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<document id="D3FF9918D9DDFCC7FBE97FE93B5C1F76" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.22" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c3c2833b-50f1-4395-b051-13cb324b20a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="235906" ID-ZooBank="88F2DB05-58C4-4726-89D5-99302FABB908" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461266665906" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Radashevsky, Vasily I." docDate="2015" docId="5E51D737FFC0FFBDFF4AA1A61B36FABB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04019p694.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4019 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Prionospio lylei Radashevsky, 2015, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="666" masterDocId="A268AF4FFFDDFFA2FFDDA13E1870FFB6" masterDocTitle="Spionidae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: the genera Aonides, Dipolydora, Polydorella, Prionospio, Pseudopolydora, Rhynchospio, and Tripolydora" masterLastPageNumber="694" masterPageNumber="635" pageNumber="664" updateTime="1698610599341" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="79B937831C8C334CD2A2A8C98D0791A5">Spionidae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: the genera Aonides, Dipolydora, Polydorella, Prionospio, Pseudopolydora, Rhynchospio, and Tripolydora</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="816815BD6A6DFC9A1984681C9BE583D9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="576FA187CC315A013092D8699F7806DE">Radashevsky, Vasily I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9D66B5EC188785B5547D5869A66AC659">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="5E51D737FFC0FFBDFF4AA1A61B36FABB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658174" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119637789" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658174" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E51D737FFC0FFBDFF4AA1A61B36FABB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E51D737FFC0FFBDFF4AA1A61B36FABB" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="666" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFC0FFBFFF4AA1A61957FF65" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC0FFBFFF4AA1A619EEFF04" blockId="29.[151,414,152,211]" box="[151,414,152,178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
<heading id="8D0FD14DFFC0FFBFFF4AA1A619EEFF04" bold="true" box="[151,414,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC0FFBFFF4AA1A619EEFF04" bold="true" box="[151,414,152,178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC0FFBFFF4AA1A61925FF04" ID-CoL="6W8DC" box="[151,341,152,178]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC0FFBFFF4AA1A61925FF04" bold="true" box="[151,341,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">Prionospio lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC0FFBFFE81A1A619EEFF04" box="[348,414,152,178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC0FFBFFF4AA1841957FF65" blockId="29.[151,414,152,211]" box="[151,295,186,211]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
(
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC0FFBFFF42A1841885FF65" box="[159,245,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A, C—AM W. 45261; B—AM W. 45262. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view; C. Posterior end, dorsal view. Scale bars: A C— 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235924/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">Figs 18</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC0FFBFFEDCA185196EFF65" box="[257,286,187,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,969,991]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,193,947]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[226,1360,193,948]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A—AM W. 45263 (paratype); B E—AM W. 45260 (holotype). A. Anterior end, left lateral view; B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 10; D. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 16; E. Multidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235925/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">19</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFC0FFBDFF4AA03C1C6CFDAE" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="666" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC0FFBFFF4AA03C1D4CFE89" blockId="29.[151,1437,258,715]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC0FFBFFF4AA03C1997FEAD" bold="true" box="[151,487,258,283]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFC0FFBFFF4AA03C18A2FEAD" box="[151,210,258,283]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">Type</typeStatus>
material. Queensland:
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFC0FFBFFE2DA03C1A2DFEAD" box="[496,605,258,283]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: AM W.45260, MI QLD 2365.
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFC0FFBFFC11A03D1C4EFEAD" box="[972,1086,259,283]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: AM W.45263, MI QLD 2410 (1); AM W.45264, MI QLD 2440 (1); AM W.45261, MI QLD 2379 (2); AM W.45262, MI QLD 2382 (1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC0FFBFFF1AA0741D28FD7D" blockId="29.[151,1437,258,715]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC0FFBFFF1AA07419DCFED5" bold="true" box="[199,428,330,355]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">Adult morphology.</emphasis>
Largest complete individual,
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFC0FFBFFCD7A0741B1FFED5" box="[778,879,330,355]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFC0FFBFFCA3A0751BA0FED4" box="[894,976,331,355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFC0FFBFFBC3A0741CF6FED4" box="[1054,1158,330,355]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
wide for 60 chaetigers. Pigmentation in life absent. Prostomium round anteriorly, extending posteriorly to end of chaetiger 1 as a prominent caruncle. Three small knobs with short non-motile sensory cilia present on frontal and fronto-lateral edges of prostomium. Occipital antenna absent. Two pairs of red eyes arranged trapezoidally comprising one pair of median eyes and one pair of lateral eyes situated anteriorly and set wider apart; median eyes small in small worms and very large, crescent-shaped in large individuals (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC0FFBFFCE4A0C01BFDFDA1" box="[825,909,510,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A, C—AM W. 45261; B—AM W. 45262. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view; C. Posterior end, dorsal view. Scale bars: A C— 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235924/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">Figs 18</figureCitation>
A, B, 19A, B). Nuchal organs U-shaped ciliary bands on lateral sides of caruncle. Posterior dorsal parts of peristomium fused to notopodial lamellae of chaetiger 1 forming moderate elevated ear-shaped structures. Palps as long as 510 chaetigers, with longitudinal frontal groove lined with fine cilia, short transverse bands of cilia regularly arranged on inner surface, and narrow longitudinal band of cilia running on outer fronto-lateral side along frontal groove on distal half of palp; cilia of transverse bands beating towards the distal end of palp, while cilia of longitudinal band beating towards frontal groove.
</paragraph>
<caption id="828736A9FFC0FFBFFF4AA7601BE3F924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235924/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" targetBox="[226,1360,767,1608]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC0FFBFFF4AA7601BE3F924" blockId="29.[151,1436,1630,1682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC0FFBFFF4AA7601951F9C2" bold="true" box="[151,289,1630,1652]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC0FFBFFEF4A76119BDF9C2" box="[297,461,1630,1652]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC0FFBFFEF4A76119BDF9C2" box="[297,461,1630,1652]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">Prionospio lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC0FFBFFE09A7611A7DF9C2" box="[468,525,1631,1652]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A, C—AM W.45261; B—AM W.45262. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view; C. Posterior end, dorsal view. Scale bars: AC—50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC0FFBFFF1AA7DD1B7FF806" blockId="29.[151,1436,1763,1968]" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">
Chaetiger 1 with short capillaries and small postchaetal lamellae in both rami; notopodial lamellae fused to posterior dorsal parts of peristomium forming elevated ear-shaped structures; neuropodial postchaetal lamellae oval. Notopodial lamellae of chaetigers 35 largest, triangular, gradually becoming smaller and rounded on succeeding chaetigers. Lower part of neuropodial postchaetal lamellae of chaetiger 2 acuminate and elongated ventrally. Neuropodial lamellae of chaetiger 3 trapezoidal, from chaetiger 4 onwards rounded, semicircular, diminishing in size on succeeding chaetigers (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC0FFBFFD47A6A91A9CF806" box="[666,748,1943,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,969,991]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,193,947]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[226,1360,193,948]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A—AM W. 45263 (paratype); B E—AM W. 45260 (holotype). A. Anterior end, left lateral view; B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 10; D. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 16; E. Multidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235925/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="664">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<caption id="828736A9FFC3FFBCFF4AA2F71BC2FBAA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235925/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="665" targetBox="[226,1360,193,947]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC3FFBCFF4AA2F71BC2FBAA" blockId="30.[151,1435,969,1052]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC3FFBCFF4AA2F7196FFC69" bold="true" box="[151,287,969,991]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC3FFBCFEF8A2F419B8FC69" box="[293,456,969,991]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="30" pageNumber="665" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC3FFBCFEF8A2F419B8FC69" box="[293,456,969,991]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">Prionospio lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC3FFBCFE13A2F41A75FC69" box="[462,517,970,991]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A—AM W.45263 (paratype); BE—AM W.45260 (holotype). A. Anterior end, left lateral view; B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 10; D. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 16; E. Multidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 10.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC3FFBCFF1AA5531DF4FB78" blockId="30.[151,1437,1133,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">
Dorsal crest on chaetiger 7 high (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC3FFBCFDE7A5531AFFFB30" box="[570,655,1133,1158]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A, C—AM W. 45261; B—AM W. 45262. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view; C. Posterior end, dorsal view. Scale bars: A C— 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235924/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">Figs 18</figureCitation>
A, 19A, B); notopodial postchaetal lamellae on succeeding chaetigers extended towards dorsal midline but not joined to form crests; low dorsal folds present from chaetiger 8 on 46 succeeding chaetigers in some individuals (on chaetiger
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFC3FFBCFCD2A5881B4AFB78" box="[783,826,1205,1230]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="30" pageNumber="665" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFC3FFBCFC9CA58B1BD8FB78" box="[833,936,1205,1230]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Lateral pouches and ventral flaps absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC3FFBCFF1AA5E719B5FAE8" blockId="30.[151,1437,1133,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">
Sabre chaetae in neuropodia from chaetiger 10, usually one, occasionally two in a group in first two-three neuropodia, thick, robust, with narrow limbation and fine granulation on distal end of shaft; chaetae largest in chaetiger 10, gradually diminishing in size on succeeding chaetigers towards midbody (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC3FFBCFB67A41F1D63FA8F" box="[1210,1299,1313,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,969,991]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,193,947]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[226,1360,193,948]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A—AM W. 45263 (paratype); B E—AM W. 45260 (holotype). A. Anterior end, left lateral view; B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 10; D. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 16; E. Multidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235925/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
C, D), then gradually increasing again.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC3FFBCFF1AA4571D44F9A7" blockId="30.[151,1437,1133,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">
Hooks in notopodia from chaetigers 2238, up to five in a series among capillaries. Hooks in neuropodia from chaetigers 1112, up to nine in a series, accompanied by inferior sabre chaetae and alternating capillaries throughout. Alternating capillaries 22.5 times as long as hooks, in anterior chaetigers slender, with narrow limbation, in posterior chaetigers hair-like, alimbate. Hooks multidentate, with 45 pairs of thin upper teeth arranged in two vertical rows above main fang, with inner and outer hoods; shaft slightly bent (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC3FFBCFB1FA4C71D63F9A7" box="[1218,1299,1529,1554]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="30.[151,250,969,991]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,193,947]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[226,1360,193,948]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 19. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A—AM W. 45263 (paratype); B E—AM W. 45260 (holotype). A. Anterior end, left lateral view; B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 10; D. Sabre chaeta from neuropodium of chaetiger 16; E. Multidentate hooded hook from neuropodium of chaetiger 10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235925/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
E).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC3FFBCFF1AA7201AE4F884" blockId="30.[151,1437,1133,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">
Four pairs of branchiae on chaetigers 25 (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC3FFBCFD65A7231B7FF980" box="[696,783,1565,1590]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A, C—AM W. 45261; B—AM W. 45262. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view; C. Posterior end, dorsal view. Scale bars: A C— 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235924/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">Figs 18</figureCitation>
A, 19A, B). Branchiae on chaetigers 2 and 5 cylindrical, similar in length to each other or chaetiger 5 pair longer, up to three times as long as notopodial lamellae. Branchiae of chaetiger 2 with 12 pairs of short pinnae (1 pair in
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFC3FFBCFCF3A75B1BE4F9C8" box="[814,916,1637,1662]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), apinnate in some individuals; branchiae of chaetiger 5 with 14 pairs of digitiform pinnae on low part (three pairs in
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFC3FFBCFC0CA7B71C48F914" box="[977,1080,1673,1698]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Branchiae on chaetigers 3 and 4 apinnate, robust, flattened, with surface oriented perpendicular to body axis, similar in length or slightly longer than notopodial lamellae. Longitudinal bands of cilia running on inner and outer edges on each branchia; ciliation heavier on branchiae on chaetigers 3 and 4. Afferent and efferent blood vessels interconnected by numerous radial capillaries making also loops inside pinnules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC3FFBCFF1AA6031A94F8CC" blockId="30.[151,1437,1133,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">Nototrochs on chaetigers 25. Dorso-lateral longitudinal ciliation present on chaetigers 36 as short bands of dense cilia extending between successive notopodia.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC3FFBCFF1AA6BB1963F877" blockId="30.[151,1437,1133,1986]" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">
Pygidium with long thin, transparent middorsal cirrus and one pair of short, thick and yellowish ventral cirri (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFC3FFBCFF42A6971881F877" box="[159,241,1961,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[226,1360,767,1608]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 18. Prionospio lylei n. sp. A, C—AM W. 45261; B—AM W. 45262. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Anterior end, dorso-lateral view; C. Posterior end, dorsal view. Scale bars: A C— 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235924/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="665">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA1A91B0BFF63" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Oesophagus extending through 67 anterior chaetigers. Ventral buccal bulb below oesophagus extending to end of chaetiger 1. Gizzard-like structure in digestive tract absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA1E11911FEF6" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Main dorsal vessel transformed into gut sinus in anterior part of midgut. Soft heart body up to 40 µm in diameter present in main dorsal vessel from level of chaetigers 34 to chaetigers 89. Blood red, without globules or other elements.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA0721ACBFED3" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,699,332,357]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Nephridia in chaetigers 46, greenish in life.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA0511C6CFDAE" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFF1AA0511903FE3E" bold="true" box="[199,371,367,392]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Reproduction.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFEA0A04F1A45FE3E" box="[381,565,367,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFEA0A04F1A45FE3E" box="[381,565,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Prionospio lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC2FFBDFD9CA04E1AF1FE31" box="[577,641,368,391]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is gonochoristic. Both in females and males gametes develop from chaetiger 11 to chaetigers 5055. Oogenesis is intraovarian. Vitellogenic oocytes develop in ovaries attached to segmental blood vessels. Spermatogonia proliferate in testes; spermatogenesis occurs in the coelomic cavity. Spermatids are joined in tetrads. Spermatozoa are ect-aquasperm with small acrosome, spherical nucleus 23 µm in diameter, spherical mitochondria probably four in number, and a long flagellum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFC2FFBDFF1AA31A1B4AFBCA" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA31A1B4AFBCA" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFF1AA31A194BFD8B" bold="true" box="[199,315,548,573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFE9FA31B1986FD8B" box="[322,502,548,573]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFE9FA31B1986FD8B" box="[322,502,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Prionospio lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC2FFBDFE23A31B1A4BFD8A" box="[510,571,549,572]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFD35A31B1B0FFD8A" box="[744,895,549,572]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="steenstrupi">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFD35A31B1B0FFD8A" box="[744,895,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. steenstrupi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (see above Remarks for
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFB3FA31B1D3FFD8A" box="[1250,1359,549,572]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anneae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFB3FA31B1D3FFD8A" box="[1250,1359,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. anneae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC2FFBDFA8BA31B1DE3FD8A" box="[1366,1427,548,572]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) and is characterized by short caruncle extending to the end of chaetiger 1, large median eyes, dorsal crest only on chaetiger 7, hooks beginning in neuropodia from chaetigers 1112 and in notopodia from chaetigers 2238, and sabre chaetae in neuropodia invariably from chaetiger 10. Most members of the group have the caruncle extending to the end of chaetiger 2 or longer. Short caruncles extend to the end of chaetiger
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFC2FFBDFBFCA38A1C3BFD7B" box="[1057,1099,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFB8FA38B1D0CFD7A" authority="Soderstrom, 1920" authorityName="Soderstrom" authorityYear="1920" box="[1106,1404,692,717]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFB8FA38B1CDDFD7B" box="[1106,1197,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. fallax</emphasis>
Söderström, 1920
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFA5AA38B1927FD46" authority="Day, 1961" authorityName="Day" authorityYear="1961" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFA5AA38B18A7FD46" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. dubia</emphasis>
Day, 1961
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFEB8A3E71AD7FD46" authority="Fauchald, 1972" authorityName="Fauchald" authorityYear="1972" box="[357,679,727,752]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anuncata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFEB8A3E7199BFD46" box="[357,491,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. anuncata</emphasis>
Fauchald, 1972
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFD69A3E71C52FD46" authority="Imajima, 1990" authorityName="Imajima" authorityYear="1990" box="[692,1058,727,752]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="membranacea">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFD69A3E71B01FD46" box="[692,881,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. membranacea</emphasis>
Imajima, 1990
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFBF2A3E71D0AFD46" authority="Imajima, 1990" authorityName="Imajima" authorityYear="1990" box="[1071,1402,727,752]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="oshimensis">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFBF2A3E71CB8FD46" box="[1071,1224,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. oshimensis</emphasis>
Imajima, 1990
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFA5AA3E719C7FCA2" authority="Imajima, 1990" authorityName="Imajima" authorityYear="1990" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="variegata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFA5AA3E71973FCA2" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. variegata</emphasis>
Imajima, 1990
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFE24A3C31C5BFCA2" authority="Hylleberg &amp; Nateewathana, 1991" authorityName="Hylleberg &amp; Nateewathana" authorityYear="1991" box="[505,1067,764,789]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="phuketensis">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFE24A3C31AEBFCA3" box="[505,667,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. phuketensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFC2FFBDFD78A3C21C5BFCA2" author="Hylleberg" box="[677,1067,764,789]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" refString="Hylleberg, J. &amp; Nateewathana, A. (1991) Polychaetes of Thailand. Spionidae (Part 1); Prionospio of the steenstrupi group with description of eight new species from the Andaman Sea. Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin, 55, 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1991">Hylleberg &amp; Nateewathana, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Of these, only
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFB37A3C31D39FCA3" box="[1258,1353,764,789]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFB37A3C31D39FCA3" box="[1258,1353,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFA5AA3C31946FC8E" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="membranacea">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFA5AA3C31946FC8E" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. membranacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have single prominent dorsal crest on chaetiger 7. These two species also have large median eyes, ventrally pointed and elongated neuropodial lamellae on chaetiger 2, and sabre chaetae in neuropodia from chaetiger 10.
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFEF3A2571992FC36" box="[302,482,871,896]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFEF3A2571992FC36" box="[302,482,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Prionospio lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC2FFBDFE34A2561A55FCC9" box="[489,549,872,895]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFD64A2571B03FC36" box="[697,883,871,896]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="membranacea">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFD64A2571B03FC36" box="[697,883,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. membranacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that adults of the latter species have numerous pinnae on the pinnate branchiae, and hooks beginning in neuropodia from chaetigers 1316 and in notopodia from chaetigers 4951.
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFEB5A28F1A6DFC7E" box="[360,541,943,968]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFEB5A28F1A6DFC7E" box="[360,541,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Prionospio lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC2FFBDFDFAA28E1A15FC71" box="[551,613,944,967]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
appears most similar to
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFC5FA28F1B90FC7E" box="[898,992,943,968]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFC5FA28F1B90FC7E" box="[898,992,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
where adults have hooks beginning in neuropodia from chaetigers 1013 and in notopodia from chaetigers 1845. It differs, however, from the latter by having fewer numbers of pinnae on the branchiae. Remarkably,
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFCBBA2C71BB2FBA6" box="[870,962,1015,1040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFCBBA2C71BB2FBA6" box="[870,962,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFC2FFBDFAFDA2C91D09FBA6" box="[1312,1401,1015,1040]" name="Sweden" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Sweden</collectingCountry>
by Söderström (1920) (redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFC2FFBDFDEDA5221BFFFB82" author="Sigvaldadottir" box="[560,911,1052,1077]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" refString="Sigvaldadottir, E. &amp; Mackie, A. S. Y. (1993) Prionospio steenstrupi, P. fallax and P. dubia (Polychaeta, Spionidae): reevaluation of identity and status. Sarsia, 78, 203 - 219." type="journal article" year="1993">Sigvaldadóttir &amp; Mackie 1993</bibRefCitation>
) and later reported from
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFC2FFBDFB6AA5221D6EFB83" box="[1207,1310,1052,1077]" name="Australia" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Australia</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFC2FFBDFA93A523192DFBEE" author="Day" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" refString="Day, J. H. &amp; Hutchings, P. A. (1979) An annotated check-list of Australian and New Zealand Polychaeta, Archiannelida and Myzostomida. Records of the Australian Museum, 32, 80 - 161. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.32.1979.203" type="journal article" year="1979">Day &amp; Hutchings (1979)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFC2FFBDFEB4A5011AEAFBEE" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[361,666,1087,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1979) Teil 2. Die Polychaeten der tropischen Nordwestkuste Australiens (zwischen Derby im Norden und Port Hedland im Suden). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 76, 77 - 218." type="journal article" year="1979">Hartmann-Schröder (1979)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFC2FFBDFD08A5011C79FBEE" author="Hutchings" box="[725,1033,1087,1112]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" refString="Hutchings, P. &amp; Rainer, S. (1979) The polychaete fauna of Careel Bay, Pittwater, New South Wales, Australia. Journal of Natural History, London, 13, 745 - 796. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937900770561" type="journal article" year="1979">Hutchings &amp; Rainer (1979)</bibRefCitation>
. These records should be verified to confirm the presence of the species in the Australian waters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFC2FFBDFF1AA5B91CFDFB5E" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA5B91C90FB73" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFF1AA5B9193EFB16" bold="true" box="[199,334,1159,1184]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named in honour of Dr Lyle Vail, a co-director (with his wife Dr Anne Hoggett) of the Lizard
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFC2FFBDFECDA5921924FB73" box="[272,340,1196,1221]" name="Iceland" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Island</collectingCountry>
Research Station, an avid enthusiast of marine biology and coral reef protection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA5F11CFDFB5E" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,1165,1231,1256]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFF1AA5F1195AFB5E" bold="true" box="[199,298,1231,1256]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Habitat.</emphasis>
Adults of
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFC2FFBDFE7CA5EF199CFB5E" box="[417,492,1231,1256]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Prionospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lylei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFE7CA5EF199CFB5E" box="[417,492,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">P. lylei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFBF0748FFC2FFBDFE2EA5EF1A5FFB5E" box="[499,559,1233,1256]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
were found in coral sand and rubble at
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFC2FFBDFC36A5F11C30FB5E" box="[1003,1088,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="6.0">621 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFC2FFBDFF1AA5CA1B36FABB" box="[199,838,1268,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFC2FFBDFF1AA5CA1B36FABB" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,838,1268,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFC2FFBDFF1AA5CA1910FABB" bold="true" box="[199,352,1268,1293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFC2FFBDFEBAA5CA19A1FABB" box="[359,465,1268,1293]" name="Australia" pageId="31" pageNumber="666">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>