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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e036b25d-83e3-4247-9c3b-41ad2a84b72a" ID-PMC="PMC9043006" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1097-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6593D2730A295F46B63A738B12E43A22" ID-PubMed="35837583" ID-ZooBank="66F17436DF364FFDB2D3021F14D40D62" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1097-1" checkinTime="1650371395093" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Antic, Dragan, Vagalinski, Boyan, Stoev, Pavel &amp; Akkari, Nesrine" docDate="2022" docId="08A1EA2789055BAD97C52E44BAB5BE20" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1097: 1-46" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1097" docPubDate="2022-04-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916" docTitle="Bacillidesmus filiformis" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="6593D2730A295F46B63A738B12E43A22" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="6593D2730A295F46B63A738B12E43A22" masterDocTitle="A review of the cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and the Rhodope Mountains, with descriptions of two new genera and three new species" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668151688527" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A review of the cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and the Rhodope Mountains, with descriptions of two new genera and three new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Antic, Dragan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-4213</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia &amp; Serbian Biospeleological Society, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dragan.antic@bio.bg.ac.rs</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vagalinski, Boyan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Yurii Gagarin Street, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stoev, Pavel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-5677</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd. 1, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria &amp; Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Akkari, Nesrine</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-4833</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>3</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-04-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1097</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>46</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1097-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">66F17436DF364FFDB2D3021F14D40D62</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6593D2730A295F46B63A738B12E43A22</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194660835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:08A1EA2789055BAD97C52E44BAB5BE20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08A1EA2789055BAD97C52E44BAB5BE20" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="08A1EA27-8905-5BAD-97C5-2E44BAB5BE20" authority="(Latzel, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884), type material A paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266), habitus, lateral view B lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) body rings 8 - 19, dorsal view C lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) head and body rings 1 - 6, dorsal view D paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266) left leg 4, posterior view E lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 4, anterior view F lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 10, posterior view G lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) gonopod, mesal or lateral view. Abbreviations: s solenomere, sph solenophore. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C), 0.1 mm (D-F), 0.05 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674279" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 17A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">Brachydesmus filiformis</taxonomicName>
Latzel, 1884: 128, 129.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">Bacillidesmus filiformis</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems 1898</bibRefCitation>
: 481, figs 97, 98;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 577" refId="B8" refString="Attems, C, 1940. Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" volume="70" year="1940">Attems 1940</bibRefCitation>
: 170, fig. 244;
<bibRefCitation author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="437 - 470" refId="B53" refString="Strasser, K, 1962. Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien. Senckenbergiana Biologica 43 (6): 437 - 470" title="Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien." volume="43" year="1962">Strasser 1962</bibRefCitation>
: 443, 444;
<bibRefCitation author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="325 - 385" refId="B54" refString="Strasser, K, 1966a. Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici 23 (12): 325 - 385" title="Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens." volume="23" year="1966 a">Strasser 1966a</bibRefCitation>
: 341-343;
<bibRefCitation author="Kime, RD" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B35" refString="Kime, RD, Enghoff, H, 2011. Atlas of European millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Vol. 1. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow" title="Atlas of European millipedes (Class Diplopoda). Vol. 1." year="2011">Kime and Enghoff 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 72.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">As for the monospecific genus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Latzel" country="Ungarn" location="Ungarn" specimenCount="♂" typeStatus="Lectotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
(NHWM MY3754), designated herewith, &quot;SO
<collectingCountry name="Hungary">Ungarn</collectingCountry>
&quot;, leg.
<collectorName>Latzel</collectorName>
, don. Latzel 1919. One microslide with only one gonopod. Body in two pieces in ethanol: head with rings 1-6 and rings 8-19; second gonopod, antennae and ring 7 missing.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Latzel" country="Hungary" location="Ungarn" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paralectotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(NHWM MY10266), whole body in ethanol, same data as for lectotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In the original description,
<bibRefCitation author="Latzel, R" journalOrPublisher="Alfred Hoelder, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B36" refString="Latzel, R, 1884. Die Myriopoden der Oesterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie. Zweite Haelfte. Die Symphylen, Pauropoden und Diplopoden. Alfred Hoelder, Wien" title="Die Myriopoden der Oesterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie. Zweite Haelfte. Die Symphylen, Pauropoden und Diplopoden." year="1884">Latzel (1884)</bibRefCitation>
stated that he analyzed one pair (1 ♂, 1 ♀) that he had collected personally in
<normalizedToken originalValue="“südöstlichen">&quot;suedoestlichen</normalizedToken>
Ungarn&quot; (= southeastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary). Later,
<bibRefCitation author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="437 - 470" refId="B53" refString="Strasser, K, 1962. Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien. Senckenbergiana Biologica 43 (6): 437 - 470" title="Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien." volume="43" year="1962">Strasser (1962)</bibRefCitation>
assumed that the species came from &quot;present-day Yugoslavia north of the Danube&quot;. This refers to
<normalizedToken originalValue="today’s">today's</normalizedToken>
Vojvodina, northern Serbia. However, the southeastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary included both Banat Mountains and Southern Carpathians (= Transylvanian Alps) in present-day Romania. Bearing in mind that this area is already inhabited by three trichopolydesmid genera, it seems more plausible that
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could have originated from present-day Romania, rather than northern Serbia which is characterized mainly by agricultural fields. It also remains unknown if this species is cavernicolous or epigean.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This taxon was originally described as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Latzel, 1884.
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems (1898)</bibRefCitation>
analyzed both
<normalizedToken originalValue="Latzel’s">Latzel's</normalizedToken>
specimens of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and based on numerous differences with the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1858" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Heller, 1858, he correctly established a new genus,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. At the same time,
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems (1898)</bibRefCitation>
gave the first gonopod drawing of this taxon (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17A</figureCitation>
). Later, in his famous &quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Polydesmoidea">Polydesmoidea</taxonomicName>
III&quot;,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 577" refId="B8" refString="Attems, C, 1940. Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" volume="70" year="1940">Attems (1940)</bibRefCitation>
provided a new drawing of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gonopod (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17B</figureCitation>
), which is slightly different from his 1898 drawing. After studying
<normalizedToken originalValue="Attems’">Attems'</normalizedToken>
microslide with only one gonopod in poor condition (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884), type material A paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266), habitus, lateral view B lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) body rings 8 - 19, dorsal view C lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) head and body rings 1 - 6, dorsal view D paralectotype ♀ (NHMW MY 10266) left leg 4, posterior view E lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 4, anterior view F lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) right leg 10, posterior view G lectotype ♂ (NHMW MY 3754) gonopod, mesal or lateral view. Abbreviations: s solenomere, sph solenophore. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-C), 0.1 mm (D-F), 0.05 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674279" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Gonopods of cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and Rhodopes A-C Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) lectotype ♂ (NHWM MY 3754) A after Attems (1898) B? left gonopod,? mesal view, after Attems (1940) C? left gonopod,? mesal view, present study D Banatodesmus jeanneli (Tabacaru, 1980) syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Tabacaru (1980) E, F Napocodesmus florentzae Tabacaru, 1975 holotype ♂, right gonopod, mesal and anterior views, respectively, after Tabacaru (1975) G, H Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898 ♂ from Closani cave, right gonopod, antero-mesal and mesal views, respectively, after Ceuca (1958) I Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) gen. nov., comb. nov. ♂ from Ponora Cave (NMNHS- 10813), left gonopod, mesal view J Balkanodesminus serbicus gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10263), left gonopod, mesal view K Rhodopodesmus niveus gen. nov. et sp. nov. holotype ♂ (NMNHS- 10823), left gonopod, mesal view L Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966 a) gen. nov., comb. nov., stat. nov. syntype ♂, right gonopod, mesal view, after Strasser (1966 a) M Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. paratype ♂ (NHMW MY 10258), right gonopod, mesal view N Balkanodesminus dentatoides gen. nov. et sp. nov. ♂ from Sopotska Cave (NHMW MY 10267), left gonopod, mesal view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/674295" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17C</figureCitation>
) we can confirm that it coincides a bit more with his schematic drawing from 1940. Unfortunately, the second gonopod, as well as ring 7 and both antennae of the lectotype, are most likely lost. It remains unclear whether Attems could have used the now-lost gonopod for the first drawing, or in both cases he used this one, which is still present today, but over time there have been partial changes in its position on the microslide or a partial deformation. Given that
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">Attems (1898)</bibRefCitation>
also made a drawing of the antenna, which is missing today, it is very possible that there was another microslide with the second gonopod and antenna/antennae, which we failed to find. However, based on
<bibRefCitation author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 482" publicationUrl="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" refId="B4" refString="Attems, C, 1898. System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klassen, 67: 221 - 482, http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" title="System der Polydesmiden. I. Theil." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27925127" volume="67" year="1898">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Attems’">Attems'</normalizedToken>
(1898
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 577" refId="B8" refString="Attems, C, 1940. Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 577, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111609645" volume="70" year="1940">1940</bibRefCitation>
) drawings and the newly examined type material of the gonopod, some conclusions could be drawn here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had remained monospecific until
<bibRefCitation author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana Biologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="437 - 470" refId="B53" refString="Strasser, K, 1962. Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien. Senckenbergiana Biologica 43 (6): 437 - 470" title="Diplopoden aus Bulgarien und Jugoslawien." volume="43" year="1962">Strasser (1962)</bibRefCitation>
provisionally included therein a new taxon from Bulgaria, based on a single female. Just a few years later, and this time with males in the hands,
<bibRefCitation author="Strasser, K" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="325 - 385" refId="B54" refString="Strasser, K, 1966a. Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici 23 (12): 325 - 385" title="Ueber Diplopoden Bulgariens." volume="23" year="1966 a">Strasser (1966a)</bibRefCitation>
confirmed that two more taxa belonged to the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, viz.,
<taxonomicName authority="bulgaricus" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. bulgaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="bulgaricus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus bulgaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Strasser, 1962 and
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="dentatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Strasser, 1966a. However, after a detailed examination of the type material of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as material of
<taxonomicName authority="bulgaricus" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. bulgaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="bulgaricus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus bulgaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="dentatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and two related new species from Serbia and Bulgaria, we believe that
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should include only
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latzel" authorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Brachydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachydesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachydesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while the remaining aforementioned taxa should be assigned to a new genus,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., which we describe below. The new genus differs significantly from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
both in somatic and gonopodal characters. The most striking difference in the gonopod structure is that in
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the solenomeral branch is simple, without a distal solenomeral process, while in
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Strasser" authorityYear="1962" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus bulgaricus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">Bacillidesmus bulgaricus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Strasser" authorityYear="1962" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus bulgaricus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">Bacillidesmus bulgaricus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Strasser" authorityYear="1962" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus bulgaricus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">Bacillidesmus bulgaricus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus dentatus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">Bacillidesmus dentatus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and the two new species it is transversely bifid. In addition, these two genera differ significantly in several somatic traits:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has regular rows of metatergal setae, mainly four, whereas
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. shows 4-8 irregular rows; sensilla basiconica on antennomere 6: completely enclosed inside the pit in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. partially exposed outside the pit in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; setae on paraprocts: 2+2 long setae in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. 2+2 long and ca. 10+10 shorter ones in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; setae on hypoproct: 1+1 long distal setae in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. densely setose, including two long distal setae in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; femora of all male legs swollen in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, vs. only femora of legs 1-3 swollen in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov.; anterior male legs in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with ventral denticles, vs. denticles absent in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. These diferences are sound enough to propose a new genus for the taxa described by Strasser (
<taxonomicName authority="bulgaricus" lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. bulgaricus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="bulgaricus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus bulgaricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. bulgaricus subsp. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="bulgaricus" subSpecies="dentatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. bulgaricus dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the two newly described species. Moreover,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latzel" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Bacillidesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bacillidesmus filiformis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bacillidesmus filiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to show more affinity to some of the Carpathian genera (which is another proof that this genus could be from the Carpathians, see under
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tabacaru" authorityYear="1980" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Banatodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Banatodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Banatodesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1898" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Trichopolydesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichopolydesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trichopolydesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), while
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Balkanodesminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balkanodesminus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Balkanodesminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., from the Balkan Mountains, shares many similarities with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Antić &amp; Vagalinski &amp; Stoev &amp; Akkari" authorityYear="2022" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopolydesmidae" genus="Rhodopodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhodopodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhodopodesmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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