575 lines
59 KiB
XML
575 lines
59 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4C3A7987139BD0882E31046CAB524E13">Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="88D140887EF3295004DEEAAA3FE643B3">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DF45EF66B227FE6E8315EF8BB277760A">Fleck, David W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9235A41F9B2FEB0CF7E1F30659E34367">Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="34A059183F04628DB1146A38541B0C75">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4D69859D22ED39BE9D1E9104E5789518">
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<mods:date id="DC6AC27C3F63DC4B023EC3BE48B5B114">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8839B8EF2168D5FDA122ED35CA5250DC">432</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC3B1419E97FC38FDB1FC55" blockId="14.[194,552,903,928]" box="[194,552,903,928]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="D0D53B78FFC3B1419E97FC38FDB1FC55" box="[194,552,903,928]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419E97FC38FDB1FC55" ID-CoL="7RTG7" authority="(Olfers, 1818)" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[194,552,903,928]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419E97FC38FE13FC6A" box="[194,394,903,927]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Caluromys lanatus</emphasis>
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(Olfers, 1818)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFC3B1419ED9FC06FDF8FBE6" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC3B1419ED9FC06FDF8FBE6" blockId="14.[108,638,953,1738]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
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VOUCHER MATERIAL (TOTAL = 6): Jenaro
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<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFC3B1419C1FFC05FF0EFC07" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Herrera</collectingRegion>
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(AMNH 276706), Nuevo
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<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFC3B1419FE2FC65FD8EFC07" box="[439,535,986,1010]" country="Argentina" name="San Juan" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">San Juan</collectingRegion>
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(AMNH 273038, 273059; MUSM 11024, 15290, 15291).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFC3B1419ED9FBA3FF29FB82" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC3B1419ED9FBA3FF29FB82" blockId="14.[108,638,953,1738]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
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OTHER INTERFLUVIAL RECORDS: Jenaro Herrera (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFC3B1419EF1FB82FE3BFBA0" author="Fleck, D. W. & J. D. Harder" box="[164,418,1085,1109]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" pagination="809 - 818" refId="ref46015" refString="Fleck, D. W., and J. D. Harder. 1995. Ecology of marsupials in two Amazonian rain forests in northeastern Peru. Journal of Mammalogy 76: 809 - 818." type="journal article" year="1995">Fleck and Harder, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC3B1419FE1FB82FDB8FBA0" box="[436,545,1085,1109]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFC3B1419C7BFB82FF3CFB82" author="Valqui, M." pageId="14" pageNumber="14" pagination="343 - 349" refId="ref49840" refString="Valqui, M. 1999. Inventario de mamiferos de San Pedro del Rio Blanco, Loreto, Peru. Colaboracion entre la poblacion local y profesionales. In Manejo y conservacion de fauna silvestre en America Latina: 343 - 349. Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Museo Noel Kempff Mercado." type="book chapter" year="1999">Valqui, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFC3B15F9ED9FB3FFB1EFAA9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC3B1419ED9FB3FFD89F93F" blockId="14.[108,638,953,1738]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
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IDENTIFICATION:
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419F1CFBC0FD89FB62" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[329,528,1151,1175]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419F1CFBC0FD89FB62" box="[329,528,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Caluromys lanatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has never been revised, and several subspecies are currently recognized as valid (Gardner, 2008). To assess the taxonomic significance of the current trinomial classification, we analyzed sequence data from the mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419EA6FAF9FE99FAAB" box="[243,256,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">b</emphasis>
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, and we examined specimens from throughout western Amazonia, where no fewer than three subspecies—
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419F24FA37FD9BFA55" box="[369,514,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. l. nattereri</emphasis>
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(Matschie, 1917),
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419EEEFA16FECDFA34" box="[187,340,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. l. ochropus</emphasis>
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(Wagner, 1842), and
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419C18FA16FF58FA17" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. l. ornatus</emphasis>
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(Tschudi, 1845)—are said to occur. Unfortunately, representative sequence data are currently unavailable from the nominotypical subspecies (in
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC3B1419F5CF992FEE9F9B0" box="[265,368,1581,1605]" name="Paraguay" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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),
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419FD4F991FE7FF9B0" box="[385,486,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. l. cicur</emphasis>
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(Bangs, 1898; in transAndean
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC3B1419F72F9F1FE01F993" box="[295,408,1614,1638]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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), and
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419FB6F9F0FDE5F993" box="[483,636,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. l. vitalinus</emphasis>
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(Miranda-Ribeiro, 1936; in southeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC3B1419C78F9D0FDE8F972" box="[557,625,1647,1671]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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), so the materials at hand are insufficient for a comprehensive revision of the species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC3B1419C98FF5DFCDEFD6B" blockId="14.[683,1214,226,1737]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
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The results of our molecular analysis (figs. 7, 8; table 1; appendix 3) provide robust support for the reciprocal monophyly of all three currently recognized species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419DF4FEFAFB8BFEA8" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1900" box="[929,1042,325,349]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419DF4FEFAFB8BFEA8" box="[929,1042,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Caluromys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but only weak support for monophyly of the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419A21FED9FD63FE6A" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mallodelphys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419A21FED9FD63FE6A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Mallodelphys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419D73FE38FC28FE6A" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[806,945,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derbianus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419D73FE38FC28FE6A" box="[806,945,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. derbianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419D86FE38FBDAFE6A" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[979,1091,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419D86FE38FBDAFE6A" box="[979,1091,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. lanatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Remarkably, we recovered only shallow phylogeographic structure in
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419D6CFE76FC5CFE14" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[825,965,457,481]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derbianus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419D6CFE76FC5CFE14" box="[825,965,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. derbianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and none at all in
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419AF1FE76FD60FDF7" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419AF1FE76FD60FDF7" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. lanatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both of which exhibit negligible sequence variation among samples collected at widely scattered localities. By contrast, our samples of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419AF1FD92FC8BFD90" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philander">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419AF1FD92FC8BFD90" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. philander</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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reveal noteworthy genetic heterogeneity in that species, which clearly merits revisionary attention.
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<superScript id="7C57215CFFC3B1419D6BFD32FCDEFD6B" attach="left" box="[830,839,653,670]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">2</superScript>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC3B1419C99FD0FFBBEF93C" blockId="14.[683,1214,226,1737]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
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The absence of phylogeographic structure among genetic samples of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419DBDFD6DFB25FD1F" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1000,1212,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419DBDFD6DFB25FD1F" box="[1000,1212,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Caluromys lanatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from widely scattered populations in western Amazonia and central
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC3B1419DE7FCABFC6AFCD9" box="[946,1011,788,812]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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suggests that the subspecies currently recognized from these regions are based on nothing more than coatcolor variants. In fact, western Amazonian specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419D05FC27FC5EFC45" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[848,967,920,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419D05FC27FC5EFC45" box="[848,967,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. lanatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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exhibit considerable variation in pelage coloration. Whereas some individuals are almost uniformly reddish brown dorsally (e.g., MVZ 157611), others have distinctly grayish fore- and hind limbs (e.g., MVZ 190249, USNM 546177), and others are almost uniformly brownish (e.g., MUSM 15291). The base of the tail is reddish in some specimens, but grayish in others. A patch of grayish hair between the shoulders (said to be diagnostic of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419CF8FB5CFCA3FB0E" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[685,826,1251,1275]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derbianus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419CF8FB5CFCA3FB0E" box="[685,826,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">C. derbianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFC3B1419D1FFB5CFB2DFB0E" author="Caceres, N. C. & A. P. Carmignotto" box="[842,1204,1251,1275]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref45095" refString="Caceres, N. C., and A. P. Carmignotto. 2006. Caluromys lanatus. Mammalian Species 803: 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="2006">Cáceres and Carmignotto, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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) is present in several specimens among those we examined (e.g., MVZ 157608, 190249, 190250). Most specimens have uniformly gray-based fur on the throat, chest, and upper abdomen as well as on the ventral surfaces of the forelimbs, but others have irregular patches of self-cream fur on the throat and in the forelimb axillae; the lower abdomen and groin are seemingly always
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<superScript id="7C57215CFFC3B1419CF9F99AFD2AF9C4" attach="left" box="[684,691,1573,1585]" fontSize="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">2</superScript>
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Our geographic samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC3B1419DCDF999FBDBF9CC" box="[920,1090,1574,1593]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philander">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419DCDF999FBDBF9CC" box="[920,1090,1574,1593]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Caluromys philander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are far too few to support taxonomic conclusions, but it should be pointed out that the haplogroups we recovered are impossible to reconcile with the current trinomial nomenclature for this species, nor do they correspond to the taxa recognized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFC3B1419A48F939FD7CF944" author="Lopez-Fuster, M. J. & R. Perez-Hernandez & J. Ventura" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" pagination="97 - 114" refId="ref47640" refString="Lopez-Fuster, M. J., R. Perez-Hernandez, and J. Ventura. 2008. Morphometrics of genus Caluromys (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) in northern South America. Orsis 23: 97 - 114." type="journal article" year="2008">López-Fuster et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who suggested, inter alia, that the Trinidadian form (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC3B1419CE6F909FD60F93D" box="[691,761,1718,1736]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">trinitatis</emphasis>
|
||
Thomas, 1894) is a distinct species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC2B1409FAAFF54FD65FB00" blockId="15.[220,1096,234,1271]" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Bocas del Toro (4) − USNM 578119: Heredia (1) − KU 164643
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC2B1409DD2FEA2FBA9FECC" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[903,1072,285,313]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derbianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409DD2FEA2FBA9FECC" box="[903,1072,285,313]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">C. derbianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bocas del Toro (3) − USNM 464247 Cotopaxi (2) − QCAZ 8663 Loreto (13) − TTU 101044 Acre (6) − MVZ 190250 Loreto (14) − AMNH 273059
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409D55FE70FC95FE1E" bold="true" box="[768,780,463,491]" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">*</emphasis>
|
||
Loreto (14) − AMNH 273038
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409D54FE49FC94FDE7" bold="true" box="[769,781,502,530]" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">*</emphasis>
|
||
Cusco (12) − LHE1463 Amazonas (11) − MVZ 153276 Amazonas (10) − LHE1103
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC2B1409DD2FDCFFB94FD79" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[903,1037,624,652]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409DD2FDCFFB94FD79" box="[903,1037,624,652]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">C. lanatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mato Grosso (8) − MVZ 197383 r: Orellana, (9) − ROM 104570:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFC2B1409C59FD59FDD1FD0F" box="[524,584,742,762]" country="Bolivia" name="Pando" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Pando</collectingRegion>
|
||
(5) − MSB 56998 Madre de Dios (15) − KU 144058 Amazonas (7) − MVZ 190248 Loreto (13) − TTU 99025
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC2B1409FBAFC3DFDA8FC63" box="[495,561,898,918]" name="Bolivia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFC2B1409C6FFC3EFD3FFC63" box="[570,678,897,918]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
(17) − LHE1696
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC2B1409FBAFC16FDA8FC48" box="[495,561,937,957]" name="Bolivia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFC2B1409C6FFC17FD3FFC48" box="[570,678,936,957]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
(16) − LHE1695 (24) − AMNH 174003 Tocantins (21) − MVZ 197385 Mato Grosso (18) − MVZ 197384
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC2B1409DF2FB9EFD5AFBAC" authority="Demerara-Mahaica" authorityName="Demerara-Mahaica" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philander">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409DF2FB9EFBD1FBCB" box="[935,1096,1057,1086]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">C. philander</emphasis>
|
||
Demerara−Mahaica
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(23) − ROM 112676
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC2B1409FACFBD4FDA7FB8A" box="[505,574,1131,1151]" name="Guyana" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(22) − T2020
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFC2B1409FAFFB2DFDA6FB53" box="[506,575,1170,1190]" name="Guyana" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(22) − MMNH 1998.31 Minas Gerais (19) − MVZ 197586 São Paulo (20) − MAM142
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5DDC9CFFC2B1409E3CFAFFFEF3FA3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414904" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5414904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414904/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" startId="15.[105,147,1344,1365]" targetBox="[221,515,235,1269]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC2B1409E3CFAFFFEF3FA3E" blockId="15.[105,1209,1341,1483]" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
|
||
FIG. 7. Results of maximum-likelihood analysis (lnL = -5514.25) of cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409DFBFA81FC23FAA3" box="[942,954,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC2B1409A1BFA81FB20FAA3" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1900" box="[1102,1209,1342,1366]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409A1BFA81FB20FAA3" box="[1102,1209,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Caluromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(outgroups used for rooting are not shown). Branch tips are sequenced specimens labeled by geographic origin and a sequence identifier (see appendix 3); numbers in parentheses refer to localities mapped in figure 8. Branch support values above selected branches are bootstrap frequencies. Asterisks mark specimens from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFC2B1409E3CFA5BFC48F937" blockId="15.[105,636,1508,1730]" lastBlockId="15.[684,1212,1508,1730]" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
|
||
self-cream, but parous females have orangestained fur surrounding the pouch. Although some of this pelage variation might be geographic, there are substantial differences in coloration among sympatrically collected skins, and intermediates exist among most coat-color phenotypes. Cranial size and shape differences among the specimens we examined do not suggest anything more than individual and ontogenetic variation. In effect, we concur with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFC2B1409CF9F9F7FC4EF9AA" author="Fonseca, R. & D. Astua" box="[684,983,1607,1631]" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" pagination="109 - 122" refId="ref46179" refString="Fonseca, R., and D. Astua. 2015. Geographic variation in Caluromys derbianus and C. lanatus (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae). Zoologia 32 (2): 109 - 122." type="journal article" year="2015">Fonseca and Astúa’s (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggestion that only a single phenotypically distinguishable taxon, which they called
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFC2B1409D21F935FBD0F954" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[884,1097,1673,1697]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lanatus" subSpecies="ochropus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFC2B1409D21F935FBD0F954" box="[884,1097,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">C. lanatus ochropus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, occurs in the Amazon and Cerrado.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5DDC9CFFDDB15F9E3EFBB8FF7BFBCF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414906" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5414906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414906/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" startId="16.[107,149,1031,1052]" targetBox="[108,1212,224,1005]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDDB15F9E3EFBB8FF7BFBCF" blockId="16.[107,1211,1029,1082]" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">
|
||
FIG. 8. Collecting localities of sequenced specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDDB15F9CC8FBBAFC9EFBE8" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1900" box="[669,775,1029,1053]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDDB15F9CC8FBBAFC9EFBE8" box="[669,775,1029,1053]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">Caluromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Numbers are keyed to gazetteer entries in appendix 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDDB15F9ED9FBE3FB1EFAA9" blockId="16.[108,637,1116,1735]" lastBlockId="16.[684,1213,1116,1735]" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549932B6FFDDB15F9EE8FBE3FE82FB81" box="[189,283,1116,1140]" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDDB15F9F15FBE3FD9FFB81" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[320,518,1116,1140]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDDB15F9F15FBE3FD9FFB81" box="[320,518,1116,1140]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">Caluromys lanatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a juvenile specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFDDB15F9F47FBC1FEEDFB63" box="[274,372,1150,1174]" name="Paraguay" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
collected in the late 18th century, was originally preserved in alcohol; its pelage is discolored, and few useful measurements can be obtained from the incompletely erupted dentition (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFDDB15F9E8AFABDFE3CFAEF" author="Voss, R. S. & P. Myers & F. Catzeflis & A. P. Carmignotto & J. Barreiro" box="[223,421,1282,1306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" pagination="406 - 433" refId="ref50321" refString="Voss, R. S., P. Myers, F. Catzeflis, A. P. Carmignotto, and J. Barreiro. 2009 a. The six opossums of Felix de Azara: identification, taxonomic history, neotype designations, and nomenclatural recommendations. In R. S. Voss and M. D. Carleton (editors), Systematic mammalogy: contributions in honor of Guy G. Musser. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 331: 406 - 433." type="journal article" year="2009">Voss et al., 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, recently collected Paraguayan adults (AMNH 66780, UMMZ 134007) have very pale, almost entirely grayish fur that lacks the rich reddish-brown pigments seen in most western Amazonian specimens; additionally, the naked caudal skin (distal to the furry basal portion) is completely unpigmented, whereas most western Amazonian specimens have dark-spotted tails. Metrical comparisons (table 2) indicate that these Paraguayan specimens are smaller than western Amazonian material in several dimensions (e.g., condylobasal length), but both of them are young adults, and measurements of age-invariant struc- tures (e.g., LM, WM3) are within the observed range of western Amazonian variation. With just two Paraguayan examples at hand, and in the absence of any relevant molecular data, it is hard to assess the taxonomic significance of such comparisons, or to properly evaluate
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFDDB15F9A7AFABDFCD1FACE" author="Fonseca, R. & D. Astua" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" pagination="109 - 122" refId="ref46179" refString="Fonseca, R., and D. Astua. 2015. Geographic variation in Caluromys derbianus and C. lanatus (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae). Zoologia 32 (2): 109 - 122." type="journal article" year="2015">Fonseca and Astúa’s (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggestion that
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDDB15F9A53FA9CFB39FACE" box="[1030,1184,1315,1339]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">C. l. ochropus</emphasis>
|
||
is really distinct from the nominotypical form.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFDDB15F9C99FADAFBB4F9D7" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDDB15F9C99FADAFBB4F9D7" blockId="16.[684,1213,1116,1735]" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">ETHNOBIOLOGY: The Matses name for the woolly opossum is abuk cheka, which literally means “up opossum,” in reference to its arboreal habits. The Matses do not eat or use the woolly opossum for any purpose, nor do they seem to have any particular beliefs about it.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFDDB15E9C98F994FE02FB6D" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDDB15F9C98F994FB2AF970" blockId="16.[684,1213,1116,1735]" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">MATSES NATURAL HISTORY: The woolly opossum is reddish. It has a stripe going down its rostrum. Its tail is partly bare. Its ears are large.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDDB15E9C99F931FE54FE88" blockId="16.[684,1213,1116,1735]" lastBlockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="16">
|
||
The woolly opossum is arboreal, but it sometimes descends to the ground to forage. It descends by climbing down a vine. It is found in all rainforest habitat
|
||
<typeStatus id="549932B6FFDCB15E9F0FFEBCFE0FFEEE" box="[346,406,259,283]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. It makes its nest in tree cavities that it lines with leaves. It also makes nests in the branches of dicot trees, or in leaf litter that collects in palm crowns.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFDCB15E9DDDFF5EFB18FEDD" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[695,1171,334,463]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9DDDFF5EFB2EFEE1" blockId="17.[689,1207,225,306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
TABLE 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CE4FF40FB2EFEE1" bold="true" box="[689,1207,254,276]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Percent Uncorrected Pairwise Sequence Divergence</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9CB3FEA3FB18FEDD" blockId="17.[689,1207,225,306]" box="[742,1153,282,306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CB3FEA3FBE3FEC4" bold="true" box="[742,1146,283,306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
within and among Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9A45FEA4FBE3FEC4" authorityName="J. A. Allen" authorityYear="1900" box="[1040,1146,283,305]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A45FEA4FBE3FEC4" bold="true" box="[1040,1146,283,305]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Caluromys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFDCB15E9A2FFEA5FB18FEDD" attach="left" box="[1146,1153,282,296]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">a</superScript>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9D6EFEF1FBC7FE3A" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<table id="F9227EB4FFDC4EB09CE2FEF1FB0AFE3A" box="[695,1171,334,463]" gridcols="4" gridrows="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFDC4EB09CE2FEF1FB0AFE94" box="[695,1171,334,353]" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09D6EFEF1FC17FE94" box="[827,910,334,353]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9D6EFEF1FC17FE94" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[827,910,334,353]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derbianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D6EFEF1FC17FE94" box="[827,910,334,353]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">derbianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09DEAFEF1FC64FE94" box="[959,1021,334,353]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9DEAFEF1FC64FE94" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[959,1021,334,353]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9DEAFEF1FC64FE94" box="[959,1021,334,353]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">lanatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09A16FEF1FB0AFE94" box="[1091,1171,334,353]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9A16FEF1FB0AFE94" box="[1091,1171,334,353]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philander">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A16FEF1FB0AFE94" box="[1091,1171,334,353]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">philander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFDC4EB09CE2FECDFB0AFE73" box="[695,1171,370,390]" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09CE2FECDFC93FE73" box="[695,778,370,390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9CE2FECCFC93FE73" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[695,778,371,390]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derbianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CE2FECCFC93FE73" box="[695,778,371,390]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">derbianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09D6EFECDFC17FE73" box="[827,910,370,390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D6EFECDFCCFFE70" bold="true" box="[827,854,370,389]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">0.6</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFDC4EB09CE2FE28FB0AFE5E" box="[695,1171,407,427]" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09CE2FE28FC93FE5E" box="[695,778,407,427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9CE2FE28FD6CFE5F" baseAuthorityName="Olfers" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[695,757,407,426]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CE2FE28FD6CFE5F" box="[695,757,407,426]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">lanatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09D6EFE28FC17FE5E" box="[827,910,407,427]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">11.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09DEAFE28FC64FE5E" box="[959,1021,407,427]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9DEAFE28FC43FE5F" bold="true" box="[959,986,407,426]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">0.9</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFDC4EB09CE2FE03FB0AFE3A" box="[695,1171,444,463]" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09CE2FE03FC93FE3A" box="[695,778,444,463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9CE2FE03FC9EFE3A" box="[695,775,444,463]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Caluromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philander">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CE2FE03FC9EFE3A" box="[695,775,444,463]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">philander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09D6EFE03FC17FE3A" box="[827,910,444,463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">11.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09DEAFE03FC64FE3A" box="[959,1021,444,463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">11.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFDC4EB09A16FE03FB0AFE3A" box="[1091,1171,444,463]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">6.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9ED9FE38FEBFFDF7" blockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">The woolly opossum is nocturnal. After foraging for dicot tree fruits and insects during the night, it returns to its nest at dawn. It climbs quickly on vines.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9CF9FE5DFBA2FDE5" blockId="17.[684,1205,482,528]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFDCB15E9CF9FE5DFBA2FDE5" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[695,1171,334,463]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFDCB15E9CF9FE5DFD2BFE1B" attach="left" box="[684,690,482,494]" fontSize="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">a</superScript>
|
||
At the cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D0AFE5DFCF0FE00" box="[863,873,482,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">b</emphasis>
|
||
locus; diagonal elements (in boldface) are mean uncorrected within-group distances.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9ED8FDB4FD85FD73" blockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">The woolly opossum is solitary. It gives birth to many young that it keeps in its pouch. The young suck milk inside the pouch. When the young get big, they leave their mother, one by one.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9ED9FD2FFEBCFD3D" blockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Margays and snakes prey on the western woolly opossum.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9ED8FD6DFDE4FCFE" blockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">When the wooly opossum sees people, it opens its mouth and hisses, wanting to bite them.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9ED9FCABFE02FB6D" blockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
The woolly opossum eats crickets/katydids (the Matses do not distinguish lexically between crickets and katydids), cockroaches that live up in trees, armored millipedes (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9FC3FCC8FD8FFC7A" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="1896" box="[406,534,887,911]" class="Diplopoda" family="Platyrhacidae" genus="Barydesmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9FC3FCC8FD8FFC7A" box="[406,534,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Barydesmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) that are on the ground, dicot tree fruits including those of the bata (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9E85FC06FE09FC24" box="[208,400,953,977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pseudolmedia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9E85FC06FEF9FC24" box="[208,352,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Pseudolmedia</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and/or?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9FB9FC05FDE0FC24" box="[492,633,954,977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Maquira" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9FB9FC05FDDEFC24" box="[492,583,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Maquira</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9EF3FC65FE8BFC07" box="[166,274,986,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), kuëte bata trees (?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9FB0FC65FDECFC07" box="[485,629,986,1010]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Pseudolmedia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9FB0FC65FDECFC07" box="[485,629,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Pseudolmedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Fam.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9EF2FC44FE8AFBE6" box="[167,275,1019,1043]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), kuëte mëdiad (unidentified tree with starchy fruits that the Matses cook before eating), and vine fruits. It also eats the mesocarp of ripe isan palms (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9F68FBE0FD93FB83" box="[317,522,1118,1142]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Oenocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bataua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9F68FBE0FD93FB83" box="[317,522,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Oenocarpus bataua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) that have not fallen to the ground yet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFDCB15E9ED9FB1EFDFCF9B0" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9ED9FB1EFDFCF9B0" blockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
REMARKS: Four of our six vouchers were shot from trees at night by Matses hunters, three in secondary forest (abandoned swiddens) and one in hilltop primary forest; heights were not recorded, but the specimen shot in primary forest was said to be “very high up in a big tree” (English translation from Matses field notes). One specimen was captured by hand in the late afternoon by several boys, who shook it from the crown of a small guaba tree (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9FF0FA75FD95FA17" box="[421,524,1482,1506]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFDCB15E9C42FA74FF1AF9F6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9C42FA74FF1AF9F6" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Inga edulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on the outskirts of the village. The specimen from Jenaro
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9EA0F9B2FED3F9D1" box="[245,330,1549,1572]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Herrera</collectingRegion>
|
||
was trapped on a liana
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFDCB15E9C12F9B3FDE4F9D1" box="[583,637,1548,1572]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground in disturbed primary forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFDCB15E9ED8F9F0FB96FB0D" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFDCB15E9ED8F9F0FB96FB0D" blockId="17.[108,638,226,1738]" lastBlockId="17.[684,1215,587,1273]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9ED8F9F0FDE0F972" accessionNumber="MSB 56998" collectionCode="OTHER, SPECIMENS" collectorName="Isla Gargantua" country="Bolivia" location="Pando" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pando">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3314D1FFDCB15E9ED8F9F0FEC7F992" box="[141,350,1615,1639]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">OTHER SPECIMENS</collectionCode>
|
||
EXAMINED (TOTAL = 29):
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9E39F9D0FF26F972" bold="true" box="[108,191,1647,1671]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFDCB15E9E39F9D0FF26F972" box="[108,191,1647,1671]" name="Bolivia" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9E8DF9D0FEBAF972" box="[216,291,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9E8DF9D0FE86F972" box="[216,287,1647,1671]" country="Bolivia" name="Pando" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Pando</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9F7BF9D0FE4DF97D" box="[302,468,1647,1672]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Isla Gargantua</collectorName>
|
||
(MSB 56998)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9E39F92FFBA9FD71" collectorName="Igarape Porongaba & Sena Madureira" country="Brazil" county="Nova Vida" location="Rio Jurua" municipality="Rio Jurua" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Acre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9E39F92FFF29F95D" bold="true" box="[108,176,1680,1704]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFDCB15E9E39F92FFF29F95D" box="[108,176,1680,1704]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9E9CF92EFF66F95D" box="[201,255,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9E9CF92EFF62F95D" box="[201,251,1681,1704]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Acre</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FCF498FFDCB15E9F50F92EFEEEF95D" box="[261,375,1680,1704]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Nova Vida</collectingCounty>
|
||
on right bank
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF9166EFFDCB15E9C40F92FFDE5F95C" box="[533,636,1680,1705]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Rio Juruá</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(MVZ 190250, 190251), opposite
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9C73F90DFC86FD96" box="[550,799,587,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Igarapé Porongaba</collectorName>
|
||
on left bank
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9DFCFDF4FB89FD96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9DFCFDF4FB89FD96" box="[937,1040,587,611]" country="Brazil" county="Nova Vida" municipality="Rio Jurua" name="Rio Jurua" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Acre">Rio Juruá</location>
|
||
(MVZ 190249),
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9CF9FDD3FCFBFD71" box="[684,866,620,644]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Sena Madureira</collectorName>
|
||
(USNM 546177)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9A17FDD2FBA5FD1D" collectorName="Rosarinho & Sacado" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" location="Rio Jurua" municipality="Altamira" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A17FDD2FB25FD71" box="[1090,1212,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FCF498FFDCB15E9A17FDD2FB21FD71" box="[1090,1208,621,644]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
opposite
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF9166EFFDCB15E9D45FD32FCE8FD50" box="[784,881,653,677]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Altamira</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
on left bank
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9A53FD32FBF6FD50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9A53FD32FBF6FD50" box="[1030,1135,653,677]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" municipality="Altamira" name="Rio Jurua" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Rio Juruá</location>
|
||
(MVZ 190248),
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9D41FD11FC1FFD33" box="[788,902,686,710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Rosarinho</collectorName>
|
||
(AMNH 92760),
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9A19FD11FB00FD33" box="[1100,1177,686,710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Sacado</collectorName>
|
||
on right bank
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D73FD70FC17FD1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D73FD70FC17FD1D" box="[806,910,719,744]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" municipality="Altamira" name="Rio Jurua" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Rio Juruá</location>
|
||
(MVZ 190247)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9A16FD6FFBD4FCFD" collectorName="San Jose Abajo" country="Ecuador" location="Napo" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A16FD6FFB3BFD1D" bold="true" box="[1091,1186,720,744]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFDCB15E9A16FD6FFB3BFD1D" box="[1091,1186,720,744]" name="Ecuador" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CF9FD4EFD75FCFD" box="[684,748,753,776]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9CF9FD4EFD71FCFD" box="[684,744,753,776]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Napo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9CA7FD4EFC0DFCFD" box="[754,916,752,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">San Jose Abajo</collectorName>
|
||
(AMNH 68282)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A0FFD4FFB24FCFD" box="[1114,1213,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9A0FFD4FFB20FCFD" box="[1114,1209,752,776]" country="Ecuador" name="Orellana" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Orellana</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Parque Nacional Yasuní (ROM 104570).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9A2BFCADFCBAFC99" country="Paraguay" location="Caazapa" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Caazapa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A2BFCADFD7CFCBE" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFDCB15E9A2BFCADFD7CFCBE" name="Paraguay" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D55FC8CFCF5FCBF" box="[768,876,819,842]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9D55FC8CFCF1FCBF" box="[768,872,819,842]" country="Paraguay" name="Caazapa" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Caazapá</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9DD0FC8CFC7EFCBE" box="[901,999,819,843]" country="Paraguay" name="Caazapa" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Caazapá</collectingRegion>
|
||
(MNCN-M2630 [
|
||
<typeStatus id="549932B6FFDCB15E9CE6FCEBFC84FC99" box="[691,797,852,876]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9D66FCEBFCECFC78" collectorName="N Curuguaty" country="Paraguay" location="Canendiyu" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D66FCEBFC29FC99" box="[819,944,852,876]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D66FCEBFC34FC99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D66FCEBFC34FC99" box="[819,941,852,876]" country="Paraguay" name="Canendiyu" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Canendiyu</location>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
13.3 km
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9A73FCEBFB22FC99" box="[1062,1211,852,876]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">N Curuguaty</collectorName>
|
||
(UMMZ 134007)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9DD3FCCAFC40FC79" box="[902,985,885,908]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9DD3FCCAFC4FFC79" box="[902,982,885,908]" country="Paraguay" name="Guaira" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Guairá</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Villarrica (AMNH 66780).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9D53FC29FBD0FC3A" country="Peru" location="La Poza on Rio Santiago" municipality="Amazonas" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D53FC29FCA2FC5B" bold="true" box="[774,827,918,942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFDCB15E9D53FC29FCA2FC5B" box="[774,827,918,942]" name="Peru" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D00FC29FC55FC58" box="[853,972,918,941]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF9166EFFDCB15E9D00FC29FC51FC58" box="[853,968,918,941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D80FC29FD7BFC3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D80FC29FD7BFC3A" country="Peru" municipality="Amazonas" name="La Poza on Rio Santiago" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">La Poza on Río Santiago</location>
|
||
(MVZ 157608, 157611, 157612)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9A03FC08FC69FC05" collectorName="Tingo Maria" country="Peru" location="Huanuco" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Huanuco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A03FC08FB26FC3B" box="[1110,1215,951,974]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9A03FC08FB23FC3B" box="[1110,1210,951,974]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Huánuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9CF9FC67FCA3FC05" box="[684,826,984,1008]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Tingo Maria</collectorName>
|
||
(MVZ 140041)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9DAAFC66FB21FBC7" accessionNumber="TTU 99025" collectorName="Estacion Biologica Allpahuayo" country="Peru" location="Rio Curaray" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9DAAFC66FBD0FC05" box="[1023,1097,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9DAAFC66FBDFFC05" box="[1023,1094,985,1008]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Boca
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9AC0FC67FC9DFBE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9AC0FC67FC9DFBE4" country="Peru" name="Rio Curaray" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Loreto">Río Curaray</location>
|
||
(AMNH 71979, 71983, 71984),
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9A0AFC46FC3DFBC7" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Estación Biológica Allpahuayo</collectorName>
|
||
(TTU 99025, 101044)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9CF9FB84FC2BFB81" accessionNumber="KU 144058" collectorName="Reserva & Amazonico" country="Peru" location="Madre de Dios" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CF9FB84FCCAFBA6" box="[684,851,1083,1107]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9CF9FB84FCD6FBA6" box="[684,847,1083,1107]" country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Madre de Dios</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9D09FB83FC2BFBA6" box="[860,946,1084,1107]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Reserva</collectorName>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9DEFFB84FC67FBA6" box="[954,1022,1083,1107]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9A53FB84FB1AFBA6" box="[1030,1155,1083,1107]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Amazónico</collectorName>
|
||
(KU 144058, MVZ 168852)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9D94FBE2FB2EFB60" collectorName="San Juan" country="Peru" location="Nevati Mission" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pasco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D94FBE2FB9DFB81" box="[961,1028,1117,1140]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9D94FBE2FB99FB81" box="[961,1024,1117,1140]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9A45FBE3FB25FB81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9A45FBE3FB25FB81" box="[1040,1212,1116,1140]" country="Peru" name="Nevati Mission" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Pasco">Nevati Mission</location>
|
||
(AMNH 230001),
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9DD1FBC2FC72FB60" box="[900,1003,1149,1173]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">San Juan</collectorName>
|
||
(USNM 364160)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9CF9FB21FC5EFB22" collectorName="Lagarto" country="Peru" location="Rio Urubamba" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ucayali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9CF9FB21FC9DFB43" box="[684,772,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9CF9FB21FC99FB43" box="[684,768,1182,1206]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Boca
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D1AFB21FC6FFB43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFC3B15E9E97FC38FB96FB0D:8EFDDACFFFDCB15E9D1AFB21FC6FFB43" box="[847,1014,1182,1206]" country="Peru" name="Rio Urubamba" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Ucayali">Río Urubamba</location>
|
||
(AMNH 75911),
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9CF9FB7FFC98FB2D" box="[684,769,1216,1240]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Lagarto</collectorName>
|
||
(AMNH 78951)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFDCB15E9D83FB7FFB92FB0D" collectorName="Esmeralda" country="Venezuela" location="Amazonas" pageId="17" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9D83FB7FFBD5FB2D" bold="true" box="[982,1100,1216,1240]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFDCB15E9D83FB7FFBD5FB2D" box="[982,1100,1216,1240]" name="Venezuela" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFDCB15E9A33FB7FFD4EFB0D" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFDCB15E9A33FB7FFD4AFB0D" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectorName id="26D7E9C2FFDCB15E9C8AFB5FFCCBFB0D" box="[735,850,1248,1272]" pageId="17" pageNumber="17">Esmeralda</collectorName>
|
||
(AMNH 76970)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |