229 lines
25 KiB
XML
229 lines
25 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E524C7B3FFD49EA372080F45C558D89C">Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5BDC59A2C67B6E4AD3AB395C2BC98018">Amaral, André P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0331F85DB73100C0FACDEF308165E41B">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Depto. de Ciências Biológicas, CEP 45650 - 000, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CC6FE62C8D8AF5A1C91DFDD533442656">Mariano, Rodolfo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="696A393D184D5B9DFD81B57E2FF9EA8E">Pinho, Luiz Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6E89AF869229F77A413A9AF30CF4DF7A">Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Depto. de Ecologia e Zoologia, CEP 88040 - 901, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D2A50254E04E317F1B735236D5C8F196" type="email">luiz.pinho@ufsc.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="0396879BFF8C3676FDD3A179FAD7EFC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8039856" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209689932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8039856" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0396879BFF8C3676FDD3A179FAD7EFC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0396879BFF8C3676FDD3A179FAD7EFC5" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFF8C3675FDD3A179FB8DEF38" ID-CoL="8BL5K" authority="Borkent, 2008" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[519,1069,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta" subGenus="Corethrella">
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FDD3A179FD32EF38" bold="true" box="[519,658,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Corethrella</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FD76A179FC8DEF38" bold="true" box="[674,813,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Corethrella</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FCEAA178FCDEEF38" bold="true" box="[830,894,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">curta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFF8C3675FC51A178FB8DEF38" author="Borkent A." box="[901,1069,265,291]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3256506FF8C3675FD70A15DFC2FEF5D" box="[676,911,300,326]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FD70A15DFC2FEF5D" blockId="77.[519,1069,264,326]" box="[676,911,300,326]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<figureCitation id="13042A08FF8C3675FD70A15DFD5AEF5D" box="[676,762,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="77.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[193,1396,1442,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-373@77.[189,1399,1441,1902]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Fig. 37. Corethrella curta Borkent, 2008, female adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg claw and empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037864/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13042A08FF8C3675FCD1A15DFC2FEF5D" box="[773,911,300,326]" captionStart="Appendix 1" captionStartId="104.[184,306,551,580]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="Appendix 1 (continued). List of species of Corethrellidae recorded from Brazil. 1 stage only briefly described; 2 stage with description uncertain. Asterisks denote new records reported in this paper. L = larva(e); P = pupa(e). C. = Corethrella throughout." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Appendix 1</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A117FE0AEF9B" blockId="77.[189,426,358,384]" box="[189,426,358,384]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D0C881E1FF8C3675FF69A117FE0AEF9B" bold="true" box="[189,426,358,384]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FF69A117FE0AEF9B" bold="true" box="[189,426,358,384]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A1E4FA87EFC9" blockId="77.[189,1399,404,466]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<materialsCitation id="3B573CD0FF8C3675FF69A1E4FA84EFC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4130497378" collectingDate="2016-10-31" collectingMethod="light pan" collectionCode="CE-MHS" collectorName="V. A. Silva" country="Brazil" elevation="970" latitude="-14.494445" location="PESC" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-39.139725" municipality="Urucuca" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Bahia State">
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<collectingCountry id="F328761DFF8C3675FF69A1E4FE86EFB4" box="[189,294,405,431]" name="Brazil" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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–
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FE87A1E5FE4CEFB5" bold="true" box="[339,492,404,430]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<collectingRegion id="49FBF86FFF8C3675FE87A1E5FE4CEFB5" box="[339,492,404,430]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Bahia State</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount id="9D39FD04FF8C3675FDC1A1E4FDE9EFB4" box="[533,585,405,431]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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, adult;
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,
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, “
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<locationDeviation id="9A322FAFFF8C3675FC47A1E5FBFCEFB5" box="[915,1116,404,430]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fundos da sede</locationDeviation>
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” [behind park lodge];
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B504AFF8C3675FE8CA1C7FE52EFC9" box="[344,498,438,466]" degrees="39" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-39.139725">39°08ʹ23ʺ W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<elevation id="0012D1BEFF8C3675FE2AA1C9FD28EFC9" box="[510,648,440,466]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="970.0">
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a.s.l.
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;
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<date id="FF81104DFF8C3675FD41A1C9FC91EFC9" box="[661,817,440,466]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" value="2016-10-31">
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<collectingDate id="EFC5E9A5FF8C3675FD41A1C9FC91EFC9" box="[661,817,440,466]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" value="2016-10-31">31 Oct. 2016</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName id="26CA535BFF8C3675FCE9A1C9FC15EFC9" box="[829,949,440,466]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">V.A. Silva</collectorName>
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FC69A1C8FC58EFC9" box="[957,1016,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
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leg.;
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<collectingMethod id="527E4E9AFF8C3675FBEEA1C9FB05EFC9" box="[1082,1189,440,466]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">light pan</collectingMethod>
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;
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE48FF8C3675FB65A1C9FA84EFC9" box="[1201,1316,440,466]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">CE-MHS</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3256506FF8C3675FF69A180FEC7EA95" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A180FEEEEC10" blockId="77.[189,334,497,523]" box="[189,334,497,523]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D0C881E1FF8C3675FF69A180FEEEEC10" bold="true" box="[189,334,497,523]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FF69A180FEEEEC10" bold="true" box="[189,334,497,523]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF3EA251FE46EC21" blockId="77.[188,1399,544,712]" box="[234,486,544,571]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FF3EA251FE2EEC21" bold="true" box="[234,398,544,570]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Female adult</emphasis>
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(n = 1)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A235FD9AECD3" blockId="77.[188,1399,544,712]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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HEAD.
|
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<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FEC4A232FED0EC46" bold="true" box="[272,368,579,605]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Sensilla</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13042A08FF8C3675FE56A232FE53EC45" box="[386,499,579,606]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="77.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[193,1396,1442,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-373@77.[189,1399,1441,1902]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Fig. 37. Corethrella curta Borkent, 2008, female adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg claw and empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037864/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 37A</figureCitation>
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||
): Ocular row with 1 thick offset seta at ventral part and 15 setae extending posteriorly. Subocular row not well-defined; vertex and interocular space with many slender setae. Postgenal row with 5 intermediate and 18 slender setae ranging from mid-posteriorly to ventromedially. With 2 thick ventromedial setae.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A296FAD7EDE3" blockId="77.[187,1399,743,1016]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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THORAX.
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||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FEE0A296FE34ED1A" bold="true" box="[308,404,743,769]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Sensilla</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A08FF8C3675FE7FA296FDBFED1A" box="[427,543,743,769]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="77.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[193,1396,1442,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-373@77.[189,1399,1441,1902]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Fig. 37. Corethrella curta Borkent, 2008, female adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg claw and empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037864/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 37B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Antepronotum with 5 thick and 6 intermediate ventrolateral setae. Postpronotum with 1 thick dorsal seta, 2 intermediate and 2 slender ones more posteriorly. Scutum, prescutal area with 3 thick setae vertically arranged near prescutal suture; group of about 7 thick/ intermediate setae anteriorly, reaching anterior portion of dorsocentral row.Antealar area with 2 thick and 2 intermediate setae dorsoventrally aligned on mid-ventral portion; 4 thick and 2 slender setae grouped posteroventrally. Supraalar area with 3 thick setae, with 4 slender setae surrounding. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with group of 8 thick offset setae; about 24 thick/intermediate and 8 slender completing the row. Scutellum with 10 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum bare. Anepimeron with 10 slender setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A466FDE1EA2A" blockId="77.[189,577,1047,1080]" box="[189,577,1047,1080]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
WING. R
|
||
<subScript id="17BB34C8FF8C3675FEF1A45BFE8EEA23" attach="left" box="[293,302,1066,1080]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">3</subScript>
|
||
/R
|
||
<subScript id="17BB34C8FF8C3675FE9DA45BFEF2EA23" attach="left" box="[329,338,1066,1080]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">1</subScript>
|
||
: 0.45; R
|
||
<subScript id="17BB34C8FF8C3675FE63A45BFE72EA23" attach="left" box="[439,466,1066,1080]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">2+3</subScript>
|
||
/R
|
||
<subScript id="17BB34C8FF8C3675FE3AA45BFE57EA23" attach="left" box="[494,503,1066,1080]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">2</subScript>
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||
: 0.73.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A420FEC7EA95" blockId="77.[189,1399,1105,1166]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
LEGS. Empodium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A08FF8C3675FE76A420FDB0EA70" box="[418,528,1105,1131]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="77.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[193,1396,1442,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-373@77.[189,1399,1441,1902]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Fig. 37. Corethrella curta Borkent, 2008, female adult. A. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and clypeus in anterior view. B. Thoracic setae, lateral view. C. Hind leg claw and empodium, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037864/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 37C</figureCitation>
|
||
) of intermediate length and thickness, with 5 branches. Ta1/Ta2: 2.67; Ta3/Ta4: 1.08.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3256506FF8C3675FF69A4DFFED7EB6C" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A4DFFE4FEAD3" blockId="77.[189,495,1198,1224]" box="[189,495,1198,1224]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<heading id="D0C881E1FF8C3675FF69A4DFFE4FEAD3" bold="true" box="[189,495,1198,1224]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FF69A4DFFE4FEAD3" bold="true" box="[189,495,1198,1224]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Distribution and biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A4ACFA92EB01" blockId="77.[189,1398,1245,1306]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFF8C3675FF69A4ACFE29EAED" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[189,393,1245,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FF69A4ACFE29EAED" box="[189,393,1245,1271]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Corethrella curta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is newly recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328761DFF8C3675FD7EA4ACFD55EAEC" box="[682,757,1245,1271]" name="Brazil" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The single female was collected with a light trap near a small stream, in the Atlantic forest of Serra do Conduru State Park, at an altitude of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B68FF8C3675FB7EA571FB54EB01" box="[1194,1268,1280,1306]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="210.0">210 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A54BFED7EB6C" blockId="77.[188,1398,1337,1399]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
This species was previously known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328761DFF8C3675FD03A54BFCF9EB4F" box="[727,857,1338,1364]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at altitudes ranging from 500 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B68FF8C3675FB3DA548FAE1EB4F" box="[1257,1345,1337,1364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="1850.0">1850 m</quantity>
|
||
a.sl. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFF8C3675FF10A52CFECBEB6C" author="Borkent A." box="[196,363,1373,1399]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF406605FF8C3675FF69A7F7FF5DE9FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037864" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8037864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8037864/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" startId="77.[189,232,1926,1952]" targetBox="[193,1396,1442,1901]" targetPageId="77">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8C3675FF69A7F7FF5DE9FC" blockId="77.[189,1399,1926,2023]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FF69A7F7FEBAE9BB" bold="true" box="[189,282,1926,1952]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 37.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D0EFF8C3675FEF7A7F7FD05E9BB" authority="Borkent, 2008" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2008" box="[291,677,1926,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FEF7A7F7FE50E9BB" box="[291,496,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Corethrella curta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFF8C3675FE2CA7F7FD05E9BB" author="Borkent A." box="[504,677,1926,1952]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female adult.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FC82A7F7FCCAE9BB" bold="true" box="[854,874,1926,1952]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Cranial setae, anterior and posterior views, and clypeus in anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FDCBA7DBFD91E9DF" bold="true" box="[543,561,1962,1988]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Thoracic setae, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8C3675FC4CA7D8FC0CE9D8" bold="true" box="[920,940,1961,1987]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Hind leg claw and empodium, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3256506FF8F3676FF69A178FAD7EFC5" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8F3676FF69A178FE8FEF38" blockId="78.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<heading id="D0C881E1FF8F3676FF69A178FE8FEF38" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEA9FFF8F3676FF69A178FE8FEF38" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80368DFF8F3676FF69A146FAD7EFC5" blockId="78.[189,1401,311,478]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
The identification of this specimen is somewhat tentative, since the female individual presents some differences compared to the original description. These are: the number of posterior setae in the dorsocentral row (3 setae, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B7CFF8F3676FD4FA10CFCE2EF83" author="Borkent A." box="[667,834,381,408]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 456" refId="ref62471" refString="Borkent A. 2008. The frog-biting midges of the world (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa 1804 (1): 1 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1804.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Borkent 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); the presence of a sensillum coeloconicum on flagellomere VIII; discrete pigmentation on the hind tibiae. These variations, although significant, are not enough to sustain a hypothesis of a new species and are therefore considered intraspecific variations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |