434 lines
59 KiB
XML
434 lines
59 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="DBE23EA04171922E2A59F6E443D94652">Coralliidae (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the INDEMARES 2010 expedition to north and northwest Spain (northeast Atlantic), with delimitation of a new species using both morphological and molecular approaches</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B25C7149212DF81CBD316F07D98FCAE">Tu, Tzu-Hsuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1A02D437BF95A9DCEE91F2369507287D">Altuna, Álvaro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="321BF144516F27A7A67FE739BE7EA523">Jeng, Ming-Shiou</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="932A0144FFFDFFE8DEF09DD48E5C0029" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5619921" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119599267" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5619921" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:932A0144FFFDFFE8DEF09DD48E5C0029" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/932A0144FFFDFFE8DEF09DD48E5C0029" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFDFFEFDEF09DD4886405B7" blockId="18.[151,575,1675,1735]" box="[151,575,1675,1702]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="4074073EFFFDFFEFDEF09DD4886405B7" bold="true" box="[151,575,1675,1702]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFDFFEFDEF09DD4886405B7" ID-CoL="5ZZKY" authority="Johnson, 1898" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,575,1675,1702]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
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<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDEF09DD4886405B7" bold="true" box="[151,575,1675,1702]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDEF09DD48B2F05B4" bold="true" box="[151,372,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Corallium tricolor</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDFE59DD3886C05B7" author="Johnson" box="[386,567,1676,1702]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1898) Short diagnoses of two new species of Coralliidae from Madeira. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2, 421 - 422." type="journal article" year="1898">Johnson, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFDFFEFDEF09DF18B3505D6" blockId="18.[151,575,1675,1735]" box="[151,366,1710,1735]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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(
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<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFDFFEFDEF99DF18B5505D6" box="[158,270,1710,1735]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Figure 10</figureCitation>
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, table 2)
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5399E3D9FFFDFFEFDEF09DA988A90496" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFDFFEFDEF09DA988C1041D" blockId="18.[151,1436,1782,1927]" box="[151,666,1782,1805]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="3B93977CFFFDFFEFDEF09DA988C1041D" box="[151,666,1782,1805]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFDFFEFDEF09DA98861041D" ID-CoL="874WF" authority="Gray 1867: 126" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,570,1782,1804]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
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<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDEF09DA98BD6041D" box="[151,397,1782,1804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Hemicorallium johnsoni</emphasis>
|
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDFFC9DA98861041D" author="Gray" box="[411,570,1782,1804]" page="126" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1867">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDFFC9DA98851041D" author="Gray" box="[411,522,1782,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Additional note on Corallium johnsoni. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867, 125 - 127." type="proceedings paper" year="1867">Gray 1867</bibRefCitation>
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: 126
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDC2E9DA788D6041C" box="[585,653,1784,1805]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">partim</emphasis>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFDFFEFDEF09C4A89EA043A" blockId="18.[151,1436,1782,1927]" box="[151,945,1813,1835]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="3B93977CFFFDFFEFDEF09C4A89EA043A" box="[151,945,1813,1835]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFDFFEFDEF09C4A8800043A" authority="Johnson, 1898: 421" authorityName="Johnson" authorityPageNumber="421" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,603,1813,1835]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Pleurocorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
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<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDEF09C4A8BCA043A" box="[151,401,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Pleurocorallium tricolor</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDFF09C4A8800043A" author="Johnson" box="[407,603,1813,1835]" page="421" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1898">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDFF09C4A8877043A" author="Johnson" box="[407,556,1813,1835]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1898) Short diagnoses of two new species of Coralliidae from Madeira. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2, 421 - 422." type="journal article" year="1898">Johnson, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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: 421
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDC1E9C4A896A043A" author="Johnson" box="[633,817,1813,1835]" page="58" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1899">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDC1E9C4A8950043A" author="Johnson" box="[633,779,1813,1835]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1899) Notes on the Coralliidae of Madeira, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 57 - 63." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">Johnson 1899</bibRefCitation>
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: 58
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 7, fig. 3.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFDFFEFDEF09C6B88A90496" blockId="18.[151,1436,1782,1927]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3B93977CFFFDFFEFDEF09C6B88A90496" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFDFFEFDEF09C6B886C045B" ID-CoL="5ZZKY" authority="Kukenthal 1924: 52" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,567,1844,1866]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
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<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDEF09C6B8B0D045B" box="[151,342,1844,1866]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Corallium tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDF009C6B886C045B" author="Kukenthal" box="[359,567,1844,1866]" page="52" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1924">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDF009C6B884A045B" author="Kukenthal" box="[359,529,1844,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Kukenthal., W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich, 47, 1 - 478." type="journal article" year="1924">Kükenthal 1924</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 52
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDC319C6B895D045B" author="Bayer" box="[598,774,1844,1866]" page="467" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1964">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDC319C6B888F045B" author="Bayer" box="[598,724,1844,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1964) The genus Corallium (Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia) in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Marine Sciences of the Gulf and Caribbean, 14, 465 - 478." type="journal article" year="1964">Bayer 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 467
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDD439C6B89AB045B" author="Grasshoff" box="[804,1008,1844,1866]" page="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="1986">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDD439C6B8991045B" author="Grasshoff" box="[804,970,1844,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1986) Die Gorgonaria der Expeditionen von " Travailleur " 1880 - 1882 und " Talisman " 1883 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Series 4, 8 (A) 1, 9 - 38." type="journal article" year="1986">Grasshoff 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 14
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDA699C6B8F70045B" author="Bayer" box="[1038,1323,1844,1866]" page="224" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="2003">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDA699C6B8EAC045B" author="Bayer" box="[1038,1271,1844,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Bayer, F. M. & Cairns, S. D. (2003) A new genus of the scleraxonian family Coralliidae (Octocorallia: Gorgonacea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 116, 222 - 228." type="journal article" year="2003">Bayer & Cairns 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 224
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDB2E9C6B8B2D0479" author="Brito" page="290" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="2004">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDB2E9C6B8B1F0479" author="Brito" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Brito, A. & Ocana, O. (2004) Corales de las Islas Canarias. Antozoos con esqueleto de los fondos litorales y profundos. Francisco Lemus Editor, La Laguna, 477 pp." type="book" year="2004">Brito & Ocaña 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 290
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 50, fig. A–E.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDC5F9C0D89020479" author="Watling" box="[568,857,1874,1896]" page="292" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDC5F9C0D89710479" author="Watling" box="[568,810,1874,1896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Watling, L. & Auster, P. J. (2005) Distribution of deep-water Alcyonacea off the northeast coast of the United States. In: Freiwald, A. & Roberts, J. M. (Eds.), Cold-water corals and ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 279 - 296." type="book chapter" year="2005">Watling & Auster 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 292
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(app. 1).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9A229643FFFDFFEFDDA19C0D8EE40479" author="Sampaio" box="[966,1215,1874,1896]" page="75" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFDFFEFDDA19C0D8EC20479" author="Sampaio" box="[966,1177,1874,1896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Sampaio, I., Ocana, O., Tempera, F., Braga-Henriques, A., Matos, V. & Porteiro, F. M. (2009) New occurrences of Corallium spp. (Octocorallia, Coralliidae) in the Central Northeast Atlantic. Arquipelago, Life and Marine Sciences, 26, 73 - 78." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Sampaio
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDA4C9C0C8E0C0479" box="[1067,1111,1874,1896]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 75
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig.
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFDFFEFDA969C0D8F5F0479" box="[1265,1284,1874,1896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="g" value="1.0">1g</quantity>
|
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.—Simpson & Watling 2011: 370.—Watling
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDF909C2D887F0496" box="[503,548,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011: 55 (tab. 2.1).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5399E3D9FFFDFFEFDEF09CEB8B5C04E0" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFDFFEFDEF09CEB8B5C04E0" blockId="18.[151,1436,1972,2033]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
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<materialsCitation id="ABEBBA0FFFFDFFEFDEF09CEB8B5C04E0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1423852805" collectionCode="SMF" county="Spain" location="Madeira" municipality="northeastern Atlantic" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" specimenCode="SMF 9514" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFDFFEFDEF09CEB8BDB04DC" bold="true" box="[151,384,1972,1997]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCode id="4B251829FFFDFFEFDFF29CEB884D04DC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[405,534,1972,1997]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">SMF 9514</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="1E5CE689FFFDFFEFDC4F9CEB88DE04DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:932A0144FFFDFFE8DEF09DD48E5C0029:1E5CE689FFFDFFEFDC4F9CEB88DE04DC" box="[552,645,1972,1997]" county="Spain" municipality="northeastern Atlantic" name="Madeira" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Madeira</location>
|
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(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="FB582A28FFFDFFEFDCFC9CEB89CF04DC" box="[667,916,1972,1997]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">northeastern Atlantic</collectingMunicipality>
|
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),
|
||
<location id="1E5CE689FFFDFFEFDDC99CEA8F1704DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:932A0144FFFDFFE8DEF09DD48E5C0029:1E5CE689FFFDFFEFDDC99CEA8F1704DC" box="[942,1356,1972,1997]" county="Spain" municipality="northeastern Atlantic" name="Jean Charcot cruise Stn. 19, 1966" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Jean Charcot cruise Stn. 19, 1966</location>
|
||
, depth unknown.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5399E3D9FFFCFFEEDEA09BC88E830646" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA09BC8893C02C2" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDEA09BC88B0203A1" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
The colony examined is
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDC139BC788BD03BE" box="[628,742,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.22" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="42.2">42.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall and
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDD209BC789E103BE" box="[839,954,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3229999999999995" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="33.23">33.23 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with branches sub-alternately in one plane up to the third degree of subdivision. The holdfast of the colony is lacking, and the main stem is short,
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDB0C9BE38A9803E6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.27" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="4.27">4.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height and
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDF0C9BBF8B8A03E6" box="[363,465,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, with an elliptic cross-section. The whole colony is mainly composed of first–order branches. These are flexuous, taper from base to tip ending in slender points, are
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDAFE9A5B8EA6020D" box="[1177,1277,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.78">0.78 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the ultimate branches, bifurcating along their length up to the third-order of branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDA309A788EFC0251" box="[1111,1191,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Branchlets arising from all first, second, and third-order branches do not anastomose at the distal ends. The second and the third-order branches are nearly circular in cross-section and range in diameter from
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDDDA9A2C8E7B029B" box="[957,1056,371,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="1.34">1.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDA259A2D8EF2029B" box="[1090,1193,370,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="1.75">1.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Due to the small size of this colony, the third-order branches range from
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDCB69AC9891802BE" box="[721,835,406,431]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.236" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="12.36">12.36 mm</quantity>
|
||
to 15.00 mm in length. Except for a missing holdfast, SMF 9514 is a complete specimen without fractured distal ends.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA09A818F2601BA" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
The cortex is
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDF059ABF8BDF02E6" box="[354,388,480,503]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDFEB9A818BA502E6" box="[396,510,478,503]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.057">0.057 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, and it evenly wraps the axis of the colony. Close examination of the cortex reveals small raised bumps nearly uniformly covering the surface of both the autozooid-covered face (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDB49995D8FDA010A" box="[1326,1409,514,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A, indicated by an arrow), and the autozooid-free side of the colony. Due to erosion by commensal polychaetes, the axis of both first-order branches has been modified to form a cannular, tunnel-like structure composed of a thin, calcareous wall with an overlying layer of cortex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDCAA993189450196" box="[717,798,622,647]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
B, indicated by a white arrow). The surface of the axis is smooth, without longitudinal grooves and is covered with minute tubercles ornamented with thorny projections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA099E98E880092" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
When contracted, the autozooids are subconical in shape and almost perpendicular to the branches of colony. They have eight deep longitudinal grooves that extend from the contracted polyp orifice to halfway down the body of the polyp (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDF4B99A18B200006" box="[300,379,766,791]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B). In their contracted state, autozooids measure up to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDD9B99A08E040006" box="[1020,1119,767,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="2.43">2.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height and
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDA9B99A08F3B0006" box="[1276,1376,767,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.74" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="1.74">1.74 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at their base. Autozooids are absent on the stem and are irregularly scattered on one side of the colony. At the tip of branchlets, 2–3 autozooids occur together forming a “T”. Siphonozooids are small,
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDA2F98178E32004E" box="[1096,1129,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDA1698198E8D004E" box="[1137,1238,838,863]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, with an obvious orifice, and surround the base of the autozooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDD5C983589D70092" box="[827,908,874,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
B, indicated by black arrow).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA098D188F207B2" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
Sclerome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDF2498D18BCC00B6" box="[323,407,910,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
C, D): Cortex: there are five different
|
||
<typeStatus id="C4380EF0FFFCFFEEDD3498CF89D500B9" box="[851,910,912,936]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of sclerites, namely crosses, asymmetrical 6- radiates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDF6798ED8B0900DA" box="[256,338,946,971]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
Ca), asymmetrical 8-radiates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDCCB98ED88A400DA" box="[684,767,946,971]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
Cb), symmetrical 8-radiates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDA2998ED8EFB00DA" box="[1102,1184,946,971]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
Cc), and double clubs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDEF898898AAE00FE" box="[159,245,982,1007]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
Cd). The two forms of 8-radiates are the predominant
|
||
<typeStatus id="C4380EF0FFFCFFEEDDE6988789E400E1" box="[897,959,984,1008]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, totally accounting for 61% of sclerites. Modified 8-radiates that resemble double clubs, with hypertrophic processes and reduced multilobular rays, account for 30% of sclerites. Some sclerites have a shape between asymmetrical 8-radiates and double clubs. Sclerites vary in size from up to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDC679F1D8829074B" box="[512,626,1090,1115]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.055">0.055 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide for double clubs, up to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDDD09F1D8E73074B" box="[951,1064,1090,1115]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8999999999999995" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.059">0.059 mm</quantity>
|
||
long for crosses, up to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDB4C9F1D8FC6074B" box="[1323,1437,1090,1115]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.052">0.052 mm</quantity>
|
||
for 6-radiates, and up to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDFDE9F398875076E" box="[441,558,1126,1151]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.066">0.066 mm</quantity>
|
||
for asymmetrical 8-radiates. Symmetrical 8-radiates are the largest sclerites ranging from
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDF569FD58BF807B3" box="[305,419,1162,1187]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.064">0.064 mm</quantity>
|
||
to 0.100 mm in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA09FF18820061E" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
Autozooid: polyp wall sclerites do not significantly differ from those present in the cortex. Pharyngeal sclerites are rods up to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDF599F8C8BE907FB" box="[318,434,1235,1259]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.081">0.081 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDC579F8D88D907FA" box="[560,642,1234,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
Da). Tentacle sclerites include the above mentioned radiates and long rods up to
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDF699FA98B24061E" box="[270,383,1270,1295]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.115">0.115 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="83B8ACD7FFFCFFEEDF909FA98813061E" box="[503,584,1270,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1881]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Corallium tricolor (Johnson, 1898), SMF 9514. (A) “ Front ” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “ Back ” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6 - radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8 - radiates, (c) symmetrical 8 - radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites .." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
Db).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA09E458E830646" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">The colony has a pale yellow cortex with vermilion-red autozooids. The axis is uniformly lightly pink to white. Sclerites are colourless to lightly pink when examined with a microscope under transmitted light.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5399E3D9FFFCFFEEDEA09E3D8ABB06F6" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA09E3D8ABB06F6" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDEA09E3D8B3B066A" bold="true" box="[199,352,1378,1403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFCFFEEDF0D9E3D8867066A" box="[362,572,1378,1403]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDF0D9E3D8867066A" box="[362,572,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Corallium tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a rarely recorded species mainly distributed in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. It has been reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6394F0C2FFFCFFEEDC7C9ED788D8068E" box="[539,643,1416,1439]" name="Morocco" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Canary Islands, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6394F0C2FFFCFFEEDDC69ED88E7F068E" box="[929,1060,1414,1439]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands, Madeira, and the Irving Seamount slope at
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFCFFEEDF099EF58BA706D3" box="[366,508,1450,1475]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.44" metricValueMax="10.9" metricValueMin="5.9799999999999995" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="844.0" valueMax="1090.0" valueMin="598.0">598–1090 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDC369EF588A906D2" author="Johnson" box="[593,754,1450,1475]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1898) Short diagnoses of two new species of Coralliidae from Madeira. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2, 421 - 422." type="journal article" year="1898">Johnson 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDC999EF4896106D2" author="Johnson" box="[766,826,1451,1475]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1899) Notes on the Coralliidae of Madeira, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 57 - 63." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDD229EF589AC06D2" author="Grasshoff" box="[837,1015,1450,1475]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1986) Die Gorgonaria der Expeditionen von " Travailleur " 1880 - 1882 und " Talisman " 1883 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Series 4, 8 (A) 1, 9 - 38." type="journal article" year="1986">Grasshoff 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDA649EF58EB506D2" author="Brito" box="[1027,1262,1450,1475]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Brito, A. & Ocana, O. (2004) Corales de las Islas Canarias. Antozoos con esqueleto de los fondos litorales y profundos. Francisco Lemus Editor, La Laguna, 477 pp." type="book" year="2004">Brito & Ocaña 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDA9E9EF58A8F06F6" author="Sampaio" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Sampaio, I., Ocana, O., Tempera, F., Braga-Henriques, A., Matos, V. & Porteiro, F. M. (2009) New occurrences of Corallium spp. (Octocorallia, Coralliidae) in the Central Northeast Atlantic. Arquipelago, Life and Marine Sciences, 26, 73 - 78." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Sampaio
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDB049EF38FCE06D2" box="[1379,1429,1450,1475]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5399E3D9FFFCFFE8DEA09EAD8E5C0029" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA09EAD8AA505AE" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDEA09EAD8B60051A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1522,1547]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Our description of this species is mainly based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDDEA9EAD8E6E051A" author="Johnson" box="[909,1077,1522,1547]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1898) Short diagnoses of two new species of Coralliidae from Madeira. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2, 421 - 422." type="journal article" year="1898">Johnson (1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDA239EAC8E25051A" author="Johnson" box="[1092,1150,1523,1547]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1899) Notes on the Coralliidae of Madeira, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 57 - 63." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with additions from the material examined herein. A colony collected from Madeira and deposited in the Liverpool Free Museum, was depicted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDF469D64885B0542" author="Gray" box="[289,512,1594,1619]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Additional note on Corallium johnsoni. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867, 125 - 127." type="proceedings paper" year="1867" yearSuffix="p">Gray (1867, p. 126)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and misidentified as a young colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFCFFEEDDA29D658E8D0542" box="[965,1238,1594,1619]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDDA29D658E8D0542" box="[965,1238,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Hemicorallium johnsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The same figure was later shown by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDF119D0188360566" author="Johnson" box="[374,621,1630,1655]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1899) Notes on the Coralliidae of Madeira, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 57 - 63." type="proceedings paper" year="1899" yearSuffix="p">Johnson (1899, p. 58)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but it was assigned to a different species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFCFFEEDA2B9D008E9A0566" box="[1100,1217,1630,1655]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDA2B9D008E9A0566" box="[1100,1217,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The specimen had prominent autozooids that were different from the hemispherical cortical mounds that are characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFCFFEEDBE59DDC8AAC05AE" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDBE59DDC8AAC05AE" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. johnsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFCFFEEDEA09D95895F04AA" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
|
||
The symmetry of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFCFFEEDFF09D94884A05F2" box="[407,529,1738,1763]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFCFFEEDFF09D94884A05F2" box="[407,529,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">C. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colonies varies, and the degree of branching may be related to their size. The specimen examined in this study only exhibits third-order branching, which is less than the fourth-order branching from the holotype. If compared with the holotype (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDCBB9C4D8E65043A" author="Johnson" box="[732,1086,1810,1835]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1899) Notes on the Coralliidae of Madeira, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 57 - 63." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">Johnson 1899, Plate VII, fig. 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), sample SMF 9514 examined herein is smaller. In the holotype, and in most autozooids of SMF 9514, the eight deep longitudinal grooves extend only to the middle of the polyp wall, but in some cases they extend to the base. In the descriptions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFCFFEEDB279C058A810486" author="Johnson" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1898) Short diagnoses of two new species of Coralliidae from Madeira. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2, 421 - 422." type="journal article" year="1898">Johnson (1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 421; 1899, p. 59), crosses were mentioned only in the autozooids, but, although scarce, they were found in both cortex and autozooids in the sample SMF 9514.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4FFCE0DAFFFBFFE9DEF09C3089C504F0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234389/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" targetBox="[170,1416,193,1881]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFBFFE9DEF09C3089C504F0" blockId="20.[151,1437,1903,2017]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFBFFE9DEF09C308B430494" bold="true" box="[151,280,1903,1925]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">FIGURE 10</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFBFFE9DF439C3088D10494" authority="(Johnson, 1898)" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1898" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[292,650,1903,1925]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFBFFE9DF439C308B840494" box="[292,479,1903,1925]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Corallium tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
(Johnson, 1898)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, SMF 9514. (A) “Front” view of colony, arrow indicating small raised bumps. (B) “Back” view of colony, black arrow indicating opening of siphonozooid; white arrows indicating the axis distorted. (C) Cortical sclerites; (a) asymmetrical 6-radiate, (b) asymmetrical 8-radiates, (c) symmetrical 8-radiates, (d) double clubs. (D) Sclerites from the autozooids; (a) pharyngeal sclerites, (b) tentacle sclerites..
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFAFFE8DEA09BC8891E03C5" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
Authorship of this species is attributed to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DCCB9BC8890403A1" author="Johnson" box="[684,863,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1899) Notes on the Coralliidae of Madeira, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 57 - 63." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">Johnson (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, an incontestable valid diagnosis of the species was given before by the same author (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DCFF9BE3896303C5" author="Johnson" box="[664,824,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1898) Short diagnoses of two new species of Coralliidae from Madeira. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2, 421 - 422." type="journal article" year="1898">Johnson 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFAFFE8DEA09B808BA50251" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DEA09B808BC103E9" box="[199,410,223,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DEA09B808BC103E9" box="[199,410,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Corallium tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the species hosting the commensal polychaete
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DA569B808F3F03E9" box="[1073,1380,223,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Gorgoniapolynoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="caeciliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DA569B808F3F03E9" box="[1073,1380,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Gorgoniapolynoe caeciliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DEF09A5B8BE6020C" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[151,445,260,285]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1985) Polynoe caeciliae Fauvel (Polynoidae), ein mit Korallen assoziierter Polychaet. Mitteilungen aus den Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 82, 31 - 35." type="journal article" year="1985">Hartmann-Schröder 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The axis of the specimen studied herein has modifications induced by this worm, although the worm was lacking.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFAFFE8DEA09A138F4B0171" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DEB49A138BE10275" box="[211,442,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Coralliopsis Perrieri</emphasis>
|
||
(Mar.)” was mentioned but poorly illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DDBF9A138EA70275" author="Filhol" box="[984,1276,332,357]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Filhol, H. (1885) La vie au fond des mers. Les explorations sous-marines et les voyages du Travailleur et du Talisman. G. Masson, Paris, 303 pp." type="book" year="1885" yearSuffix="p">Filhol (1885, p. 263, pl. 1)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from a station south of the Canary Islands at
|
||
<quantity id="DC7B1DB7FFFAFFE8DF989A3088DB0296" box="[511,640,367,392]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" unit="m" value="550.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="500.0">500–600 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. This specimen was collected during the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DAD59A308F4F0299" box="[1202,1300,367,392]" class="Ostracoda" family="Incertae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myodocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DAD59A308F4F0299" box="[1202,1300,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Talisman</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
expedition, probably in the 1883 survey. The authorship of this species is attributed to Marion (“Mar.”); however, we have been unable to find an original description or further clarifying data. A few remarks on the species were given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DB359AE88AB902E5" author="Perrier" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Perrier, E. (1891) Les explorations sous-marines. Librairie Hachette, Paris, 352 pp." type="book" year="1891">Perrier (1891)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who considered it a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DC319A82888F02E4" box="[598,724,476,501]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Hemicorallium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DC319A82888F02E4" box="[598,724,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. johnsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as did
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DD4C9A8389AB02E5" author="Kukenthal" box="[811,1008,476,501]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Kukenthal., W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich, 47, 1 - 478." type="journal article" year="1924">Kükenthal (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In a brief discussion of this specimen, the former author provided a drawing of “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DCE39AA089F80109" box="[644,931,511,536]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Pleurocorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DCE39AA089F80109" box="[644,931,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Pleurocorallium johnsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” collected from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6394F0C2FFFAFFE8DA0C995F8EB40109" box="[1131,1263,511,536]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands by the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DEF0997B8AA2012C" box="[151,249,548,573]" class="Ostracoda" family="Incertae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myodocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DEF0997B8AA2012C" box="[151,249,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Talisman</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 28, p. 73). This figure shows, however, cylindrical polyps instead of the typical low cortical mounds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DEF099178B4E0171" box="[151,277,583,608]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Pleurocorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DEF099178B4E0171" box="[151,277,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. johnsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the specimen is described as having a very thin cortex, white axis, and light-red polyps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B3CB052FFFAFFE8DEA099338E5C0029" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DEA099338BDC0194" author="Grasshoff" box="[199,391,620,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1986) Die Gorgonaria der Expeditionen von " Travailleur " 1880 - 1882 und " Talisman " 1883 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Series 4, 8 (A) 1, 9 - 38." type="journal article" year="1986">Grasshoff (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
only identified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DC26993288F90194" box="[577,674,620,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="niobe">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DC26993288F90194" box="[577,674,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. niobe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DC87993289030194" box="[736,856,620,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DC87993289030194" box="[736,856,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
when he studied the material collected during the
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DEF099D08B4801B9" box="[151,275,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Travailleur</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DF2899D08BEA01B9" box="[335,433,655,680]" class="Ostracoda" family="Incertae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myodocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DF2899D08BEA01B9" box="[335,433,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Talisman</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
expeditions. The material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DD6E99CF89DB01B9" box="[777,896,655,680]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DD6E99CF89DB01B9" box="[777,896,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
he studied was collected from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6394F0C2FFFAFFE8DB7E99CF8FC701B9" box="[1305,1436,655,680]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands, from where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DF1099EA8BAE01DC" box="[375,501,692,717]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Pleurocorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DF1099EA8BAE01DC" box="[375,501,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. johnsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was taken in abundance by the expeditions according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DA0199EB8F7701DD" author="Perrier" box="[1126,1324,692,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Perrier, E. (1891) Les explorations sous-marines. Librairie Hachette, Paris, 352 pp." type="book" year="1891">Perrier (1891: 72)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. For these reasons, although neither station from the expeditions corresponds to the coordinates given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DAB299888F3701E1" author="Filhol" box="[1237,1388,727,752]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Filhol, H. (1885) La vie au fond des mers. Les explorations sous-marines et les voyages du Travailleur et du Talisman. G. Masson, Paris, 303 pp." type="book" year="1885">Filhol (1885)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we believe that “
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DF4D99A28BF80005" box="[298,419,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. Perrieri</emphasis>
|
||
” could not be a colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DCAD99A289110004" box="[714,842,764,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Pleurocorallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="johnsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DCAD99A289110004" box="[714,842,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. johnsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as has been suggested by previous authors. It is more likely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC83CBD1FFFAFFE8DEBB987F8B140029" box="[220,335,799,824]" class="Anthozoa" family="Coralliidae" genus="Corallium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="29F76C40FFFAFFE8DEBB987F8B140029" box="[220,335,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">C. tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was first described some years later by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F12CDA3FFFAFFE8DD3198408E580029" author="Johnson" box="[854,1027,799,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" refString="Johnson, J. Y. (1898) Short diagnoses of two new species of Coralliidae from Madeira. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 2, 421 - 422." type="journal article" year="1898">Johnson (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |