317 lines
41 KiB
XML
317 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="DF40A7685B76DAD2714EBAFADBB744A5" ID-CLB-Dataset="29300" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4450.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aebfbe64-4abc-4c7b-b4e0-88698bef5eb1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1444998" ID-ZooBank="1CE24D40-39D3-40BF-A1A0-2D0C15DCEDE3" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538635281749" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Snyman, Louwrens P., Sole, Catherine L. & Ohl, Michael" docDate="2018" docId="03DCAC591A7247644DF5FD1355BE176F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4450.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4450 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Necyla Navas" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="519" masterDocId="FFE5D4211A6347764D62FFFA555E1167" masterDocTitle="A revision of and keys to the genera of the Mantispinae of the Oriental and Palearctic regions (Neuroptera: Mantispidae)" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="518" updateTime="1698564534464" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2D45584ACFCBA03DBFC475080C2443C2">A revision of and keys to the genera of the Mantispinae of the Oriental and Palearctic regions (Neuroptera: Mantispidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="68DC9945B06302D3F2D936DA43A94A07" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="20751181CDC242E465415E46C79C9D59">Snyman, Louwrens P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B5AE5CA1B4C8C32A23028FB4A24203C4">Sole, Catherine L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5427F87D6FAA013BE5D642F43F06E650">Ohl, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="062064BB84195B3E395F15A958470D44">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8E1C78494CCB107AB3432D23F9CFA168">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E7C58B0B7C44DE117D2A6A0CA77D56CB">
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<mods:date id="D8CB9C4AE7D93F7BFA79CFA98AA58B9B">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="43FBF8740E5C3C2B954F5FDB814FDC60">2018-07-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="96189D2F158E28BFB4EAD4A3F72251A5">4450</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A48DEC8E9F924D2B3347D33365E43850">5</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DCAC591A7247644DF5FD1355BE176F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5980179" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148462508" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5980179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DCAC591A7247644DF5FD1355BE176F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DCAC591A7247644DF5FD1355BE176F" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<subSubSection id="C36F4EC41A7247674DF5FD1354CA1264" box="[151,404,745,771]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DF5FD1354CA1264" blockId="17.[151,404,745,771]" box="[151,404,745,771]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<heading id="D082AA231A7247674DF5FD1354CA1264" bold="true" box="[151,404,745,771]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674DF5FD1354CA1264" bold="true" box="[151,404,745,771]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674D8CFD1354CA1264" ID-CoL="5Y8C" authority="Navas" authorityName="Navas" box="[238,404,745,771]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674D8CFD13541F1264" bold="true" box="[238,321,745,771]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Necyla</emphasis>
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Navás
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F4EC41A7247674DF5FCCA573F12C5" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DF5FCCA54F21203" blockId="17.[151,1436,816,930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674DF5FCCA54241221" ID-CoL="5Y8C" authority="Navas, 1913 a" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,378,816,838]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674DF5FCCA55811221" bold="true" box="[151,223,816,838]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Necyla</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7247674D8BFCCA54241221" box="[233,378,816,838]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refId="ref31719" refString="Navas, L. (1913 a) Neuroptera asiatica. I series. Revue Russe d'Entomologie, 13, 271 - 284." type="journal article">Navás, 1913a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, [incorrect original spelling as
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674FAEFCCA56501221" authorityName="Navás" authorityYear="1913" box="[716,782,816,838]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Nicyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674FAEFCCA56501221" box="[716,782,816,838]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Nicylа</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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]. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674EA2FCCA51B01221" ID-CoL="4646P" authority="Navas, 1913 a" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1913" box="[960,1262,816,838]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674EA2FCCA510B1221" box="[960,1109,816,838]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Necylа exiguа</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7247674902FCCA51B01221" box="[1120,1262,816,838]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refId="ref31719" refString="Navas, L. (1913 a) Neuroptera asiatica. I series. Revue Russe d'Entomologie, 13, 271 - 284." type="journal article">Navás, 1913a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[as
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674840FCCA54551202" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Nicyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674840FCCA503A1221" box="[1314,1380,816,838]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Nicylа</emphasis>
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[sic]
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674DA5FCAA54551202" box="[199,267,848,869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">exiguа</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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], by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DF5FC94573F12C5" blockId="17.[151,1436,816,930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674DF5FC9454C512E4" ID-CoL="69S6" authority="Poivre, 1984 a" authorityName="Poivre" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,411,877,899]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Orientispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674DF5FC94545A12E4" box="[151,260,878,899]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Orientispа</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7247674C68FC9754C512E4" box="[266,411,877,899]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refId="ref33495" refString="Poivre, C. (1984) Les Mantispides de L'institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Insecta, Planipennia) 1 re Partie: Especes d'Europe, d'Asie et d'Afrique. Neuroptera International, 3, 23 - 32." type="journal article">Poivré, 1984a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674F54FC94568E12E4" ID-CoL="SSW2" authority="Nakahara, 1961" authorityName="Nakahara" authorityYear="1961" box="[566,976,877,899]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shirozui">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674F54FC94567612E4" box="[566,808,877,899]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Cercomаntispа shirozui</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7247674E4CFC97568E12E4" box="[814,976,877,899]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refId="ref31559" refString="Nakahara, W. (1961) A new species of the Mantispidae from Japan (Neuroptera). Mushi, 35, 63 - 66." type="journal article">Nakahara, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(as "
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674964FC9450D812E4" ID-CoL="755L2" authority="(Nakahara, 1961)" authorityName="Nakahara" authorityYear="1961" baseAuthorityName="Nakahara" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[1030,1414,877,899]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Orientispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shirozui">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674964FC94519412E4" box="[1030,1226,877,899]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Orientispа shirozui</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A72476749BAFC97502112E4" box="[1240,1407,877,899]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refId="ref31559" refString="Nakahara, W. (1961) A new species of the Mantispidae from Japan (Neuroptera). Mushi, 35, 63 - 66." type="journal article">Nakahara, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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"), by original designation. (New synonym)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F4EC41A7247674DF5FC3457841280" box="[151,730,974,999]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DF5FC3457841280" blockId="17.[151,1436,974,2007]" box="[151,730,974,999]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674DF5FC3454EE1280" bold="true" box="[151,432,974,999]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Distribution: Palearctic</emphasis>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="49B1D3AD1A7247674C85FC3457121280" box="[487,588,974,999]" country="Oman" name="Shamal ash Sharqiyah" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674C85FC3457121280" bold="true" box="[487,588,974,999]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Oriental</emphasis>
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</collectingRegion>
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: widespread
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F4EC41A7247644DA5FC08573C10CA" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DA5FC0850481534" blockId="17.[151,1436,974,2007]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<materialsCitation id="3B1D17121A7247674DA5FC0850481534" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914123902" collectorName="The A" location="Oriental" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oriental">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674DA5FC08541F156C" bold="true" box="[199,321,1010,1035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7247674C2EFC0854C4156C" box="[332,410,1010,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7247674C2EFC0854C4156C" box="[332,410,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Necyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all other
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<collectingRegion id="49B1D3AD1A7247674E76FC08562E156C" box="[788,880,1010,1035]" country="Oman" name="Shamal ash Sharqiyah" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Oriental</collectingRegion>
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and Palearctic genera by the combination of a pronotum bearing setae (sometimes inconspicuously granulated).
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<collectorName id="268078991A7247674E1BFBEC569A1548" box="[889,964,1046,1071]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">The A</collectorName>
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<quantity id="4C8DB0AA1A7247674EA6FBED56B51548" box="[964,1003,1046,1071]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
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the hindwing is forked and fused with CuA for a significant distance distal to the fork, and a simple or unmodified pterostigma (See
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<tableCitation id="C6F728F41A72476749D1FBC0505B1534" box="[1203,1285,1082,1107]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="15.[151,239,1482,1505]" captionText="TABLE 1. Characters separating Austromantispa, Necyla and Xaviera. The filled circles represent the presence of the character state." pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Table 1</tableCitation>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DA5FBA457431461" blockId="17.[151,1436,974,2007]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Head: glabrous anteromedial dome directly posterior to interantennal space, flattening out posteriorly; interocular space at anterior margin of scape as wide or narrower than width of eyes; scape smooth, usually lacks setae, rarely with few setae; flagellum slender, significantly shorter than prothorax, lacks pale band in distal third; flagellomeres simple/unmodified, similar in length than width, squircular in shape, each antennule with multiple whorls of anteriorly directed setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DA5FAE850411764" blockId="17.[151,1436,974,2007]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Thorax: Anterior margin with anterodorsally directed cusp; pronotal mid-section cylindrical, pronotum in dorsal view lacks transverse ridges, surface granulated, sometimes faintly corrugated, sometimes inconspicuously so; setae always present both dorsally and laterally, surface often pubescent, maculae inconspicuous dorsolateral cusps, never pigmented and thus similar colour to surrounding areas, dorsolaterally directed; prothorax conspicuously longer than pterothorax, ventral outline of pronotum in lateral view straight. Pterothorax: lacks setae but pubescent, mesoscutal furrows conspicuous, meet at prominent central furrow, central furrow shaped as conical pit, pit slightly anteriorly directed; mesoscutellum triangular, terminates just posterior to central furrow.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DA5F9F5540817F4" blockId="17.[151,1436,974,2007]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Legs: Mesofemur usually with dark longitudinal band/line; Meso- and metatarsus with segment I more than double in length than segments II–IV combined; segment IV the shortest; segment V flat anterodorsally; meso- and metatarsal claws comprising three to five teeth, with a collective triangular shape (elongated middle teeth flanked by shorter teeth).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247674DA5F9645650160D" blockId="17.[151,1436,974,2007]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Wings: venation comparatively simple; cells hyaline; radial cells comparatively compressed into box-like shapes. Forewing costal space terminates just distal to commencement of Rs; pterostigma unmodified, commencing at r-rs1, sc-ra crossvein approximately half the length of RS3, one c-ra crossvein distal to pterostigma, A2 simple, A2 and A3 fused basally, CuP straight distal to cup-a1. Hindwing with A1 forked, A2 strongly attenuated, often interpreted as absent, complete fusion between CuA and A1 for significant length distal to A1 fork, cu-a thus absent and should be interpreted as cu+a.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7247644DA5F88C573C10CA" blockId="17.[151,1436,974,2007]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,1544]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Male abdomen: length short, not extending past wing apices. EEG between tergite V and VI well developed; ectoprocts elongated, surpass the posterior apex of sternite IX, slightly globose apex, directed posteriorly, ventromedial lobes prominent, directed ventrally to ventromedially in caudal view; sternite IX with rounded, unsclerotised medial projection in ventral view, directed posteriorly in lateral view; pseudopenis conspicuous, shorter or similar to the length of the pseudopenal membrane; pseudopenal membrane slightly sclerotised with rough ventral surface; hypomeres prominent; distal apex of gonocoxites strongly curved dorsally, sometimes with additional inward projection, distal apex reach the level of the hypomeres, never surpass the distal apex of the pseudopenal membrane; medial gonarcal protrusion sclerotised and thorn-like, acute apex, slightly shorter than pseudopenis, conspicuously curved dorsally in lateral view; distal apex of mediuncus usually deeply bifid in ventral view, proximal apex of mediuncus variable in shape, oval to rounded arrow-like in shape, apex surpass or is level with proximal apex of gonocoxites.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36F4EC41A7147644DA5FE4D55BE176F" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7147644DA5FE4D511813CF" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644DA5FE4D547410B7" bold="true" box="[199,298,439,464]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Biology:</emphasis>
|
||
The biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644C82FE4D577010B7" box="[480,558,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644C82FE4D577010B7" box="[480,558,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is still unknown. The wings are held in a roof-like manner over the abdomen. Sexual dimorphism is present in the seemingly closely related Afrotropical genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A714764495BFE2750C21093" box="[1081,1436,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A714764495BFE2751B91093" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[1081,1255,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cercomantispa</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644990FE2750C21093" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[1266,1436,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cercomantispa</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
also has the characteristics listed for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644F24FDFA517E137F" authority=", Necyla and Xaviera. All" authorityName="Necyla and Xaviera. All" box="[582,1056,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Austromantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644F24FDFA57A81370" box="[582,758,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Austromantispa</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644E65FE05560B137F" box="[775,853,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644EF0FDFB56B5137F" box="[914,1003,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Xaviera</emphasis>
|
||
. All
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A71476449F5FDFA501F1370" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[1175,1345,512,535]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A71476449F5FDFA501F1370" box="[1175,1345,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Cercomantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually have specific colour patterns on the inner surface of the profemur that are absent in the females. Some males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644DF5FDBD55BB1307" box="[151,229,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644DF5FDBD55BB1307" box="[151,229,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have similar patterns on both the inner- and outer surface of the profemur. It is therefore possible that a similar phenomenon is present in all of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644FA1FD96564E13E2" box="[707,784,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644FA1FD96564E13E2" box="[707,784,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644EEEFD97516813E3" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[908,1078,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644EEEFD97516813E3" box="[908,1078,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Cercomantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the females might have been described as separate species and be the cause of an increased number of synonyms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7147644DA5FD4E57F815A3" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644DA5FD4E544D13AB" bold="true" box="[199,275,692,716]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Notes:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644C7EFD4E543413AA" box="[284,362,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644C7EFD4E543413AA" box="[284,362,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has largely been ignored since the 1930’s. This might be due to the bad condition of the type specimens, as well as vague and inconclusive descriptions of species belonging to the genus.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A71476449D4FD2D500F1397" box="[1206,1361,727,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refId="ref33716" refString="Tjeder, B. (1963) A new Necyla from Uganda (Neur. Mantispidae). Opuscula Entomologica, 28, 121 - 126." type="journal article">Tjeder (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
raised concerns about the validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644F66FD0757F01273" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[516,686,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644F66FD0757F01273" box="[516,686,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Cercomantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644EC2FD0751141273" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[928,1098,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644EC2FD0751141273" box="[928,1098,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Cercomantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be a synonym of the previously described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644CEBFCE55488125F" box="[393,470,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644CEBFCE55488125F" box="[393,470,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The male genitalia and the anal veins in the hindwings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134E01CA1A7147644900FCE5519A125F" box="[1122,1220,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,244,1787,1809]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,483,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[340,1247,483,1766]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Austromantispa: a. Habitus; d. HW, basal veins; g. thorax, lateral view. Necyla: b. Habitus; f. HW, basal veins; N. luzonensis, position of sternal pores; m. thorax in lateral view; n. N. formosana, terminalia in ventral view. Xaviera manca: c. Habitus; e. HW, basal veins; j. prothorax in lateral view; k. terminalia in ventral view. Cercomantispa keiseri: h. HW basal veins, fusion between A1 and CuP" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445020/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Fig. 11h</figureCitation>
|
||
), however, support the separation (Snyman
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644CCEFCBF54BB123A" box="[428,485,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012). Tjeder’s paper went largely unnoticed and consequently left an opening for description of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644CA6FC9257B012E7" authority="Poivre, 1984 a" authorityName="Poivre" authorityYear="1984" box="[452,750,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Orientispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644CA6FC9257621218" box="[452,572,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Orientispa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7147644F2BFC9D57B012E7" box="[585,750,871,896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refId="ref33495" refString="Poivre, C. (1984) Les Mantispides de L'institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Insecta, Planipennia) 1 re Partie: Especes d'Europe, d'Asie et d'Afrique. Neuroptera International, 3, 23 - 32." type="journal article">Poivré, 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which includes delicate mantispine species found in the Palearctic and Oriental region. In support of the new genus,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7147644E2FFC7656A812C3" box="[845,1014,908,933]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refId="ref33495" refString="Poivre, C. (1984) Les Mantispides de L'institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Insecta, Planipennia) 1 re Partie: Especes d'Europe, d'Asie et d'Afrique. Neuroptera International, 3, 23 - 32." type="journal article">Poivré (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
compared the morphology to that of Afrotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644C4CFC4B54C612AF" box="[302,408,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644C4CFC4B54C612AF" box="[302,408,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Mantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(now
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644C8EFC4A57DD12AF" authorityName="Snyman & Ohl" authorityYear="2012" box="[492,643,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Afromantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644C8EFC4A57DD12AF" box="[492,643,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Afromantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644FC0FC4B565212AF" box="[674,780,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Mantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644FC0FC4B565212AF" box="[674,780,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Mantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644E2CFC4A56A612A0" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[846,1016,944,967]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644E2CFC4A56A612A0" box="[846,1016,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Cercomantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A714764492CFC4A507612AF" authority=", Necyla" authorityName="Necyla" box="[1102,1320,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Orientispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A714764492CFC4A519812A0" box="[1102,1222,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Orientispa</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A71476449B8FC55507612AF" box="[1242,1320,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also a predominantly Palearctic and Oriental genus, (unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644E67FC2E56C2128B" authorityName="Snyman & Ohl" authorityYear="2012" box="[773,924,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Afromantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644E67FC2E56C2128B" box="[773,924,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Afromantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644EB8FC2F51DA128B" authorityName="Handschin" authorityYear="1959" box="[986,1156,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Cercomantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644EB8FC2F51DA128B" box="[986,1156,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Cercomantispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) but never received the attention of subsequent authors. Following the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644E2CFC02513F1577" authority=", Yang (1999)" authorityName=", Yang" authorityYear="1999" box="[846,1121,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Orientispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644E2CFC0256981568" box="[846,966,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Orientispa</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7147644EB7FC02513F1577" box="[981,1121,1016,1040]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refId="ref34001" refString="Yang, C. K. (1999) Neuroptera: Mantispidae. In: Yang, C. K. (Ed.), Fauna of Insects. Fujian Province of China. Vol. 3. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, pp, 132 - 140, 163 - 164. [text in Chinese]" type="book chapter">Yang (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described nine new species and assigned them to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644CEBFBE7575F1553" authorityName=", Yang" authorityYear="1999" box="[393,513,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Orientispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644CEBFBE7575F1553" box="[393,513,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Orientispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that only had two species at that stage. It is quite plausible to suspect that some of the species described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7147644CCCFBBA5767153F" box="[430,569,1088,1112]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refId="ref34001" refString="Yang, C. K. (1999) Neuroptera: Mantispidae. In: Yang, C. K. (Ed.), Fauna of Insects. Fujian Province of China. Vol. 3. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, pp, 132 - 140, 163 - 164. [text in Chinese]" type="book chapter">Yang (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644E62FBC55610153F" box="[768,846,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644E62FBC55610153F" box="[768,846,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species already described. Since the types of Yang’s species were not available at the time of study, and his publication could not be translated, uncertainty about the validity of the species persists. The sketches in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE460BE1A7147644FDEFB72560215C7" box="[700,860,1160,1184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" refId="ref34001" refString="Yang, C. K. (1999) Neuroptera: Mantispidae. In: Yang, C. K. (Ed.), Fauna of Insects. Fujian Province of China. Vol. 3. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, pp, 132 - 140, 163 - 164. [text in Chinese]" type="book chapter">Yang’s (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
publication, however, were sufficient to assure us that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644DAAFB57541E15A3" authorityName=", Yang" authorityYear="1999" box="[200,320,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Orientispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644DAAFB57541E15A3" box="[200,320,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Orientispa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is indeed a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644F33FB5657C115A2" box="[593,671,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644F33FB5657C115A2" box="[593,671,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7147644DA5FB3555AB141F" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
Unfortunately,
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644C10FB35575F158F" box="[370,513,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644C10FB35549E158F" box="[370,448,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Necyla</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupa
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Navás, 1927 was not studied, and the description is not adequate. However, the type locality, Somalia, places doubt on whether this species is indeed part of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644E92FB0E5160146A" box="[1008,1086,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644E92FB0E5160146A" box="[1008,1086,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644929FB0E55841457" authority="(Erichson, 1839)" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1839" baseAuthorityName="Erichson" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Afromantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644929FB0E507F146B" box="[1099,1313,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Afromantispa nana</emphasis>
|
||
(Erichson, 1839)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a small species is common in the drier parts of Africa and the surrounding Arabian Peninsula and commonly mistaken for
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644C48FAC657011432" box="[298,607,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644C48FAC654251432" box="[298,379,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Necyla</taxonomicName>
|
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, e.g.
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644CD6FAC657011432" authorityName="Navás" authorityYear="1914" box="[436,607,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabica">Necyla arabica</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644FF7FAC656051432" authorityName="Navás" authorityYear="1922" box="[661,859,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bonhourei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644FF7FAC656051432" box="[661,859,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla bonhourei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which have already been identified as synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644DF5FA9A55B0141F" baseAuthorityName="Erichson" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[151,238,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Afromantispa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644DF5FA9A55B0141F" box="[151,238,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">A. nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCA1D4F1A7147644DA5FA7F55BE176F" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644DA5FA7F540214FA" authorityName="Snyman & Sole & Ohl" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Snyman & Sole & Ohl" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[199,348,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644DA5FA7F540214FA" box="[199,348,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">N. luzonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be an interesting species and it remains doubtful whether this species belongs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7566CC1A7147644825FA7E50CB14FA" box="[1351,1429,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Necyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901C15D1A7147644825FA7E50CB14FA" box="[1351,1429,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Necyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species has a single pore on each side of the anterolateral margin of sternite VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134E01CA1A71476449ECFA5D51B214A7" box="[1166,1260,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,244,1787,1809]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,483,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[340,1247,483,1766]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Austromantispa: a. Habitus; d. HW, basal veins; g. thorax, lateral view. Necyla: b. Habitus; f. HW, basal veins; N. luzonensis, position of sternal pores; m. thorax in lateral view; n. N. formosana, terminalia in ventral view. Xaviera manca: c. Habitus; e. HW, basal veins; j. prothorax in lateral view; k. terminalia in ventral view. Cercomantispa keiseri: h. HW basal veins, fusion between A1 and CuP" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1445020/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Fig. 11l</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is the only species, to my knowledge, with sternal pores. Subsequent investigation might lead to the description of a new genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |