272 lines
28 KiB
XML
272 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.431.7751" ID-GBIF-Dataset="078ddd76-ef21-436f-8f0d-0d18e6531981" ID-PMC="PMC4141170" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-431-1" ID-PubMed="25152664" ID-ZBK="17B2453EF588428980ADDA52469C9CDF" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-431-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 431" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Ovabunda (Octocorallia, Xeniidae) from the Andaman Sea, Thailand with notes on the biogeography of this genus" checkinTime="1451245543146" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Janes, Michael P., McFadden, Catherine S. & Chanmethakul, Thanongsak" docDate="2014" docId="46C996D012800E2A5D527A20617412CB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 431: 1-17" docOrigin="ZooKeys 431" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.431.7751" docTitle="Ovabunda andamanensis Janes, McFadden & Chanmethakul, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="F5E7EEC2-A203-491D-8C2C-5DE90C1F2404" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="383B3020A3189852F1511963F21CFFA6" masterDocTitle="A new species of Ovabunda (Octocorallia, Xeniidae) from the Andaman Sea, Thailand with notes on the biogeography of this genus" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1668159078104" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Ovabunda (Octocorallia, Xeniidae) from the Andaman Sea, Thailand with notes on the biogeography of this genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Janes, Michael P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>McFadden, Catherine S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chanmethakul, Thanongsak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>431</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>17</mods:end>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.431.7751</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.431.7751</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-431-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">17B2453EF588428980ADDA52469C9CDF</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">17B2453EF588428980ADDA52469C9CDF</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152054795" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F5E7EEC2-A203-491D-8C2C-5DE90C1F2404" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/46C996D012800E2A5D527A20617412CB" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Taxon classification Animalia Alcyonacea Xeniidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F5E7EEC2-A203-491D-8C2C-5DE90C1F2404" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Holotype: PMBC 11860, Koh Doc Mai, Thailand,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="7.796">07°47.76'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.534836">98°32.09'E</geoCoordinate>
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, depth 8 meters, 26 September 2007 (1 colony), M. P. Janes collector. Paratypes: PMBC 11861, Koh Phi Phi, Hin Bida, Thailand,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="7.653333">07°39.20'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.76383">98°45.83'E</geoCoordinate>
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, depth 10 meters, 28 September 2007 (1 colony), M. P. Janes collector. PMBC 11862, same data as the holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">The holotype is comprised of multiple short, branched stalks sharing a common base attached to coral rock. In life, the holotype (Fig. 1a) is thickly beset with monomorphic polyps which were observed to be non-pulsatile. The tentacles are cylindrical, slender and up to 2.0 cm long (Fig. 1b). In a preserved state, the holotype consists of multiple stalks; two of the stalks are divided into two short branches (Fig. 2a). The stalks measure up to 8.0 mm tall and 5.0 mm wide at the base. A slightly convex capitulum is present at the distal end of the stalks from which moderately dense aggregations of polyps are growing. The polyp bodies are cylindrical, shrunken and measuring from their attachment at the capitulum to the base of the tentacle they are 1.5 mm long by 0.5 mm wide. Tentacles are slender, measuring up to 8.0 mm long by 0.2 mm wide with a blunt tip. There is one row of pinnules present on either side of the tentacle (Fig. 2b at arrow) with 17 to 19 pinnules in a row. The pinnules are barrel-like with a rounded tip and slight taper at the end. They measure 0.2 to 0.3 mm long by 0.1 mm wide. There is an open space on the tentacles between adjacent pinnules measuring 0.1 to 0.15 mm wide, nearly equal to their width. Zooxanthellate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Sclerites are present in all parts of the holotype. They are moderately dense in the polyps (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–b">a-b</normalizedToken>
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) and fewer are found in the basal portion of the stalk. All of the sclerites are round to slightly oval or irregularly shaped spheroids (Fig. 4a). They measure from 0.010 to 0.018 mm in diameter on average with a few sclerites as large as 0.020 mm in maximal diameter and the smallest recorded at 0.005 mm in diameter. The sclerites are comprised of numerous, minute circular to egg-shaped corpuscular microscleres that quickly disassociate when extracted from the coral tissue with sodium hypochlorite. Rarely, a second form of sclerite can be found in the polyp tissue, which contains a solid calcite core coated with microscleres (Fig. 4b). The microscleres measure from 0.00035 to 0.00060 mm in diameter. SEM imaging revealed that they have a fine, granular surface ultrastructure (Fig. 4c) when viewed under moderately high magnification (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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40,000). The ultrastructure of the surface is comprised of a series of ridges, furrows, and coarse nodules (Fig. 4d) when examined at 65,000 power. Most microscleres are intact but occasionally fractured ones are found (Fig. 4e). Broken microscleres reveal the presence of a cavity or cavities within. Further evidence of these can be seen in FIB imaging where the microsclere has been sliced longitudinally,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">demonstrating</pageBreakToken>
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the depth of the furrows (Fig. 5a) and size of cavities (Fig. 5b) when magnified at 200,000 power.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="color">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Color.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The preserved specimens are cream colored with whitish tentacles and light tan pinnules. Living colonies exhibit tan colored stalks; white polyp bodies and tentacles, and pinkish pinnules (Fig. 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–d">a-d</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The name is derived from the collection location, the Andaman Sea.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution and ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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This species was collected from Koh Doc Mai (Fig. 6) and Koh Phi Phi, Hin Bida located along the eastern coast of Phuket Island, Thailand. Colonies occur in low abundance, spaced 1-2 meters apart on small ledges of vertical walls growing among sea fans, corallimorpharians, and
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Dendronephthya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronephthya" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Dendronephthya</taxonomicName>
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sp. soft corals.
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. has also been observed in situ in the Mergui Archipelago, Myanmar (T. Chanmethakul, personal observation).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="variability">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Variability.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Both the holotype (PMBC 11860) and one paratype (PMBC 11861) were very similar in size (up to 7.0 cm in life), sclerite dimensions, exhibited non-pulsatile polyps, pinnule rows and number of pinnules per row. The other paratype (PMBC 11862) was smaller in life (Figs 1c, 2c), measuring up to 5.0 cm tall and exhibited tentacles that curved inward (Fig. 1d). It differed from the holotype in having
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">shorter</pageBreakToken>
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tentacles and two rows of 13-14 pinnules in each row (Fig. 2d) instead of one row with 17-19 pinnules.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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In comparing the morphology of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Ovabunda</pageBreakToken>
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andamanensis
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. to nominal
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Ovabunda</taxonomicName>
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species colony size, sclerite size and shape, and pinnule arrangement were examined, with the later considered a more variable diagnostic character. Among species of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Ovabunda</taxonomicName>
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described as having one or two rows of pinnules, O. arabica, O. biseriata, O. gohari, O. faraunensis and
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda verseveldti" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verseveldti">Ovabunda verseveldti</taxonomicName>
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most closely resemble
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda gohari" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gohari">Ovabunda gohari</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda verseveldti" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verseveldti">Ovabunda verseveldti</taxonomicName>
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are similar to the holotype in having primarily one row of pinnules although occasionally two rows are present in polyps of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda gohari" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gohari">Ovabunda gohari</taxonomicName>
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. The overall range of sclerite sizes is larger in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda gohari" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gohari">Ovabunda gohari</taxonomicName>
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, 0.033-0.063 mm, compared to the 0.010-0.018 mm in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., there are 18-22 pinnules in a row compared to 17-19 pinnules in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., and
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda gohari" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gohari">Ovabunda gohari</taxonomicName>
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has pinnules spaced at 2-3 times the pinnule width along the tentacles whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. pinnules are more closely set. According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Reinicke, GB" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Saudi Arabia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="5 - 62" title="Xeniidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the Red Sea, with descriptions of six new species of Xenia." volume="16" year="1997">Reinicke (1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 31)
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda gohari" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gohari">Ovabunda gohari</taxonomicName>
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sclerites are
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“…">"...</normalizedToken>
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packed between polyp bases and in the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="syndete’s">syndete's</normalizedToken>
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wall between mesenteries, giving a longitudinal whitish banding"; this feature was not observed in the Thailand material.
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda verseveldti" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verseveldti">Ovabunda verseveldti</taxonomicName>
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contains much larger sclerites (up to 0.030
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.049 mm) than were found in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and the pinnules are "densely set in each row, almost touching each other" (
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<bibRefCitation author="Halasz, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 41" title="A revision of the octocoral genus Ovabunda (Alderslade, 2001) (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Xeniidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.373.6511" volume="373" year="2013">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Halász">Halasz</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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) compared to the wider pinnule spacing in the Thailand specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The pinnule number in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda faraunensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="faraunensis">Ovabunda faraunensis</taxonomicName>
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agrees well with the 17-19 pinnules observed in the holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., however
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda faraunensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="faraunensis">Ovabunda faraunensis</taxonomicName>
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has larger sclerites (
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<bibRefCitation author="Reinicke, GB" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Saudi Arabia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="5 - 62" title="Xeniidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the Red Sea, with descriptions of six new species of Xenia." volume="16" year="1997">Reinicke 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 35). The sclerite sizes in
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda arabica" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arabica">Ovabunda arabica</taxonomicName>
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0.028-0.036 mm (
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<bibRefCitation author="Halasz, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 41" title="A revision of the octocoral genus Ovabunda (Alderslade, 2001) (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Xeniidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.373.6511" volume="373" year="2013">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Halász">Halasz</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda biseriata" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="biseriata">Ovabunda biseriata</taxonomicName>
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0.018-0.035 mm (
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<bibRefCitation author="Verseveldt, J" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="53 - 67" title="Some new species of Octocorallia from the Gulf of Eilat (Red Sea)." volume="20" year="1971">Verseveldt and Cohen 1971</bibRefCitation>
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: 60), 0.029-0.063 mm (
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<bibRefCitation author="Reinicke, GB" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Saudi Arabia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="5 - 62" title="Xeniidae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the Red Sea, with descriptions of six new species of Xenia." volume="16" year="1997">Reinicke 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 33), and
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda faraunensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="faraunensis">Ovabunda faraunensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
0.028-0.044 mm (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Halasz, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 41" title="A revision of the octocoral genus Ovabunda (Alderslade, 2001) (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Xeniidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.373.6511" volume="373" year="2013">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Halász">Halasz</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are all notably larger than the average range of 0.010-0.018 mm observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Among species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Xenia</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenia puerto-galerae" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="puerto-galerae">Xenia puerto-galerae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Roxas, 1933 most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. The holotype is described by Roxas (1933) as branched, measuring 20.0 mm tall and 8.0 mm in diameter with polyps comprised of thick tentacles that are proportionately small and "two rows of slender pointed pinnules, fifteen to seventeen in a row". The tentacles are 8.0 mm long by 1.0 mm wide at the base and pinnules measure 0.7 to 0.8 mm long by 0.2 to 0.3 mm wide. However, in the colony with two rows (PMBC 11862) in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., the stalks are smaller, 8.0 mm by 5.0 mm, the tentacles are narrower, 8.0 mm by 0.2 mm, the pinnules are smaller, 0.2 to 0.3 mm by 0.1 mm, and there are fewer pinnules (13 to 14). Most notable are the sclerites, which are described as "thin, oval discs 0.018 mm long and 0.018 to 0.0124 mm wide" in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenia puerto-galerae" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="puerto-galerae">Xenia puerto-galerae</taxonomicName>
|
||
compared to the 0.010 to 0.018 mm in diameter sphere shaped sclerites observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Unfortunately, the location of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Xenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenia puerto-galerae" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="puerto-galerae">Xenia puerto-galerae</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains unknown so a direct SEM comparison of the sclerites could not be performed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figure 1. In situ images of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. type material Holotype (PMBC 11860): a colony (smallest) b close up of polyps. Paratype (PMBC 11862): c colony (smallest) d close up of polyps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figure 2. Preserved specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Holotype (PMBC 11860): a colony b polyp. Paratype (PMBC 11862): c colony d polyp. Scale bars: a and c 10 mm; b and d 4 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figure 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Holotype (PMBC 11860) sclerites:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–b">a-b</normalizedToken>
|
||
uncoated ESEM wet mount images of tentacle sclerites in situ. Scale bars: a 0.04 mm; b 0.015 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Holotype (PMBC 11860) SEM image of coated sclerites: a whole sclerite most common form b whole sclerite least common form c microscleres from a disintegrated sclerite d surface ultrastructure of loose microscleres e fractured microscleres. Scale bars:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–b">a-b</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.020 mm; c 0.001 mm;
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d–e">d-e</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.0005mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figure 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. Holotype (PMBC 11860) sclerites: a FIB image of the surface ultrastructure of microscleres b FIB image showing interior cavities of a microsclere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figure 6. Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Ovabunda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ovabunda andamanensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="andamanensis">Ovabunda andamanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. in the Andaman Sea: 1 PMBC 11860 2 PMBC 11861 3 PMBC 11862. Circled number denotes holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |