174 lines
16 KiB
XML
174 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.71.789" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5926121-e45e-4312-95a8-a0aad38b2df5" ID-PMC="PMC3088449" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-71-49" ID-PubMed="21594048" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-71-49" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 71" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the genus Antepione Packard with description of the new genus Pionenta Ferris (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae)" checkinTime="1451250866218" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ferris, Clifford D." docDate="2010" docId="C1A74C7E7FB1E7E8653A14D415C9A126" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 71: 49-70" docOrigin="ZooKeys 71" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.71.789" docTitle="Pionenta ochreata Hulst 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FFFC2C54FFD6FFBD9850C02CFF96FFBC" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genus Antepione Packard with description of the new genus Pionenta Ferris (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae)" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1668165112411" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the genus Antepione Packard with description of the new genus Pionenta Ferris (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ferris, Clifford D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>71</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>49</mods:start>
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<mods:end>70</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.71.789</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.71.789</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-71-49</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159360889" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C1A74C7E7FB1E7E8653A14D415C9A126" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1A74C7E7FB1E7E8653A14D415C9A126" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName authority="Hulst, 1898" authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta ochreata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Pionenta ochreata Hulst, 1898</taxonomicName>
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Figs 34-5860
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Antepione" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antepione hewesata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewesata">Antepione hewesata</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sperry, JL" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" pagination="88 - 93" title="Southwestern geometrid notes and new species II." volume="43" year="1948">Sperry 1948</bibRefCitation>
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, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sabulodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sabulodes arizonata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonata">Sabulodes arizonata</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Taylor, GW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" pagination="130 - 131" title="Some new Geometridae from Arizona." volume="13" year="1905">Taylor 1905</bibRefCitation>
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, syn. rev.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sabulodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sabulodes dyari" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyari">Sabulodes dyari</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Grossbeck, JA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" pagination="85 - 91" title="Additions to the list of North American Geometridae with notes on some described species." volume="10" year="1908">Grossbeck 1908</bibRefCitation>
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, syn. rev.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sabulodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sabulodes ligata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligata">Sabulodes ligata</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Grossbeck, JA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" pagination="85 - 91" title="Additions to the list of North American Geometridae with notes on some described species." volume="10" year="1908">Grossbeck 1908</bibRefCitation>
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, syn. rev.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Male HT (Fig. 34), Arizona, Senator [probably Senator Mine, Yavapai Co.] [AMNH].</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Antepione" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antepione hewesata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewesata">Antepione hewesata</taxonomicName>
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female HT (Fig. 35), Arizona [Coconino Co.], Oak Creek Canyon,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Todd’s">Todd's</normalizedToken>
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Lodge, [AMNH].
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sabulodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sabulodes arizonata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonata">Sabulodes arizonata</taxonomicName>
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male HT (Fig. 38), Arizona [Cochise Co.], Huachuca Mts. [USNM].
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sabulodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sabulodes dyari" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyari">Sabulodes dyari</taxonomicName>
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male HT (Fig. 39), Arizona
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="61" start="start">[</pageBreakToken>
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Cochise Co.], Huachuca Mts. [USNM].
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Sabulodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sabulodes ligata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligata">Sabulodes ligata</taxonomicName>
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male HT (Figs 36-37), Arizona [Cochise Co.], Huachuca Mts. [USNM].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="61" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="61">135 specimens in [CDF] from Arizona and New Mexico; 61 additional specimens (some by photographs) from Arizona.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="61">As for genus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="62" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="62" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="62">General description as for genus.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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Figures 34-39.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta ochreata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Pionenta ochreata</taxonomicName>
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. 34
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta ochreata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Pionenta ochreata</taxonomicName>
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HT with pin labels (AMNH photo) 35
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta (Antepione) hewesata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hewesata" subGenus="Antepione">Pionenta (Antepione) hewesata</taxonomicName>
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HT with pin labels (AMNH photo) 36-37
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta (Sabulodes) ligata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligata" subGenus="Sabulodes">Pionenta (Sabulodes) ligata</taxonomicName>
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36 HT with pin labels 37 genitalia 38
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta (Sabulodes) arizonata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonata" subGenus="Sabulodes">Pionenta (Sabulodes) arizonata</taxonomicName>
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HT with pin labels 39
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta (Sabulodes) dyari" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dyari" subGenus="Sabulodes">Pionenta (Sabulodes) dyari</taxonomicName>
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HT with pin labels. (36-39 USNM photos).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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Figures 40-53.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta ochreata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Pionenta ochreata</taxonomicName>
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adults. 40-48 males 49-53 females.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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Figures 54-58.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta ochreata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Pionenta ochreata</taxonomicName>
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genitalia. 54-57 male genitalic capsules, adeagii removed and adeagii with vesicas everted (arrows point to deciduous setae) 58 female genitalia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Antepione" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antepione ochreata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Antepione ochreata</taxonomicName>
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has two distinct phenotypes. The male form with pale ochreous wing color and varying numbers of multiple dark patches (Figs 34, 40-43) was described as ochreata. The female described as hewesata (Figs 35, 44) is intermediate between typical ochreata and the brownish-tan phenotype without dark patches described as
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="63" start="start">ligata</pageBreakToken>
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(Figs 36, 46, 50-53) which is the usual female form based on my field experience and examination of museum material. Regarding the taxa arizonata and dyari, apparently some years ago an accident occurred with a drawer containing type specimens and they were badly damaged. Figs 38 and 39 illustrate what remains of these two specimens. Their associated genitalia slides were not damaged and the preparations agree with Figs 37, 54-57.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="63" type="biology and distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Biology and distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="63">(Fig. 60). Early stages unknown. Adults from mid-May to August in riparian canyons and dry coniferous forest to 8400' (2560m); probably more than one generation. Collection records include Arizona (Cochise, Coconino, Pima, Santa. Cruz, Yavapai), New Mexico (Grant).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
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Figure 59. Partial distribution map for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Antepione" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antepione thisoaria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thisoaria">Antepione thisoaria</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Antepione" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antepione imitata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitata">Antepione imitata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
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Figure 60. Distribution map for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta ochreata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreata">Pionenta ochreata</taxonomicName>
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(counties only).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
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Based on the male and female genitalia,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pionenta</taxonomicName>
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is closely related to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Tetracis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetracis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetracis</taxonomicName>
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. The male genitalia of both genera possess a well defined central furca. The female genitalia of both genera possess a well defined colliculum and prominent single signum. The gnathos in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pionenta</taxonomicName>
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does not have a quadrate dorso-caudal margin with two to four (occasionally five) widely separated, dorsally projecting teeth as found in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Tetracis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetracis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetracis</taxonomicName>
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(Ferris & Schmidt, 2010). Once barcoding of the North America geometrid genera has been completed, the relationship of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pionenta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionenta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pionenta</taxonomicName>
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can be established.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |