatus id="54E78838E979FFB4FF03F91625A7FB85" box="[151,200,1734,1755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E979FFB4FEB2F91627D6FB85" authority="Gravenhorst, 1829" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[294,697,1733,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Porizon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claviventris">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E979FFB4FEB2F916249DFB85" box="[294,498,1733,1755]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">Porizon claviventris</emphasis>
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Gravenhorst, 1829
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AE979FFB4FF03F8D927C6FA8A" blockId="10.[151,1436,1799,2004]" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E979FFB4FF03F8D92474FA7E" box="[151,283,1801,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Barycnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E979FFB4FF03F8D92474FA7E" box="[151,283,1801,1824]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="46">Barycnemis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other Costa Rican tersilochine genera by the combination of a long, thin and linear foveate groove on the mesopleuron, the propodeum with a small spiracle and basal furrow distinctly longer than the apical area, thickened femora and tibiae, the hind tibial spurs distinctly curved apically, and the first metasomal tergite with distinct glymmae. The single Costa Rican species possesses a slender, apically white flagellum. The genus is characterized by considerable sexual dimorphism with males more difficult to recognize than females, especially so for the highly specialized species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3466511E978FFB5FF53FF4927FBFCF2" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AE978FFB5FF53FF492692FDA9" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E978FFB5FF53FF492424FDEE" ID-CoL="62F59" box="[199,331,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Barycnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E978FFB5FF53FF492424FDEE" box="[199,331,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Barycnemis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a medium-sized, predominantly Holarctic genus with about 35 described species. In the New World 13 species occur in the Nearctic region (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BE978FFB5FD21FF6C26EFFD8A" author="Horstmann" box="[693,896,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Horstmann, K. (2010) Revision of Nearctic Tersilochinae II. Genera Allophrys Forster, Barycnemis Forster, Ctenophion gen. nov., Sathropterus Forster, Spinolochus Horstmann and Stethantyx Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Spixiana, 33, 73 - 109." type="journal article" year="2010">Horstmann, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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), and two species were described from
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<collectingCountry id="F34B760AE978FFB5FAD3FF6C20F3FD8A" box="[1351,1436,188,212]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BE978FFB5FF0AFF0F2424FDA9" author="Khalaim" box="[158,331,223,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Khalaim, A. I. (2002) Two new species of the genus Barycnemis Forster from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Tersilochinae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 11, 167 - 169." type="journal article" year="2002">Khalaim, 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). One species has been found in
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<collectingCountry id="F34B760AE978FFB5FD2CFF0F265AFDA9" box="[696,821,223,247]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, described below.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AE978FFB5FF53FED527FBFCF2" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">
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In Europe two species are known as parasitoids of
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E978FFB5FC8BFED42618FC42" box="[799,887,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Byrrhys</emphasis>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E978FFB5FC27FED42149FC42" ID-CoL="7HC" box="[947,1062,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Byrrhidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Byrrhidae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BE978FFB5FBD4FED4206DFC42" author="Horstmann" box="[1088,1282,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Horstmann, K. (1981) Revision der europaischen Tersilochinae II (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Spixiana, supplement 4 (1980), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1981">Horstmann 1981</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E978FFB5FADCFED42774FC61" ID-CoL="M49N" authority="Kraatz" authorityName="Kraatz" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bledius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E978FFB5FADCFED42460FC1E" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Bledius spectabilis</emphasis>
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Kraatz (Staphylinidae)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BE978FFB5FDB8FEF72647FC61" author="Wyatt" box="[556,808,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Wyatt, T. D. & Foster, W. A. (1989) Parental care in the subsocial intertidal beetle, Bledius spectabilis, in relation to parasitism by the ichneumonid wasp, Barycnemis blediator. Behaviour, 110, 76 - 92." type="journal article" year="1989">Wyatt & Foster 1989</bibRefCitation>
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), and in the Nearctic region
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E978FFB5FBEEFEF92009FC61" authority="Ashmead" authorityName="Ashmead" box="[1146,1382,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bledius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linearis">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E978FFB5FBEEFEF9219EFC1E" box="[1146,1265,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">B. linearis</emphasis>
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Ashmead
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</taxonomicName>
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was reared from
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E978FFB5FEB4FE9C24EDFC3A" ID-CoL="8HNYT" box="[288,386,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pissodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E978FFB5FEB4FE9C24EDFC3A" box="[288,386,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Pissodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E978FFB5FE23FE9C2736FC3A" ID-CoL="8HBQ5" box="[439,601,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BE978FFB5FDFBFE9C2665FC3A" author="Viereck" box="[623,778,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" refString="Viereck, H. L. (1912) Contributions to our knowledge of bees and ichneumon-flies, including the descriptions of twenty-one new genera and fifty-seven new species of ichneumon-flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 42, 613 - 648." type="journal article" year="1912">Viereck 1912</bibRefCitation>
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). The few known hosts thus represent a variety of families, although perhaps a generalisation can be made that at least hosts of some of the more specialized
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19E978FFB5FB76FEA12009FCD6" ID-CoL="62F59" box="[1250,1382,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Barycnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88E978FFB5FB76FEA12009FCD6" box="[1250,1382,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="47">Barycnemis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species live in soil or similar crumbly substrates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |