229 lines
31 KiB
XML
229 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="FF97400A5728B77E53E0A708522DDDC9" ID-CLB-Dataset="28349" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80b2b242-4455-40a8-83f0-cd458330341a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2595022" ID-ZooBank="524EF34B-9D7D-418E-9688-936D720806E1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1552656264768" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lambkin, Kevin J." docDate="2019" docId="4D7087C2FFE9FFF8FF0BF9FEFB07FD31" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4567.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4567 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard 1919" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="362" masterDocId="B149FFBAFFEBFFFCFF9CFFC6FFEBFFFD" masterDocTitle="Mesodiphthera Tillyard, 1919, from the Late Triassic of Queensland, the oldest cicada (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadoidea: Tettigarctidae)" masterLastPageNumber="366" masterPageNumber="358" pageNumber="360" updateTime="1698701929549" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1C6E858003970AB38A878E85FC860E3B">Mesodiphthera Tillyard, 1919, from the Late Triassic of Queensland, the oldest cicada (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadoidea: Tettigarctidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4F6C168D3C68CF919CA82F029A00D0D1">Lambkin, Kevin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A61B65B190AE2F9B50AF27D988652E10">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="001DC97FF2D5B48A981D45DB4D815772">
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<mods:date id="58E64A517227E381182F01E36BCF93A2">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7FA969ADBA630CD09E5382C35481A260">2019-03-15</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1E841ABEED236192F6BE850217B2BB48" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4D7087C2FFE9FFF8FF0BF9FEFB07FD31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5931798" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154402357" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5931798" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D7087C2FFE9FFF8FF0BF9FEFB07FD31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D7087C2FFE9FFF8FF0BF9FEFB07FD31" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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<subSubSection id="8DC3655FFFE9FFFEFF0BF9FEFD8CF9AF" box="[151,615,1592,1618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C56636D4FFE9FFFEFF0BF9FEFD8CF9AF" blockId="2.[151,615,1592,1651]" box="[151,615,1592,1618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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<heading id="9E2E81B8FFE9FFFEFF0BF9FEFD8CF9AF" bold="true" box="[151,615,1592,1618]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFE9FFFEFF0BF9FEFD8CF9AF" ID-CoL="423GF" authority="Tillyard, 1919" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,615,1592,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Mesodiphthera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE9FFFEFF0BF9FEFD8CF9AF" bold="true" box="[151,615,1592,1618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE9FFFEFF0BF9FEFE5BF9AF" bold="true" box="[151,432,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Mesodiphthera grandis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFE9FFFEFE2BF9FEFD8CF9AF" author="Tillyard, R. J." box="[439,615,1592,1618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" pagination="857 - 896" refId="ref5432" refString="Tillyard, R. J. (1919) Mesozoic insects of Queensland. No. 7. Hemiptera Homoptera; with a note on the phylogeny of the Suborder. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 44, 857 - 896." type="journal article" year="1919">Tillyard, 1919</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8DC3655FFFE9FFFEFF0BF99CFEE0F98E" box="[151,267,1626,1651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C56636D4FFE9FFFEFF0BF99CFEE0F98E" blockId="2.[151,615,1592,1651]" box="[151,267,1626,1651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE9FFFEFF03F99CFEE9F98E" box="[159,258,1626,1651]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5–7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1822,1844]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1420,375,1778]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,375,1797]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–4. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 1, holotype, GSQ213a; 2, QMF59841; 3, QMF59846 (mirrored); 4, composite of QMF59845 (extreme base) and QMF59846; bc, basal cell; mm, marginal membrane; wcf, wing coupling fold." captionText-1="FIGURES 5–7. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 5, QMF59844; 6, 7, QMF14311 (composite of part (top) and counterpart, counterpart mirrored), split and separation along claval suture recombined in the drawing." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2595024/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2595026/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Figs 1–7</figureCitation>
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||
)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8DC3655FFFE9FFFEFF0BF964FD2FF945" box="[151,708,1698,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C56636D4FFE9FFFEFF0BF964FD2FF945" blockId="2.[151,708,1698,1720]" box="[151,708,1698,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E5C911FAFFE9FFFEFF0BF964FD2FF945" box="[151,708,1698,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFE9FFFEFF0BF964FDA4F945" ID-CoL="423GF" authority="Tillyard, 1919: 873" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityPageNumber="873" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,591,1698,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Mesodiphthera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE9FFFEFF0BF964FE68F945" box="[151,387,1698,1720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Mesodiphthera grandis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="447810C5FFE9FFFEFE16F964FDA4F945" author="Tillyard, R. J." box="[394,591,1698,1720]" page="873" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" year="1919">
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<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFE9FFFEFE16F964FDF6F945" author="Tillyard, R. J." box="[394,541,1698,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" pagination="857 - 896" refId="ref5432" refString="Tillyard, R. J. (1919) Mesozoic insects of Queensland. No. 7. Hemiptera Homoptera; with a note on the phylogeny of the Suborder. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 44, 857 - 896." type="journal article" year="1919">Tillyard, 1919</bibRefCitation>
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: 873
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, text-fig. 7.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8DC3655FFFE9FFFEFF0BF922FD93F870" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C56636D4FFE9FFFEFF0BF922FD93F870" blockId="2.[151,1437,1764,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE9FFFEFF0BF922FEEDF900" bold="true" box="[151,262,1764,1789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="75B13C89FFE9FFFEFE89F923FD93F870" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013156701" collectionCode="QMF" country="Denmark" county="Dinmore" location="Hill" municipality="Hill" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="1A628876FFE9FFFEFE89F923FE96F903" box="[277,381,1765,1790]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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tegmen GSQ213a (basal fragment with clavus),
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||
<collectingCountry id="BDCE7644FFE9FFFEFC44F923FBABF903" box="[984,1088,1765,1790]" name="Denmark" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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||
<location id="C006600FFFE9FFFEFBD3F923FB95F903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D7087C2FFE9FFF8FF0BF9FEFB07FD31:C006600FFFE9FFFEFBD3F923FB95F903" box="[1103,1150,1765,1790]" country="Denmark" county="Dinmore" municipality="Hill" name="Hill" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Hill</location>
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; 10 additional tegmina,
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<collectingCountry id="BDCE7644FFE9FFFEFF0BF8CFFF14F8DF" box="[151,255,1801,1826]" name="Denmark" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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<collectingMunicipality id="2502ACAEFFE9FFFEFE8DF8CFFEAAF8DF" box="[273,321,1801,1826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Hill</collectingMunicipality>
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||
: GSQ192a/b (basal fragment without clavus);
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<collectingCounty id="2C074E58FFE9FFFEFC17F8CFFC18F8DF" box="[907,1011,1801,1826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Dinmore</collectingCounty>
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||
:
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFB95F8CCFBA2F8DF" box="[1033,1097,1802,1826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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14311+,
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFB28F8CFFB1AF8DF" box="[1204,1265,1801,1826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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59846 (almost complete);
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFE8AF8EBFEBFF8BB" box="[278,340,1837,1862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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59840+,
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFE2BF8EBFE1FF8BB" box="[439,500,1837,1862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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||
59843 (basal fragments with clavus),
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFC01F8EBFC37F8BB" box="[925,988,1837,1862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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59841,
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFBB2F8EBFB87F8BB" box="[1070,1132,1837,1862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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59842+,
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFB53F8EBFAE7F8BB" box="[1231,1292,1837,1862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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59845 (basal fragments without clavus),
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFE4DF897FDE5F897" box="[465,526,1873,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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59844+ (almost complete, broken at nodal line),
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<collectionCode id="A3C8AE11FFE9FFFEFBDEF897FB94F897" box="[1090,1151,1873,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">QMF</collectionCode>
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59847 (detached clavus). All specimens in the Queensland Museum.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8DC3655FFFE9FFF8FF5BF85FFB07FD31" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C56636D4FFE9FFFFFF5BF85FFD18FEBD" blockId="2.[151,1437,1764,2006]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">
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<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE9FFFEFF5BF85FFEB2F84F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1945,1970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Description.</emphasis>
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Tegmen
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<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE9FFFEFE5EF85CFE25F84C" box="[450,462,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">c</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity id="02219B31FFE9FFFEFE41F85CFDBCF84C" box="[477,599,1946,1970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="20.0">20–24 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE9FFFEFD03F85CFD40F84C" box="[671,683,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">c</emphasis>
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||
.
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<quantity id="02219B31FFE9FFFEFD27F85FFCF3F84C" box="[699,792,1945,1970]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
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wide (measurements from QMF59846 and QMF14311); branching pattern of RA2 variable (
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<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE9FFFEFDA7F87BFD63F82B" box="[571,648,1981,2006]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,375,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,375,1797]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 1, holotype, GSQ213a; 2, QMF59841; 3, QMF59846 (mirrored); 4, composite of QMF59845 (extreme base) and QMF59846; bc, basal cell; mm, marginal membrane; wcf, wing coupling fold." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595024/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE9FFFEFD04F87BFD23F82B" box="[664,712,1981,2006]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–7" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 5–7. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 5, QMF59844; 6, 7, QMF14311 (composite of part (top) and counterpart, counterpart mirrored), split and separation along claval suture recombined in the drawing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595026/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="360">5, 7</figureCitation>
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); in most specimens the pre-nodal membrane and main veins (except claval veins) with a strong pattern of dark markings, post-nodal area apparently mostly hyaline except for dark markings in anterior radial field just beyond node, anterior margins of the M2+3, CuA1 and CuA2 cells, and more or less along the main veins and cross-veins (
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<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE8FFFFFD65FF19FCADFF05" box="[761,838,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,375,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,375,1797]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 1, holotype, GSQ213a; 2, QMF59841; 3, QMF59846 (mirrored); 4, composite of QMF59845 (extreme base) and QMF59846; bc, basal cell; mm, marginal membrane; wcf, wing coupling fold." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595024/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE8FFFFFCCAFF19FC6DFF05" box="[854,902,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–7" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 5–7. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 5, QMF59844; 6, 7, QMF14311 (composite of part (top) and counterpart, counterpart mirrored), split and separation along claval suture recombined in the drawing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595026/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">5, 6</figureCitation>
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); dark markings apparently less developed in QMF59846, only obvious along costal margin and R+RA, and in two broad transverse bands on the clavus, the proximal band much paler than the distal one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE8FFFFFD3DFEE1FD0FFEBD" box="[673,740,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,375,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,375,1797]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 1, holotype, GSQ213a; 2, QMF59841; 3, QMF59846 (mirrored); 4, composite of QMF59845 (extreme base) and QMF59846; bc, basal cell; mm, marginal membrane; wcf, wing coupling fold." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595024/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="91A6665CFFE8FFFFFF0BF8D8FA94F8AF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595024/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="361" startId="3.[151,264,1822,1844]" targetBox="[167,1420,375,1778]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="C56636D4FFE8FFFFFF0BF8D8FA94F8AF" blockId="3.[151,1435,1822,1874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE8FFFFFF0BF8D8FEAAF8C9" bold="true" box="[151,321,1822,1844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFE8FFFFFED3F8D8FD4DF8C9" authority="Tillyard" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityYear="1919" box="[335,678,1822,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Mesodiphthera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE8FFFFFED3F8D8FDA9F8C9" box="[335,578,1822,1844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">Mesodiphthera grandis</emphasis>
|
||
Tillyard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 1, holotype, GSQ213a; 2, QMF59841; 3, QMF59846 (mirrored); 4, composite of QMF59845 (extreme base) and QMF59846; bc, basal cell; mm, marginal membrane; wcf, wing coupling fold.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C56636D4FFE8FFF8FF5BF846FD00FE2D" blockId="3.[151,1436,1919,2016]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE8FFFFFF5BF846FEFAF865" bold="true" box="[199,273,1920,1944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The two most complete specimens (QMF59846 and QMF14311—
|
||
<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE8FFFFFB9EF8B9FBA2F865" box="[1026,1097,1919,1944]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,375,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,375,1797]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 1, holotype, GSQ213a; 2, QMF59841; 3, QMF59846 (mirrored); 4, composite of QMF59845 (extreme base) and QMF59846; bc, basal cell; mm, marginal membrane; wcf, wing coupling fold." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595024/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFE8FFFFFBC8F8B9FB88F865" box="[1108,1123,1919,1944]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–7" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,238,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 5–7. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 5, QMF59844; 6, 7, QMF14311 (composite of part (top) and counterpart, counterpart mirrored), split and separation along claval suture recombined in the drawing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595026/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) vary a little in size, but the degree of difference is within the range of the tegmina of extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFE8FFFFFCE9F862FBAAF846" box="[885,1089,1956,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Tettigarcta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crinita">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFE8FFFFFCE9F862FBAAF846" box="[885,1089,1956,1979]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">Tettigarcta crinita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(specimens in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="071DF836FFE8FFFFFA84F865FA77F841" box="[1304,1436,1955,1980]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="3" pageNumber="361">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
Museum), as well as the tegmina of extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFE8FFFFFD04F801FCE3F81D" box="[664,776,1991,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cicadidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
of similar size. Two similarly sized Australian cicadids,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FF0BFF51FE78FF4D" authority="Moulds" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,403,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Tryella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burnsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FF0BFF51FEDEFF4D" box="[151,309,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Tryella burnsi</emphasis>
|
||
Moulds
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FE50FF5FFD78FF4D" authority="Moulds" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2003" box="[460,659,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Tryella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FE50FF5FFDDBFF4D" box="[460,560,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">T. crassa</emphasis>
|
||
Moulds
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for example, have intraspecific differences in tegmen length of five and nine millimetres respectively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FD80FF7AFD5CFF29" author="Moulds, M. S." box="[540,695,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" pagination="245 - 304" refId="ref5123" refString="Moulds, M. S. (2003) An appraisal of the cicadas of the genus Abricta Stal and allied genera (Hemiptera: Auchenrryncha: Cicadidae). Records of the Australian Museum 55, 245 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.55.2003.1386" type="journal article" year="2003">Moulds 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It should also be noted that female cicadas are generally slightly larger than males. Another point of variation is the presence in QMF59846 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5DE22A51FFEFFFF8FB86FF19FB6EFF05" box="[1050,1157,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1822,1844]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,375,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,375,1797]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Mesodiphthera grandis Tillyard: 1, holotype, GSQ213a; 2, QMF59841; 3, QMF59846 (mirrored); 4, composite of QMF59845 (extreme base) and QMF59846; bc, basal cell; mm, marginal membrane; wcf, wing coupling fold." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2595024/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Figs 3, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) of a curved cross-vein between RP and M1+2 just proximal of the nodal line. Such a cross-vein was illustrated in the Jurassic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FF0BFEE1FD7FFEBD" authority="(Nel) (Nel 1996" authorityName="Nel" authorityYear="1996" baseAuthorityName="Nel" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[151,660,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Liassocicada" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mueckei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FF0BFEE1FE65FEBD" box="[151,398,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Liassocicada mueckei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FE01FEE1FDA0FEBD" author="Nel, A." box="[413,587,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" pagination="83 - 94" refId="ref5228" refString="Nel, A. (1996) Un Tettigarctidae fossile du Lias europeen (Cicadomorpha, Cicadoidea, Tettigarctidae). Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, Biologie et Evolution des Insectes, 9, 83 - 94." type="journal article" year="1996">Nel) (Nel 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but has not been recorded in any other living or extinct tettigarctid. As QMF59846 and QMF14311 also have slightly different tegmen shapes and possibly different colour patterns, it is possible that they have come from different species. For the present, however, in the absence of a good series of specimens for a comparative analysis, there seems little point in adding yet another specific name to the literature based on such minor differences in single specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C56636D4FFEFFFF8FF5BFE1AFB07FD31" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">
|
||
Nearly all specimens have a quite striking blotchy dark colour pattern, especially pronounced in the pre-nodal area. Such blotchy dark patterning, although differing in detail, has also been recorded in the Jurassic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FA94FE39FF18FDC0" authorityName="Nel" authorityYear="1996" baseAuthorityName="Nel" baseAuthorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Liassocicada" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mueckei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FA94FE39FF18FDC0" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Liassocicada mueckei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FE91FDE2FE09FDC1" author="Nel, A." box="[269,482,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" pagination="83 - 94" refId="ref5228" refString="Nel, A. (1996) Un Tettigarctidae fossile du Lias europeen (Cicadomorpha, Cicadoidea, Tettigarctidae). Ecole pratique des hautes Etudes, Biologie et Evolution des Insectes, 9, 83 - 94." type="journal article" year="1996">Nel 1996, fig. 1</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FD9BFDE2FC40FDC0" authority="Bekker-Migdisova" authorityName="Bekker-Migdisova" box="[519,939,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Shuraboprosbole" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FD9BFDE2FD2CFDC0" box="[519,711,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Shuraboprosbole</emphasis>
|
||
Bekker-Migdisova
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FC59FDE2FA64FDC1" author="Wang, B. & Zhang, H." box="[965,1423,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" pagination="243 - 253" refId="ref5527" refString="Wang, B. & Zhang, H. (2009) Tettigarctidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadoidea) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Geobios, 42, 243 - 253. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2008.09.003" type="journal article" year="2009">Wang & Zhang 2009, figs 1A, 4A</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FF0BFD81FCD8FD9D" authority="Zheng, Chen and Wang (Zheng et al. 2016" authorityName="Zheng, Chen and Wang" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,819,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Maculaprosbole" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FF0BFD81FEA5FD9D" box="[151,334,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Maculaprosbole</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FEC8FD81FCD8FD9D" author="Chen, J. & Zhang, H. & Wang, B. & Zheng, Y & Wang, X. & Zheng, X." box="[340,819,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" pagination="853 - 862" refId="ref4539" refString="Chen, J., Zhang, H., Wang, B., Zheng, Y, Wang, X. & Zheng, X. (2016) New Jurassic tettigarctid cicadas from China with a novel example of disruptive coloration. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 61, 853 - 862. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00238.2015" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Zheng, Chen and Wang (Zheng
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FD26FD8FFD00FD9D" box="[698,747,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 1A), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FC48FD8EFF1EFD78" authority="Chen, Zhang and Wang (Chen et al. 2016" authorityName="Chen, Zhang and Wang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Sanmai" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FC48FD8EFBC3FDA2" box="[980,1064,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Sanmai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FBB2FD81FF1EFD78" author="Chen, J. & Zhang, H. & Wang, B. & Zheng, Y & Wang, X. & Zheng, X." pageId="4" pageNumber="362" pagination="853 - 862" refId="ref4539" refString="Chen, J., Zhang, H., Wang, B., Zheng, Y, Wang, X. & Zheng, X. (2016) New Jurassic tettigarctid cicadas from China with a novel example of disruptive coloration. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 61, 853 - 862. https: // doi. org / 10.4202 / app. 00238.2015" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Chen, Zhang and Wang (Chen
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FA14FD8FFF46FD78" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs 3A, 4A1), and the Miocene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FDFAFDABFA65FD79" authority="Kaulfuss and Moulds (Kaulfuss & Moulds 2015" authorityName="Kaulfuss and Moulds" authorityYear="2015" box="[614,1422,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Paratettigarcta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FDFAFDABFCF9FD79" box="[614,786,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Paratettigarcta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FC85FDAAFADFFD78" author="Kaulfuss, U. & Moulds, M. S." box="[793,1332,620,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" pagination="83 - 94" refId="ref4810" refString="Kaulfuss, U. & Moulds, M. S. (2015) A new genus and species of tettigarctid cicada from the early Miocene of New Zealand: Paratettigarcta zealandica (Hemiptera, Auchenorryncha, Tettigarctidae). Zookeys, 484, 83 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 484.8883" type="journal article" year="2015">Kaulfuss and Moulds (Kaulfuss & Moulds 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3B
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The tegmina of the two extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02D94D57FFEFFFF8FE6DFD57FD81FD55" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1845" box="[497,618,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigarctidae" genus="Tettigarcta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ADEAC6FFEFFFF8FE6DFD57FD81FD55" box="[497,618,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="362">Tettigarcta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have a less striking speckly colour pattern, apparently providing good camouflage while they sit on lichen-covered eucalypt bark (see photographs in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1484B25FFEFFFF8FBD3FD72FB0BFD31" author="Popple, L. W." box="[1103,1248,692,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="362" refId="ref5267" refString="Popple, L. W. (2018) A web guide to the cicadas of Australia. Available from http: // www. dr-pop. net (accessed 27 December 2018)" type="url" year="2018">Popple 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |