459 lines
57 KiB
XML
459 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58186379-4e30-4b61-86d9-2e09840b74c5" ID-PMC="PMC8807577" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-189-29" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F1914072191E5943A7C6D2E58C6A2FEC" ID-PubMed="35115880" ModsDocID="1314-2003-189-29" checkinTime="1643179808981" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Long, Ji-Yan, Williams, David M., Liu, Bing, Mo, Wen-Hui & Quan, Si-Jin" docDate="2022" docId="26D05101F45C55CDAFDEC8AA9CBD0D44" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 189: 29-50" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 189" docPubDate="2022-01-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149" docTitle="Entomoneis sinensis Bing Liu & D. M. Williams 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="F1914072191E5943A7C6D2E58C6A2FEC" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="F1914072191E5943A7C6D2E58C6A2FEC" masterDocTitle="Ultrastructure of three Species of Entomoneis (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Qinghai of China, with reference to the external areola occlusions" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1668140615460" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Ultrastructure of three Species of Entomoneis (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Qinghai of China, with reference to the external areola occlusions</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Long, Ji-Yan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, David M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0584-307X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Bing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-325X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jsulb@outlook.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mo, Wen-Hui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Quan, Si-Jin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-01-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>189</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>29</mods:start>
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<mods:end>50</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-189-29</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">F1914072191E5943A7C6D2E58C6A2FEC</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="192616041" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26D05101F45C55CDAFDEC8AA9CBD0D44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26D05101F45C55CDAFDEC8AA9CBD0D44" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName LSID="26D05101-F45C-55CD-AFDE-C8AA9CBD0D44" authority="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">Entomoneis sinensis Bing Liu & D.M. Williams</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A, B two frustules, note sigmoid girdle bands C, D central parts from Fig. A and B respectively, note the 5: 2 configuration of girdle bands, i. e. five girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) to B 5, associated with epivalve (EV); two girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) and B 2, associated with hypovalve (HV) E, F two apices from Fig. A. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, B); 2 μm (C-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637937" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A one broken frustule, note the simple arcuate junction lines B-D details from Fig. A note the fused parts of two sides of the keel and the subraphe canal connecting the cell lumen only near the central (Figs B and C, arrow, respectively) and the distal raphe ending (Fig. D, arrow) E, F details from Fig. A note the short, bar-like basal fibulae (three arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637938" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-G Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., SEM A one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8 - shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side) B-D two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8 - shaped loop (labelled in Fig. D) E middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior F detail from Fig. E note the hymen strip occluding the poroid G valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10 μm (A-D); 2 μm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A-C three whole valves, note Ƨ-shaped keel outline D-F three middle parts from Figs A, B and C respectively, note two proximal raphe endings slightly dilated and a pore-like structure at the centre of central nodule (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A-C); 1 μm (D-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637941" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve internal and side views, SEM A one valve showing only one lumen (no sub-compartments present) in a cell (double-headed arrow) B middle part from Fig. A note the canal raphe communicates with the cell interior at the valve centre C, D two apices from Fig. A E, F another valve in side view, note the cell lumen. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, E); 2 μm (B-D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637942" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A-F Details of hymen and hymen strip in Entomoneis, SEM A, B details of hymen strip of Type Two from E. sinensis sp. nov., note the two rows of linear pores (Fig. A, two arrows) on either side of the two intermittent rows of rounded pores (Fig. A, wavy arrow) C, D details of hymen strip of Type One from E. qinghainensis sp. nov., note the hymen is finely perforated over both the areolae (Fig. D arrow) and the hymen strips (Fig. D, double-headed arrow) E detail of hymen strip of Type One from E. paludosa, note the hymen is finely perforated over both the areolae and the hymen strips (double-headed arrow) F detail of hymenes from E. triundulata, note the hymenes of the areolae in the girdle bands (two arrows). Scale bars: 600 nm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637949" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 14</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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Slide BM 81941, the holotype specimen circled on the slide, illustrated here as Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">1A</figureCitation>
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; isotype, slide JIU202101, illustrated here as Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">1B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-O</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., girdle view, LM
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-F</emphasis>
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six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8-shaped loops (labelled in Figs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D-F</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G-O</emphasis>
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nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
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micrograph of holotype specimen
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
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micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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China. Qinghai Province, Lake Qinghai, a sampling point near the lakeshore,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="36.842777">36°50'34" N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="99.71083">99°42'39" E</geoCoordinate>
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, 3210 m a.s.l., collected by Bing Liu, 19 July 2019.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637937" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-F</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., girdle view, SEM
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A, B</emphasis>
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two frustules, note sigmoid girdle bands
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C, D</emphasis>
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central parts from Fig.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
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respectively, note the 5:2 configuration of girdle bands, i.e. five girdle bands, B1(Valvocopula, VC) to B5, associated with epivalve (EV); two girdle bands, B1(Valvocopula, VC) and B2, associated with hypovalve (HV)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E, F</emphasis>
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two apices from Fig.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
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. Scale bars: 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A, B</emphasis>
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); 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C-F</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">LM</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">1</figureCitation>
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). Frustule panduriform in girdle view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">1A-F</figureCitation>
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). Frustule dimensions (n = 41): length 22.6-42.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, width 8.9-14.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at its centre, 14.6-19.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at its widest region. Two distinct 8-shaped loops are present in each frustule (indicated in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">1D-F</figureCitation>
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), one 8-shaped loop evident in each valve (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">1G-O</figureCitation>
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). Simple, arcuate junction line discernible in some specimens (indicated in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-O Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, LM A-F six frustules showing a size diminution series, note the distinctive 8 - shaped loops (labelled in Figs D-F) G-O nine valves showing a size diminution series, note arcuate junction line (labelled in Figs H and I) A micrograph of holotype specimen B micrograph of isotype specimen. Scale bar: 20 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637936" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">1H and I</figureCitation>
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). Costae and striae invisible under LM. Girdle bands numerous.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637938" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-F</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., girdle view, SEM
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
one broken frustule, note the simple arcuate junction lines
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B-D</emphasis>
|
||
details from Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
note the fused parts of two sides of the keel and the subraphe canal connecting the cell lumen only near the central (Figs
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
|
||
, arrow, respectively) and the distal raphe ending (Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
|
||
, arrow)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
details from Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
note the short, bar-like basal fibulae (three arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B-F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">SEM</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">girdle view</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A, B two frustules, note sigmoid girdle bands C, D central parts from Fig. A and B respectively, note the 5: 2 configuration of girdle bands, i. e. five girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) to B 5, associated with epivalve (EV); two girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) and B 2, associated with hypovalve (HV) E, F two apices from Fig. A. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, B); 2 μm (C-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637937" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">2</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-G Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., SEM A one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8 - shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side) B-D two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8 - shaped loop (labelled in Fig. D) E middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior F detail from Fig. E note the hymen strip occluding the poroid G valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10 μm (A-D); 2 μm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frustule panduriform with low keel (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A, B two frustules, note sigmoid girdle bands C, D central parts from Fig. A and B respectively, note the 5: 2 configuration of girdle bands, i. e. five girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) to B 5, associated with epivalve (EV); two girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) and B 2, associated with hypovalve (HV) E, F two apices from Fig. A. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, B); 2 μm (C-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637937" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">2A and B</figureCitation>
|
||
; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A one broken frustule, note the simple arcuate junction lines B-D details from Fig. A note the fused parts of two sides of the keel and the subraphe canal connecting the cell lumen only near the central (Figs B and C, arrow, respectively) and the distal raphe ending (Fig. D, arrow) E, F details from Fig. A note the short, bar-like basal fibulae (three arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637938" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
, indicated by fused part). Cells having a 5:2 configuration of girdle bands, i.e. five girdle bands associated with the epivalve and two associated with the hypovalve (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A, B two frustules, note sigmoid girdle bands C, D central parts from Fig. A and B respectively, note the 5: 2 configuration of girdle bands, i. e. five girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) to B 5, associated with epivalve (EV); two girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) and B 2, associated with hypovalve (HV) E, F two apices from Fig. A. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, B); 2 μm (C-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637937" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">2C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
, labelled in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A, B two frustules, note sigmoid girdle bands C, D central parts from Fig. A and B respectively, note the 5: 2 configuration of girdle bands, i. e. five girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) to B 5, associated with epivalve (EV); two girdle bands, B 1 (Valvocopula, VC) and B 2, associated with hypovalve (HV) E, F two apices from Fig. A. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, B); 2 μm (C-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637937" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">2C and D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Junction line simple, arcuate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A one broken frustule, note the simple arcuate junction lines B-D details from Fig. A note the fused parts of two sides of the keel and the subraphe canal connecting the cell lumen only near the central (Figs B and C, arrow, respectively) and the distal raphe ending (Fig. D, arrow) E, F details from Fig. A note the short, bar-like basal fibulae (three arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637938" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two sides of the keel fused so that subraphe canal connects the cell lumen only near the central ending (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A one broken frustule, note the simple arcuate junction lines B-D details from Fig. A note the fused parts of two sides of the keel and the subraphe canal connecting the cell lumen only near the central (Figs B and C, arrow, respectively) and the distal raphe ending (Fig. D, arrow) E, F details from Fig. A note the short, bar-like basal fibulae (three arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637938" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3B and C</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrow, respectively; see also Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve internal and side views, SEM A one valve showing only one lumen (no sub-compartments present) in a cell (double-headed arrow) B middle part from Fig. A note the canal raphe communicates with the cell interior at the valve centre C, D two apices from Fig. A E, F another valve in side view, note the cell lumen. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, E); 2 μm (B-D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637942" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrow) and distal raphe ending (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A one broken frustule, note the simple arcuate junction lines B-D details from Fig. A note the fused parts of two sides of the keel and the subraphe canal connecting the cell lumen only near the central (Figs B and C, arrow, respectively) and the distal raphe ending (Fig. D, arrow) E, F details from Fig. A note the short, bar-like basal fibulae (three arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637938" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrow). Short bar-like basal fibulae forming junction line (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., girdle view, SEM A one broken frustule, note the simple arcuate junction lines B-D details from Fig. A note the fused parts of two sides of the keel and the subraphe canal connecting the cell lumen only near the central (Figs B and C, arrow, respectively) and the distal raphe ending (Fig. D, arrow) E, F details from Fig. A note the short, bar-like basal fibulae (three arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637938" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3E and F</figureCitation>
|
||
, three arrows, respectively). Each pars media of valvocopula forming 8-shaped loop that is very distinct under LM (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-G Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., SEM A one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8 - shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side) B-D two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8 - shaped loop (labelled in Fig. D) E middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior F detail from Fig. E note the hymen strip occluding the poroid G valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10 μm (A-D); 2 μm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each costa extending from raphe canal to inconspicuous mantle, warts bearing on each costa (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-G Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., SEM A one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8 - shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side) B-D two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8 - shaped loop (labelled in Fig. D) E middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior F detail from Fig. E note the hymen strip occluding the poroid G valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10 μm (A-D); 2 μm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Structure of each girdle bands similar, composed of pars exterior, pars media and pars interior (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-G Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., SEM A one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8 - shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side) B-D two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8 - shaped loop (labelled in Fig. D) E middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior F detail from Fig. E note the hymen strip occluding the poroid G valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10 μm (A-D); 2 μm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pars media like a sternum, not located at the mid-line but slightly displaced towards pars interior (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-G Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., SEM A one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8 - shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side) B-D two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8 - shaped loop (labelled in Fig. D) E middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior F detail from Fig. E note the hymen strip occluding the poroid G valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10 μm (A-D); 2 μm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both pars exterior and interior composed of one row of elongate poroids and each elongate poroid consisting of two costae and a hymen strip between them (thus the elongate poroid is n-shaped), with the n-shaped poroid of pars exterior longer than that of pars interior (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A-G Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., SEM A one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8 - shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side) B-D two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8 - shaped loop (labelled in Fig. D) E middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior F detail from Fig. E note the hymen strip occluding the poroid G valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10 μm (A-D); 2 μm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4F and G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637939" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., SEM
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
one valve with associated girdle bands, note the 8-shaped loop formed by the pars media of valvocopula (the pars media indicated by arrowheads and arrows indicating the pars media on the unseen side)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B-D</emphasis>
|
||
two valves with girdle bands further showing the 8-shaped loop (labelled in Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
|
||
middle part of a valve, note the mantle and the three parts of each girdle bands: parts exterior, pars media and pars interior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
|
||
detail from Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
|
||
note the hymen strip occluding the poroid
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
|
||
valvocopula in internal view, note the broader pars exterior than pars interior and sternum-like pars media. Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
); 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E-G</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">SEM</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">valve view</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve internal and side views, SEM A one valve showing only one lumen (no sub-compartments present) in a cell (double-headed arrow) B middle part from Fig. A note the canal raphe communicates with the cell interior at the valve centre C, D two apices from Fig. A E, F another valve in side view, note the cell lumen. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, E); 2 μm (B-D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637942" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Valve linear-lanceolate, keel
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ƨ-shaped">Ƨ-shaped</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A-C three whole valves, note Ƨ-shaped keel outline D-F three middle parts from Figs A, B and C respectively, note two proximal raphe endings slightly dilated and a pore-like structure at the centre of central nodule (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A-C); 1 μm (D-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637941" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">6A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Costae mostly running from raphe canal to mantle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but some bifurcate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrow), some terminating halfway to mantle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
, short costae). Each stria included between two adjacent costae, composed of one hymen strip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
). This type of hymen strip belonging to Type Two hymen strip, which is a siliceous membrane strip perforated by two rows of elongate (linear) pores next to the transapical costae and two rows of rounded pores between these two rows of linear pores (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A-F Details of hymen and hymen strip in Entomoneis, SEM A, B details of hymen strip of Type Two from E. sinensis sp. nov., note the two rows of linear pores (Fig. A, two arrows) on either side of the two intermittent rows of rounded pores (Fig. A, wavy arrow) C, D details of hymen strip of Type One from E. qinghainensis sp. nov., note the hymen is finely perforated over both the areolae (Fig. D arrow) and the hymen strips (Fig. D, double-headed arrow) E detail of hymen strip of Type One from E. paludosa, note the hymen is finely perforated over both the areolae and the hymen strips (double-headed arrow) F detail of hymenes from E. triundulata, note the hymenes of the areolae in the girdle bands (two arrows). Scale bars: 600 nm (A-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637949" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">14A and B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mantle inconspicuous (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two total rows of separated areolae present along the raphe on both sides of the keel (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
, four wavy arrows), but do not extend to the apex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5E and F</figureCitation>
|
||
, six arrows, respectively). The hymenes occluding these separated areolae have the same structure as the hymen strip on striae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve external view, SEM A one whole valve showing the Ƨ-shaped keel outline B central part from Fig. A note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows) C, D two apices from Fig. A note the short costae (two arrows in Fig. C) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig. D) E, F details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10 μm (A); 2 μm (B-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrows). Stria density 36-43 in 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(n = 7). Two proximal raphe endings slightly dilated and a pore-like structure located at the centre of central nodule (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., external view, SEM A-C three whole valves, note Ƨ-shaped keel outline D-F three middle parts from Figs A, B and C respectively, note two proximal raphe endings slightly dilated and a pore-like structure at the centre of central nodule (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A-C); 1 μm (D-F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637941" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">6D-F</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrow, respectively). Internally, one cell bearing only one lumen, no sub-compartment present (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A-F Entomoneis sinensis sp. nov., valve internal and side views, SEM A one valve showing only one lumen (no sub-compartments present) in a cell (double-headed arrow) B middle part from Fig. A note the canal raphe communicates with the cell interior at the valve centre C, D two apices from Fig. A E, F another valve in side view, note the cell lumen. Scale bars: 10 μm (A, E); 2 μm (B-D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637942" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637940" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., valve external view, SEM
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
one whole valve showing the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ƨ-shaped">Ƨ-shaped</normalizedToken>
|
||
keel outline
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
|
||
central part from Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
note hymen strips, costae, mantle, warts, forked costa (arrow) and one separated row of rounded areolae at each side of the raphe (wavy arrows)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
two apices from Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
note the short costae (two arrows in Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
|
||
) and two costae merging into one (arrow in Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
details showing one separated row of rounded areolae terminating before the apex (six arrows, respectively). Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B-F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Named after China where the species was found (the specific locality is Lake Qinghai).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637941" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., external view, SEM
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
three whole valves, note
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ƨ-shaped">Ƨ-shaped</normalizedToken>
|
||
keel outline
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D-F</emphasis>
|
||
three middle parts from Figs
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
|
||
respectively, note two proximal raphe endings slightly dilated and a pore-like structure at the centre of central nodule (arrows). Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
); 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D-F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found on the stone surfaces in Lake Qinghai. The following environmental parameters were measured in the field. Conductivity was 16296.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
86.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μS">μS</normalizedToken>
|
||
/cm, pH was 9.14
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.01 and water temperature was 15.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.3°C. According to above data and because Lake Qinghai is a brackish water lake,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be a brackish water diatom species. So far,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. sinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only found in the type locality and is a dominant species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.189.78149.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/637942" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bing Liu & D. M. Williams" authorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Entomoneidaceae" genus="Entomoneis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entomoneis sinensis" order="Surirellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Entomoneis sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., valve internal and side views, SEM
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
one valve showing only one lumen (no sub-compartments present) in a cell (double-headed arrow)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
|
||
middle part from Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
note the canal raphe communicates with the cell interior at the valve centre
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
two apices from Fig.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A E, F</emphasis>
|
||
another valve in side view, note the cell lumen. Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A, E</emphasis>
|
||
); 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B-D, F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |