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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-203-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" ModsDocID="1314-2003-203-1" checkinTime="1659410005165" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika &amp; Kessler, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="6DE4ED6333B1E084AEBE5C2FDC64A8D5" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 203: 1-274" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 203" docPubDate="2022-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" docTitle="Polylepis longipilosa T. Boza, K. Romoleroux &amp; M. Kessler, Phytoxa 454 (2): 116. 2020" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1659410005165" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-1795</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Nature, Earth and Energy (INTE), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, Peru</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tatianaerika@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-9937</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-08-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>203</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>274</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-203-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DE4ED6333B1E084AEBE5C2FDC64A8D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DE4ED6333B1E084AEBE5C2FDC64A8D5" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
3.
<taxonomicName authority="T. Boza, K. Romoleroux &amp; M. Kessler, Phytoxa 454 (2): 116. 2020" authorityName="T. Boza, K. Romoleroux &amp; M. Kessler, Phytoxa 454 (2): 116." authorityYear="2020" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="longipilosa">Polylepis longipilosa T.Boza, K.Romoleroux &amp; M.Kessler, Phytoxa 454(2): 116. 2020</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Polylepis longipilosa T. Boza, K. Romoleroux &amp; M. Kessler. Isotype: Tipaz 35 (AAU)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721335" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Polylepis longipilosa T. Boza, K. Romoleroux &amp; M. Kessler A Flowering branch B young leaves C stipular sheaths D upper leaf surface E lower leaf surface (A Ramsay 911 B Hutel 1390 C Laegaard 54965 D, E Salgado 239 a). Scale bars: 6 cm (A); 3 cm (B, D, E). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721336" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 19</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1989-04-09" collectorName="Loma El Corazon, de Huaca, de la Colonia Huaquena" country="Ecuador" elevation="3350" latitude="0.5833333" location="Rio Minas" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-77.7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Carchi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Carchi">Carchi</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Montúfar">Montufar</normalizedToken>
,
<collectorName>
Loma El
<normalizedToken originalValue="Corazón">Corazon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bretaña">Bretana</normalizedToken>
), al sureste
<collectorName>de Huaca</collectorName>
, al este
<collectorName>
de la Colonia
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huaqueña">Huaquena</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DE4ED6333B1E084AEBE5C2FDC64A8D5:0703B7D0CC6F64979D92A4F2E3C7E88B" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.5833333" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-77.7" name="Rio Minas" stateProvince="Carchi">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Minas
</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.5833333">00°35'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.7">077°42'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" unit="m" value="3350.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" unit="m" value="3350.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3200.0">3200-3500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1989-04-09">9 Apr 1989</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tipaz 35</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: QCA!; isotypes: AAU!, MO!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721335" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis longipilosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.Boza, K.Romoleroux &amp; M.Kessler. Isotype:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tipaz 35</emphasis>
(AAU).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trees</emphasis>
5-10 m tall.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
strongly congested at the branch tips, imparipinnate with (4-)5-6 pairs of the lateral leaflets, obtrullate in outline, (3.8-)4.3-7.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.4-4.5 cm; rachises densely sericeous, points of leaflet attachment with a tuft of long, straight whitish to yellowish hairs; stipular sheaths apically truncate, densely sericeous in the upper surface; leaflets narrowly to ovate in outline, second pair from the terminal leaflet the largest, one of this pair 1.4-2.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.4-0.5 cm; margins entire to slightly crenate with 6-7 teeth, apically slightly emarginate seemingly acute by the prolongation of hairs, basally unequally cordate; upper leaflet surfaces glabrous; lower leaflet surfaces densely lanate with whitish silky hairs 1.1-1.6 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
pendant, (6.8-)11.1-16.6 cm long, bearing 19-29 flowers; floral bracts 6.1-9.4 mm long, narrowly triangular, glabrous on the outer surface; rachises densely sericeous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
4.8-5.5 mm diam.; sepals 4, ovate, green, glabrous outside; stamens 8-10, anthers orbicular, with a dense tuft of straight white hairs on the upper half; styles fimbriate, 1.6-2.0 mm long.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
turbinate, with variable numbers and placement of flattened spines, densely sericeous; 3.9-6.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.3-7.5 mm including spines.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diploid</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721336" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis longipilosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.Boza, K.Romoleroux &amp; M.Kessler
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Flowering branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
young leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
stipular sheaths
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
upper leaf surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
lower leaf surface (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ramsay 911</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hutel 1390</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laegaard 54965</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salgado 239a</emphasis>
). Scale bars: 6 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 3 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D, E</emphasis>
). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution, habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis longipilosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to north-western Ecuador (Carchi) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Geographical distribution of the species of the subsections Lanuginosae, Pauta and Pepea." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721341" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
). It is highly likely that the species also occurs in adjacent Colombia. It grows in humid
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
habitats at 3200-3900 m elevation where it often co-occurs with
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it hybridizes (
<bibRefCitation author="Romoleroux, K" editor="Harling, G" journalOrPublisher="Goeteborg / Stockholm / Quito" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 159" refId="B275" refString="Romoleroux, K, 1996. Rosaceae 79. In: Harling, G, Andersson, L, Eds., Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg/ Riksmuseum/ Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador. Goeteborg/Stockholm/Quito 56: 1 - 159" title="Rosaceae 79." volume="56" volumeTitle="Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg / Riksmuseum / Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador." year="1996">Romoleroux 1996</bibRefCitation>
). It grows in mixed forest with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Espeletia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Espeletia pycnophylla" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pycnophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Espeletia pycnophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Weinmannia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Weinmannia" order="Oxalidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weinmannia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Oreopanax" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreopanax" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oreopanax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<bibRefCitation author="Boada, C" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Boada, C, Buitron, G, Salgado, S, Tobar, C, 2008. Composicion y Diversidad de la Flora y la Fauna en Cuatro Localidades de la Provincia del Carchi dentro del Area de intervencion del proyecto GISRENA: Una vision general. In: Boada C, Campana J (Eds) Composicion y diversidad de la flora y la fauna en cuatro localidades en la provincia del Carchi. Un reporte de las evaluaciones ecologicas rapidas. EcoCiencia y GPC, Quito." title="Composicion y Diversidad de la Flora y la Fauna en Cuatro Localidades de la Provincia del Carchi dentro del Area de intervencion del proyecto GISRENA: Una vision general. In: Boada C, Campana J (Eds) Composicion y diversidad de la flora y la fauna en cuatro localidades en la provincia del Carchi. Un reporte de las evaluaciones ecologicas rapidas. EcoCiencia y GPC, Quito." year="2008">Boada et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The EOO for
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis longipilosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is estimated as 17,689 km2, the AOO is assessed at 60 km2 and it is known from eight locations. It occurs in Reserva
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
El Angel. However, the Andean Forest and
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramos">paramos</normalizedToken>
at Carchi have, in recent years, come under increasing threat from timber cutting and forest burning and advancement of the agricultural frontier, which has contributed to the fragmentation and destruction of high Andean ecosystems (
<bibRefCitation author="Boada, C" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B31" refString="Boada, C, Buitron, G, Salgado, S, Tobar, C, 2008. Composicion y Diversidad de la Flora y la Fauna en Cuatro Localidades de la Provincia del Carchi dentro del Area de intervencion del proyecto GISRENA: Una vision general. In: Boada C, Campana J (Eds) Composicion y diversidad de la flora y la fauna en cuatro localidades en la provincia del Carchi. Un reporte de las evaluaciones ecologicas rapidas. EcoCiencia y GPC, Quito." title="Composicion y Diversidad de la Flora y la Fauna en Cuatro Localidades de la Provincia del Carchi dentro del Area de intervencion del proyecto GISRENA: Una vision general. In: Boada C, Campana J (Eds) Composicion y diversidad de la flora y la fauna en cuatro localidades en la provincia del Carchi. Un reporte de las evaluaciones ecologicas rapidas. EcoCiencia y GPC, Quito." year="2008">Boada et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
). Based on its degraded and fragmented distribution, we assess
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Critically Endangered (A2a, B1a+B2a, C1+C2a).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The populations of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Carchi on the southern slopes of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
Chiles and on the road between Maldonado and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tulcán">Tulcan</normalizedToken>
have previously been identified either as
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" author="Simpson, BB" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 62" refId="B306" refString="Simpson, BB, 1979. A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 43 (43): 1 - 62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" title="A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" volume="43" year="1979">Simpson 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Romoleroux, K" editor="Harling, G" journalOrPublisher="Goeteborg / Stockholm / Quito" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 159" refId="B275" refString="Romoleroux, K, 1996. Rosaceae 79. In: Harling, G, Andersson, L, Eds., Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg/ Riksmuseum/ Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador. Goeteborg/Stockholm/Quito 56: 1 - 159" title="Rosaceae 79." volume="56" volumeTitle="Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg / Riksmuseum / Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador." year="1996">Romoleroux 1996</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Romoleroux, K" editor="Harling, G" journalOrPublisher="Goeteborg / Stockholm / Quito" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 159" refId="B275" refString="Romoleroux, K, 1996. Rosaceae 79. In: Harling, G, Andersson, L, Eds., Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg/ Riksmuseum/ Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador. Goeteborg/Stockholm/Quito 56: 1 - 159" title="Rosaceae 79." volume="56" volumeTitle="Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg / Riksmuseum / Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador." year="1996">Romoleroux 1996</bibRefCitation>
). Here, we treat it as a distinct species which is morphologically closest to
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The most obvious differences between
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and these species are its longer (1.1-1.6 mm), densely lanate hairs compared to the shorter (0.3-0.5 mm), densely sericeous hairs of
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and relatively short (0.4-0.9 mm), sparsely sericeous hairs of
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the hairs of
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are concentrated on the leaflet veins (as is also the case in
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), whereas in
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the hairs are generally evenly distributed.
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis longipilosa" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from the other two species by the leaflet apex, with
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having acute or rarely emarginate leaflet apices, whereas
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have always emarginate leaflet apices. Additionally,
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter styles (1.6-2.0 mm), whereas
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have styles 2.1-2.6 mm and 2.2-3.0 mm long, respectively.
<bibRefCitation author="Romoleroux, K" editor="Harling, G" journalOrPublisher="Goeteborg / Stockholm / Quito" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 159" refId="B275" refString="Romoleroux, K, 1996. Rosaceae 79. In: Harling, G, Andersson, L, Eds., Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg/ Riksmuseum/ Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador. Goeteborg/Stockholm/Quito 56: 1 - 159" title="Rosaceae 79." volume="56" volumeTitle="Flora of Ecuador. University of Gothenburg / Riksmuseum / Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador." year="1996">Romoleroux (1996)</bibRefCitation>
reported hybrids between
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
There are three distinctive collections of the
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">P. pauta</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis sericea" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="sericea">Polylepis sericea</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
complexes that
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.2.3" author="Boza Espinoza, TE" journalOrPublisher="Phytoxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="111 - 126" refId="B34" refString="Boza Espinoza, TE, Romoleroux, K, Kessler, M, 2020a. Three new spcies of Polylepis (Rosaceae) from Ecuador. Phytoxa 454 (2): 111 - 126, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.2.3" title="Three new spcies of Polylepis (Rosaceae) from Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.2.3" volume="454" year="2020 a">Boza Espinoza et al. (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
were unable to assign to species: Loja, Cerro Chinchilla,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. Jaramillo 7312B</emphasis>
, AAU!, QCA!; Pichincha, Laguna Mojanda,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brandbyge 42200</emphasis>
, AAU!, MO!, NY, QCA! and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molau 2294</emphasis>
, AAU!, GB, QCA!. These collections resemble
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. longipilosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longipilosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. longipilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but have different leaflet shape (obovate vs. ovate) with serrate margins (vs. entire to slightly crenate), longer lower leaflet surface hairs (1.5-1.8 mm vs. 1.1-1.6 mm) and longer styles (2.7-3.0 mm vs. 1.6-2.0 mm). Despite targeted fieldwork at both collecting localities, we have been unable to study this form in the field. The specimens at Mojanda were collected in a well-known hybrid zone and although they are not simply intermediate between the potential parent species (
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. incana" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="incana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. incana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) so that they cannot simply be interpreted as hybrids, it is possible that some unique gene combinations in hybrids might lead to morphotypes that fall outside of the morphological range of the parent taxa. In Loja, the situation is somewhat different, because the only species present there is
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. loxensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="loxensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. loxensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, so that a hybrid origin is less likely, although in a wind-pollinated genus, such as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, pollen dispersal might conceivably take place over long distances. Should these collections represent one or even two separate species, then, on present knowledge, they would be very rare or even on the verge of extinction.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1985-08-16" collectingDateMax="2007-09-18" collectingDateMin="1985-08-16" collectorName="de Tufino, Freire, Andersen, Sklenar, Kosteckova, Palacios, Rubio, Ramsay, Tufino, Huttel, San Gabriel-Shutan, Jaramillo-Asanza, La Esperanza, de El Artezon, Monte Redondo" country="Ecuador" county="Tulcan" elevation="3900" latitude="0.81666666" location="Maldonado" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-77.95" municipality="Tulcan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Carchi">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Carchi">Carchi</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tulcán">
<collectingCounty>Tulcan</collectingCounty>
</normalizedToken>
, carretera
<normalizedToken originalValue="Túlcan-Tufiño-Maldonado-Chical">Tulcan-Tufino-Maldonado-Chical</normalizedToken>
col. en km 12
<collectorName>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tufiño">Tufino</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
, cerca de las lagunas,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.8">00°48'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.916664">077°55'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1993-04-23">23 April 1993</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Freire</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Andersen</collectorName>
2547
</emphasis>
(AAU!); road
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tulcán-Maldonado">Tulcan-Maldonado</normalizedToken>
, near
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
Chiles,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.8">00°48'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.933334">077°56'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.925" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.85" unit="m" value="3925.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3850.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.925" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.85" unit="m" value="3925.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3850.0">3850-4000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1985-08-16">16 August 1985</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Laegaard 54965</emphasis>
(AAU!, MO!, QCA!),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54967A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54967B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54967C</emphasis>
(AAU!),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54967D</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54967E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54967F</emphasis>
(AAU!, QCA!); along the road from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tulcán">
<collectingMunicipality>Tulcan</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
Chiles,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1995-10-06">6 October1995</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sklenár">
<collectorName>Sklenar</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<collectorName>Kosteckova</collectorName>
1412A
</emphasis>
(QCA!); camino
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tufiño">Tufino</normalizedToken>
, sitio Agua Hediondas, en la base del
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
Chiles,
<normalizedToken originalValue="límite">limite</normalizedToken>
con Colombia,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.8">00°48'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.9">077°54'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1993-11-08">8 November 1993</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palacios 11847</emphasis>
(AAU!, MO!, QCNE); carretera
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Tulcan" secondLocation="Maldonado">
entre
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tulcán">Tulcan</normalizedToken>
y Maldonado
</locationDeviation>
, faldas del
<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
Chiles, punto
<normalizedToken originalValue="más">mas</normalizedToken>
alto del cruce de carretera,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.75">00°45'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.98333">077°59'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">3800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1991-05-19">19 May 1991</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Palacios</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Rubio</collectorName>
7349
</emphasis>
(AAU!, MO!); southern slopes of Volcan Chiles,
<geoCoordinate degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.81666666">00°49'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.95">077°57'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Ramsay</collectorName>
911
</emphasis>
(QCA!, QCNE); route
<collectorName>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tufiño">Tufino</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
a
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DE4ED6333B1E084AEBE5C2FDC64A8D5:999269F0A5CAA46D6EBC54768AA5BF35" country="Ecuador" county="Tulcan" latitude="0.81666666" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-77.95" municipality="Tulcan" name="Maldonado" stateProvince="Carchi">Maldonado</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
<normalizedToken originalValue="après">apres</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tufiño">
<collectorName>Tufino</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
, zone
<normalizedToken originalValue="très">tres</normalizedToken>
humide,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" unit="m" value="3850.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" unit="m" value="3850.0">3850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1988-07-06">06 July 1988</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Huttel</collectorName>
1390
</emphasis>
(QCA!); carretera
<collectorName>
San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gabriel-Shután">Gabriel-Shutan</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
alto,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1989-03-25">25 March 1989</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Jaramillo-Asanza</collectorName>
10862
</emphasis>
(QCA!); comuna
<collectorName>La Esperanza</collectorName>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>
de El
<normalizedToken originalValue="Artezón">Artezon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
, sector
<collectorName>Monte Redondo</collectorName>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.789" unit="m" value="3789.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.789" unit="m" value="3789.0">3789 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2007-09-18">18 September 2007</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salgado 220B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">239A</emphasis>
(QCA!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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