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<mods:title id="2FE013934CCBB6267B3F16B57317CF1D">Sponges associated with octocorals in the Indo-Pacific, with the description of four new species</mods:title>
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1DF845FF41C7C0FE36C32D" ID-CoL="84NRS" authority="Ridley, 1884" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1884" box="[238,511,1511,1537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1DF845FF41C7C0FE96C32D" bold="true" box="[238,351,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gelliodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1DF845FECAC7C0FE36C32D" author="Ridley" box="[357,511,1511,1537]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Spongiida. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Alert', 1881 - 2. British Museum of Natural History: London, 366 - 482, 582 - 630." type="book chapter" year="1884">Ridley, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1DF845FF38C42DFDCEC308" authority="Thiele, 1903" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,519,1546,1572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hamata">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1DF845FF38C42DFDCEC308" bold="true" box="[151,519,1546,1572]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1DF845FF38C42DFEA0C308" bold="true" box="[151,361,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gelliodes hamata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1DF845FEDEC42DFDCEC308" author="Thiele" box="[369,519,1546,1572]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FF30C40AFF26C369" box="[159,239,1581,1605]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
AI)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A1DF845FF38C452FEFDC39D" blockId="50.[151,1436,1653,2037]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Examined material. Sample Bugor Onong:
<collectingCountry id="F3092FEA8A1DF845FD26C452FD30C3A1" box="[649,761,1653,1677]" name="Indonesia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, North Sulawesi, Siladen
<collectingCountry id="F3092FEA8A1DF845FB8BC452FBA2C3A1" box="[1060,1131,1653,1677]" name="Iceland" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Island</collectingCountry>
, Siladen Onong,
<quantity id="4CE6C29F8A1DF845FA9BC452FAB8C3A1" box="[1332,1393,1653,1677]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="28.0">28 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFA049BA8A1DF845FA2FC452FEF8C39D" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="2007-01-27">27 January 2007</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A1DF845FF68C49AFCD1C231" blockId="50.[151,1436,1653,2037]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Description. The sponge covers about
<quantity id="4CE6C29F8A1DF845FDD6C499FD79C3F9" box="[633,688,1726,1749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
of the colony of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1DF845FCDBC49AFBF0C3F9" box="[884,1081,1725,1749]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Paratelesto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1DF845FCDBC49AFBF0C3F9" box="[884,1081,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Paratelesto rosea</emphasis>
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, starting from the basal stolons (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FF30C4C6FF39C3D5" box="[159,240,1761,1785]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
A); the rest of the colony is covered by
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1DF845FD08C4C6FC3DC3D5" box="[679,1012,1761,1785]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="furcata" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Aegogropila">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1DF845FD08C4C6FC3DC3D5" box="[679,1012,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Mycale (Aegogropila) furcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2590E138A1DF845FC55C4C5FBFFC3D5" box="[1018,1078,1762,1785]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Surface microhispid. In ethanol the sponge is purple with whitish shadings (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FD2DC522FD1AC231" box="[642,723,1797,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
A, B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A1DF845FF68C50EFAECC2A5" blockId="50.[151,1436,1653,2037]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Skeleton. The ectosomal skeleton consists of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres containing single oxeas (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FF49C56AFEF1C249" box="[230,312,1869,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
C, D) and scattered sigmas. The choanosomal skeleton is similar to the ectosome but more irregular (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FF30C556FF27C2A5" box="[159,238,1905,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
E, F). Ascending fibres of the choanosome pierce the surface making it slightly shaggy (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FB1DC556FACBC2A5" box="[1202,1282,1905,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A1DF845FF68C5B2FA8BC280" blockId="50.[151,1436,1653,2037]" box="[199,1346,1940,1965]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Spicules. Oxeas in a single size class (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FDDCC5B2FD0CC281" box="[627,709,1941,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
G), 200 (265.3 ± 35.2) 305
<date id="FFA049BA8A1DF845FB8DC5B1FB8CC281" box="[1058,1093,1941,1965]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">x 2</date>
(7 ± 3.8) 12.5 μm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A1DF845FF68C59EFE4FC2D8" blockId="50.[151,1436,1653,2037]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Sigmas of two kinds: sigmas I flabellate (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FD32C59EFD26C2FD" box="[669,751,1977,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
H), 95 (112.5 ± 9.5) 125 μm; sigmas II (
<figureCitation id="132573FF8A1DF845FB4CC59EFAFFC2FD" box="[1251,1334,1977,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1930,1953]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[209,1378,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 33. Gelliodes hamata Thiele, 1903. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of Paratelesto rosea; B. Close up of the sponge; C D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248183/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Fig.
<date id="FFA049BA8A1DF845FAB7C59EFAFFC2FD" box="[1304,1334,1977,2001]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1933-01">33</date>
</figureCitation>
I), 17.5 (25.3 ± 4.3) 30 μm.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A1CF844FF38C5ADFC72C2C8" blockId="51.[151,1436,1930,2020]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1CF844FF38C5ADFEE8C28C" bold="true" box="[151,289,1930,1953]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1CF844FE86C5ADFDA2C28C" authority="Thiele, 1903" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[297,619,1930,1952]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hamata">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1CF844FE86C5ADFE43C28C" box="[297,394,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Gelliodes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1CF844FE3DC5ADFE17C28C" box="[402,478,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">hamata</emphasis>
Thiele, 1903
</taxonomicName>
. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1CF844FBB4C5ADFB07C28C" box="[1051,1230,1930,1952]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Paratelesto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1CF844FBB4C5ADFB07C28C" box="[1051,1230,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Paratelesto rosea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; B. Close up of the sponge; CD, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; EF, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA16F7A8A1BF843FF68C2B0FE22C4CB" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,488]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Distribution and remarks.
<collectingCountry id="F3092FEA8A1BF843FE52C2B0FDA7C583" box="[509,622,151,175]" name="Indonesia" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. This is the second record of the species in
<collectingCountry id="F3092FEA8A1BF843FB26C2B0FB3FC583" box="[1161,1270,151,175]" name="Indonesia" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
since its first description. Flabellate sigmas are also present in
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FD65C29CFAE8C5FE" authority="Vacelet, Vasseur &amp; Levi, 1976" authorityName="Vacelet, Vasseur &amp; Levi" authorityYear="1976" box="[714,1313,186,211]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FD65C29CFC73C5FF" box="[714,954,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gelliodes flagellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1BF843FC6CC29DFAE8C5FE" author="Vacelet" box="[963,1313,186,210]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Vacelet, J., Vasseur, P. &amp; Levi, C. (1976) Spongiaires de la pente externe des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie), 49,1 - 116." type="book" year="1976">Vacelet, Vasseur &amp; Lévi, 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter and
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FF66C2F9FEF2C5D9" box="[201,315,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G. h a m a t a</emphasis>
are very similar in terms of spicule complement and dimensions, and both can incorporate sand grains and foreign material. In
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FE5CC327FD44C434" box="[499,653,256,280]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FE5CC327FD44C434" box="[499,653,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G. flagellifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
oxeas are 250 300 x 7.5 10 μm, sigmas flabellate are 100 120 x 1.2 2 μm and regular sigmas are
<date id="FFA049BA8A1BF843FD81C305FD56C416" box="[558,671,290,314]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="1940-10-30">30 40 x</date>
1.2 2 μm (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1BF843FC96C305FBDCC416" author="Vacelet" box="[825,1045,290,314]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Vacelet, J., Vasseur, P. &amp; Levi, C. (1976) Spongiaires de la pente externe des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie), 49,1 - 116." type="book" year="1976">Vacelet et al. 1976</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1BF843FB84C305FADDC416" box="[1067,1300,290,314]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Vacelet, J., Vasseur, P. &amp; Levi, C. (1976) Spongiaires de la pente externe des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie), 49,1 - 116." type="book">Vacelet et al. (1976)</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FA2BC304FEDAC471" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FA2BC304FEDAC471" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G. flagellifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3092FEA8A1BF843FEF4C362FE2BC471" box="[347,482,325,349]" name="Madagascar" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(as
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FDBBC362FBDEC471" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[532,1047,325,349]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifer">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FDBBC362FD3EC471" box="[532,759,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gelliodes flagellifer</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1BF843FCA8C362FBC7C471" author="Ridley" box="[775,1038,325,349]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Ridley, S. O. &amp; Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger'. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (5) 18, 325 - 351, 470 - 493. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459982" type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, originally described by Ridley &amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FF38C340FF2BC453" box="[151,226,359,383]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="25" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dendy">Dendy</taxonomicName>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FEAAC34FFE02C4AC" box="[261,459,360,384]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Gellius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifer">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FEAAC34FFE02C4AC" box="[261,459,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gellius flagellifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). According to van
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1BF843FD06C340FCBDC453" box="[681,884,359,383]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Soest, R. W. M van, Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., Voogd, N. J. de, Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Vacelet, J., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K. R. &amp; Klautau, M. (2011) World Porifera database. Available online from http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera (accessed 2011)." type="book chapter">Soest et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
, to date Ridley &amp; Dendys species is considerd as
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FF38C3ACFE3DC48F" box="[151,500,395,419]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera" subGenus="Gellius">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FF38C3ACFE3DC48F" box="[151,500,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1BF843FD4DC3ADFC0AC48E" box="[738,963,394,418]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Vacelet, J., Vasseur, P. &amp; Levi, C. (1976) Spongiaires de la pente externe des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie), 49,1 - 116." type="book">Vacelet et al. (1976)</bibRefCitation>
is elevated to specific status (as
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FA9EC3ACFEDAC4E9" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FA9EC3ACFEDAC4E9" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gelliodes flagellifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). As consequence of the previous considerations
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FCFCC389FB1AC4E9" authority="Vacelet et al. 1976" authorityName="Vacelet et al." authorityYear="1976" box="[851,1235,429,453]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flagellifera">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FCFCC389FC39C4E9" box="[851,1008,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G. flagellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F128B8A1BF843FC54C38AFB1AC4E9" author="Vacelet" box="[1019,1235,429,453]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Vacelet, J., Vasseur, P. &amp; Levi, C. (1976) Spongiaires de la pente externe des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar). Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie), 49,1 - 116." type="book" year="1976">Vacelet et al. 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is likely a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E14F98A1BF843FE8CC3F7FE22C4CB" authority="Thiele." authorityName="Thiele." box="[291,491,463,488]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hamata">
<emphasis id="B96AB3688A1BF843FE8CC3F7FE5CC4C4" box="[291,405,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G. hamata</emphasis>
Thiele.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>