treatments-xml/data/03/DD/87/03DD87D3FFE8FFAD55EA973AFD556946.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

275 lines
36 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="96E98C2796A1759CD3BBD4E8B6B1DAE2" ID-CLB-Dataset="202628" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2022.2134061" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b46e09e-c06f-438a-8621-f79aafa3d8c1" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7397619" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1670225736986" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dal Pos, Davide, Heilman, Victoria &amp; Welter-Schultes, Francisco" docDate="2022" docId="03DD87D3FFE8FFAD55EA973AFD556946" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.56.41-44.1869-1938.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 56" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2134061" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Probolus Wesmael 1845" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="1921" masterDocId="FFE4FFABFFDBFF9954139245FF856C59" masterDocTitle="Platylabini (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae) of the south-eastern United States: new distributional data, taxonomic notes, illustrated keys, and an annotated catalogue of the genera and species" masterLastPageNumber="1938" masterPageNumber="1869" pageNumber="1920" updateTime="1699412800606" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="A34AF97AE4898F56299EB09BB1A34F04" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="206D62A43CDAAD51AA6C26E961FDE71F">
<mods:title id="E74EB888F76D0BD98C4EB2F40DA1CE0B">Platylabini (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ichneumoninae) of the south-eastern United States: new distributional data, taxonomic notes, illustrated keys, and an annotated catalogue of the genera and species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="13BF40C7E52CB08C00F21519835A9F66" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5AF769B45BD7B63AA27908889BB058A8">
<mods:roleTerm id="CBBE65EEEF215EF4F7B0209994C5F19A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F3FC0D27ADA1746FC55A4B1CB6F83CE5">Dal Pos, Davide</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5DAED8F1387E9A36FCC22215F43A40E3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D38915B954D9783B39EA4CA2C03F6FDE">
<mods:roleTerm id="E3C5893DA6480FCCEE03AC0634100657">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A5CDE1191A0420068500F718AB9F5D21">Heilman, Victoria</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DDEE354C2A813A310F7DB37F70532C4F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3823CBC78BA009B53C493189AFC89346">
<mods:roleTerm id="79A71368FFB15E8EB7394C8FF2233980">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="36E87DEC0DEFBC69553037177FBE02BC">Welter-Schultes, Francisco</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D20579C813338BD7CF72873EAA16A0BB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="43F04DF4AE028E3B32A60D1BB822C3C0" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="78DD02FFD73DE0629032BA144AA3CA65">
<mods:title id="D69FD6131108AAEAF2C8056168F89895">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="DA0EEBBBF5BA9AEB114BC73B0B8BACA6">
<mods:date id="96A8198618E7607CBD72796BE4F5A0EB">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="49F4A6E19CDBBC1195BC29345F4B0746" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="226FD6BF171016D014B12BD43F54F376">2022-12-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="CFF8E4F45E763D46B173D41A238C9843" type="volume">
<mods:number id="720EE34FA69F972E681BFCBE212912BB">56</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FE4E8BD6DB202230AA763885159DDE1A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="4803AEB986B988BE6C08DE5BDF397219">1869</mods:start>
<mods:end id="67C95BDBB213E981B674F4F293EF3CC2">1938</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="607849070E3146FBF5B23684F95C7FF9">
<mods:url id="84E43F2D6ED32245F5B002CEF5949A5D">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2134061</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="50398A3F1173771C5D3A1A696C5AEA3A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="18E0808A6D992A9E4C5C6C0800BFC89D" type="CLB-Dataset">202628</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="444A37A553AD0168A68C11517F5211D2" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2022.2134061</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="680C6650EF835CF87B4FD64249544FDA" type="GBIF-Dataset">7b46e09e-c06f-438a-8621-f79aafa3d8c1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="131F43D8DC445385F22C4B71F5A7E29C" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D036EEE4D78130B11920708B806970E0" type="Zenodo-Dep">7397619</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DD87D3FFE8FFAD55EA973AFD556946" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7397701" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205804528" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7397701" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87D3FFE8FFAD55EA973AFD556946" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87D3FFE8FFAD55EA973AFD556946" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="1921" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFE8FFAA55EA973AFCAF69C0" box="[505,810,1407,1433]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFE8FFAA55EA973AFCAF69C0" blockId="51.[505,810,1407,1433]" box="[505,810,1407,1433]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<heading id="D08381A9FFE8FFAA55EA973AFCAF69C0" bold="true" box="[505,810,1407,1433]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFE8FFAA55EA973AFCAF69C0" ID-CoL="6W44" ID-ENA="495493" authority="Wesmael, 1845" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[505,810,1407,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Probolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA55EA973AFCAF69C0" bold="true" box="[505,810,1407,1433]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA55EA973AFDE069C0" bold="true" box="[505,613,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Probolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFE8FFAA567F973AFCAF69C0" author="Wesmael C" box="[620,810,1407,1433]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29910" refString="Wesmael C. 1845. Tentamen dispositionis methodicae. Ichneumonum Belgii. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 18: 1 - 239. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66034." type="journal article" year="1845">Wesmael, 1845</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFE8FFAA54B397F1FD0D6994" box="[160,648,1460,1485]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFE8FFAA54B397F1FD0D6994" blockId="51.[160,1155,1460,1589]" box="[160,648,1460,1485]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6411EBFFE8FFAA54B397F1FD0D6994" box="[160,648,1460,1485]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<treatmentCitation id="0AD510D4FFE8FFAA54B397F1FD016994" author="Wesmael C" box="[160,644,1460,1485]" page="150" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" year="1845">
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFE8FFAA54B397F1FD016994" authority="Wesmael, 1845: 150" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1845" box="[160,644,1460,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Probolus">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA54B397F1FE9F6994" box="[160,282,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Ichneumon</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA553F97F1FE0F6994" box="[300,394,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Probolus</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFE8FFAA558F97F1FD016994" author="Wesmael C" box="[412,644,1460,1485]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29910" refString="Wesmael C. 1845. Tentamen dispositionis methodicae. Ichneumonum Belgii. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 18: 1 - 239. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66034." type="journal article" year="1845">Wesmael, 1845: 150</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFE8FFAA568197F1FF666A22" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFE8FFAA568197F1FD0B6A6C" blockId="51.[160,1155,1460,1589]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFE8FFAA568197F1FD4D6994" box="[658,712,1460,1485]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Type</typeStatus>
species originally
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFE8FFAA57B297F1FEEC69A9" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA57B297F1FB066994" box="[929,1155,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Ichneumon fossorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy. This
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFE8FFAA56589792FDF869A9" box="[587,637,1495,1520]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">type</typeStatus>
species was set aside because it was misidentified, and a new
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFE8FFAA559097BCFE306A4B" box="[387,437,1529,1554]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFE8FFAA560797BCFC4F6A4B" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[532,970,1529,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ichneumnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culpatorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA560797BCFC9E6A4B" box="[532,795,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Ichneumnon culpatorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
was fixed under ICZN Article 70.3.2, by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFE8FFAA55AC9459FD0F6A6C" author="Horstmann K" box="[447,650,1564,1589]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref28211" refString="Horstmann K. 2000. Die europaischen Arten von Probolus Wesmael, 1845 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Entomofauna. 21: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2000">Horstmann (2000)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFE8FFAA54B39424FF666A22" blockId="51.[160,1155,1633,1728]" box="[160,227,1633,1659]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA54B39424FF666A22" bold="true" box="[160,227,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Notes</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E654EFFE8FFAD54B394C0FD556946" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="1921" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFE8FFAD54B394C0FC4B6D56" blockId="51.[160,1155,1633,1728]" lastBlockId="52.[160,1157,142,1311]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="1921" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFE8FFAA54B394C0FF536AC7" box="[160,214,1669,1694]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Type</typeStatus>
species originally fixed as
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFE8FFAA561994C0FC1A6AC7" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[522,927,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA561994C0FD6E6AC7" box="[522,747,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Ichneumon fossorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy, with a second species
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFE8FFAA556A94E2FCBF6A99" authority="Gravenhorst, 1820" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1820" box="[377,826,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFE8FFAA556A94E2FDD36A99" box="[377,598,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920">Ichneumon alticola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFE8FFAA567194E2FCBF6A99" author="Gravenhorst JLC" box="[610,826,1703,1728]" pageId="51" pageNumber="1920" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst, 1820</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
included with doubts (not belonging to the originally included nominal species under
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD574892CBFC566CFE" author="ICZN &amp; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[859,979,142,167]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="306" refId="ref28238" refString="ICZN [International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]. 1999. International code of Zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. London (UK): The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature; p. 306." type="book chapter" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
, Article 67.2.5).
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD54B392F4FED66C93" author="Wesmael C" box="[160,339,177,202]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29910" refString="Wesmael C. 1845. Tentamen dispositionis methodicae. Ichneumonum Belgii. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 18: 1 - 239. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66034." type="journal article" year="1845">Wesmael (1845)</bibRefCitation>
did not cite an authorship for
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD56BF92F4FC986C93" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[684,797,177,202]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD56BF92F4FC986C93" box="[684,797,177,202]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. fossorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Subsequent authors attributed the name incorrectly to
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD55AF9291FD136CB4" author="Gravenhorst JLC" box="[444,662,212,237]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst (1820)</bibRefCitation>
and recognised this as a different species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD54B592B3FED96D56" author="Ashmead WH" box="[166,348,246,271]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 220" refId="ref25944" refString="Ashmead WH. 1900 a. Classification of the Ichneumon flies, or the superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Proc US Natl Mus. 23 (1206): 1 - 220. doi: 10.5479 / si. 00963801.23 - 1206.1." type="journal article" year="1900">Ashmead 1900a</bibRefCitation>
, p. 19;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD55BE92B3FDB86D56" author="Viereck HL" box="[429,573,246,271]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 186" refId="ref29841" refString="Viereck HL. 1914. Type species of the genera of Ichneumon flies. US Nat Mus Bull. 83 (i - v): 1 - 186." type="journal article" year="1914">Viereck 1914</bibRefCitation>
, p. 122;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD568F92B3FCEB6D56" author="Townes HK &amp; Momoi S &amp; Townes M" box="[668,878,246,271]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 661" refId="ref29701" refString="Townes HK, Momoi S, Townes M. 1965. A catalogue and reclassification of the Eastern Palearctic Ichneumonidae. Mem Am Entomol Ins. 5: 1 - 661." type="journal article" year="1965">Townes et al. 1965</bibRefCitation>
, p. 509).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFEFFFAD54D3935CFF6E6E8B" blockId="52.[160,1157,142,1311]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD54D3935CFE0B6D6B" author="Gravenhorst JLC" box="[192,398,281,306]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst (1820</bibRefCitation>
, p. 285) used the Linnean name subsequently and did not establish a new name. Under No. 9
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD55C59379FCF76D0C" authority="', Gravenhorst" authorityName="', Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1820" box="[470,882,316,341]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsericans">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD55C59379FD506D0C" box="[470,725,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Ichneumon subsericans</emphasis>
, Gravenhorst
</taxonomicName>
reported
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD57F59379FBE66D0C" box="[998,1123,316,341]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fosssorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD57F59379FBE66D0C" box="[998,1123,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. fosssorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as used by Linnaeus and other authors, to belong to the species
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD574D931BFF526DC3" authority="Gravenhorst, 1820" authorityName="', Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1820" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsericans">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD574D931BFC686D2E" box="[862,1005,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. subsericans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD57E7931BFF526DC3" author="Gravenhorst JLC" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst, 1820</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Under No. 10
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD559693C4FC1B6DC3" authority="', Gravenhorst (1820, p. 285)" authorityName="', Gravenhorst" authorityPageNumber="285" authorityYear="1820" box="[389,926,385,410]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD559693C4FDE16DC3" box="[389,612,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Ichneumon fossorius</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD566593C4FCC06DC3" author="Gravenhorst JLC" box="[630,837,385,410]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst (1820</bibRefCitation>
, p. 285)
</taxonomicName>
presented a species under the name
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD554A93E1FE4C6DE4" authorityName="', Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1820" box="[345,457,420,445]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD554A93E1FE4C6DE4" box="[345,457,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. fossorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and explained that he used this name in the sense of Fabricius (and Walckenaer and Müller), not of Linnaeus.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD56DE9383FC2C6D86" author="Gravenhorst JLC" box="[717,937,454,479]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst (1820)</bibRefCitation>
did not intend to establish a new name, but used subsequently the previously established name
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD54B39049FE466E7C" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[160,451,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD54B39049FE976E7C" box="[160,274,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. fossorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
, in the taxonomic sense of Fabricius and other authorities. So, this usage was a misidentification of
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD566B906BFE286E33" authority="Linnaeus, 1758 sensu Fabricius, Walckenaer and Muller" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD566B906BFD706E1E" box="[632,757,558,583]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. fossorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758 sensu Fabricius, Walckenaer and Müller
</taxonomicName>
(Gravenhorst did not provide bibliographic references). Such a misidentified name cannot be taken to establish a new available name (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD50179031FBFB6ED4" author="ICZN &amp; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[1028,1150,628,653]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="306" refId="ref28238" refString="ICZN [International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]. 1999. International code of Zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. London (UK): The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature; p. 306." type="book chapter" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
, Article 49). Thus, no new name was established, either by Fabricius or by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD57E990D3FF626E8B" author="Gravenhorst JLC" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst (1820)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFEFFFAD54D39099FC806FFB" blockId="52.[160,1157,142,1311]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD54D39099FEE36EAC" author="Carlson RW" box="[192,358,732,757]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="315 - 741" refId="ref26617" refString="Carlson RW. 1979. Family Ichneumonidae. In: Krombein KV, Hurd PD Jr., Smith DR, Burks BD, editors. Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico. Vol 1. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press; p. 315 - 741." type="book chapter" year="1979">Carlson (1979</bibRefCitation>
, p. 513) interpreted
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD566F9099FBD36EAC" authority="Gravenhorst, 1820" authorityName="', Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1820" box="[636,1110,732,757]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD566F9099FCEF6EAC" box="[636,874,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Ichneumon fossorius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD57699099FBD36EAC" author="Gravenhorst JLC" box="[890,1110,732,757]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst, 1820</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as a deliberate misidentification of
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD563790BBFC416F4E" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[548,964,766,791]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD563790BBFC8F6F4E" box="[548,778,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Ichneumon fossorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD57EB90BBFF5A6F63" author="Gravenhorst JLC" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="827" refId="ref27469" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1829. Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars I. Vratislaviae: Sumtibus auctoris; p. 827." type="book chapter" year="1829">Gravenhorst (1829</bibRefCitation>
, p. 164). Such a case would fall under ICZN Articles 11.10 and 67.13, but only if the deliberately misidentified species was employed to establish a new genus or subgenus. This situation does not apply here.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD56949123FCBE6F26" author="Wesmael C" box="[647,827,870,895]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29910" refString="Wesmael C. 1845. Tentamen dispositionis methodicae. Ichneumonum Belgii. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 18: 1 - 239. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66034." type="journal article" year="1845">Wesmael (1845)</bibRefCitation>
did not demonstrate awareness of a misidentification when establishing
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD56B291CCFD7A6FFB" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[673,767,905,930]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Probolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD56B291CCFD7A6FFB" box="[673,767,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Probolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36C5FFEFFFAD54D391E9FD556946" blockId="52.[160,1157,142,1311]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD54D391E9FE0E6F9C" author="Horstmann K" box="[192,395,940,965]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref28211" refString="Horstmann K. 2000. Die europaischen Arten von Probolus Wesmael, 1845 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Entomofauna. 21: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2000">Horstmann (2000)</bibRefCitation>
reported that
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD562091E9FD626F9C" author="Wesmael C" box="[563,743,940,965]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29910" refString="Wesmael C. 1845. Tentamen dispositionis methodicae. Ichneumonum Belgii. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 18: 1 - 239. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66034." type="journal article" year="1845">Wesmael (1845)</bibRefCitation>
misidentified the
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFEFFFAD57A591E9FC6D6F9C" box="[950,1000,940,965]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">type</typeStatus>
species (confirming previous statements by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD5606918BFD496FBE" author="Wesmael C" box="[533,716,974,999]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="292 - 341" refId="ref29953" refString="Wesmael C. 1848. Mantissa Ichneumonim belgii. Bulletins de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 15: 292 - 341." type="journal article" year="1848">Wesmael (1848)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD571F918BFC4E6FBE" author="Wesmael C" box="[780,971,974,999]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="297 - 328" refId="ref29983" refString="Wesmael C. 1853. Ichneumones Platyuri Europaei. Descriptiones et adnotationes novae. Bulletins de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 20: 297 - 328." type="journal article" year="1853">Wesmael (1853))</bibRefCitation>
, and that
<specimenCount id="9D72FD4CFFEFFFAD505B918BFF696853" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" type="female">three female</specimenCount>
specimens in the collection matched the description of the
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD578091B4FC746853" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[915,1009,1009,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Probolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD578091B4FC746853" box="[915,1009,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Probolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFEFFFAD57EA91B4FBAE6853" box="[1017,1067,1009,1034]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">type</typeStatus>
species by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD54D09651FEF26874" author="Wesmael C" box="[195,375,1044,1069]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29910" refString="Wesmael C. 1845. Tentamen dispositionis methodicae. Ichneumonum Belgii. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 18: 1 - 239. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66034." type="journal article" year="1845">Wesmael (1845)</bibRefCitation>
. These specimens belonged to
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD56C89651FB066874" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[731,1155,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culpatorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD56C89651FC516874" box="[731,980,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Ichneumon culpatorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus,
<quantity id="4C8C9B20FFEFFFAD505F9651FB066874" box="[1100,1155,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.46532" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" unit="in" value="1758.0">1758</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in the taxonomic judgement of
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD561C9673FD596816" author="Horstmann K" box="[527,732,1078,1103]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref28211" refString="Horstmann K. 2000. Die europaischen Arten von Probolus Wesmael, 1845 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Entomofauna. 21: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2000">Horstmann (2000)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD56FA9673FC336816" author="Horstmann K" box="[745,950,1078,1103]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref28211" refString="Horstmann K. 2000. Die europaischen Arten von Probolus Wesmael, 1845 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Entomofauna. 21: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2000">Horstmann (2000)</bibRefCitation>
cited Article 70.3, stating that
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD5522961CFDF2682B" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[305,631,1113,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culpatorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD5522961CFE45682B" box="[305,448,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. culpatorius</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
shall be the
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFEFFFAD570A961CFCC8682B" box="[793,845,1113,1138]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">type</typeStatus>
, originally misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD54B39639FE9D68CC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[160,280,1148,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD54B39639FE9D68CC" box="[160,280,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. fossorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFEFFFAD55659639FE2C68CC" box="[374,425,1148,1173]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">type</typeStatus>
fixation by monotypy by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD56F49639FC2468CC" author="Wesmael C" box="[743,929,1148,1173]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29910" refString="Wesmael C. 1845. Tentamen dispositionis methodicae. Ichneumonum Belgii. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et Beaux-Arts de Belgique. 18: 1 - 239. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66034." type="journal article" year="1845">Wesmael (1845)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD57A19639FB0168CC" author="Horstmann K" box="[946,1156,1148,1173]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref28211" refString="Horstmann K. 2000. Die europaischen Arten von Probolus Wesmael, 1845 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Entomofauna. 21: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2000">Horstmann (2000)</bibRefCitation>
attributed
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD550D96DBFE1068EE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[286,405,1182,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD550D96DBFE1068EE" box="[286,405,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. fossorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD55D496DBFD1D68EE" author="Gravenhorst JLC" box="[455,664,1182,1207]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="275 - 388" refId="ref27444" refString="Gravenhorst JLC. 1820. Monographia ichneumonum Pedemontanae regionis. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. 24: 275 - 388." type="journal article" year="1820">Gravenhorst 1820</bibRefCitation>
; however, incorrect authorship and date citations are immaterial in such acts, and in any case the authorship does not form part of the name (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD552A96A1FE3568A4" author="ICZN &amp; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[313,432,1252,1277]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="306" refId="ref28238" refString="ICZN [International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]. 1999. International code of Zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. London (UK): The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature; p. 306." type="book chapter" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
, Articles 67.7 and 51.1). By this action
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B34FFEFFFAD577B96A1FBB668A4" author="Horstmann K" box="[872,1075,1252,1277]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" pagination="293 - 300" refId="ref28211" refString="Horstmann K. 2000. Die europaischen Arten von Probolus Wesmael, 1845 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Entomofauna. 21: 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2000">Horstmann (2000)</bibRefCitation>
validly fixed
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD54CD9743FEEC6946" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[222,361,1286,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ichneumon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culpatorius">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD54CD9743FEEC6946" box="[222,361,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">I. culpatorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the
<typeStatus id="54CF8867FFEFFFAD55AF9743FE6B6946" box="[444,494,1286,1311]" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C744D46FFEFFFAD567F9743FD4F6946" authorityName="Wesmael" authorityYear="1845" box="[620,714,1286,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Probolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B900EAD7FFEFFFAD567F9743FD4F6946" box="[620,714,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="1921">Probolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>